Unit1 Nature in the balance 一轮复习教材要点导学案 -2026届高考英语译林版必修第三册

必修第三册 Unit 1 Nature in the balance （主题语境：人与自然-自然环境保护） 课前预习·教材回顾 课文回顾 Welcome to the Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world. It plays a significant role in 1. (keep) the fine balance of the global ecosystem. Covering an area of around 6 2. （一百万）square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half 3. size of China. It is named after the Amazon River, which is close to 6,400 kilometers in 4.__________(long). 390,000 plant species 5. (be) known to us, and more than 40,000 of them can be found in the Amazon rainforest. The forest's different levels support an unbelievable 6. (vary) of wildlife. Various 7.___________(live) things survive here,8. （组成）the forest's food chain. The Amazon rainforest fixes carbon and produces over 20% of all the Earth's oxygen, 9. （为地球注入活力）. However, over the past 50 years, about 17% of the rainforest has disappeared 10. （由于）human activities. We can't afford to damage it. 课堂互动·词句精讲 （核心词汇） 1. harm n.&vt.伤害，损害 单句语法填空 ① We can't tell the difference between the true and the false, which may be (harm) to our study and life. ②Drinking too much does harm your health. ③There is no harm in_______________(say) sorry to him first. 点拨： （1)do sb./sth. harm=do harm to sb./sth．对某人／某物有害 there is no harm in doing sth.=it does no harm to do sth.不妨做某事 （2)harmful adj．有害的 be harmful to...对······有害 （3)harmless adj．无害的；无恶意的 写作微练 完成句子／句型转换 ④开个小玩笑罢了，并无恶意的。 It's just a bit of ⑤They don't usually employ untrained workers, but it does no harm to try your fortune. →They don't usually employ untrained workers, but your fortune. 2. variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 单句语法填空 ①Through the summer program, students are hired each year in a (vary) of summer positions. ②Some dining rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in__________(vary)countries. ③Class activities will vary_________day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests. ④The menu in the restaurant varies the season. 点拨： (1)a variety of=varieties of=various各种各样的；不同种类的 (2)vary v．相异，不同，有别；变化 vary from...to... 从······到······不等；在······到······之间变动 vary with...随······而变动 写作微练 完成句子 ⑤和中国一样，加拿大的气候因地区而异。 As in China, the climate in Canada . ⑥ 有不同种类的果树和各种各样的动物。 There are different kinds of fruit trees as well as 3. in turn 相应地；转而：依次；轮流 单句语法填空 ① He spends too much time on maths, and this turn affects the progress of his other subjects. ② The two brothers take (turn) to look after their father. ③ I felt very nervous when it was my tum (deliver) a speech. ④ During the summer holidays, the teachers were on duty turns. 点拨： by turns轮流地；交替地 take turns to do sth./(in)doing sth.轮流做某事 It's one's turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。 联想 in return 作为回报，作为报答 写作微练 一句多译／单句写作 ⑤那两个司机在漫长的旅途中轮流休息。 →The two drivers during the long journey. →The two drivers during the long journey. ⑥他总是乐于帮助别人，作为回报，大家都很喜欢他。 4. survive vi．生存，存活 vt．幸存，幸免于难；比······活的时间长 单句语法填空 ①Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving entirely discarded（丢弃）food. ②If you develop AIDS, your chances of (survive) are very small. ③The old woman survived her husband ten years. 点拨： （1)survive sth．幸免于某事；从某事中挺过来／活过来 survive on 依靠······维持生活 survive sb.by... 比某人多活······（时间） （2)survival n．生存；幸存 （3)survivor n．生还者，幸存者 写作微练 句型转换／完成句子 ④ After she had survived that night, she was confident that everything else would be all right. → ,she was confident that everything else would be all right. （用现在分词短语作状语改写） ⑤很多鸟没有挺过这个严冬。 Many birds didn't 5. break down 消除；分解；打破；（谈判、计划等）失败；（身体）垮掉；出故障 赏句猜义 ①The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. ②Your health will break down if you always stay up late. ③It was bad luck that my car broke down on the way to Beijing. ④Plastic bags are difficult to break down. 