内容正文:
高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
寒假专版
Unit 1 Choice and Decision
语法专项突破
考频分析
重庆大学版选择性必修第三册中,Unit1 Choice and Decision的语法是重点语法模块,考频占该单
元语法总量的15%左右,贯穿试卷核心题型:单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空
(1-2题)、书面表达(核心考察,直接影响语境表达与逻辑连贯性)。在语境理解类题目中,该语法
的语用功能及语境辨析往往是解题关键。
考查内容
。非谓语动词(不定式/分词作状语区别):考频占语法总量的15%左右,贯穿试卷多个核心题型:单
项选择1-2题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达核心考察,直接影响句子表达的逻辑
性与丰富性。
。情态动词:多种情态动词的用法、否定式与疑问式,以及表推测的用法。
知识点一:非谓语动词(不定式/分词作状语区别)
1.句法功能差异
1.不定式作状语:
。目的状语:To catch the early bus,.he got up at6am.
。结果状语(意外):He woke up to find everyone gone,.
。原因状语(表情感):I'm glad to see you.
2.分词作状语:
。现在分词表主动:Seeing the teacher,,the students stopped talking,
·过去分词表被动:Seen from the hill,the city looks beautiful.
·时间/原因/条件/让步状语:Having finished homework,he went out.(时间)
2.逻辑主语一致性
高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
1.不定式:
●主动关系:He came to help us.he主动帮助)
。被动关系:The book is easy to understand.(书被理解)
2.分词:
。现在分词表主动/进行:The girl singing is my sister,
。过去分词表被动/完成:The window broken yesterday is fixed..
3.特殊结构与固定搭配
1.only to do:He hurried to the station only to find the train left.
2.垂悬分词错误:Walking in the park,the flowers are beautiful..(错误)
3.独立主格结构:Weather permitting,.we'll go hiking.
知识点二:常见情态动词的用法
1.can/could(能力、许可、可能性)
1.基本含义:
。ca:现在能力/许可/理论可能性
。could:过去能力/委婉请求/较小可能性
2.结构:
。肯定:主语+can/could+动词原形
●否定:主语+can't/couldn't+动词原形
3.例句:
She can speak three languages.
Could you pass me the pen?
It can't be true.
2.nay/might(许可、可能性)
1.基本含义:
·may:许可/可能性
·might:较小可能性/过去许可
2.结构:
2
高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
。肯定/疑问:主语+may/might+动词原形
●否定:主语+may not/might not+动词原形
3.例句:
You may leave the classroom now.
It might rain tomorrow.
3.must/have to(必须、义务)
1.基本含义:
。must:主观必须/肯定推测
·have to:客观需要(有人称/时态变化)
2.结构:
·肯定:主语+must/have to+动词原形
·否定:mustn't(禁止)/don't have to(不必)
3.例句:
●Ve must study hard.
You mustn't park here.
知识点三:情态动词
1.基础含义及用法
1.核心情态动词:
.can:I can speak English and Chinese.
may:May I borrow your pen?
must:You must wear a seatbelt.
should:We should help each other.
2.否定式与疑问式
1.结构对比:
●can→can't:Ican't swim across the river.
●must→nustn't:You mustr't park here.
should-shouldn't:You shouldn't eat too much candy.
3
高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
3.情态动词表推测
1.推测用法:
。must(肯定):He must be at home.
。may/might(可能):It may rain tomorrow.
●can't(否定):She can'tbel0 years old.
解题小妙招
非谓作状看逻辑,目的要用不定式:主动doing被动done,分词作状看主从。
名词性从句辨类型,连接词选用看成分:缺主宾表用what,陈述用that疑问whether。
非谓作定分时段,现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成:不定式作定表将来,动宾关系要记牢。
综合辨析先拆分,非谓主从各判断:逻辑关系是核心,连接词选用靠成分。
考法精析
考法一:非谓语动词作定语辨析
核心区别:
。分词作定语:表正在进行/已完成(a running dog/the fallen leaves)
·不定式作定语:表将来动作(homework to do/a meeting to be held)
真题对比:
·The meeting being held now is important.(现在分词,正在进行)
·The meeting to be held tomorrow is important.(不定式,将来)
考法二:非谓语动词作状语辨析
真题1(语法填空):
-(improve)his spoken English,he practices speaking with foreigners every day.
答案:To improve
解析:此处表目的”为了提升”,不定式作目的状语
真题2(单项选择):
by the teacher's words,the students decided to study harder
A.Encouraging B.Encouraged C.To encourage D.Encourage
答案:B
解析:过去分词表被动(学生被鼓励)
高中选择性必修第三册重庆大学版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
考法三:综合应用
真题1(单项选择):
-the project on time,we_ask for help,but the problem is_we can find enough volunteers.
A.To finish;must;that B.Finishing;might;if
C.Finish;should;whether D.To finish;may,whether
答案:D
解析:不定式表目的(To finish),may表可能性,whether引导表语从句
真题2(语法填空):
The teacher suggested_(hold)a debate,but we are not sure_we can prepare it well.Some students think
we needn't_(worry)because weget help from our monitor.
答案:holding;whether,:wory,can
解析:suggest后接动名词(holding),whether引导宾语从句,needn't后接动词原形(woy),can表
能力