不同时态的被动语态-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法易错点精讲（沪教版）

初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 寒假专版 不同时态的被动语态专项训练 寒假语法易错点精讲 学段：初中 教材：沪教上海版年级：9年级 语法认知 不同时态的被动语态=主动语态的动作承受者作主语+be动词（根据时态变化）+动词过去分词， 强调动作的承受者或动作本身。 易错点讲解 易错点一：被动语态时态与be动词形式不匹配 讲解： 被动语态基本结构为“be+过去分词”，不同时态中be动词形式需随时态变化（如一般现在时用 am/is/are,一般过去时用was/were,一般将来时用will be/be going to be等)，易出现时态与be动 词形式混淆的错误。 例句：These books are written by him every year.(一般现在时，be动词用are) These books were written by him last year.(一般过去时，be动词用were) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海浦东期末，沪教上海版)Many trees=in our city every spring, A plant B planted C are planted D were planted 答案：C解析：由every spring可知用一般现在时，主语trees与plant是被动关系，be动词用 are,故选C。 2.(2024上海徐汇月考，沪教上海版)The old building三down in2023, A pull B pulled C is pulled D was pulled 答案：D解析：由in2023可知用一般过去时，主语building与pull是被动关系，be动词用was, 故选D。 易错点二：不及物动词误用被动语态 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 讲解： 被动语态的主语需是及物动词动作的承受者，不及物动词（如happen、appear、ise、arrive等）无 被动语态，不可用于“be+过去分词”结构。 例句：The accident happened yesterday..(happen为不及物动词，无被动语态) 真题再现： 1.(2023上海闵行期末，沪教上海版)A big fire_in the forest last night.. A was happened B happened C is happened D happens 答案：B解析：happen是不及物动词，无被动语态，由last night可知用一般过去时，故选B。 2.(2023上海静安期中，沪教上海版)Great changes=in our hometown since2010. A have happened B have been happened C happened D were happened 答案：A解析：happen无被动语态，由since2010可知用现在完成时，故选A。 易错点三：主动语态变被动语态时宾语补足语遗漏 讲解： 主动语态中“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变被动语态时，宾语补足语需保留在被动句 中作主语补足语，不可遗漏。 例句：They made him monitor..(主动)→He was made monitor by them.(被动，monitor为宾语补 足语变为主语补足语) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海杨浦月考，沪教上海版)We elected Lucy our class rep.(改为被动语态) Lucy==our class rep by us. 答案：was elected 解析：主动句中our class rep是宾语补足语，被动句中需保留，主语Lucy是 第三人称单数，由elected可知用一般过去时被动语态，故填was elected.。 2.(2023上海虹口期末，沪教上海版)Teachers always tell us to study hard.(改为被动语态) Wealways_to study hard by teachers. 答案：aretold解析：主动句中to study hard是宾语补足语，被动句中保留，主语we是复数，由 always可知用一般现在时被动语态，故填are told。. 易错点四：情态动词被动语态结构错误 讲解： 情态动词(can、may、must、should等)的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”，易遗漏 be动词或误用“情态动词+过去分词”结构。 2 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 例句：The work must be finished today.(must+be+过去分词finished) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海普陀期中，沪教上海版)This problem=be solved by Tom.He is very clever.. A can B can be C is can D be can 答案：B解析：情态动词can的被动语态结构为can+be+过去分词，故选B。 2.(2023上海长宁期末，沪教上海版)You一not_to enter the room without permission. A should allow B should be allowed C are should allowed D should allowed 答案：B解析：情态动词should的被动语态结构为should+be+过去分词allowed,故选B。 易错点五：现在完成时被动语态与一般过去时被动语态混淆 讲解： 现在完成时被动语态(have/has been+-过去分词)强调动作对现在的影响或持续到现在，一般过去 时被动语态(was/were+过去分词)仅表示过去发生的动作，易混淆时间状语导致时态错误。 例句：The bridge has been built for 10 years..(现在完成时，强调持续l0年) The bridge was built in20l0.(一般过去时，仅表示过去时间建桥) 真题再现： 1.(2024上海奉贤月考，沪教上海版)The new library一since last year A was built B has been built C built D is built 答案：B解析：由since last year可知用现在完成时，主语library与build是被动关系，故选B。 2.(2023上海金山期末，沪教上海版)The letter_by my father three days ago. A has been written B was written C is written D wrote 答案：B解析：由three days ago可知用一般过去时，主语letter与wite是被动关系，故选B。 易错点综合演练 综合演练 I单项选择（直击易错点） 1.The Olympic Games-every four years.(易错点一) A hold B held C are held D were held 2.A strange noise-outside the window last night.（易错点二) 3 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 9年级语法精讲 A was heard B heard C is heard D hears 3.Our teacher often tells us._more English.(易错点三) A speak B to speak C speaking D spoke 4.This difficult problem_solved by the students soon.(易错点四) A can be B can C is can Dbe can Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空（强化易错点区分) l.Many trees-(plant)in the park last spring.(易错点一) 2.The meeting_(happen))in the hall yesterday afternoon.(易错点二) 3.He_(make)monitor of our class last week.(易错点三) 4.This work_(must finish)before Friday.（易错点四) Ⅱ.短文填空（综合运用四大易错点） 用括号内单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整通顺。 A new school library_build)in our school last year..(易错点一)Students are happy because they can read more books now.Last Monday,,a small fire三(happen)in the comer of the library.(易错点 二)Luckily,it was put out quickly..Our teacher always tells us=be)careful with fire.(易错点三) The broken books_(must repair)by the workers next week.(易错点四) V连词成句（聚焦易错句式） 1.the,classroom,cleaned,is,evey,day()(易错点一) 2.this,story,was,written,.by,him(?)(易错点一) 3.they,us,to,help,told()(易错点三) 4.this,be,done,work,can,today()(易错点四) 参考答案 I.单项选择 1.C2.B3.B4.A Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.were planted 2.happened 3.was made 4.must be finished 4 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】9年级语法精讲 I短文填空 1.was built 2.happened 3.to be 4.must be repaired V.连词成句 1.The classroom is cleaned every day. 2.Was this story written by him? 3.They told us to help. 4.This work can be done today. 5