句法 名词性从句系统讲解-2025-2026学年高考复习高中英语语法知识点全解（北师大版）

高中北师大版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统讲解 语法专版 名词性从句系统讲解 北师大版高中英语语法全解 考频分析 北师大版高中句法中，名词性从句是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷核心 题型：阅读理解（长难句分析）、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(2-4题)、书面表达（复杂句式构 建，提升文章逻辑性与表达丰富度)。在语法填空和书面表达中，连接词的选择、从句语序及时态 呼应往往是得分关键。 考查内容 ·从句类型识别：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的结构特征与功能判断 。连接词选用：that、if/whether、what/who/which等连接词的语法功能与语义匹配 。语序与时态：陈述句语序的严格遵循，主从句时态呼应规则（如主句过去时从句用相应过去时态） 知识点一：名词性从句的定义及分类 1.定义（在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语） ·特点：由连接词引导，用陈述语序 。例句： l.What he said is true.(作主语) 2.Idon't know where she lives.(作宾语) 2.主语从句（在句中充当主语） 。连接词：that(无意义，不可省)、whether(是否)、what/who/.which(表疑问意义) 。例句： l.That the earth is round is known to all.(that引导，后置形式：It is known to all that the earth is round.) 1 高中北师大版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统讲解 2.What you need is more practice.(what引导，在从句中作宾语) 3.宾语从句（在句中充当宾语，常跟在动词、介词后） ·连接词：that(可省、if/whether(是否)、疑问词(what/when/how等) ·例句： l.She said(hat)she would come tomorrow.(动词后that可省) 2.We are talking about whether we should go.(介词后用whether不用if) 4.表语从句（在句中充当表语，位于系动词后） ·连接词：that(不可省)、whether、as if/though(好像)、疑问词 。例句： l.The fact is that he lied to us.(that引导，不可省) 2.It looks as if it is going to rain.(asif引导) 5.同位语从句（解释说明前面名词的内容，常见名词：fact/news/idea/doubt 等) ·连接词：that(不可省，无意义)、whether ·例句： l.I have no doubt that he will succeed.(解释doubt的内容) 2.The news that our team won the game excited us..(解释news的内容) 知识点二：名词性从句分类及用法 1.主语从句（在句中作主语，常位于句首） 1.连接词类型 that(无意义，不可省略)、whether(是否)、what(什么/所…的)、who(谁)、when(何时)、where (何地)、why(为何)、how(如何) 2.基本结构 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分（整个从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数） 3.例句： l.That she will come here tomorrow is certain.(that引导，无意义，不可省略；主句谓语用单数is) 2.What he said made me angry.(what在从句中作said的宾语，意为“他所说的话”) 3.Whether we can succeed depends on our effort.(whether表“是否”，不可用if替换) 高中北师大版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统讲解 2.宾语从句（在句中作动词、介词或形容词的宾语) 1.连接词类型 that(无意义，可省略)、if/whether(是否)、疑问词(what/who/where等，保留疑问意义) 2.时态规则 主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态：主句为一般过去时，从句用相应过去时态（客 观真理除外) 3.语序要求 从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后） 4.例句： 1.I think(hat)she is a good student.(that引导，作think的宾语，可省略) 2.He asked if/whether they would come back soon.(if/whether表“是否”，从句用过去将来时) 3.She is interested in what he is doing now.(what引导，作介词im的宾语；主句一般现在时，从句 现在进行时) 3.表语从句（在句中作系动词的表语，位于be动词、look、seem等系动词后) 1.连接词类型 that（无意义，不可省略)、whether（是否，不可用f)、asif/as though(好像)、疑问词(what/how 等) 2.常见系动词 be(是)、become(成为)、look（看起来)、seem(似乎)、remain(保持) 3.例句： l.The fact is that he has never been to Beijing.(that引导，不可省略，说明fact的内容) 2.This is what I want to say..(what在从句中作宾语，意为“我想说的话”) 3.It seems as if it is going to rain.(asif叼引导，表“好像”，从句用一般现在时表将来) 4.同位语从句（对前面名词（如fact,news,idea等)的内容进行解释说明) 1.先行词特征 常为抽象名词：fact(事实)、news(消息)、idea（想法)truth(真理)、promise(承诺) 2.连接词类型 that(无意义，不可省略，不作成分)、whether（是否) 3.与定语从句的区别 同位语从句中that不作成分，定语从句中that作主语或宾语（可省略） 4.例句： 3 高中北师大版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统讲解 1.The news that our team won the game made us excited.(that解释news的内容，不作成分，不可 省略) 2.I have no idea whether he will come or not.(whether引导，表“是否”，说明idea的内容) 3.The fact that he told a lie surprised ever yone.(此句为定语从句，that作told的宾语，可省略，意 为“他说谎的事实”) 知识点三：名词性从句 1.主语从句 1.基础引导词及用法（中考必背)： 1.that引导（无意义，不充当成分，不可省略）→例句：That he will come tomorrow is certain. 2.whether引导（是否，不可省略)→例句：Whether she can finish the work on time is unknown, 3.what引导（什么，在从句中作主语/宾语/表语）一例句：What he said made us happy 4.who引导（谁，在从句中作主语/宾语）→例句：Who will win the game is not important 5.how引导（如何，在从句中作方式状语）→例句：How we can solve the problem is a big question 2.常用结构（中考常考）： l.It+be+adj.+that从句(it作形式主语)→例句：It is clear that he is right. 2.It+be+n.+that从句→例句：It is a fact that the earth goes around the sun, 2.宾语从句 1.基础引导词及用法（中考核心）： 1.that引导（陈述句，可省略）→例句：I think(that)she is a good student. 2.if/whether引导（一般疑间句，是否）→例句：He asks if we will go to the park tomorrow. 3.what/which/who/whom/whose(连接代词，在从句中作主语/宾语/定语)→例句：Do you know what he wants? 4.when/where/why/how(连接副词，在从句中作状语)→例句：Please tell me where you live. 2.语序及时态（中考易错）： l.陈述语序：叼引导词+主语+谓语→例句：Idon't know where he is going 2.时态一致：主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态→例句：She said she would come back soon, 3.表语从句 1.基础引导词及用法（中考必背）： l.that引导（无意义，不可省略）→例句：The fact is that he failed the exam 高中北师大版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统讲解 2.whether引导（是否）→例句：The question is whether we should go now. 3.what/which/who(连接代词)→例句：My wish is what I can travel around the world. 4.when/where/why/how(连接副词)→例句：That's where I was born. 2.常见句型（中考常考)： l.The reason is that.(原因是…)→例句：The reason for his absence is that he was ill. 2.It seems that.(似乎…)→例句：It seems that it will rain soon. 4.同位语从句 1.基础引导词及用法（中考了解）： 1.that引导（解释说明先行词，不可省略）→例句：The news that our team won the game made us excited. 2.whether引导（是否）→例句：There is some doubt whether he will come. 2.常见先行词（中考拓展）： l.news/idea/fact/hope/question→例句：I have no idea whether he will agree with us. 考法精析 考法一：名词性从句连接词的选择 核心：根据从句类型（主语/宾语/表语/同位语从句）及语境含义（陈述/疑问/是否），选择正确的连 接词(that/whether/what等) 真题1（语法填空）： It is a factEnglish is widely used as an international language. 答案：that 解析：本句为主语从句，t作形式主语，真正主语为从句部分。从句内容为陈述事实（无疑问含 义)，故用hat引导，且不可省略。 真题2（完形填空）： She asked me I had finished my homework. A.that B.if C.what D.which 答案：B 解析：本句为宾语从句，从句表“是否”含义，且位于及物动词asked后，可用f或whether引导： 选项中无whether,故选择if。 考法二：连接词选择与从句类型匹配 高中北师大版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统讲解 核心：根据从句在句中的功能（主语、宾语、表语、同位语）及语义需求，选择正确的连接词 (that/whether/what等) 真题1（语法填空)： he will attend the meeting tomorrow is still unknown.（主语从句表'是否”) 答案：Whether 解析：主语从句中表”是否”含义时只能用whether,不能用if,句首首字母大写。 真题2（完形填空）： The teacher asked us_we had finished our homework.(动词后宾语从句表”是否') A.that B.if C.what D.which 答案：B 解析：动词asked后接宾语从句，表”是否”含义且位于动词后，可用if或whether,选项中只有f 符合。 考法三：名词性从句综合辨析与纠错 核心：结合连接词选用、语序规则及常见错误修正，判断不同类型名词性从句的语法正确性 真题1（单项选择)： The news_our team won the game made everyone excited. A.that B.what C.which D.if 答案：A 解析：此处为同位语从句，解释说明先行词'news”的内容，连接词需用that且不可省略，that 在从句中不作成分。wht需在从句中作成分，which用于定语从句，if不可引导同位语从句，故选A。 真题2（语法填空）： I don't know_(whether/if)he will come tomorrow.It depends on his work. 答案：whether 解析：空格处引导宾语从句表示”是否”，虽if和whether均可引导，但句末有or not时通常用whether,. 此处虽无or not,但作为正式语法填空，whether比if更符合规范，故填whether。 解题小妙招 名词性从句妙招 从句类型先判定，主宾表同要分明： 陈述用that无意义，是否含义whether/if: 主语从句表是否，只能用whether不能f: 动词之后宾从表是否，if/whether均可使； 6 高中北师大版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统讲解 连接词要辨成分，不缺成分用that/whether/if,缺成分用what/which等。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.the team will win the championship depends on their performance in the final. A That B If C Whether D What 2.She hasn't decidedto take part in the competition or not. A if B whether C that D what 3.The fact_he missed the train surprised everyone. A which B what C that D if 4.I have no idea-the meeting will start. A when B that C if D which 5.is important is that we should keep calm in danger. A That B What C Whether D If 6.The teacher suggestedwe (should)practice speaking English every day. A if B what C that D whether 7.It is uncertain he will arrive on time. A that B if C whether D what 8.We are talking about-we should change our plan A if B whether C that D what 9.The news_our school won the first prize made us excited. A which B what C if D that 10.-you said at the meeting yesterday was quite reasonable. A That B What C Whether D If 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.It is necessary-we (should)finish the work before Friday. 2.I wonder_she will come to the party tomorrow. 3.The question is_we can solve the problem in such a short time 4.There is no doubt he will pass the exam. 5.he will go abroad for further study is still a secret. 6.She asked me I had seen her keys. 7 高中北师大版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统讲解 7.The ideawe should hold a charity sale is very good. 8.matters most is your attitude towards life 9.He is thinking about_to accept the job offer. 10.The fact the earth goes around the sun is known to all. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） 1.Scientists have long debatedanimals can feel emotions like humans.Recent studies suggest_some animals,such as dogs and elephants,show signs of empathy ()For example,a dog may comfort its owner when they are sad,which indicates it understands human feelings. 2.However,there is still doubt_all animals have this ability.Some researchers argue_the behavior of animals might be just a reaction to stimuli ()not true emotion.will win this debate remains unclear, but one thing is certain:_we treat animals reflects our own humanity. 3.A famous biologist once said,"The question is not_animals think,but_they suffer."This statement highlightsthe focus should be on reducing animal pain rather than only discussing their cognitive abilities. 参考答案 演练-：1.C2.B3.C4.A5.B6.C7.C8B9.D10B 1.that 2.if/whether 3.whether 4.that 5.Whether 6.if/whether 7.that 8.What 9.whether 10.that 演练三：1.whether2.that3.that4.that5.that6.Who7.how8.whether9.whether10.that 8