Unit5语法讲解及习题_ 形容词比较级和最高级-2025-2026学年沪教版英语（五四学制）七年级上学期

沪教英语（五四学制）七上Unit5语法讲解及习题 形容词比较级和最高级 一、语法核心讲解 本单元重点语法：Comparative and superlative adjectives（形容词比较级和最高级） 1. 语法定义 形容词比较级和最高级用于对人或事物进行比较： 比较级 (Comparative)：用于比较两者之间的差异，表示“更……”。 最高级 (Superlative)：用于比较三者或三者以上，表示“最……”。 2. 基本结构 句型结构 构成形式 比较级 主语 + be动词/动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象 最高级 主语 + be动词/动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 比较范围 (of/in...) 注意： 形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词 the。 比较级后常跟 than 引出比较对象。 3. 形容词比较级和最高级构成规则 （1）规则变化 变化规则 例词（原级→比较级→最高级） 一般情况，直接在词尾加 -er / -est smart → smarter → smartest young → younger → youngest 以不发音的字母 e 结尾，直接加 -r / -st nice → nicer → nicest large → larger → largest 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 -er / -est pretty → prettier → prettiest busy → busier → busiest 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er / -est big → bigger → biggest hot → hotter → hottest 多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加 more / most pleasant → more pleasant → most pleasant beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful （2）不规则变化（本单元高频） 动词原形 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least far farther / further farthest / furthest 4. 核心用法及例句（参考本单元电影主题） 用法一：两者比较（比较级） 用于比较两个人、事物或电影之间的差异。 常用结构：A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B. 例句： 1. Eggborn is smarter than the fox.（Eggborn比狐狸更聪明。） 2. This film is more exciting than that one.（这部电影比那部更令人激动。） 3. A young fox wears huadan make-up to look prettier.（一只年轻的狐狸画着花旦妆，看起来更漂亮。） 4. They hope people will live a more pleasant life than before.（他们希望人们能过上比以前更舒适的生活。） 用法二：三者及以上比较（最高级） 用于在一个群体中表示“最……”。 常用结构：A + be + the + 形容词最高级 + of/in + 范围. 例句： 1. That's the oldest film of all.（那是所有电影中最古老的一部。） 2. As one of the most classic animated films, The Legend of Sealed Book returned to the screen in 2021.（作为最经典的动画电影之一，《天书奇谭》在2021年重返银幕。） 3. Artists bring the story to life by making the best use of different Chinese art forms.（艺术家们通过最大限度地运用不同的中国艺术形式，让故事栩栩如生。） 4. It is the most exciting film in my eyes.（在我眼中，它是最激动人心的电影。） 用法三：同义句转换（比较级 ↔ 最高级） 在特定语境下，比较级和最高级可以表达相同的含义，进行同义句转换： 1. 比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 = 最高级 + in/of + 范围 例句：Tom is taller than any other student in his class. 同义句：Tom is the tallest student in his class. 2. No one + 动词 + 比较级 + than + 主语 = 主语 + 动词 + the + 最高级 例句：No one is smarter than Eggborn. 同义句：Eggborn is the smartest. 5. 易混点辨析 （1）比较级 vs. 最高级 比较级 最高级 比较对象是两者 比较对象是三者及以上 句中常出现 than 句中常出现 of all, in the world, in my eyes 等范围词 形容词前不加 the 形容词前必须加 the （2）“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”结构 表示“最……之一”，注意名词要用复数形式。 例句：The Legend of Sealed Book is one of the most classic animated films.（《天书奇谭》是最经典的动画电影之一。） 二、综合练习题 题型一：用所给形容词的适当形式填空 1. This film is _______________ (exciting) than that one. 2. Which is _______________ (big), the sun or the moon? 3. She is _______________ (good) at singing than dancing. 4. This is _______________ (interesting) book I have ever read. 5. The weather today is _______________ (bad) than yesterday. 6. He is _______________ (careful) student in our class. 7. Which is _______________ (popular), action films or cartoons? 8. This movie is _______________ (funny) of all the movies I've seen. 9. My bag is _______________ (heavy) than yours. 10. This is _______________ (expensive) camera in the shop. 题型二：句型转换（10题） 1. This film is interesting. That film is more interesting. (合并为一句) That film is _______________ _______________ than this one. 2. Tom is tall. Sam is taller. (合并为一句) Sam is _______________ _______________ Tom. 3. The red dress is cheap. The blue dress is cheaper. (合并为一句) The blue dress is _______________ _______________ the red one. 4. This story is funny. That story is funnier. (合并为一句) That story is _______________ _______________ than this one. 5. This is a good film. That is a better film. (合并为一句) That film is _______________ _______________ this one. 6. He is clever. His brother is cleverer. (合并为一句) His brother is _______________ _______________ him. 7. The box is heavy. That box is heavier. (合并为一句) That box is _______________ _______________ this one. 8. This city is beautiful. That city is more beautiful. (合并为一句) That city is _______________ _______________ than this one. 9. This is an old movie. That is an older movie. (合并为一句) That movie is _______________ _______________ this one. 10. This is a long movie. That is a longer movie. (合并为一句) That movie is _______________ _______________ this one. 