Unit 4 Section III Listening and Talking-【成才之路·练案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册同步新课程学习指导(人教版)

so as)to keep healthy 5.to go into space 6.to explore space W.语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了两位 身处国际空间站的俄罗斯宇航员与在地面上的俄罗斯国际象棋 大师进行的一场象棋比赛。该场比赛是为了纪念50年前首次 在太空和地球之间进行的象棋比赛。 l.D细节理解题。根据第一段“..in celebration of the first such game half a century ago.”和第三段第一句可知，两名俄罗 斯宇航员在国际空间站上下棋，是为了庆祝50年前的第一场 太空地球棋局。故选D。 2.D细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Ivanishin,.Vaguer and US astronaut Chris Cassidy...astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley'”可知，一共有5名宇航员。故选D。 3.B推理判断题。根据第四段“在莫斯科宇宙航天博物馆下 棋的卡里亚金说，他在比赛中一直很紧张，直到比赛前一天凌 晨4点才入睡。”可知，Karyakin直到凌晨才入睡，说明他非常 紧张，故选B。 4.C标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段可知，本文主 要介绍了两位身处国际空间站的俄罗斯宇航员与在地面上的 俄罗斯国际象棋大师进行的一场象棋比赛。该场比赛是为了 纪念50年前首次在太空和地球之间进行的象棋比赛。故C 选项“一场太空一地球棋局”最符合文章标题。故选C。 V.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了宇宙的 诞生、构成以及对宇宙未来的预测。 1.E上文提到了宇宙包含许多东西，空处是段末句，对上文进 行总结，故E选项“也就是说，宇宙包括空间和其中的一切' 符合语境，故选E。 2.A前句“A galaxy such as our own Milky Way contains billions of stars.”提到银河系包含数十亿颗恒星。后句“Like many stars,the Sun is orbited by planet,comets,and billions of stars and asteroids.”列举出了太阳这颗恒星，故A选项“其中一颗 是太阳”符合语境，A选项中“those”指代前文的“stars'”。故 选A。 3.D前句提到了宇宙以惊人的速度膨胀，后句提到恒星和星系 形成过程漫长，故D选项“然后膨胀变慢了，随着时间的推 移，宇宙冷却了”符合语境，expanded与expansion也是提示 故选D。 4.G上文“One important..They hold different ideas about it." 提到一个尚未得到解答的问题。后文“Others believe that... discovered..”提到了另一些人的看法。因此G选项“有些人认 为地球是宇宙中唯一有智慧生命的行星”符合语境，G选项中 “Some”与下文构成“some..others..”,表示“一些…另 些…”，故选G。 5.F空处是本段的主旨句。根据后文可知，本段主要是关于对 未来宇宙的样子的预测，故F选项“科学家也在试图确定宇宙 的未来可能会是什么样子”符合语境，故选F。 M.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Diana Trujillo作为一名女性，靠着努力和毅力一步步成为美国宇航局 工程师的故事。 1.C考查副词。然而，Diana Trujillo辞职了。前后是转折关 系。Therefore因此：Instead相反：However然而：Moreover而 且。故选C项。 2.B考查名词。她现在是一名工程师，根据后句她领导着一个 2 45人的团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。可知，她现在 是一名工程师。engineer工程师。故选B项。 3.A考查名词。她毫不犹豫地听从了父亲的建议。hesitation 犹豫；caution小心；expectation期待；regret后悔。故选A项。 4.D考查名词。根据前文“her dad offered to send her to Miami, Florida to study...”可知，她父亲提议她去迈阿密学习。 command命令；footstep脚步；request要求；suggestion建议。故 选D项。 5.C考查动词。她在美国生活艰苦，通过做许多家务工作才能 勉强完成学业。look看；pass通过；struggle挣扎；push推动。 故选C项。 6.D考查名词。Tulo的求学之旅绝对不容易，但她从不抱 怨。mission任务；legend传奇，传说；adventure冒险；journey旅 程。故选D项。 7.B考查形容词。接着，Trujillo又经历了另一个改变人生的 时刻。risk-taking冒险的；life-changing改变人生的；long suffering长期受苦的：ever-lasting持久的。故选B项 8.A考查动词。教授的话使她意识到她“离认识一名宇航员 只有一个人的距离”，这一切都激发了Tujo的职业目标。 Realizing意识到；Remembering记得；magining想象；Assuming 假设。故选A项。 9.C考查动词。教授的话使她意识到她“离认识一名宇航员 只有一个人的距离”，这一切都激发了Trujillo的职业目标。 seve服务；train训练；inspire激励；become成为。故选C项。 10.D考查动词。她继续学习空间科学，最终在2007年成为第 一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。started开始； quit停止，离开；postponed推迟；continued继续。故选D项。 11.B考查副词。她继续学习空间科学，最终在2007年成为第 一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。immediately 立即；eventually最终；gradually逐渐地；suddenly突然。故选 B项。 12.C考查动词。但Diana并没有就此止步。她还以身作则， 激励女性在STEM领域从事职业。left离开：succeeded成功： stopped停止；reached到达。故选C项。 l3.A考查动问。根据前文“She also leads by example”可知，她 以身作则，激励女性在STEM领域从事职业。encouraging鼓 励，激励；promising承诺；allowing允许；persuading说服。故 选A项。 14.D考查名词。她自己的故事就是活生生的证据，证明在这 个阻碍之外，整个宇宙的机会都在等待着任何愿意努力工作 以摘到星星的人。memory记忆；symbol象征；warning警告； proof证据。故选D项。 15.B考查动词短语。她自己的故事就是活生生的证据，证明 在这个阻碍之外，整个宇宙的机会都在等待着任何愿意努力 工作以摘到星星的人。stare at盯着；reach for伸出，手已触 到：long for渴望；come after紧跟。故选B项。 练案[15] I.1.argument 2.in 3.Lacking 4.description 5.Keeping 6.to admit 7.of 8.reading 9.to solve 10.to realise II.1.attach great importance to exploring space 2.provide the world with many different benefits 3.are our resources on the earth 3 limited but also they are running out 4.argue against space exploration 5.Exploring space may result in Ⅲ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了航天员 们在国际空间站首次种植辣椒的实验的相关情况。 1.B推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“包装食品储存的时 间越长，失去的维生素C和维生素K等营养物质就越多”可 知，太空站宇航员吃的食物缺少营养。故选B项。 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，Plant Habitat-04是 迄今为止轨道实验室中最复杂的植物实验之一，因为辣椒的 生长时间比之前的实验植物长得多。故选D项。 3.D推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句可知，零重力环境的 一个副作用是宇航员们经常失去一部分味觉和嗅觉，把辣椒 添加到食物中可以让宇航员恢复食欲。故选D项。 4.C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了宇航员们在国 际空间站首次进行种植辣椒实验的相关情况。C项“第一次在太 空种植辣椒”符合文章主旨，适合作本文的标题。故选C项。 Ⅳ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。“天文一号”成功着陆 火星是中国太空技术发展的巨大飞跃。 L.B考查动词。begin开始；fail失败；attempt尝试；succeed成 功。根据“Around50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since1960.”和“Yet”可知，超过一半的火星任务失败 了。故选B。 2.C考查动词。transport运输；discover发现；launch发射；settle 解决。根据下文“The craft landed4 on the surface of the planet on May15,2021.”和常识可知，此处指天问一号的发 射。故选C。 3.A考查形容词。anxious焦急的；aware有意识的；awkward尴 尬的；amazing令人惊讶的。根据上文可知，火星任务失败率 很高，因此在天问一号发射之后，所有人都在焦急地等待它的 进展情况。故选A。 4.B考查副词。suddenly突然地；safely安全地；calmly镇静地； obviously明显地。根据“The news met with both5and celebration in the country.”可知，飞行器安全着陆在火星表面， 举国欢庆。故选B。 5.D考查名词。protest反对：regret后悔：pity遗憾；relief宽慰 根据“The craft landed4 on the surface of the planet”可知 飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰。故选D。 6.C考查动词短语。carry away带走；carry off拿走；carry out实 施；carry on继续。根据“as planned”可知，飞行器的着陆是按 计划实施的。故选C。 7.A考查名词。explorer探索者；applicant申请人；official官 员；editor编辑。根据下一段末的“in exploring outer space'”可 知，飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探索，中国已然 跻身于世界先锋探索者行列。故选A。 &.C考查动词。borrow借；select选择；develop开发；remove开 除。根据“the technologies independently”可知，此次火星着陆 证明中国已经自主发展出了此类技术。故选C。 9.D考查介词。without没有；beyond超过；except除…之外； despite尽管。根据“some failures in exploring outer space”可 知，空后与主句之间有让步关系，尽管太空探索曾遇到失败， 但是敢做敢为的精神还是在科技发展过程中发挥了重大作 用。故选D。 I0.D考查名词。promise承诺；impact影响；invention发明； breakthrough突破。根据“in rocket and space technologies starting from the1960s”可知，中国在火箭和太空技术方面取 得了早期的突破。故选D。 11.B考查动词。become变成；remain仍然是；end结束；start 启动。根据“from the1960 s when”和“largely a backward agricultural country”并结合常识可知，当时中国在很大程度上 仍是一个落后的农业国家。故选B。 I2.D考查副词。根据“the country has made the most of what it had.,move ahead in the aerospace cause'”与前文的“largely a backward agricultural country”可知，前后为转折关系o However然而。故选D。 l3.A考查动词短语。start off启动，开启；cut off切断；get off 下车；put off推迟。根据“China sent Tianhe into space'”和下 文“a series of launches”可知，随着天和核心舱进人太空，中 国开始了一系列建设太空站的发射任务。故选A。 14.B考查动词短语。appeal(to)呼吁，吸引；contribute(to)促 进；respond(to)响应；belong(to)属于。根据“greatly to the peaceful use of outer space”可知，中国的所有这些成就极大地 促进了外太空的和平使用。故选B。 l5.C考查名词。neighbour邻居；friend朋友；partner伙伴； classmate同学。根据“and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future”可知，在火 星任务实施期间，中国已经和其他国家一起合作来探索太 空。故选C。 V. 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了嫦娥5 号飞船的登月情况和任务。 1.carrying考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动 词作定语，cary与其逻辑主语A Long March-5 rocket之间是 逻辑上的主谓关系。故用现在分词形式。 2.wich考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这里是非限制性定语 从句，先行词是整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，应用which 引导。 3.announced考查时态。根据上文的entered可知，要用一般过 去时。故填announced。 4.the考查冠词。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需用定冠词 the限定后面被on the probe修饰的名词engine,表示特指。 5.of考查介词。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查介词，表 示所属关系“…的”意思。故填of。 6.successfully考查副词。修饰动词entered应用副词。 7.is made考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，make 与其逻辑主语Change-5之间是被动关系，且叙述的是一般事 实，主语是先行词Change-.5,故谓语动词用单数形式。故填is made 8.corrections考查名词复数。前面有two修饰，correction是可 数名词，所以这里需用名词的复数形式。 9.expected考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构和意思可知， expect和被修饰词goals是被动关系。故这里用过去分词作 定语。 10.to collect考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动 词不定式作目的状语。 I.参考范文： Space Explorations:Yes or No We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting. Some of us feel it important to research the outer space.Firstly, people can get a better and newer understanding of the outer space through space explorations.Secondly,these explorations can possibly bring new living space for human life. However,others think very differently.They say this kind of exploration is much too costly.Besides,it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work. From my point of view,people should be pioneering and therefore such explorations into outer space are worth trying out. 练案[16] I.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕语言在未来是 如何变化而展开，探讨了人们对此的不同看法，指出地球上的语 言可能会和飞船上的语言有所不同。阅读本文有利于开阔学生 的视野。 1.D段落大意题。根据第二段最后两句可知，第二段主要讲的 是McKenzie和Punske的文章概况。故选D。 2.A猜测短语题。根据第二段以及第三段内容可知，McKenzie 针对第二段中两人的文章中提出的观点，提出了一个新的概 念，因此画线词应意为“提供了一个新概念”。故选A。 3.C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，在宇宙飞船上 的人们由于语言的改变，他们会不太想和地球上的人说话。 故选C。 4.B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文的主要内容应是围绕语 言在未来是如何变化而展开的。故选B。 Ⅱ.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空旅 行在2050年将变得受欢迎，目前日本和美国的各一家公司正在 计划建设太空旅行服务项目。 l.is reported考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句子是描述一般性 事实，应用一般现在时，主语It和动词report之间是被动关 系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动 词用iso 2.is planning考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语now可知， 句子是现在进行时，又因主语为单数名词，故填is planning。 3.height考查名词。结合空前的a可知，空处应用名词height。 4.yg考查动名词。分析句子可知，空处作主语，应用动名词 形式。 5.Although/.Though/While考查让步状语从句。结合句意可 知，前后句之间是转折关系，应用although/though/while引导 让步状语从句，位于句首首字母应大写。 6.cheaper考查形容词比较级。结合句意及空前的much可知， 空处应用形容词比较级。 20 7.an考查冠词。hotel是可数名词，此处泛指“一家不同寻常的酒 店”，应用不定冠词，且unusual发音是以元音音素开头，故填am。 8.neither考查固定短语。neither...nor..既不…也不…， 为固定用法。 9.normally考查副词。此处修饰动词eat应用副词形式。 10.to make考查动词不定式。结合句意可知，此处表示目的， 应用动词不定式作目的状语。 练案[17] I.1.basis 2.ignorant 3.Judging 4.sorts 5.patience 6.a 7.building 8.to have 9.repaired 10.where II.1.was walking on the street when I spotted a wallet 2.On the basis of the telephone number in the wallet 3.with patience 4.who/that help me find my wallet 5.In return Ⅲ. 语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两名患 早期帕金森氏病的人，为了激励更多的帕金森患者和筹集资金， 开始了漫长的骑行。 1.C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Iseman and Redmond were both fit before they were diagnosed with early Parkinson's disease and decided to keep active and push themselves.”可推知，确诊后他俩 都很乐观积极。 2.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Nine out of ten Canadians with Parkinson's are short of support and live in silence and alone.”可知，加拿大的帕金森患者的现状是他们很孤独。 3.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They are being interviewed by local news stations and podcasters along the way,hoping to get the word out and to raise money for research.”可知，他们不断接 受采访是为了为研究筹集资金。 4.D词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“being great for mind, boy,and feelings(对思想、身体和情感都有好处)”可猜测，画 线单词boundless意思为“无限的”，与D项Unlimited“无限制 的”意思一致。 语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了借钱可能对友谊 有害，文章分析了借钱对友谊有害背后的原因并给出了几条建议。 5.D词义猜测题。根据第一段“For loan often loses both itself and friend(因为借款通常有可能既丢了钱又失去了友谊)”及 画线词所在句“But why can lending money be so detrimental to our friendships？(但为什么借钱会对我们的友谊如此 detrimental?)”可知，借钱对友谊可能是有害的，画线词的意思 是harmful。故选D。 6.A推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“当朋友向你借钱的时 候，说‘不’是困难的，但是如果你需要那些钱，拒绝他们可能 是最安全的办法”可推出，作者认为有时候拒绝不是一个坏的 选择。故选A。 