内容正文:
初中外研版
【寒假专版】
7年级下册语法精讲
寒假专版
情态动词may,might,could专项训练
寒假语法易错点精讲
学段:初中
教材:外研版(五四制)年级:七下
语法认知
情态动词may,might,.could表示“可能性”的用法=may,might,.could表示事情发生的可能性,在
句中可用于陈述句和疑问句。
易错点讲解
易错点一:may,might,.could可能性程度混淆
讲解:
may表示“可能”(可能性较高),might//could表示“或许、也许”(可能性较低),might比could
可能性略低。三者均不表示“猜测肯定”,否定用may not(可能不),不用might not/could not表
“不可能”。
例句:He may come today.(他今天可能来。)He might/could come tomorrow.(他明天或许来。)
真题再现:
1.(2024山东济南期中,外研版)一Where is Lucy?She_be in the library.I saw her there just now.
A.must B.may C.might D.can
答案:B解析:由“刚才看见她在图书馆”可知可能性较高,用may,must表肯定猜测(不符
合外研版七下教学范围),might可能性过低,can用于否定/疑问句表推测。
2.(2024河北唐山月考,外研版)It rain later,.butI'm not sure.Let's take an umbrella.
A.may B.must C.should D.could
答案:D解析:由“不确定”可知可能性较低,用could,may可能性高于could,符合语境“或
许会下雨”。
易错点二:与can表“能力”的用法混淆
初中外研版
【寒假专版】
7年级下册语法精讲
讲解:
may/might/could表“可能性”时,不可与can表“能力”混淆。can表“能、会”(能力),may/might/could
表“可能”(推测)。
例句:He can swim.(他会游泳。能力)He may swim in the river now.(他现在可能在河里游泳。推
测)
真题再现:
1.(2023天津和平区期末,外研版)一_you play the piano?-Yes,Ican.But I not have time today.
A.May;may B.Can;may C.May,can D.Can;can
答案:B解析:第一空表“能力”用can,第二空表“可能性”(可能没时间)用may,can not
表“不能”(能力),不符合语境。
2.(2023山西运城期中,外研版)She_speak English well,but she_not be at home now.
A.can;may B.may;can C.can;can D.may;may
答案:A解析:第一空“说英语好”是能力,用can;第二空“可能不在家”是推测,用may。
易错点三:用于疑问句的功能混淆
讲解:
may用于疑问句表“请求许可”(Can/Could也可),不表“可能性”:could表“可能性”时不用于
疑问句(疑问句用can/may)。
例句:May I come in??(我可以进来吗?请求许可)Can it be true?(这可能是真的吗?可能性疑问)
真题再现:
1.(2024辽宁沈阳月考,外研版)一_I use your dictionary?Mine is at home..一Sure,here you are.
A.Must B.Might C.May D.Could
答案:C解析:表请求许可,用May/Could,外研版七下教材优先用May(Could更委婉但此处
选项C符合规范),might不用于请求。
2.(2024重庆江北区期末,外研版)一_the story be true?一I'n not sure.It_be a hoax.
A.May,may B.Can;might C.Must;could D.Can;must
答案:B解析:第一空疑问句表可能性用Can,第二空可能性较低用night,ust表肯定推测
(不符合“不确定”语境)。
易错点四:后接动词原形的否定形式错误
初中外研版
【寒假专版】
7年级下册语法精讲
讲解:
may/might/could表可能性时,否定直接在其后加not(may not/might not/.could not),后接动词原形,
不可缩写为maym't(教材不要求),且might not/could not不表“不可能”(用can't)。
例句:She may not go to the party.(她可能不去派对。)Itca't be him.(不可能是他。)
真题再现:
1.(2023山东青岛期中,外研版)He_come to the meeting tomorrow.He has to visit his grandma.
A.may not B.must not C.need not D.can not
答案:A解析:表“可能不来”,用may not,must not表“禁止”,can not表“不能”(能力),
need not表“不必”。
2.(2023河北石家庄期末,外研版)一Is Tom in the classroom?一He_be there.I didn't see him just
now.
A.might not B.can't C.mustn't D.needn't
答案:A解析:由“没看见”可知“可能不在”,用night not,can't表“不可能”(可能性过低,
不符合“不确定”语境)。
易错点综合演练
综合演练
I.单项选择(直击易错点)
l.-Will it rain this afternoon?-It_rain,but the weather report isn't sure.(易错点一)
A.must B.may C.might D.can
2.一_you swim across the river??-No,Ican't.But I try tomorrow.(易错点二)
A.May;may B.Can;may C.May;can D.Can;can
3.一I borrow your history notes?I was absent yesterday..(易错点三)
A.Must B.Might C.May D.Could
4.Peter_come to the party tonight..He has to finish his homework first..(易错点四)
A.may not B.must not C.need not D.can not
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空(强化易错点区分)
l.The exam results_(may)be announced tomorrow,but the teacher hasn't decided yet.(易错点一)
2.She_(can)speak three languages,but she_(may)not join the speech contest.(易错点二)
3
一_(may)I leave the classroom early?-Sorry,,you can't.(易错点三)
3
初中外研版
【寒假专版】
7年级下册语法精讲
4.He_(might)not attend the meeting.His flight is often delayed.(易错点四)
Ⅱ.短文填空(综合运用四大易错点)
用may,might,.could,can的适当形式填空,使短文完整通顺。(外研版教材课文改编)
Hello,I'm Lingling.Today is Sunday.My family-go to the park,but my dad isn't sure yet.Hehave
to work overtime.My mom said we take a bus if it rains,but the radio says it not rain.I hope we
can go because I want to fly a kite.My brother bring his new bike.He ride it very well.I take
some snacks?Mom said yes,but I not take too many.
V连词成句(聚焦易错句式)
1.may,he,late,be,tomorrow,.()((易错点一)
2.can,you,play,basketball,(?)(易错点二)
3.may,use,I,your,ruler,.(?)(易错点三)
4.it,might,not,smow,today,()(易错点四)
参考答案
I单项选择
1.C2.B3.C4.A
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.may 2.can;may 3.May 4.might
I短文填空
1.may 2.may
3.could
4.may 5.might 6.can 7.May 8.may
V.连词成句
1.He may be late tomorrow.
2.Can you play basketball?
3.May I use your ruler?
4.It might not snow today.