点拨： break in 打断（谈话）；插嘴；闯入 break into 强行闯入；突然开始 break away from 脱离；迅脱 break up 分散；拆散；破碎；（关系等）破裂 break out（战争、火灾等）爆发 写作微练 单句写作 ⑤交流有助于消除年轻人与他们父母之间的隔阂。 ⑥当别人谈话的时候，打断（谈话）是不礼貌的。 6. due to 由于，因为 单句语法填空 ①The team are due (fly)to Italy next month. ②Have they been paid the money that is due them? ③Thanks his timely help, many villagers survived the disaster. 点拨： （1)due adj．预期的；到期的；应付的；应得的；适当的 n.应有的权利；应得到的东西 be due to do sth.预期／预定要做某事 be due to sb.应支付／应给予／应归于某人 be due for sth.应得到某物 （2）表示“由于”的词组还有： as a consequence of/in consequence of 由于；因为 owing to 由于 because of 因为；由于 as a result of 由于 thanks to 多亏；由于 on account of 由于，因为 写作微练 ④由于糟糕的天气，运动会不得不延迟。The sports meeting had to be put off 7. damage vt. &n．损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 单句语法填空 ① I have a very strong fear that the lie we're telling is doing spiritual damage our children. ②It will take several months to repair the ship (damage) in the storm. ③As we know, smoking seriously (damage)our health. 点拨： （1)do/cause damage to..．对······造成损害 suffer damage 遭受破坏 （2)damage one's health 损害某人的健康 写作微练 句型转换／完成句子 ④The damage which was caused by the earthquake was very serious. →The damage was very serious. （用非谓语动词改写） ⑤野生动植物的栖息地遭到了严重的破坏。（书面表达之建议信） The wildlife habitat 8. protest vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n.抗议，反对 单句语法填空 ①The film director left the company in protest the decision. ②Many animals disappeared in that region, so the group held protest. ③She wrote a letter of apology but only protest. 点拨： （1)protest againsl/at/about..．抗议······ （2)hold a protest 举行抗议 in protest at...抗议······ without protest 顺从地 under protest 不情愿地；无奈地 写作微练 句型转换／完成句子 ④ Outside the hall were some workers who protested against their poor conditions. →Outside the hall were some workers .（用非谓语动词改写） ⑤警察来了之后，他乖乖地离开了大楼。 He left the building after the police arrived. 9. defence n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 单句语法填空 ① "Small does not mean weak，sir," she defended (she). ② I have to say in her (defend) that she knew nothing about it beforehand. ③ All our officers are trained to defend themselves knife attacks. 点拨： （1)in defence of为了保卫······ in one's defence 为······辩护 （2)defend v．防御，保护，保卫；辩解，拼白 defend...against/from...保卫······免令······ defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩解 defend sb. 为某人辩护 写作微练 一句多译／完成句子 ④这位律师决定站起来为男孩辩护。 →The lawyer decided to stand up .(defend) →The lawyer decided to stand up .(defence) ⑤ 我和妻子用胡椒粉喷雾剂保护我们自己不受北极熊的攻击。（读后续写之动作描写） My wife and I used pepper spray by the polar bear. 10. consequence n．结果，后果；重要性 单句语法填空 ① What is a (consequent) of food waste according to the test? ② a consequence of the rain, the tennis match was delayed. ③ She studied hard, and (consequent)she passed the examination. 点拨： （1)in consequence=as a consequence 因此，结果 as a consequence of = in consequence of 由于；因为 （2)consequent adj．随之发生的；作为结果的 （3)consequently adv．结果，因此 写作微练 语境填空 ④A lot of students waste their spare time surfing the Internet; （结果）,they often fail to finish their homework on time. （因此）,most of them do poorly in their grades. Later, （由于）Tom's hard work，he was eventually admitted to Nanjing University. 〔常用句型〕 1. With an area of around 6 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。 句型公式：倍数＋the size of... 解读 倍数表达法：倍数＋the＋名词（size/length/width/height／weight...)+of... 联想 其他常见的倍数表达法： （1）倍数＋as +adj./adv.（原级）+as… （2）倍数＋比较级＋than..． （3）倍数＋what从句 写作微练 句型转换／完成句子 ①This table is three times the size of that one. →This table is than that one. →This table is three times →This table is three times that one. ②他跑得比我快两倍。 He runs me. 2. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain.尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林的食物链的一个要素。 句型公式：while 引导让步状语从 解读 （1)while引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然；尽管”，常置于句首。 （2)while 引导时间状语从句时，意为“当······的时候”。 （3)while 用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示前后存在对比关系。 （4)while 用作名词，意为“一会儿，一段时间”，常与a 连用。 写作微练 完成句子 ①参观这个展览的时候，我们不仅会欣赏到民间艺术品，而且还会学到很多。（书面表达之介绍展览） ,we will not only enjoy the folk artworks but also learn a lot.（状语从句的省略） ②虽然我是一个动物爱好者，但我觉得养三条狗太难了。 , I feel that it's too hard to keep three dogs. ③ 我们中的一些人负责摘苹果，而另一些人将它们打包。（书面表达之记叙文） Some of us were responsible for picking apples, ④ 过了一会儿，她为自己一开始的行为方式表示道歉。 ,she apologized for the way she behaved at the beginning. 3. As the human population continues to grow, so does the effect we have on animals. 随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 句型公式：so＋助动词＋主语 解读 ＂so＋助动词＋主语＂表示上述的肯定情况也适用于后者，意为“······也······”。 联想 （1）“neither/nor＋助动词＋主语＂表示前面的否定情况也适用于后者，意为“······也不······”。 （2）“so＋主语＋助动词”表示说话人同意对方的看法或对前文内容给予一种强调性的肯定，意为“······的确如此”。 （3）如果前面有不同类型的谓语动词，后面表示“······也······＂时要用＂so it is with...＂或＂it is the same with...”。 写作微练 完成句子 ①我喜欢这部电影，我所有的朋友也喜欢。I adored this movie and ②---他看起来很年轻。---确实如此。 ---He looks very young. --- ③我以前没有去过那个国家，简也没去过。 I haven't been to the country before and ④汤姆喜欢唱歌但不喜欢跳舞。玛丽也一样。 Tom enjoys singing, but he doesn't like dancing. 巩固训练 即时反馈 一、词汇训练 搭配训练 1. What's more, we can also hand out leaflets to call more people to protect the ocean. 2. In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organizations have begun coming up plans to counter this trend. 3.They take all necessary measures defence of their country's security. 4.Plenty of habitats of wild animals were destroyed. a consequence, many of them disappeared. 5.The sports meeting was finally delayed due the bad weather. 熟词生义 1. Apples come in a great many varieties. 2. There is a length of wire exposed. 3. Dark clouds massed on the horizon. 4. He received a large reward, which was no more than his due. 5. A truck came belting up behind us. 词形变换 1.The results are (entire) consistent with their earlier research. 2. Throughout her career as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore (far). 3. A successful swap（交换）depends on the selection of clothes, the (organize) of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. 4. These include comedy, satire，poignant drama, historical and (region) drama. 5. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the (disappear) of the Aral Sea. 6.There is______________(absolute) nothing you can do but wait. 7.If a predator（掠食动物）can eat several species, it can survive the (extinct)of one of them. 8. (consequent), she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria. 9.It emerged rapidly as an (economy) and political center. 10.Some of mushrooms are (poison)to humans. 短语串烧 After arriving, he started to study 1. （各种各样的）wildlife in some regions. He was told that there used to be masses of species, but some disappeared 2. （由于）human activities. Some farmers poisoned many animals while using chemicals. Some people tracked and killed animals to 3. （获利）.What they did really 4． （使发生）a bad impact on some animals, such as deer and frogs. He decided to do something to prevent them from harming the animals, so he joined an organization 5. （为了保卫）the animals close to extinction. In his spare time, he gave out some brochures and talked to some local residents about them. He also 6. （想出）some strategies to help the residents 7． （摆脱）poverty.8． （结果）most of them stopped protesting against his action. 二、句型训练 1. 据报道，新建的博物馆的大小是原来的三倍（倍数表达法） It is reported that the new museum is the original one. 2. 虽然年轻一代更喜欢视觉交流，但对于那些习惯使用电子邮件等传统工具的人来说，这可能会感觉像一个学习曲线。(while) visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve. 3．今天上午杰克要面试几个候选人，下午约翰要面试几个候选人。（省略） Jack will interview several candidates this morning and . 