题型三：同义句转换 1. Tom is the tallest student in his class. (改为同义句) Tom is _______________ than _______________ _______________ student in his class. 2. This film is more exciting than any other film. (改为同义句) This is _______________ _______________ _______________ film of all. 3. No one is more hard-working than Lucy in our class. (改为同义句) Lucy is _______________ _______________ student in our class. 4. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. (改为同义句) Shanghai is _______________ _______________ city in China. 5. This book is more interesting than any other book on the shelf. (改为同义句) This is _______________ _______________ _______________ book on the shelf. 题型四：单项选择 1. — Which is _______________, the elephant or the tiger? — The elephant, of course. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 2. This is _______________ film I have ever seen. A. the most interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. interesting 3. My brother is _______________ than me. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 4. Which is _______________, English or Chinese? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult D. difficultly 5. She is _______________ girl in her class. A. young B. younger C. youngest D. the youngest 6. This movie is _______________ than that one. A. boring B. more boring C. most boring D. the most boring 7. Which is _______________, the sun, the moon or the earth? A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest 8. He is _______________ boy in our school. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 题型五：用括号内单词的正确形式完成短文 Some of ⑴_______________ (well-known) film-makers in the world would like to make films in studios. They say it's ⑵_______________ (easy) to film inside a studio than outside. One of ⑶_______________ (big) advantages is that they can have complete control over the light. This makes the film ⑷_______________ (quick) and ⑸_______________ (cheap) to make. Actors also like working inside because it saves time and is ⑹_______________ (comfortable). Actually, many of the world's ⑺_______________ (successful) films are made in studios. 三、答案与详细解析 题型一：用所给形容词的适当形式填空 1. more exciting 解析：句中有 than，表示两者比较，用比较级。exciting 是多音节词，比较级为 more exciting。 2. bigger 解析：比较太阳和月亮两者，用比较级。big 双写末尾辅音字母加 -er。 3. better 解析：good 的比较级是不规则变化 better。 4. the most interesting 解析：I have ever read 表示范围，是三者及以上比较，用最高级。interesting 是多音节词，最高级为 the most interesting。 5. worse 解析：bad 的比较级是不规则变化 worse。 6. the most careful 解析：in our class 表示范围，用最高级。careful 是多音节词，最高级为 the most careful。 7. more popular 解析：比较动作片和卡通片两者，用比较级。popular 是多音节词，比较级为 more popular。 8. the funniest 解析：of all the movies 表示范围，用最高级。funny 变 y 为 i 加 -est。 9. heavier 解析：句中有 than，用比较级。heavy 变 y 为 i 加 -er。 10. the most expensive 解析：in the shop 表示范围，用最高级。expensive 是多音节词，最高级为 the most expensive。 题型二：句型转换 1. more interesting 解析：合并后表示“那部电影比这部更有趣”，用比较级。 2. taller than 解析：合并后表示“Sam比Tom高”，用比较级。 3. cheaper than 解析：合并后表示“蓝色的裙子比红色的便宜”，用比较级。 4. funnier than 解析：合并后表示“那个故事比这个更有趣”，用比较级。 5. better than 解析：合并后表示“那部电影比这部好”，good 的比较级是 better。 6. cleverer than 解析：合并后表示“他的弟弟比他聪明”，用比较级。 7. heavier than 解析：合并后表示“那个箱子比这个重”，用比较级。 8. more beautiful 解析：合并后表示“那个城市比这个更漂亮”，用比较级。 9. older than 解析：合并后表示“那部电影比这部老”，用比较级。 10. longer than 解析：合并后表示“那部电影比这部长”，用比较级。 题型三：同义句转换 1. taller; any other 解析：“the + 最高级 + in + 范围”可以转换为“比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词”。 2. the most exciting 解析：“more + 形容词 + than any other + 名词”可以转换为“the + most + 形容词 + of all”。 3. the most hard-working 解析：“No one + 动词 + 比较级 + than + 主语”可以转换为“主语 + 动词 + the + 最高级”。 4. the largest 解析：“比较级 + than any other + 名词”可以转换为“the + 最高级 + in + 范围”。 5. the most interesting 解析：“more + 形容词 + than any other + 名词”可以转换为“the + most + 形容词 + 名词”。 题型四：单项选择 1. B 解析：比较大象和老虎两者，用比较级 stronger。 2. A 解析：I have ever seen 表示范围，用最高级 the most interesting。 3. B 解析：句中有 than，表示两者比较，用比较级 taller。 4. B 解析：比较英语和语文两者，用比较级 more difficult。 5. D 解析：in her class 表示范围，用最高级 the youngest。 6. B 解析：句中有 than，表示两者比较，用比较级 more boring。 7. D 解析：比较太阳、月亮和地球三者，用最高级 the smallest。 8. D 解析：in our school 表示范围，用最高级 the best。 题型五：用括号内单词的正确形式完成短文 1. the best-known 解析：in the world 表示范围，用最高级。 2. easier 解析：句中有 than，表示两者比较，用比较级。 3. the biggest 解析：one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 表示“最……之一”。 4. quicker 解析：和在室外拍摄相比，用比较级。 5. cheaper 解析：和在室外拍摄相比，用比较级。 6. more comfortable 解析：和在室外工作相比，用比较级。 7. most successful 解析：of the world's 表示范围，用最高级。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $