动词不定式综合用法-2025-2026学年高中英语选修二语法易错点精讲（沪教版）

高中沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 选择性必修2语法精讲 寒假专版 动词不定式综合用法专项训川练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：高中教材：沪教牛津版（上海教育）年级：选择性必修2 语法认知 动词不定式(to+动词原形，有时to可省略)=to+动词原形，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定 语、状语。 易错点讲解 易错点一：不定式作宾语时的及物动词搭配错误 讲解： 有些动词后必须接不定式作宾语（如hope,want,decide等），有些动词后需接“疑问词+不定式” 结构（如know,leam,wonder等），而有些动词则不能直接接不定式（如suggest,mind,enjoy等，需 接动名词)。 例句： -正确：She hopes to study abroad.(hope后接不定式) -错误：She suggests to go there.(suggest后应接动名词going) 真题再现： (2024·上海浦东区期中，沪教牛津版)We decideda picnic in the park this weekend A.have B.to have C.having D.had 答案：B 解析：decide后需接不定式作宾语，构成decide to do sth.,故选B。 (2023·上海徐汇区期末，沪教牛津版)Could you tell me how_the machine? A.operate B.operating C.to operate D.operated 答案：C 解析：“疑问词+不定式”结构作tell的宾语，how to operate表示“如何操作”，故选C。 高中沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 选择性必修2语法精讲 易错点二：不定式作宾补时的省略o现象 讲解： 感官动词(see,hear,watch等)和使役动词(make,let,have等)后接不定式作宾补时，通常省略 to:但变为被动语态时，to必须还原。 例句： -主动：I saw her run away.(省略to) -被动：She was seen to run away.（还原to) 真题再现： (2024·上海黄浦区月考，沪教牛津版)The teacher made him_the sentence again A.copy B.to copy C.copying D.copied 答案：A 解析：make后接不定式作宾补时省略to,构成make sb.do sth.,故选A。 (2023·上海闵行区期中，沪教牛津版)He was heardloudly in the next room yesterday. A.sing B.to sing C.singing D.sung 答案：B 解析：被动语态中，感官动词hear后作宾补的不定式需还原to,故选B。 易错点三：不定式作状语时的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致 讲解： 不定式作目的、结果或原因状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致；若不一致，需用“for sb.to do”结构明确逻辑主语。 例句： -正确：To pass the exam,he studied hard.(逻辑主语he与句子主语一致) -错误：To improve English,the teacher suggested reading more.(逻辑主语应为“学生”，与句子主 语teacher不一致，应改为For students to improve English.) 真题再现： (2024·上海静安区期末，沪教牛津版)_the project on time,we need to work extra hours, A.Complete B.Completing C.To complete D.Completed 答案：C 解析：不定式作目的状语，逻辑主语w与句子主语一致，故选C。 (2023·上海杨浦区月考，沪教牛津版)It is importantus_learn teamwork. A.for;to B.to;for C.for;for D.to;to 2 高中沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 选择性必修2语法精讲 答案：A 解析：“Itis+adj.+for sb.todo”结构中，for引出逻辑主语us,不定式to learn作真正主语，故选A。 易错点四：不定式的否定形式位置错误 讲解： 不定式的否定形式是在to前加not,而非在动词前。 例句： -正确：He told me not to be late.(not在to前) -错误：He told me to not be late.(not位置错误) 真题再现： (2024·上海虹口区期中，沪教牛津版)The teacher asked us noise in the library. A.not make B.not to make C.to not make D.don't make 答案：B 解析：不定式否定形式为not to do,ask sb.not to do sth.表示“要求某人不要做某事”，故选B。 (2023·上海普陀区期末，沪教牛津版)My parents warned me_alone at night. A.not go B.to not go C.not to go D.don't go 答案：C 解析：warn sb.not to do sth.为固定搭配，否定词not置于to前，故选C。 易错点五：不定式与现在分词作结果状语的混淆 讲解： 不定式作结果状语表示“出乎意料的结果”，常与oy连用：现在分词作结果状语表示“自然产 生的结果”。 例句： -不定式（出乎意料）：He hurried to the station,only to find the train had left, -现在分词（自然结果）：It rained heavily,causing the river to rise. 真题再现： (2024·上海宝山区月考，沪教牛津版)She rushed to the classroom,onlythat the class had already begun. A.finding B.to find C.found D.find 答案：B 解析：only to do sth.表示出乎意料的结果，“她冲进教室，却发现课已经开始了”，故选B。 3 高中沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 选择性必修2语法精讲 (2023·上海松江区期末，沪教牛津版)The fire lasted for three hours,._a lot of damage. A.causing B.to cause C.caused D.cause 答案：A 解析：现在分词causing作结果状语，表示自然产生的结果“造成大量损失”，故选A。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I.单项选择（直击易错点) l.She decided_a volunteer in the community this summer.(易错点一) A.be B.to be C.being D.been 2.The workers were made_day and night by the boss..(易错点二) A.work B.to work C.working D.worked 3.improve his speaking skills,Tom joined the English club.(易错点三) A.So B.For C.To D.With 4.Our teacher told us_late for class again.(易错点四) A.not be B.not to be C.to not be D.don't be Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） l.My mother hopes_(visit)the Great Wall next month.(易错点一) 2.The little girl was seen_(cry)when her mother left.(易错点二) 3._(finish)the report on time,we need to start working now..（易错点三) 4.Please remember_(not touch)the exhibits in the museum.(易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用动词的适当形式填空： Last week,Lily wanted(join)the school play.She practiced hard every day because she hoped_(get) the lead role.Her teacher made her_(rehearse)the lines repeatedly.Finally,she was chosen!To celebrate,her friends planned_(have)a party for her.However,Lily told them(not spend)too much money.On the day of the performance,everyone was excited to see her_(act)on stage.She was seen -(receive)a big round of applause at the end.(improve)her acting skills further,Lily decided to take more drama classes next term. IV.连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 高中沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 选择性必修2语法精讲 1.leam,how,you,to,English,can,well(?)(易错点一) 2.was,to,the,boy,seen,un,station,to()（易错点二) 3.early,,he,to,up,got,catch,bus,the()（易错点三) 4.told,not,we,play,in,were,the,hall()（易错点四) 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.B3.C4.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.to visit 2.to cry 3.To finish 4.not to touch I.短文填空 to join to get rehearse to have not to spend act to receive To improve V.连词成句 1.How can you learn to English well? 2.The boy was seen to run to the station. 3.He got up early to catch the bus. 4.We were told not to play in the hall. 5