不定式做宾语-2025-2026学年高中英语选修一语法知识点全解（冀教版）

高中选修1冀教版 【语法专版】 不定式作宾语全解 语法突破 【专题】不定式作宾语 冀教版选修1核心语法 考频分析 冀教版选修1中，不定式做宾语是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷核心题 型：单项选择(2-3题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（核心考察，直接影响 句子结构与表达准确性)。在语境应用类题目中，不定式的否定形式、省略o的情况及逻辑主语的 判断往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。基本结构与功能：o+动词原形的构成形式，及物动词后接不定式作宾语的基本用法 。常用动词搭配：plan、want、hope、decide、leam等接不定式作宾语的固定动词列表 。否定形式与疑问转换：不定式否定式not to do的使用规则，含不定式宾语的疑问句语序调整 知识点一：不定式做宾语 1.基本结构（动词+不定式） 1.含义：部分及物动词后直接接不定式(tod0)作宾语，表具体动作或未完成的动作 2.常见动词：want(想要)、decide(决定)、hope(希望)、plan(计划)、try(尝试) 3.例句： 。She wants to study abroad next year..(want后接不定式作宾语，表具体意图) 。We decided to take a walk after dinner.(decide后接不定式作宾语，表已确定的动作) 2.带疑问词的不定式作宾语 1.结构：疑问词(what/when/how等)+不定式(todo) 2.功能：在动词后作宾语，相当于宾语从句的简化形式 3.常见动词：kow(知道)、leam(学习)、forget（忘记)、remember(记得)、wonder(想知道) 高中选修1冀教版 【语法专版】 不定式作宾语全解 4.例句： ·He doesn't know how to solve the problem.(how to solve作kow的宾语，表方式) 。Please remember when to return the books.(when to return作remember的宾语，表时间) 3.不定式符号to的省略情况 1.使役动词后：let(让)、mke(使)、have(让)后接不定式作宾语补足语时省略to,但变为被动语 态需还原to 2.例句： ●The teacher made him rewrite the composition.(主动语态省略to) ·He was made to rewrite the composition.(被动语态还原to) 3.感官动词后：see(看见)、hear(听见)、watch(观看)等后接不定式作宾补时省略to,强调动作 全过程 4.例句：I saw her enter the classroom.(省略to,表看见动作完整发生) 知识点二：不定式做宾语的核心用法 1.接不定式作宾语的常见动词 l.基础类动词：want(想要)、hope(希望)、decide(决定)、plan(计划)、ty(尝试)、agree(同意)、 leam(学习)、offer（主动提出) 2.例句： 。She wants to go shopping this weekend.(want to do sth.想要做某事) ·They hope to visit Paris next year..(hope to do sth.希望做某事) 3.情感态度类动词：like(喜欢)、love(喜爱)hate(讨厌)、prefer(宁愿)、refuse(拒绝)、promise (承诺) 4.例句： ·He likes to play football after school..(like to do sth.喜欢做某事，表具体某次) ·My mother refused to buy me a new phone..(refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事) 2.”疑问词+不定式”结构 1.常见疑问词：what(什么)、how(（如何)、when(何时)、where(何地)、which(哪一个) 2.功能：在句中作宾语，相当于宾语从句，表达”做什么/如何做/何时做.”等含义 3.例句： 2 高中选修1冀教版 【语法专版】 不定式作宾语全解 ·Idon't know what to say.(what to say作know的宾语，相当于what I should say) ●She taught me how to cook noodles..(how to cook作taught的宾语，相当于how I should cook) 3.不定式的否定形式 1.结构：在不定式符号to前加not 2.例句： ·He decided not to go to the party.(not to go作decided的宾语) ·My father told me not to swim in the river.(not to swim作told的宾语补足语) 4.形式宾语t+不定式 1.结构：主语+动词+it（形式宾语)+形容词/名词+to do sth.（真正宾语) 2.适用动词：find(发现)、think(认为)、feel(觉得)、make(使得)、consider(认为) 3.例句： ·I find it easy to learn English.(it是形式宾语，easy是宾语补足语，to learn English是真正宾语) ·She thinks it important to read books every day..(it代指to read books) 5.不定式作宾语与动名词作宾语的易混点 l.部分动词只接不定式：hope(希望)、plan(计划)、decide(决定)、refuse(拒绝) 2.例句对比： ●√Ie wants to eat an apple.(want后接不定式to eat) ·×He wants eating an apple..(want不能接动名词) ·√I enjoy playing basketball..(enjoy后接动名词) ·×I enjoy to play basketball.(enjoy不能接不定式) 知识点三：不定式做宾语 1.od0(不定式)基础搭配拓展 1.afford to do(负担得起做)→例句：We can't afford to buy a new car now. 2.agree to do(同意做)→例句：She agreed to help me with the project. 3.choose to do(选择做)→例句：He chose to study abroad after graduation. 4.fail to do（未能做)→例句：I failed to pass the exam last term, 5.happen to do(碰巧做)→例句：I happened to meet my old friend in the street. 3 高中选修1冀教版 【语法专版】 不定式作宾语全解 6.manage to do(设法做)→例句：They managed to finish the work on time. 7.offer to do(主动提出做)→例句：He offered to carry the heavy box for me. &.pretend to do(假装做)一例句：She pretended to be asleep when her mother came in. 9.refuse to do(拒绝做)→例句：He refused to answer my question, 10.seem to do（似乎做)→例句：She seems to know the truth. 2.特殊结构搭配 1.疑问词+todo(如何做/做什么等)→例句：Idon't know what to do next 2.be+adj.+todo(做某事是…的)→例句：English is easy to learn 3.ask/tell/want等+sb.+not to do(要求/告诉/想要某人不做某事)→例句：My teacher tells me not to be late again. 考法精析 考法一：基本结构识别与应用 核心：判断动词后是否接不定式作宾语，或根据句意选择正确的不定式结构 真题1（语法填空）： She decided(study)medicine at university after graduation. 答案：to study 解析：decide是“动词+不定式”结构中的常见动词，后需接不定式todo作宾语，故填to study。 真题2（单项选择)： My brother hopes_the English competition next month A.win B.to win C.winning D.won 答案：B 解析：hope后接不定式作宾语，构成hope to do结构，意为“希望做某事”，故选B。 考法二：不定式作宾语的符号省略与被动语态转换 核心：结合使役/感官动词后不定式符号to的省略规则，判断主动与被动语态下的正确形式 真题1（语法填空）： The workers were made(work)for 12 hours a day last month. 答案：to work 解析：make作为使役动词，主动语态后接不定式作宾补时省略to(make sb.do),但变为被动语态 需还原to(be made to do),故填to work。 真题2（单项选择)： 4 高中选修1冀教版 【语法专版】 不定式作宾语全解 We heard her__an English song in the classroom just now. A.sing B.to sing C.singing D.sings 答案：A 解析：感官动词hear后接不定式作宾补时省略to(hear sb.do),强调动作全过程；just now表明动 作已完成，此处需用省略to的不定式原形，故选A。 考法三：不定式作宾语的综合运用 核心：掌握不定式作宾语的基本结构（动词+todo)、否定形式(not to do)及完成式(to have done) 的用法 真题1（单项选择）： He planned the project before Friday,but he was too busy. A.finish B.to finish C.not to finish D.to have finished 答案：D 解析：plan后接不定式作宾语，根据“before Friday”及“but he was too busy”可知，finish动作应 发生在planned之前且未完成，需用不定式完成式to have done,表“本计划做但未做”。 真题2（语法填空）： My teacher advised me_(not spend)too much time on computer games. 答案：not to spend 解析：advise后接不定式作宾语补足语，其否定形式为“not to do”,故填not to spend,表“建议不 做某事”。 解题小妙招 不定式作宾语妙招 基本结构先判断，动词后接不定式： decide hope常见词，todo形式要牢记。 使役感官特殊记，主动宾补省to字： 被动语态要还原，t0字千万不能忘。 形式宾语有技巧，t作形式真宾藏： find think加it形，adj后todo是真相。 综合应用看语境，时态语态细分析： 主动被动辨关系，完成进行要注意。 regret后接动名词，表已发生别忘记： seem后接完成式，动作在前是规律。 真题演练 高中选修1冀教版 【语法专版】 不定式作宾语全解 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.My parents always encourage menew skills during the vacation. A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned 2.He wondered the math problem in such a short time. A.how solve B.how to solve C.solving how D.solve how 3.The manager made his employees_overtime last week,but they refused. A.work B.to work C.working D.worked 4.We all think necessary_exercise every day to keep healthy. A.that;doing B.it;to do C.this;to do D.it;doing 5.She is said the first prize in the competition last month A.win B.to win C.to have won D.winning 6.The little girl was seen_into the shop when her mother was not looking A.go B.to go C.going D.goes 7.I have no choice butthe truth to my teacher. A.tell B.to tell C.telling D.told 8.He intendedabroad after graduation,but his plan changed due to the pandemic. A.study B.to study C.to have studied D.studying 9.The teacher found it difficult the students'attention in the noisy classroom. A.catch B.catching C.to catch D.caught 10.You'd better_the instructions carefully before operating the machine. A.read B.to read C.reading D.reads 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She decided(pursue)a career in medicine after watching a documentary. 2.Could you please tell me how_(get)to the nearest subway station? 3.My parents let me_(choose)my own major in college. 4.I feel_important_(communicate)with family members regularly. 5.The project needs(complete)by the end of this month,so we must hurry. 6.He was made_(apologize)for his rude behavior in public 7.We have no option except(wait)for further instructions from the manager. 8.She claims_(meet)the famous author at a book fair last year. 9.They planned(visit)the Great Wall during the National Day holiday. 10.I saw him(enter)the building with a heavy bag this morning. 6 高中选修1冀教版 【语法专版】 不定式作宾语全解 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Learning a new language can be challenging,but many people find 1-rewarding.To master a language, experts suggest 2(start)with basic vocabulary and grammar.For example,it is important 3-(memorize) common phrases used in daily conversations.Somelearners prefer 4(study)alone,while others join study groups to practice speaking.Teachers often encourage students 5_(watch)movies or listen to songs in the target language,as this helps improve listening skills. However,some learners struggle with grammar rules.They wonder how 6(apply)tenses correctly or when 7(use)formal expressions.It is normal to make mistakes,but it is better 8(learn)from them than to give up.Many successful learners admit they used 9(make)errors,but they kept practicing until they improved. In conclusion,learning a language requires patience and persistence.Remember,the key is 10(stay) consistent and never lose confidence in yourself. 答案区 演练-：1B2B3.A4.B5.C6B7.B8.C9.C10.A 1.to pursue 2.to get 3.choose 4.it;to communicate 5.to be completed 6.to apologize 7.to wait 8.to have met 9.to visit 10.enter 1.it 2.starting 3.to memorize 4.to study 5.to watch 6.to apply 7.to use 8.to learn 9.to make 10.to stay 7