Unit 4 Section II Discovering Useful Structures-【成才之路·学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

082 SectionΠ Discovering Useful Structures ●语法概览 放在名词或不定代词后面作后 作目的状语 置定语，表示尚未发生的动作 作原因状语 作 中心词为序数词或被序数词、形容 作结果状语 词最高级、the next、the only等修 动词不 独立动词不定式作插入语 语 饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语 定式作 作 定 定语和 语 抽象名词后常用不定式作后置定语 现在分词与动词不定 注意 状语 名词与定语存在动宾关系 式作结果状语的区别 问题 名词与定语存在主谓关系 名词与定语存在同位关系 ●语法精讲 6.当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。 We must find a person to do the job. 一、动词不定式作定语 我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。 1.动词不定式作定语，常放在名词或不定代词后 7.当名词与定语之间存在同位关系时。 面作后置定语，表示尚未发生的动作。 My desire to carry on with the experiment has Let us give him something to eat. failed. 让我们给他一些吃的东西。 我继续做实验的愿望没能实现。 Additionally,from time to time I will assign温馨提示： group work to be completed in class... ①不定式常放在某些名词或代词后作定语。如 而且，我会不时地布置一些在课堂上完成的小 果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式 组作业… 修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具 2.当中心词为序数词或被序数词修饰时，常用动 等，不定式后需要加相应的介词。 词不定式作后置定语。 He has no pen to write with. He is always the first to arrive at the school and 他没有钢笔写字。 the last to leave the school. ②不定式作定语时，如果句子的主语是不定式的 他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校 逻辑主语，不定式使用主动形式表示被动。试 3.当中心词被形容词最高级、the next、the only 比较： 等修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 Have you got anything to buy? 你有什么东西要买吗？（不定式to buy的动作 She is the only woman to be admitted into the 执行者是you) famous university. Have you got anything to be bought? 她是唯一被这所著名大学录取的女性。 你有什么要（我或别人）买的吗？（不定式to 4.抽象名词plan,attempt,ability,chance, be bought的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”，因 desire,determination,decision,way等后，常 此只能用动词不定式的被动形式作后置定语) 用动词不定式作后置定语。 》即学即用 Practice is the only way to learn a language well. 单句语法填空 学好一门语言的唯一途径就是练习。 DIt is recognised that he is the best man 5.当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。 (complete)the task. She is a nice person to work with. 2Thanks to your encouragement,I finally got the 她是一个很好的合作伙伴。 courage (face)all the challenges. 083 3 The system has the ability run)more I'm too tired to do well. than one programme at the same time. 我太累了做不好。 4 Could you tell me an effective way The wind is strong enough to move the sand. (learn)English well? 风大到能移动沙丘。 二、动词不定式作状语 He rushed back,only to find the book missing. 动词不定式在句中作状语，主要用来修饰动 他冲了回来，却发现书不见了。 词和形容词，也可用来修饰副词。在句中，不定 He was so nervous that he felt his tongue tied 式可作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等，可表示 and palms sweating 目的、原因、结果等。 他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉舌头打结，手心 1.作目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常 出汗。 表示强调。为加强语气，常与in order或soas 4.独立动词不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的 组成短语。 心理状态或对事情的看法。 To begin with,she spoke too quickly,I A group of young people got together to discuss couldn't understand most of the words she said. this question. 首先，她说得太快，我听不懂她所说的大部分 一群年轻人聚在一起讨论这个问题。 内容 (1)置于句首时只用todo/in order to do。表 〉即学即用 示否定时，用in order not to do或so as not to 单句语法填空 do形式。 ① (learn)a language well,you must I walked quietly so as not to disturb the baby. make efforts. 我安静地走路，以免打扰到这个婴儿。 2I'm more than delighted (know)that (2)不定式作目的状语可转换为so that/in you are coming to our school to take part in the order that引导的目的状语从句。 Chinese Culture Week He worked very hard to pass the exam. 3The traveller looked up suddenly （find) He worked very hard so that/in order that a monkey in the tree. he could pass the exam. ④ tell)the truth,I don't like the colour 他非常努力以便能通过考试。 at all. 2.作原因状语，多见于“sb.+be+ad.+to 三、现在分词与动词不定式作结果状语的区别 d0..”结构中。 1.动词不定式作结果状语，强调的是一种意想不 Her father was pleased to know that she passed 到的结果，通常与only搭配。 the exam. Anxiously,she took the dress out of the package 得知她通过考试的消息，她父亲很高兴。 and tried it on,only to find it didn't fit. They were very surprised to be informed of the 她着急地从包里拿出那件衣服试穿，却发现不 news. 合身。 被告知这个消息他们很吃惊。 2.现在分词作结果状语，强调的是一种顺承的、 3.作结果状语，多见于to0..to.·,·enough 自然而然的结果。 to,only to do(表示意料之外的结果的发生)， The snow lasted a week,resulting in a serious so/such..asto/that..(意为“如此…以至 traffic confusion in the whole area. 于…”)结构中。 雪下了一星期，给整个地区造成严重的交通混乱。 084 》即学即用 3.屠呦呦是第一位被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学 句子语法填空 奖的中国科学家。 DShe got to the station only (find)the Tu Youyou is the first Chinese scientist train had gone. the Nobel Prize in Physiology or 2The boy slipped and fell down, hit) Medicine. his head against the door. 4.这也为我提供了独立生活和体验生活艰辛的 ●语法精练 机会。 I.单句语法填空 It provided me with a chance and experience the hardships of 1.The program affords young people the chance life. gain)working experience. 5.我认为和朋友们保持联系最好的方式是发电 2.The United Kingdom has a long and interesting 子邮件。 history (explore). I think the best way to my 3.They hope that students will have the opportunity friends is through email. (broaden)their horizons(眼界). 