动词短语系统复习-2025-2026学年高中英语语法复习（译林版）

高中译林版 【语法复习】 动词短语系统复习 语法专项 【专题】译林版高中英语动词短语系统复习 语法系统复习 考频分析 译林版高中语法复习中，动词短语是重点语法模块，考频占语法复习总量的25%左右，贯穿试卷 所有核心题型：单项选择3-4题、完形填空4-5题、语法填空3-4题、书面表达核心考察，直接影 响句子表达的地道性与准确性。在语境理解类题目中，动词短语的固定搭配、语义辨析及语境应用 往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·动词短语分类与词义辨析：动词+副词（如give up,put off)、动词+介词（如look for,,depend on)、 动词+副词+介词（如come up with,look forward to)的语义区分与选用 ·动词短语时态与语态结合：在不同时态（如一般过去时、现在完成时）中的运用，以及被动语态下 的结构变化（如take care of变为be taken care of) ·动词短语语境应用与固定搭配：在完形填空、阅读理解中的情境理解，以及与名词、形容词、介词 等构成的固定搭配（如make use of,.pay attention to) 知识点一：动词短语的构成及分类 1.动词+介词（固定搭配，后接宾语） 1.常见短语：look for(寻找)、listen to(听)、depend on(依靠) 2.例句： ·She is looking for her lost keys..(for为介词，后接名词作宾语) ·You should listen to your parents'advice.(to为介词，后接名词短语作宾语) 2.动词+副词（副词可表动作程度/方向，宾语位置灵活） 1.常见短语：put on（穿上)、take off(脱下)、turn up(调大音量) 2.例句： 1 高中译林版 【语法复习】 动词短语系统复习 ·He put on his coat quickly.(宾语为名词时可置于副词后) ●Please turn it up.(宾语为代词时必须置于动词和副词之间) 3.动词+名词+介词（三词固定搭配，名词不可替换） 1.常见短语：make use of(利用)、pay attention to(注意)、take care of(照顾) 2.例句： ·We should make good use of our time.(use为名词核心，of后接宾语) ·You must pay attention to your pronunciation.(attention为名词核心，to后接宾语) 4.动词+副词+介词（副词+介词构成复合介词，后接宾语） 1.常见短语：catch up with(赶上)、look forward to(期待)、get along with(与…相处) 2.例句 ●He ran fast to catch up with his friends.(with后接名词作宾语) ·I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.(to为介词，后接动名词作宾语) 知识点二：常用动词短语分类及用法 1.动词+介词（固定搭配，后接名词/代词作宾语） 1.表示”查找、寻找”： ●look for(寻找)：He is looking for his lost keys. ●search for(搜寻)：The police searched for the thief all night. 2.表示”照顾、照料”： ·look after(照顾)：She looks after her sick mother every day. 。take care of(照料)：We should take care of our pets. 3.表示”等待、盼望”： 。wait for(等待)：I will wait for you at the school gate. ●look forward to(盼望，to为介词，后接doing):We are looking forward to visiting Beijing. 2.动词+副词（代词作宾语需放中间，名词可放中间或后面) 1.表示”打开、关闭”： 。turn on(打开)：Please turn on the light./Turn it on. 高中译林版 【语法复习】 动词短语系统复习 。turn off(关闭)：Don't forget to turn off the TV./Turn off the radio. 2.表示”穿上、脱下”： 。put on(穿上)：She put on her coat and went out../Put it on quickly. ●take off(脱下)：Ie took off his shoes before entering the room./Take off your hat. 3.表示”捡起、放下”： ·pick up(捡起)：The boy picked up the apple from the ground../Pick it up. ·put down(放下)：Please put down your books./Put down the heavy box. 3.动词+名词+介词（固定短语，名词不可替换） 1.表示”注意、当心”： ·pay attention to(注意，to为介词)：Students must pay attention to the teacher in class. ·take care of(照顾)：Take good care of your little sister. 2.表示”利用、放弃”： 。make use of(利用)：We should make good use of time. ●give up(放弃，up为副词，宾语为代词时放中间)：Never give up your dreams./He gave it up at last. 4.动词+副词+介词（三词固定搭配，后接宾语） 1.表示”相处、进展”： ●get on with(与…相处；进展)：She gets on well with her classmates./How are you getting on with your study? 。look forward to(盼望)：I'm looking forward to seeing you soon. 2.表示”坚持、发生”： ·keep up with(跟上)：You must keep up with the others in the race. 。come up with(想出，提出)：He came up with a good idea. 知识点三：动词短语辨析与固定搭配 1.动词+介词/副词构成的短语（中考高频) 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。look for(寻找)→例句：I'm looking for my lost key:. 3 高中译林版 【语法复习】 动词短语系统复习 ·take off(脱下；起飞)→例句：He takes off his coat when entering the room. ·put on(穿上)→例句：Please put on your sweater,:it's cold outside. ●get up(起床)→例句：She gets up at6:30 every morning. 。turn on(打开)→例句：Can you turn on the light?? 。turn off(关闭)→例句：Don't forget to turn off the TV. ·pick up(捡起；接某人)→例句：He picks up the book from the floor, ·give up(放弃)→例句：Never give up your dreams. ·put away(收拾)一→例句：Please put away your toys after playing. 。take care of(照顾)→例句：She takes care of her little brother. 2.动词+名词+介词构成的短语（中考常考） 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： ●make a decision to do(决定做)一→例句：She makes a decision to study abroad, ·pay attention to(注意)→例句：You should pay attention to your pronunciation. 。take part in(参加)→例句：We take part in the school sports meeting, ●have a good time doing(做某事开心)→例句：They have a good time playing games. 。make fun of(嘲笑)→例句：It's not polite to make fun of others.. 。take care of(照倾)→例句：My mother takes care of my grandparents. ·catch up with（赶上)→例句：He tries to catch up with his classmates. ·get ready for（为…做准备)→例句：We get ready for the exam. 3.动词短语的及物与不及物辨析（中考易错) 1.及物短语（需接宾语)： ·agree with(同意某人)→例句：I agree with you on this plan 。depend on(依靠)→例句：We depend on our parents when we are young 2.不及物短语（不接宾语或需加介词)： 。come true(实现)→例句：His dream comes true finally ·get up(起床)→例句：He gets up early every day 。look out(小心)→例句：Look out!There's a car coming. 考法精析 考法一：定语从句引导词选择 4 高中译林版 【语法复习】 动词短语系统复习 核心：根据先行词性质及从句中所作成分，选择合适的关系代词或关系副词 真题1（语法填空）： The girl_is talking with our teacher is my best friend. 答案：who/hat 解析：先行词为”the girl”(指人)，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。 真题2（单项选择)： This is the cityI was born A where B which C when D whose 答案：A 解析：先行词为'the city”(指地点)，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。 考法二：动词短语与定语从句融合 核心：识别动词短语在定语从句中的搭配及宾语位置，结合关系代词副词的用法判断语法正确性 真题1（语法填空）： The boy-we are looking for is good at playing basketball. 答案：who/whom/that 解析：先行词为the boy(指人)，在定语从句中作介词for的宾语，故可用关系代词who/whom/hat, 且均可省略。 真题2（完形填空)： This is the hospitalmy grandmother was taken care of last year. A.which B.where C.when D.whose 答案：B 解析：先行词为hospital(地点)，定语从句中”take care of'后已有宾语my grandmother,故空格处 需用关系副词where作地点状语。 考法三：动词短语与被动语态结合及时态呼应 核心：识别动词短语结构（如动词+介词、动词+副词+介词），结合时态判断被动语态的正确形 式，注意短语中固定搭配的完整性。 真题1（单项选择）： Our classroom_every day to keep it clean. A.is cleaned up B.cleans up C.cleaned up D.was cleaned up 答案：A 解析：主语'our classroom”是动作”clean up”的承受者，需用被动语态：由时间标志词'every day 5 高中译林版 【语法复习】 动词短语系统复习 可知，用一般现在时被动语态，结构为”am/is/are+过去分词'，”clean up”为动词+副词短语，被 动语态中副词up需保留。 真题2（语法填空)： A new park_(look forward to)by the local people.They hope it will open next month. 答案：is looked forward to 解析：主语'a new park''是动作'look forward to”的承受者，用被动语态；由后句hope it will open'” 可知当前处于期待状态，用一般现在时被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用is,短语”look forward to'” 为固定搭配，被动语态中to不可省略。 解题小妙招 定语从句妙招 先行词是人作主语，who或hat来引导： 先行词是地点作状语，where副词不能少： 动词短语有宾语，关系副词来帮忙： 先行词作介词宾，who whom that可省略： 现在完成被动态，have has been加done; 综合应用看标志，时态语态要分明。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.This is the park-we had a picnic last Sunday. A.which B.where C.when D.whose 2.The book_cover is red was written by my favorite author. A.which B.where C.whose D.who 3.I still remember the dayI first met my English teacher. A.which B.when C.where D.how 4.The girlis wearing a blue dress won the singing competition. A.which B.whom C.who D.whose 5.This is the dictionarymy father bought for me last month. A.when B.where C.which D.whose 6.The project_we are looking forward to_by the end of next year. A.will complete B.will be completed C.has completed D.has been completed 7.The old house_my grandparents lived in for 50 years_down last week. A.which;pulled B.where;was pulled C.which;was pulled D.where;pulled 6 高中译林版 【语法复习】 动词短语系统复习 8.He is the student the teacher often depends on to help others. A.who B.which C.when D.where 9.The letters_in the drawer for over ten yearsby my mother yesterday. A.kept;found B.have kept;were found C.have been kept;found D.have been kept;were found 10.This is the school_my brother was taken care of when he was ill. A.which B.where C.when D.whose 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The man_(stand)at the door is our new neighbor. 2.This is the factorymy father used to work. 3.I have a friendfather is a famous doctor. 4.The film-we saw last night was very interesting. 5.The reason_he was late for school is that he missed the bus. 6.The photos-(take)in the park yesterday are very beautiful. 7.The children_we are looking after are from the countryside. 8.This is the first time I(visit)the Great Wall. 9.The work_(complete)so far,so we can have a rest now. 10.The story-my grandfather told me last night was about his childhood. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) Dear Tom, I'm writing to tell you about a special experience I had last week.I visited a museum_(show)traditional Chinese culture.The museum,_was built in 1950,has a history of over 70 years.There,I saw many old objects-(keep)in glass cases.One of the most interesting things was a ancient vase-neck was decorated with dragons. The guide_we followed explained that the vase_(make)during the Ming Dynasty.She also told us a story about a farmer_found the vase in his field 20 years ago.Since then,the vase_(take)good care of by the museum workers. I was deeply impressed by the museum.It's a place_I leamned a lot about Chinese history.I hope you can visit it too when you come to China.I'm looking forward to-(see)you soon! Best wishes, Li Hua 7 高中译林版 【语法复习】 动词短语系统复习 答案区 演练-：1.B2.C3B4.C5.C6B7.C8.A9.D10B 1.standing 2.where 3.whose 4.which/that 5.why 6.taken 7.whom/who/that 8.have visited 9.has been completed 10.which/that 1.showing 2.which 3.kept 4.whose 5.whom/who/that 6.was made 7.who/that 8.has been taken 9.where 10.seeing