7.D推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“首先要弄明白，为什么 借东西给朋友会有不可避免的风险”以及第三句“从心理学 上讲，这是因为借钱的行为改变了力量平衡”可知，作者对原 因和结果进行了解释。故选D。 5练案[15] UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION Section III Listening and Talking,Reading for Writing I.单句语法填空 many fatal 1.Afterwards,we had an argue )with problems. each other about everything. i Ⅲ.阅读理解 2.To be honest,a series of unexpected matters (2025·广州高一检测) resulted our failure. Humans have been living and working on the (lack )enough experience,I don't space station for over 20 years.Their meals are know how to launch such a campaign. packaged,though sometimes astronauts receive 4.We are equipped with the latest facilities and our fresh treats from resupply missions.The longer that inner excitement is beyond packaged food is stored,the more it loses nutrients describe). ! like vitamin C and vitamin K. 5 keep)journals on a daily basis Astronauts have successfully grown 10 contribute to my great progress in English. different crops on the space station since 2015 and 6.In the end I was made (admit)that it had the chance to sample（品尝)each one.The was all my fault. International Space Station hosted a party for 7.He whispered to his mother that he had run outi astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest his money. of the first chili peppers（諫椒)grown in space. 8.Regularly read)classics has The crew finally had a chance to taste the peppers broadened my horizons. after initially kicking off the plant experiment on 9.Sending astronauts into space has helped people the space station in July. to find ways solve)the world's Plant Habitat-04 is one of the most complex problems. plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory to date 10.Others feel this is a shallow view which fails because peppers take much longer to grow than the (realise)how exploring space helps us.previous experiment plants.After growing for four Ⅱ.完成句子 months,the peppers were harvested on Friday. 1.许多人认为探索太空非常重要。 Peppers provide a great source of vitamin C, Many people as well as other key nutrients.Pepper plants self- pollinate（自花授粉)，so they are easy to grow, 2.它可以提供给世界许多不同的益处，例如开发and they are a pick-and-eat crop that doesn't have 新资源。 to be cooked.They are also safe to eat raw. It can A side effect of life in zero gravity is that such as developing new resources. astronauts often lose some of their taste and smell, 3.毕竟，我们地球上的资源不仅有限而且快耗so spicy or well-seasoned foods are a favorite. 尽了。 Adding fresh greens or peppers to the menu allows After all,not only astronauts to liven up their regular meals.And growing and tending to the plants can also produce 4.然而，其他人反对太空探索。 other benefits. However,others Astronauts have described the joy from 5.探索太空也许会导致许多致命的问题。 seeing-as well as smelling and caring for-leafy 164 green plants on the space station that remind them A.The technology. of Earth. B.Growing process. "Growing colorful vegetables in space can C.The varieties of plants. have long-term benefits for physical and D.Growing time required. psychological health,"said Matt Romeyn,3.Which is the most probable reason for adding principal investigator for the experiment."We are peppers to food for astronauts? discovering that growing plants and vegetables with A.Peppers are delicious. colors and smells helps to improve astronauts'well- B.Peppers can improve memory. being.” C.Peppers help prevent diseases. 1.How is the food astronauts eat on the space D.Peppers can recover the taste for food. station? 4.Which of the following could be the best title for A.Always fresh. the text? B.Lack of nutrients. A.The Fun of Growing Chili Peppers in Space C.Never tasty. B.The Agricultural Goal in the Space Mission D.Full of vitamins. C.The First Chili Peppers Grown in Space 2.What makes Plant Habitat-04 one of the most D.The Chili Peppers Used in the Space Mission complex plant experiments? V.完形填空 Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally 1.A.begun B.failed so far since 1960.Yet more than half of them have 1. C.attempted D.succeeded to reach the planet some 55 million kilometers away from 2.A.transported B.discovered the Earth.So after China's Mars probe,Tianwen 1,was C.launched D.settled 2.on July 23,2020,there was an 3.wait for 3.A.anxious B.aware C.awkward D.amazing its progress. 4.A.suddenly B.safely The craft landed 4.on the surface of the planet C.calmly D.obviously on May 15,2021.The news met with both 5.and 5.A.protest B.regret celebration in the country.The landing was 6. C.pity D.relief exactly as planned,which has made China the latest 6.A.carried away B.carried off member of the club of the world's pioneering 7. and C.carried out D.carried on shows that China has 8. the technologies7.A.explorers B.applicants independently. C.officials D.editors It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in 8.A.borrowed B.selected C.developed D.removed China's scientific and technological development in recent decades 9.some failures in exploring outer space. 9.A.without B.beyond C.except D.despite China made its early 10.in rocket and space 10.A.promises B.impacts technologies starting from the 1960s when the country C.inventions D.breakthroughs 11.largely a backward agricultural country.12. 11.A.became B.remained the country has made the most of what it had over the past C.ended D.started more than six decades,making efforts to move ahead in the12.A.Thus B.Therefore aerospace cause. C.Furthermore D.However 一165 In April 2021,China sent Tianhe into space,13.A.starting off B.cutting off 13.a series of launches that finally completed the C.getting off D.putting off building of the space station in 2022 14.A.appealed B.contributed All these achievements have 14. greatly to the C.responded D.belonged peaceful use of outer space.During its Mars mission,China 15.A.neighbours B.friends has worked with European 15. and other countries and C.partners D.classmates will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future. V.语法填空 A Long March-5 rocket,1. (carry)the Chang'e-5 spacecraft,took off from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site on the coast of southern island province of Hainan on November 24,2020. China's Chang'e-5 probe()decelerated and entered the lunar orbit about four days later, 2 completed a vital step on its way to collect and return moon samples,the China National Space Administration (CNSA)3. (announce). After flying about 112 hours from Earth,4. engine on the probe ignited(点火)when it was 400 km away from the surface 5.the moon at 8:58 p.m.and shut down after about 17 minutes,the CNSA said. The probe performed the braking without incident and entered the lunar orbit 6. (successful) according to the real-time monitoring data. Chang'e-5,which7._(make）up of an orbiter,a lander,an ascender(上升器)，anda returner,carried out two orbital 8. correction)during the Earth-Moon transfer,achieving its 9. expect)goals. Afterwards,it would adjust the altitude and inclination()of its orbit around the moon.When the time's appropriate,it would land softly on the near side of the moon 10. (collect)and return samples from the moon as planned. VI.应用文写作 Space Explorations:Yes or No 假定你是李华。你班最近一次班会的主题 是“太空探险的意义”。请你结合下列内容给校 英文报“Voice Your Opinion'”栏目投稿，介绍讨论 的情况并发表你的观点。 些同学赞同：1.获得新知识2.给人类带 来更大的生存空间。 一些同学反对：1.耗资巨大；2.航天员的安 全问题。 你的观点：… 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 166