6.为了迎接新年，家家户户都在为团圆饭做 4.Deeply moved by the story,she felt a strong 准备。 desire (help)and care for others every family is 5.Scientists are trying to figure out a way preparing for the reunion dinner. store)sufficient food and water for the long 7.政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来改善 journey. 水质。 6 succeed),we must make good The government encourages farmers to grow corn preparations for the coming football match. instead of rice 7. (realize)his dream of entering a 8.尽管情况艰难，他竭尽所能来帮助当地的 key university,Jack studies harder than ever. 学生。 8.He was disappointed (learn）that his Despite the difficult situation,he did whatever application was refused. he could 9.There were so many people that Lucy had to 9.我校正不遗余力地满足学生对课外活动的 shout and wave so as (notice). 需求。 10.The performance had intended to please the Our school is making every effort audience and draw their attention,only students for activities after class greet)with an embarrassing silence, 10.得知美术馆下个月将举办中国画展览，我写 however. 信申请当一名志愿者。 Ⅱ.完成句子 Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be 1.他因考试不及格深感沮丧。 held at the gallery next month, He is in a state of deep depression because of his 2.我决定利用一切机会练习英语口语。 夯基提能作业 请同学们认真完成练案[14] I decide to employ every opportunityV.-1.Paras.1~5 DABEC 2.B touch with 6.To welcome the New Year 7.to improve water 二、1.D2.D3.B4.C i quality 8.to help the local students 9.to meet the demands of 要点探究 10.I am writing to apply to become a volunteer 核心词汇 Section IlI Listening and Talking, L.①to carry②Determined③determination④is determined to Reading for Writing 5determine to make full use of time 2.①disappointing②to learn③disappointed④We were 自主预习 deeply disappointed to find that the museum was closed. 5She I.1.keen 2.shallow 3.pattern 4.monitor 5.smartphone couldn't hide her disappointment when Tom didn't tum up. 6.resource 7.attach 3.①for②desired③to help④desire you to offer me⑤desireⅡ.1.global globalisation2.argument3.analyse4.regular everyone to live in desire that everyone (should)live in iirregular 5.limitless limit 6.close closely 7.mysterious 4.①out②driving③who carried me through my tough time IlI.1.waste time/money doing sth.2.the solution to doing)sth. 5.Tsignals 2to 3signalled him to come 4a warning signal3.fail to do sth.4.make a difference 5.result in 6.be 6.DLacking 2a 3in 4For lack of enough training,we will transmitted to 7.as a result 8.make efforts to do sth.9.meet have great difficulty in winning the coming match.Lacking the requirements 10.provide for sb.11.at present 12.be close enough training,we will have great difficulty in winning the to 13.in closing 14.run out coming match.As we lack enough training,we will have greatIV.1.whether to Mars or other planets much further away difficulty in winning the coming match. 2.because of which was first created to meet the requirements 7.Dso as to/in order to wake the family up so that/in order that3.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea 4.soas she could see 3so as not to wake to provide new and better solutions 重点句型 V.1.C2.D3.C L.①to join②the first to invent③the first American woman to 要点探究 be awarded 核心词汇 2.Tthat was because that was why The reason why was that l.①into②argument③with④against⑤I argue that we (2 The reason why Jane wouldn't like to go on a picnic today is that should)protect the environment the weather is not good.3This is why he was absent from the ;2.①a②of③in④from⑤results from⑥as a result of competition. :3.①are provided②with③providing④to provide for 随堂达标 ;4.①limited limitless②beyond③learning④be limited to I.1.signal 2.independent 3.desiring 4.procedures 5.launched the classroom 5a limited number of words 6.gravity 7.vehicle 8.agency 9.frontier 10.mental 5.①run after②ran into③run out④run out of⑤run out/ Ⅱ.1.(1)手段(2)严重性2.(1)C(2)D(3)A(4)B give out/be run out of be used up IlI.1.that 2.to enter 3.were achieved 4.disappointed 5.up 6.①to②attached③protecting④attach great importance to 6.independently 7.when 8.signaled 9.experiments their children's education 10.furthering 重点句型 Section II Discovering Useful Structures 1.DDoing eye exercises in break time helps 2persuading such a 语法精讲 person to join us 一，①to complete②to face③to run④to learn 2.①bigger②what③twice bigger than three times as big as 二、①To learn②to know③to find④To tell three times the size of 三、①to find②hitting 随堂达标 语法精练 I.1.shallow 2.global 3.patterns 4.resources 5.analysis I.1.to gain 2.to explore 3.to broaden 4.to help 5.to store 6.monitor 7.otherwise 8.lacking 9.argument 10.limited 6.To succeed7.To realize8.to learn9.to be noticed 10.toⅡ.1.(1)C(2)E(3)A(4)D(5)B2.(1)喜欢的；依恋 be greeted 的（2)监控 II.1.failure to pass the examination 2.to practise my spoken II.1.exploring 2.while 3.helpful 4.difference 5.collected English 3.to be awarded 4.to live independently 5.keep in 6.for 7.Finally 8.to solve 9.a 10.better —187