4．露西和莉莉是双胞胎姐妹，露西很大方，而莉莉非常吝啬。 Lucy and Lily are twin sisters. Lucy is generous, . 5．她喜欢音乐，我也是。 She likes music and · 三、写作提能 （演讲稿------自然平衡）假定你是李华，你校将举办以“Protect Wild Animals＂为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语演讲稿。 1．野生动物的现状； 2．对野生动物保护的建议； 3．发起号召。 注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：自然保护区 nature reserve 意识awareness Good morning, everyone! I'm very glad to give a speech today. The topic of my speech is "Protect Wild Animals". As we all know, wild animals play a part in 1. （保持自然界的平衡）.Unfortunately, they are in danger, 2. （一些野生动物濒临灭绝）.So it is necessary to take measures to protect them. First of all, we should establish nature reserves. Secondly, we should 3. （提高人们保护动物的意识）, letting them understand that to harm animals is to harm ourselves. Therefore, let's take the responsibility and 4. （做我们能做的来保护它们）.I hope in the future we can 5． （和谐快乐地生活）together with wild animals. Thank you! 【读后续写点对典】 情绪描写之“恐惧” 语科积累 语科运用 scared adj.恐惧；害怕 in panic 恐慌地 with/in fear 害怕地 full of horror 充满恐惧 in/with horror 惊恐地 tremble with fear 害怕得发抖 1．他惊慌失措地踱来踱去。 2．他吓得僵住了，寸步难行。（形容词短语作状语） ,he can't move an inch. 3．一看到那只凶恶的狼，我就吓得嗓子发紧，膝盖发软。 my throat tightened and my knees felt weak. 答案 课前预习·教材回顾 1.keeping 2. million 3.the 4. length 5.are 6. variety 7. living 8. making up 9.breathing life into the planet 10.due to 课堂互动·词句精讲 核心词汇 1.①harmful ②to ③saying ④harmless fun ⑤there's no harm in trying 2.①variety ②various ③from ④with ⑤varies from region to region ⑥a variety of/varieties of/various animals 3.①in ②turns ③to deliver ④by ⑤took turns to take a rest; took a rest by turns ⑥He was always ready to help others, and in return, he was liked by everyone 4.①on ②survival ③by ④Having survived that night ⑤survive the severe winter 5．①（谈判、计划等）失败 ②（身体）垮掉 ③出故障 ④分解 ⑤Communication can help break down the barriers between young people and their parents ⑥It is bad manners to break in when others are talking 6.①to fly ②to ③to ④due to/owing to/as a result of/because of/on account of/as a consequence of/in consequence of the bad weather 7.①to ②damaged ③damages ④caused by the earthquake ⑤has suffered severe damage 8.①at ②a ③under ④protesting against their poor conditions ⑤without protest 9.①herself ②defence ③against/from ④to defend the boy; in the boy's defence ⑤to defend ourselves from/against being attacked 10.①consequence ②As ③consequently ④in consequence/as a consequence/consequently; In consequence/As a consequence/Consequently; as a consequence of/in consequence of 常用句型 1.①three times bigger; what that one is; as big as ②twice the speed of/twice faster than/twice as fast as 2.①While visiting this exhibition ②While I am an animal lover ③while the others packed them ④After a while 3.①so did all my friends ②So he does ③neither/nor has Jane ④So it is with Mary/It's the same with Mary 巩固训练·即时反馈 一、词汇训练 搭配训练 1.on 2. with 3.in 4. As 5.to 熟词生义 1．品种 2．细长的一段（或一节、一根等）3．集结；聚集 4．应得到的东西 5．飞奔；飞驰 词形变换 1.entirely 2. further 3. organization 4. regional 5. disappearance 6. absolutely 7. extinction 8. Consequently 9. economic 10. poisonous 短语串烧 1.a variety of / varieties of 2.due to 3. make a profit 4. gave rise to 5.in defence of 6.came up with 7.get rid of 8. As a consequence/In consequence 二、句型训练 1.three times the size of 2. While the younger generations prefer to communicate 3.John this afternoon 4. while Lily is extremely mean 5.so do l 三、写作提能 1. keeping the balance of nature 2. some of which are close to dying out 3. raise people's awareness of animal protection 4.do what we can to protect them 5. live harmoniously and happily 读后续写点对典 1.He paced up and down in panic. 2.Frozen with fear 3.At the sight of the fierce wolf, I felt so scared that 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $