Unit 3 Discover and Innovation2-2025-2026学年高中英语选修三语法知识点全解（重大版）

高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】强调句与非谓语动词综合应用 语法专项突破 考频分析 重庆大学版选择性必修第三册中，Unit3 Discover and Innovation相关语法是重点语法模块，考频占 本单元语法总量的25%左右，贯穿试卷核心题型：单项选择3-4题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空2-3 题、阅读理解（涉及长难句分析）。在语境应用类题目中，该单元语法的时态呼应、非谓语动词形 式及固定搭配往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。强调句变式：考频占语法总量的5%左右，主要分布在以下题型中：单项选择1题、语法填空1题、 短文改错1题。在语法填空中常结合连接词（如that/who)的选用及句式结构转换进行考查，单项 选择多通过句式识别与改写形式出题。 知识点一：强调句变式 高中英语对强调句变式的考察聚焦三大维度 1.基本结构识别： ·It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分的基本框架 。被强调部分为人时that与who的替换规则 2.特殊句式转换： ·强调句与陈述句的转换 。对不同句子成分（主语、宾语、状语等）的强调方法 3.疑问形式运用： 。强调句的一般疑问句(Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who.…)结构 。特殊疑问句（特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/who.)的结构与回答 1 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 知识点二：非谓语动词 1.动词不定式(todo)(表目的、将来、未完成) 1.基本结构：to+动词原形（否定形式：not to+动词原形） 2.功能及例句： ●作主语：To learn English well is important..(学好英语很重要。) 。作宾语：She wants to buy a new book.（她想买一本新书。) 。作目的状语：He came here to see his friend..(他来这儿是为了看他的朋友。) ·作宾语补足语：My mother asked me to clean the room.(妈妈让我打扫房间。) 2.动名词(doing)(表主动、习惯、抽象概念) 1.基本结构：动词原形+ing 2.功能及例句： ·作主语：Swimming is good for health.(游泳对健康有好处。) ·作宾语：He enjoys playing basketball.(他喜欢打篮球。) ·作定语：There is a swimming pool in our school..(我们学校有一个游泳池。) ·作表语：Her hobby is singing.(她的爱好是唱歌。) 3.分词 1.现在分词(doing)(表主动、进行) 。结构：动词原形+ing ·功能及例句： 1.作定语：The running boy is my brother..(正在跑步的男孩是我的弟弟。) 2.作表语：The film is interesting.(这部电影很有趣。) 3.作伴随状语：He sat there,.reading a newspaper.（他坐在那儿，读着报纸。) 2.过去分词(done)(表被动、完成) ·结构：动词过去分词 ·功能及例句： 1.作定语：The broken window was repaired yesterday..(被打破的窗户昨天修好了。) 2.作表语：I am interested in English.(我对英语感兴趣。) 3.作宾语补足语：I heard the song sung in English.(我听到这首歌被用英语唱。) 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 知识点三：非谓语动词搭配 1.tod0（不定式) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。plan to do(计划做)→例句：She plans to visit her grandparents this weekend. ·hope to do(希望做)→例句：We hope to win the English competition.. 。try to do(努力做)→例句：He tries to finish his homework on time. 。learn to do(学习做)一例句：The child learns to play the piano. 。want to do(想要做)→例句：They want to go to the park tomorrow. 。decide to do(决定做)→例句：I decide to study harder next term 。ask sb.todo(要求某人做)→例句：The teacher asks us to read English every morning. 。tell sb.todo(告诉某人做)→例句：My mother tells me to go to bed early. 。advise sb.todo(建议某人做)→例句：The doctor advises him to exercise more. 。need to do(需要做)→例句：We need to buy some vegetables. 2.特殊结构搭配（中考易错）： ·It's+adj.+todo(做某事是…的)→例句：It's important to learn English well. 。too+adj.+todo（太…而不能做)→例句：He is too young to drive a car. ·enough+adj.+todo(足够…去做)→例句：She is old enough to go to school. 2.doing（动名词/现在分词) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： ·enjoy doing（喜欢做)→例句：They enjoy playing basketball after school ●finish doing(完成做)→例句：I finish doing my homework at8p.m. ·be good at doing(擅长做)→例句：She is good at singing English songs. 。be interested in doing(对…感兴趣)→例句：He is interested in reading science books ·keep doing(持续做)→例句：The rain keeps falling all day. ●practice doing(练习做)→例句：We practice speaking English every class. ·mind doing(介意做)→例句：Do you mind opening the window? ·avoid doing(避免做)→例句：He tries to avoid making mistakes. ●suggest doing(建议做)一例句：The teacher suggests having a class meeting ·spend time doing(花费时间做)→例句：I spend two hours doing my homework every day. 2.固定短语搭配（中考常考)： 3 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 ·look forward to doing(期待做)→例句：We look forward to meeting you soon. ·give up doing(放弃做)→例句：He gives up smoking for his health ●be used to doing(习惯做)→例句：She is used to getting up early. 3.do(动词原形) 1.使役动词+do(中考核心)： 。let sb.do(让某人做)例句：Let him help you with the work, 。make sb.do(使某人做)→例句：The story makes us laugh 。have sb.do(让某人做)→例句：My father has me clean the room. 2.感官动词+do(中考易错)： 。see sb.do(看见某人做某事全过程)→例句：I see her walk to school every day. ●hear sb.do(听见某人做某事全过程)→例句：We hear him sing in the next room. 。watch sb.do(观看某人做某事全过程)一例句：They watch the children play games. 。notice sb.do(注意到某人做某事全过程)→例句：She notices the boy run past the door. 考法精析 考法一：强调句的特殊时态与被动语态 1.强调句的时态变化规则 ·基本时态对应：强调句的be动词(is/was)需与原句谓语动词时态一致：原句为现在时/将来时 用is:原句为过去时用was l.例句：It is she who often helps others.(原句一般现在时) 2.例句：It was yesterday that they arrived here.(原句一般过去时) 。完成时强调结构：被强调部分含完成时标志（如for+时间段）时，保持原时态：Itis/has been+ 被强调部分+that+现在完成时主句。 l.例句：It is for ten years that we have lived here.(原句：We have lived here for ten years..) 2.强调句的被动语态构建 ·基本结构： 1.主动句强调句：It is/was+主动语态被强调部分+that/who+主动谓语 2.被动句强调句：It is/was+被动语态被强调部分（主语）+that/who+被动谓语(by+动作 执行者) 3.例句对比（主动强调）：It was Tom who broke the window. 4 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 4.(被动强调)：It was the window that was broken by Tom. ·特殊被动强调：强调动作执行者时，用by叶人”作被强调部分：It was by Tom that the window was broken 3.强调句与情态动词结合 。基本模式：情态动词需置于被强调部分后、主句谓语前，结构为'It is/was+被强调部分+that+ 情态动词+动词原形”。 l.例句：It is you that must finish the task first.（强调主语you,情态动词must置于主句) ·疑问式结合：特殊疑问句中情态动词位置：疑问词+is/was it+hat+情态动词+主语+动词原 形？ l.例句：Why is it that you should leave early? 4.强调句的倒装强调形式 ◆否定词置于句首时：将否定副词(never/seldom/rarely)置于被强调部分，构成部分倒装：Itisnever too late that you can learn..(强调never too late,原句：You can never learn too late.) 。only叶状语强调：Only+时间/方式状语置于被强调部分时，主句需部分倒装：It is onlyby working hard that can you succeed.(强调方式状语by working hard) 考法二：强调句基本结构及引导词选择 核心：根据被强调部分的性质（人/物/状语）和句子时态，正确使用强调句结构(It is/was..that/who) 及引导词 真题1（语法填空)： It was Maryhelped me finish my homework yesterday. 答案：who/that 解析：被强调部分为“May”(人)，强调句结构为It was+被强调部分+who/that+其他，故填who 或that。 真题2（单项选择）： -is in the park_we will have a picnic tomorrow. A.It;that B.That;where C.This;which D.There;when 答案：A 解析：根据句意“我们明天将在公园野餐”，此处为强调地点状语“in the park”的强调句，基本结 构为Itis+被强调部分+that+其他，故第一空填It,第二空填that。 考法三：强调句与非谓语动词的综合应用 核心：结合强调句结构识别非谓语动词在被强调部分或其他成分中的功能，掌握强调句基本框架与 非谓语动词形式（不定式、动名词、分词）的搭配规则 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 真题1（单项选择)： It was-the project on time that made the manager satisfied. A.finish B.finishing C.to finish D.finished 答案：B 解析：被强调部分为句子主语，需用动名词作主语（表抽象概念），强调句结构为“tws+被强调 部分（动名词短语）+that.”,原句为“Finishing the project on time made the manager satisfied.” 真题2（语法填空）： It was in the lab-(equip)with modern instruments that they carried out the experiment. 答案：equipped 解析：被强调部分为地点状语“in the lab”,lab后需用过去分词作定语表被动(“被装备”)，强调 句结构为“It was+被强调部分（含分词定语的名词短语）+that.”,原句为“They carried out the experiment in the lab equipped with modern instruments. 解题小妙招 考法三：强调句嵌套复杂结构与易混句型综合辨析 核心：结合被动语态、从句嵌套及否定转移，区分强调句与状语从句定语从句的语法功能差异 真题1（单项选择)： It was not until she(tell)the truth that she realized she(cheat) A.was told;had been cheated B.told;cheated C.was told;was cheated D.told;had cheated 答案：A 解析：第一空考查被动语态，she与tell构成被动关系，且动作发生在realized之前，用一般过去时 被动语态was told:第二空强调“被欺骗”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，用过去完成时被动语态 had been cheated。.本句为not.until..结构的强调句，否定转移至until短语，被强调部分包含被动 语态的时间状语从句。 真题2（语法填空)： It is_(exact)what he promised but never_(do)that makes us disappointed. 答案：exactly,did 解析：第一空用副词exactly修饰表语从句：第二空考查强调句嵌套分裂句用法，被强调部分为“what he promised but never did”,其中“did”替代前文promised的动作，构成“主语+did+动词原形”的 分裂结构，与强调句框架“Itis.that.”结合，强调从句内容与实际行动的对比。 强调句解题妙招 基本结构看强调，人用who物that: 状语部分也可强，that一统无商量： 区分句型有方法，去itbe和hat, 6 高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 剩余部分成句子，强调句成没跑啦： 若是不成完整句，状语定语细排查： 嵌套结构莫慌张，先找主干再开花： 被动否定和转移，时态语态要匹配： not until需注意，主从时态先后排： 副词修饰要牢记，动词形式看替代： 综合辨析多练习，语法填空单选拿下它。 7