动词时态和被动语态复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册语法易错点精讲（鲁教版五四制）

初中鲁教版（五四制）》 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 寒假专版 动词时态和被动语态复习 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：初中教材：鲁教版（五四制）年级：9年级 语法认知 动词时态=表示动作或状态在不同时间发生或存在的方式，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般 将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时等： 被动语态=表示主语是动作承受者的语态，由“b动词+及物动词过去分词”构成，可用于各种 时态。 易错点讲解 易错点一：一般过去时与现在完成时的混淆 讲解： 一般过去时强调过去某个具体时间发生的动作或状态，与现在无关联，常与yesterday、.last week等 过去时间状语连用：现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或持续到现在的状态，常 与already、yet、since、for等连用。 例句： He played basketball yesterday.(一般过去时，强调昨天的动作) He has played basketball for two hours.(现在完成时，强调持续到现在的时长) 真题再现： (2024山东济南期中，鲁教版五四制)一_you一the movie The Wandering Earth? -Yes.I it last week. A.Did;see;saw B.Have;seen;saw C.Have;seen;have seen D.Did;see;have seen 答案：B解析：第一句询问是否看过电影，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时Have;seen;答句 有过去时间状语last week,用一般过去时saw。 (2023山东青岛期末，鲁教版五四制)My father一in this factory for20 years and he一here when 初中鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 he was 25. A.worked;came B.has worked;came C.has worked:has come D.worked;has come 答案：B解析：第一句有for20 years,强调持续到现在的状态，用现在完成时has worked:第二 句有过去时间状语when he was25,用一般过去时came。 易错点二：被动语态中be动词的遗漏或时态错误 讲解： 被动语态的基本结构为“b+过去分词”，be动词需根据时态、人称和数变化，不可遗漏。常见错 误为忘记添加be动词，或be动词时态与语境不符。 例句： The letter was written by her.(一般过去时被动语态，was不可遗漏) The project is being finished now..(现在进行时被动语态，is being表正在进行) 真题再现： (2024山东烟台月考，鲁教版五四制)A new hospital一in our city last year. A.builds B.built C.was built D.is built 答案：C解析：主语hospital与动词build是被动关系，有过去时间状语last year,用一般过去 时被动语态was built。. (2023山东淄博期中，鲁教版五四制)—How clean the classroom is! -Yes.It_by students every day. A.cleans B.cleaned C.is cleaned D.was cleaned 答案：C解析：主语it指代classroom,与clean是被动关系，有every day表经常性动作，用 般现在时被动语态is cleaned。 易错点三：现在进行时与一般现在时的误用 讲解： 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，常与now、look、listen等词连用；一般现在时表示经常性、 习惯性动作或客观真理，常与often、usually、always等频度副词连用。 例句： He is reading a book now.(现在进行时，强调正在进行) He reads books every morning.(一般现在时，强调习惯性动作) 真题再现： (2024山东威海期末，鲁教版五四制)一Listen!Someone.一in the next room -It must be Tom.He-songs there every day. 2 初中鲁教版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 A.sings,sings B.is singing;sings C.sings;is singing D.is singing;is singing 答案：B解析：第一句有Listen!!提示动作正在进行，用现在进行时is singing;第二句有every day表习惯性动作，用一般现在时sings。 (2023山东日照期中，鲁教版五四制)My mother often一dinner for us,but now she一a walk. A.cooks;takes B.is cooking;takes C.cooks;is taking D.is cooking;is taking 答案：C解析：第一句有often表习惯性动作，用一般现在时cooks:第二句有now表正在进行， 用现在进行时is taking。 易错点四：情态动词被动语态的结构错误 讲解： 情态动词被动语态的结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”，be动词不可省略，过去分词形式需正确。 常见错误为遗漏be动词或误用动词原形。 例句： This work must be finished today..(must+be+过去分词finished) The problem can be solved by him.(can+be+过去分词solved) 真题再现： (2024山东临沂月考，鲁教版五四制)These books一out of the library.You一return them on time. A.can'ttake;must B.can't be taken;must C.can't take;must be D.can't be taken;must be 答案：B解析：第一句主语books与take是被动关系，情态动词被动语态用can'tbe taken;第 二句主语you与retm是主动关系，用must return。 (2023山东泰安期末，鲁教版五四制)Children一to swim in the river..It's dangerous. A.mustn't allow B.mustn't be allowed C.don't allow D.aren't allowed 答案：B 解析：主语children与allow是被动关系，根据语境“禁止被允许”，用mustn’tbe allowed。 易错点五：过去进行时与一般过去时的混淆 讲解： 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，常与when、while引导的时间状语从句连用（主 句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时，或反之)：一般过去时表示过去发生的短暂性动作。 例句： I was doing homework when the phone rang.(tang是短暂性动作，用一般过去时；doing homework 是持续性动作，用过去进行时) He watched TV last night..(一般过去时，强调过去某个时间的动作) 3 初中鲁教版（五四制）》 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 真题再现： (2024山东济宁期中，鲁教版五四制)-What一you一at8o'clock last night?? -I a shower. A.did;do;took B.were;doing;was taking C.were;doing;took D.did;do;was taking 答案：B解析：问句中有at8o’clock last night表示过去具体时刻，用过去进行时were,doing: 答句同样描述过去同一时刻正在进行的动作，用was taking。 (2023山东枣庄期末，鲁教版五四制)While Tom一basketball,he一his keys. A.played;lost B.was playing;lost C.played;was losing D.was playing;was losing 答案：B解析：while引导的从句用过去进行时was playing表示持续性动作，主句用一般过去时 lost表示短暂性动作（丢失钥匙是瞬间发生的）。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I单项选择（直击易错点) 1.一-you-your homework yet'?-Yes,I_it an hour ago.(易错点一) A.Did;finish;finished B.Have;finished;finished C.Have;finished have finished D.Did; finish:have finished 2.Many trees一in the park last spring.（易错点二) A.plant B.planted C.were planted D.are planted 3.Listen!Someone一in the next room.(易错点三) A.sing B.sings C.is singing D.sang 4.This difficult problem_by Tom.(易错点四) A.can solve B.can be solved C.must solve D.must be solve 5.While I_TV,my brother_the doorbell..(易错点五) A.watched;rang B.was watching;rang C.watched,was ringing D.was watching;was ringing Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分） 1.My father_(work)in this company for 15 years.(易错点一) 2.A new bridge一(build)over the river last year.(易错点二) 3.Look!The children一(play)happily in the park.(易错点三) 4.This book_(must return)to the library on time.(易错点四) 初中鲁教版（五四制）》 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 5.When the teacher came in,we一have)a meeting.(易错点五) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用五大易错点） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺： Yesterday afternoon,I_(do)my homework when my mother came back.She said she(buy)a new dress for me.I was very happy because I(not have)a new dress for a long time.The dress-(make) of silk and it looked very beautiful.While I(try)it on,my little sister(come)in.She asked if she could wear it.I told her that it(can not take)off easily.Then we(go)to the park together.Many people-(see)us and some of them-(say)we looked like sisters. V连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.the,letter,written,.by,was,her,()（易错点二) 2.you,have,the,movie,seen,yet(?)(易错点一) 3.is,the,being,classroom,cleaned,now,()(易错点二) 4.he,when,was,reading,came,she,in,()(易错点五) 参考答案 I单项选择 1B2.C3.C4.B5.B Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.has worked 2.were planted 3.are playing 4.must be returned 5.were having II短文填空 1.was doing 2.had bought 3.had not had 4.was made 5.was trying 6.came 7.could not be taken 8.went 9.saw 10.said V.连词成句 1.The letter was written by her. 2.Have you seen the movie yet? 3.The classroom is being cleaned now. 4.He was reading when she came in. 5