名词性从句系统复习-2025-2026学年高中英语语法复习（译林版）

高中译林版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统复习 语法专版 【专题】名词性从句系统复习 高中语法专项突破 考频分析 初三译林版中，名词性从句是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，分布在试卷多个核心 题型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(2-3题)、阅读理解（长难句分析关键）。 在语法应用类题目中，连接词的选择、从句语序及与主句的逻辑关系往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·从句类型识别：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的引导词(that、whether、f、连接代 词、连接副词)选择与功能区分 ·语序与时态：陈述语序的严格遵循，主从句时态呼应规则（如主句为过去时，从句常用相应过去时 态) 。特殊用法：t作形式主语/形式宾语的替代结构，同位语从句与定语从句的辨析，宾语从句否定转移 现象 知识点一：名词性从句的分类及引导词 1.主语从句（在句中作主语，位于句首或用t作形式主语） 1.常见引导词：that(无意义，不充当成分)、whether(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which/whose)、连 接副词(when/where/why/how) 2.例句： ·What he said is true.(what在从句中作宾语，引导主语从句) ·It is important that we study hard.(it作形式主语，hat引导真正主语从句) 2.宾语从句（在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语） 1.常见引导词：that(可省略)、if/whether(是否)、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词(when/where/why/how) 2.例句： 高中译林版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统复习 。Idon't know if he will come tomorrow.(if引导宾语从句，表“是否”) ●She asked me where I bought the book.(where在从句中作地点状语，引导宾语从句) 3.表语从句（在句中作系动词后的表语) 1.常见引导词：that(不可省略)、whether、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词(when/where/why/how)、 asif/as though(好像) 2.例句 ·The problem is how we can solve it.(how在从句中作方式状语，引导表语从句) ·My hope is that I can pass the exam.(that引导表语从句，无意义不充当成分) 4.同位语从句（解释说明名词的内容，常位于抽象名词后) l.常见引导词：that(无意义，不充当成分)、whether、连接代词(what/who/which)、连接副词(when/where/why/how) 2.例句： ·The news that our team won the game made us happy..(that☑引导同位语从句，解释说明news的内 容) ·I have no idea when he will leave.(when在从句中作时间状语，引导同位语从句) 知识点二：名词性从句的分类与用法 1.主语从句 1.连接词：that(无意义，不充当成分，不可省略)、whether(是否，不充当成分)、what/who/which (什么/谁/哪个，充当主语/宾语/表语)、when/where/why/how(何时/何地/为何/如何，充当状语) 2.常规结构：连接词+陈述句语序 3.例句： That she will come tomorrow is certain. What he said surprised everyone 4.形式主语结构：It+be+形容词/名词/过去分词+hat/whether/连接代词/连接副词+从句 5.例句： It is important that we study hard. It is unknown whether he will attend the meeting 2.宾语从句 2 高中译林版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统复习 1.连接词：that(无意义，不充当成分，常可省略)、whether/if(是否，不充当成分，引导介词宾语从 句时只能用whether)、what/who/which(充当主语/宾语/表语)、when/where/why/how(充当状语) 2.结构：主句+连接词+陈述句语序 3.例句： She said (that)she would visit us next week. I don't know whether he can solve the problem We are talking about where we will go for vacation. I'm sure that he will succeed. 3.表语从句 1.连接词：that(无意义，不充当成分，不可省略)、whether（是否，不充当成分)、what/who/.which (充当主语/宾语/表语)、when/where/why/how(充当状语)、asif/as though（好像，不充当成分) 2.结构：主语+系动词(be/look/seem/become等)+连接词+陈述句语序 3.例句： The fact is that he has never been abroad. The question is whether we can finish the work on time. This is what I want to say. It looks as if it is going to rain 4.同位语从句 1.连接词：that(无意义，不充当成分，不可省略)、whether(是否，不充当成分)、how/when/where/why （充当状语) 2.结构：名词+连接词+陈述句语序（从句与名词是同位关系） 3.例句： We heard the news that our team had won the game. I have no idea whether he will come or not. There is no doubt that he is honest. The question why he left suddenly remains unanswered. 知识点三：名词性从句 1.主语从句 1.基础连接词（中考必背)： 3 高中译林版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统复习 。that(无意义，不充当成分)→例句：That he will come tomorrow is certain. 。whether(是否)→例句：Whether we can go depends on the weather. ·what(什么，充当主语/宾语/表语)→例句：What she said made me happy. ·who（谁，指人，充当主语)→例句：Who broke the window is unknown. ●when(何时，充当时间状语)→例句：When the meeting will start hasn't been decided. 2.常用句型（中考核心)： ●It+be+adj.+that从句→例句：It is important that we study hard. 。It+be+名词+that从句一例句：It is a fact that the earth goes around the sun. 2.宾语从句 1.基础连接词（中考必背)： 。that(可省略，陈述句)→例句：She said(that)she would come. 。if/whether(是否，一般疑问句)→例句：I wonder if he will join us.. 。what(什么，特殊疑问句)一例句：He asked what I needed. ·where(哪里，地点)→例句：Do you know where he lives'? 。how(如何，方式)→例句：Can you tell me how to get there? 2.时态规则（中考易错)： ·主句为现在时，从句用任意时态→例句：I think he is working now, 。主句为过去时，从句用过去相关时态一例句：She said she had finished her homework 3.表语从句 1.基础连接词（中考必背）： ●that(无意义)→例句：The fact is that he lied to us 。whether(是否)→例句：The question is whether we should go. ·because(因为)→例句：My reason is because I was ill. 。asif（好像)→例句：It seems as if it will rain.. 2.常见句型（中考常考)： 。The problem is that..→例句：The problem is that we have no time. 。That'swhy..→例句：That's why he didn't come. 考法精析 考法一：连接词选择之that与what辨析 高中译林版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统复习 核心：根据从句是否缺成分及语义需求，区分使用that(无成分)和what(必作成分) 真题1（语法填空）： The idea_we should hold a party for the graduates is popular among students. 答案：that 解析：从句“we should hold a party for the graduates”结构完整不缺成分，且用于解释说明idea的内 容，故用that引导同位语从句。 真题2（单项选择)： surprised us most was his sudden decision to quit the job A that B what C which D who 答案：B 解析：主语从句中缺少主语成分，且表示“所…的事情”，应用what引导；hat在名词性从句中 不充当成分，故排除A。 考法二：连接词选择与语序综合应用 核心：结合从句成分判断连接词类型，同时确保从句使用陈述语序 真题1（语法填空）： Could you tell me the nearest post office(be)?I need to send a letter. 答案：where is 解析：第一空从句缺地点状语用连接副词where;第二空从句用陈述语序'主语(the nearest post office)+谓语(is)” 真题2（单项选择）： The teacher asked the students_they had finished their homework A.what B.if C.that D.how 答案：B 解析：从句不缺成分且表”是否含义，排除A(缺成分)和D(表方式)：主句为sk(询问)时 用if/whether表疑问，that无意义不符合语境，故选B 考法三：名词性从句的综合运用 核心：结合从句类型判断引导词，依据主句时态确定从句时态，掌握不同名词性从句的语法规则 真题1（单项选择)： Our teacher told us _the earth_around the sun. A.that goes B.if went C.whether go D.that went 答案：A 解析：第一空引导宾语从句，从句为客观真理，引导词用ht且不可省略：第二空“地球绕太阳转” 是客观真理，时态用一般现在时，go的第三人称单数形式为gos。 真题2（语法填空）： It is important that we-(study)hard for the exam.The teacher said what we_(learn)would help us in the future. 答案：should study learned 高中译林版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统复习 解析：第一空是it is important that结构的主语从句，虚拟语气中谓语用should+动词原形(should可 省略)：第二空主句谓语said为一般过去时，宾语从句用过去相关时态，leam的过去式为learned。. 解题小妙招 名词性从句妙招 连接词选看成分，缺主宾表用what,不缺成分that行： 陈述语序要牢记，连接词后主谓齐： 时态呼应看主句，虚拟语气特殊记： 同位语从句hat引，解释说明其内容： 疑问动词后接f,表“是否”不用疑。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.he will attend the conference depends on his schedule. A That B Whether C What D How 2.The manager didn't mention_would take charge of the project. A who B whom C which D what 3.We are discussing-we should accept the terms of the contract A if B whether C that D how 4.The question iswe can finish the task within a week. A that B if C whether D what 5.I have no idea-the meeting will be postponed. A that B which C when D what 6.-surprised everyone was his excellent performance in the competition. A That B What C Which D Who 7.Could you tell methe train leaves? A what B when C that D where 8.The teacher asked us-we had any questions about the lesson. A if B that C what D which 9.It is necessary that we-hard for the upcoming exam. A study B studied C will study D have studied 10.The news-our team won the championship spread quickly A which B that C what D when 6 高中译林版 【语法专版】 名词性从句系统复习 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.I don't knowshe will come to the party tomorrow. 2.he failed the exam made his parents very disappointed. 3.The problem is_we can solve the issue effectively. 4.She is interested in-happened at the meeting yesterday. 5.We are talking about_we should take the job offer. 6.The facthe lied to us surprised everyone. 7.Can you tell methe nearest hospital is? 8.broke the window remains unknown. 9.I have no ideahe will return from abroad. 10.It is importantwe should keep calm in emergency situations. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) Many students wonder 1-they can improve their English quickly.Some believe 2-thekey isto memorize as many words as possible.However,the truth 3-language learning requires practice and patience is often ignored.Teachers often suggest 4students should read English articles every day.They also ask 5we have formed good learning habits. A recent study shows 6_students who read regularly have better language skills.The question 7_we can find enough time for reading is a common concern.Actually,the way 8we manage our time is crucial. Remember 9consistency is more important than speed.No one knows 10-they will master a language, but with dedication,progress is certain. 答案区 演练-：1B2.A3B4.C5.C6B7.B8.A9.A10B 演练二：1.if/whether2.That3.how4.what5.whether6.that7.where8.Who9.when10.that 演练三：1how2.that3.that4.that5.if/whether6.that7.how8.that/in which/.不填9.that 10.when 7