Unit3语法讲解及习题_一般现在时的被动语态（The passive in the simple present）2025- 2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

沪教（牛津）英语八下Unit3语法讲解及习题 一般现在时的被动语态（The passive in the simple present） 一、语法概念 被动语态用于强调动作的承受者（而非执行者），一般现在时的被动语态表示“现阶段经常性、习惯性的被动动作”。本单元重点学习其基本结构、用法及转换规则。 二、详细用法讲解 1. 基本结构 一般现在时的被动语态由“am/is/are + 动词过去分词（past participle）”构成，需根据主语的人称和数选择对应的be动词： 主语为单数（I）：am + 过去分词 主语为单数（he/she/it/单数名词）：is + 过去分词 主语为复数（we/you/they/复数名词）：are + 过去分词 例句： The story is written before the artist starts to draw.（故事是在艺术家开始绘画前写好的。） Traditional animations are drawn by hand.（传统动画是手工绘制的。） 2. 主动语态与被动语态的转换 主动语态（主语+谓语+宾语）可转换为被动语态，核心是将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”，原主语可通过“by + 原主语”补充（若需强调执行者）。 转换示例： 主动：The artist erases the mistakes.（艺术家擦掉错误。） 被动：The mistakes are erased (by the artist).（错误被（艺术家）擦掉。） 3. 用法场景 一般现在时的被动语态常用于以下情况： 不知道/不必提及动作的执行者； 强调动作的承受者； 描述客观事实、规则或流程（如动画/漫画的制作过程）。 三、习题训练 （一）用所给动词的正确形式（一般现在时被动语态）填空 1. In lianhuanhua, the story ___________ (write) before the artist draws. 2. Basic shapes like circles ___________ (use) a lot in comic design. 3. The characters’ feelings ___________ (show) in eye-catching ways in comics. 4. Angry characters ___________ (give) sharp teeth to show their emotion. 5. A character with black clouds around ___________ (draw) to show fury. 6. Traditional animated films ___________ (not draw) with digital tools. 7. How ___________ (the comic strip / create) in your school? 8. The backgrounds of old animations ___________ (paint) with watercolours. 9. The mistakes in the drawings ___________ (erase) carefully by the artist. 10. Sanmao’s adventures ___________ (still enjoy) by people today. （二）将主动句转换为被动句 请将下列主动句转换为一般现在时的被动句（可省略执行者）。 1. Artists draw each character by hand in traditional animation. → _____________________________________________________________________ 2. We use digital tools to make modern animated films. → _____________________________________________________________________ 3. The artist writes the story first for lianhuanhua. → _____________________________________________________________________ 4. People enjoy Sanmao’s stories all over China. → _____________________________________________________________________ 5. They make the nose and eyes bigger in comic characters. → _____________________________________________________________________ 6. The designer creates the basic ideas for the animated film. → _____________________________________________________________________ 7. We record voices and sound effects after drawing the pictures. → _____________________________________________________________________ 8. The team puts the pictures together as a film. → _____________________________________________________________________ 9. They show the characters’ personalities through the artwork. → _____________________________________________________________________ 10. The writer tells the story in the captions of lianhuanhua. → _____________________________________________________________________ （三）选择正确的选项 1. In modern animation, most characters ___________ by digital tools. A. draw B. are drawn C. is drawn 2. The story ___________ before the artist starts drawing the comic. A. is written B. writes C. are written 3. ___________ the basic shapes ___________ in comic design? A. Do; use B. Is; used C. Are; used 4. Sanmao ___________ by Zhang Leping in 1935, and he ___________ by people now. A. created; is enjoyed B. was created; is enjoyed C. is created; is enjoyed 5. The characters’ feelings ___________ in very eye-catching ways in comics. A. shows B. are shown C. is shown （四）用一般现在时被动语态完成短文 Comic books are popular around the world. In comics, the characters ___________ (1. draw) in a funny way. Sometimes, different parts of the face ___________ (2. make) bigger or smaller to show personalities. Basic shapes like circles ___________ (3. use) a lot because they are easy to draw. The characters’ emotions ___________ (4. express) through their looks—for example, angry characters ___________ (5. give) sharp teeth. （五）翻译句子 将下列句子翻译成英文（需包含一般现在时被动语态）。 1. 连环画是一种传统的中国艺术形式。 _____________________________________________________________________ 2. 传统动画是手工绘制的。 _____________________________________________________________________ 3. 漫画中的角色通常被画得很有趣。 _____________________________________________________________________ 4. 这个故事是在绘画前写好的。 _____________________________________________________________________ 5. 三毛的冒险故事至今仍被人们喜爱。 _____________________________________________________________________ 四、答案及解析 （一）用所给动词的正确形式填空 1. is written（主语the story是单数，用is + written） 2. are used（主语Basic shapes是复数，用are + used） 3. are shown（主语feelings是复数，用are + shown） 4. are given（主语characters是复数，用are + given） 5. is drawn（主语A character是单数，用is + drawn） 6. are not drawn（主语films是复数，否定形式为are not + drawn） 7. is the comic strip created（一般疑问句，主语是单数，be动词提前） 8. are painted（主语backgrounds是复数，用are + painted） 9. are erased（主语mistakes是复数，用are + erased） 10. are still enjoyed（主语adventures是复数，用are + enjoyed） （二）将主动句转换为被动句 1. Each character is drawn by hand in traditional animation. 2. Digital tools are used to make modern animated films. 3. The story is written first for lianhuanhua. 4. Sanmao’s stories are enjoyed all over China. 5. The nose and eyes are made bigger in comic characters. 6. The basic ideas for the animated film are created by the designer. 7. Voices and sound effects are recorded after drawing the pictures. 8. The pictures are put together as a film. 9. The characters’ personalities are shown through the artwork. 10. The story is told in the captions of lianhuanhua. （三）选择正确的选项 1. B（主语characters是复数，被动语态用are drawn） 2. A（主语the story是单数，被动语态用is written） 3. C（主语shapes是复数，一般疑问句用Are + used） 4. B（第一空是一般过去时被动语态，第二空是一般现在时被动语态） 5. B（主语feelings是复数，被动语态用are shown） （四）用一般现在时被动语态完成短文 1. are drawn（主语characters是复数） 2. are made（主语parts是复数） 3. are used（主语shapes是复数） 4. are expressed（主语emotions是复数） 5. are given（主语characters是复数） （五）翻译句子 1. Lianhuanhua is considered a traditional Chinese art form.（被动语态强调“被看作”） 2. Traditional animations are drawn by hand.（被动语态描述制作方式） 3. Characters in comics are usually drawn in an interesting way.（被动语态强调“被画”） 4. The story is written before drawing.（被动语态描述流程） 5. Sanmao’s adventures are still enjoyed by people today.（被动语态强调“被喜爱”） ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $