U4 名词性从句-2025-2026学年高中英语选修一语法知识点全解（沪外版）

高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U4知识点全解 语法专版 【专题】名词性从句 语法专项突破 考频分析 沪外版选修1-U4中，名词性从句是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷多个核 心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空1-2题、语法填空2-3题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句子 结构的完整性与逻辑的准确性。在语境理解类题目中，名词性从句的连接词选择、语序及与其他从 句的区分往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。从句类型辨析：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的引导词选择(that,if/whether,连接 代词who/what/which,连接副词when/where/why/how) ·语序规则应用：从句需用陈述语序，区分疑问词引导时的语序转换 。特殊用法掌握：it作形式主语/宾语的替代结构，同位语从句与定语从句的区别，whether与f的用 法差异 知识点一：名词性从句的分类及基础用法 1.主语从句（在句中作主语，常用t作形式主语） ·引导词：that（无意义，不可省略)、whether（是否)、连接代词(what/who/which/whose)、连接副 (when/where/why/how) 。例句： l.What he said surprised everyone.(what引导主语从句，作从句宾语) 2.It is important that we study hard.(it作形式主语，that引导真正主语从句) 2.宾语从句（在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语） ·引导词：that(无意义，可省略)、whether/if(是否)、连接代词、连接副词 。例句： 1 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U4知识点全解 1.She doesn't know where he lives..(where引导宾语从句，作从句地点状语) 2.I wonder if he will come tomorrow.(if引导宾语从句，表“是否”) 3.表语从句（在句中作表语，位于系动词后） ·引导词：hat(不可省略)、whether、连接代词、连接副词 。例句： 1.The problem is how we can solve it.(how引导表语从句，作从句方式状语) 2.My hope is that I can enter a good university.(that引导表语从句，无实际意义) 4.同位语从句（在名词后补充说明该名词的具体内容) ·常见先行词：fact/hews/idea/promise/doubt等 ·引导词：that（无意义，不可省略)、whether 。例句： 1.We heard the news that our team won the game.(that引导同位语从句，解释news内容) 2.There is no doubt that he is honest..(that引导同位语从句，补充说明doubt) 知识点二：名词性从句的分类与用法 1.主语从句 。连接词：that(无意义，不可省略)、whether(是否)、what(什么，…的东西)、who(谁，主格)、 when(何时)、where(何地)、why(为何)、how(如何) ·基本结构： 1.直接作主语：连接词+陈述句语序+谓语 2.形式主语t:It+谓语+连接词+陈述句语序 。例句： 1.That she passed the exam made her parents happy. 2.Whether he will come tomorrow is uncertain. 3.What he said surprised everyone. 4.It is important that we should learn English well. 2.宾语从句 ·连接词：that(无意义，口语/非正式文体中可省略)、whether/if(是否，whether可与or not连用，if 不可)、what/who/which/when/where/why/how(疑问意义，在从句中作成分) 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U4知识点全解 。时态规则：主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态；主句为一般过去时，从句用相应 过去时态（客观真理用一般现在时） 。例句： 1.I think(that)he will arrive soon 2.She asked whether/if we had finished the work 3.He is interested in what she is reading. 4.My teacher told me that the earth goes around the sun. 3.表语从句 ·连接词：that(无意义，不可省略)、whether(是否)、what/who/when/where/why/how(疑问意义)、 asif/as though(好像，仿佛)、because(因为，引导表语从句时仅用于This/That/It is because…结构) ·例句： 1.The fact is that we have no enough time. 2.The question is whether we can solve the problem. 3.This is why he was late for school. 4.It looks as if it is going to rain. 4.同位语从句 ·连接词：that(无意义，不可省略，不作从句成分)、whether(是否)、when/where/why/how(疑问 意义，在从句中作成分) ·与定语从句的区别：同位语从句中ht不作成分，定语从句中tht作主语/宾语；同位语从句解释名 词内容，定语从句修饰名词性质 ·例句： 1.The news that our team won the match excited us. 2.I have no idea whether he will accept the invitation. 3.He put forward the suggestion that we should hold a meeting 4.We discussed the question where we would go for a picnic. 知识点三：名词性从句 1.主语从句 。That+陈述句一→例句：That she passed the exam surprised everyone. 。Whether+一般疑问句→例句：Whether he will come tomorrow is unknown. 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U4知识点全解 。疑问词+陈述句→例句：What we need most is time. ·It+be+adj.+that从句→例句：It is clear that he was late for class. 2.宾语从句 。think+that从句→例句：I think(hat)she is right. ·know+wh-从句→例句：Do you know where he lives? 。ask+if/whether从句→例句：He asked if we would go to the park. 。tell+that从句→例句：She told me(that)she liked reading. 。believe+that从句→例句：I believe(that)he can finish it on time. 3.表语从句 。be+that从句→例句：The fact is that he lied to us. ·be+wh-从句→例句：The question is how we can solve the problem. 。be+whether从句→例句：The problem is whether we have enough time. 4.同位语从句 。名词+that从句（解释名词内容）→例句：The news that he won the prize surprised us. ·名词+wh-从句→例句：I have no idea what he is doing now. ·常见名词：fact,news,idea,question,.belief→例句：We all support the idea that we should protect the environment. 考法精析 考法一：连接词that与what的辨析 核心：根据从句是否缺少主语、宾语或表语，区分使用hat(无意义，不充当成分)和wht(充当 成分，指代具体内容) 真题1（语法填空）： -he succeeded in the exam surprised everyone. 答案：That 解析：从句“he succeeded in the exam”成分完整（主语he,谓语succeeded,.状语in the exam),故 用hat引导主语从句，hat无意义且不充当成分，置于句首不可省略。 真题2（单项选择)： 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U4知识点全解 Can you tell me_you need for the trip? A.that B.what C.if D.whether 答案：B 解析：从句缺少need的宾语，需用what充当成分，指代“需要的东西”；hat不充当成分，if/whether 表“是否”，均不符合句意，故选B。 考法二：连接词与语序结合辨析 核心：根据从句类型及成分完整性，选择正确连接词并调整为陈述语序 真题1（语法填空)： Could you tell me_the nearest post office(be)?I need to send a letter. 答案：where is 解析：第一空，从句缺少地点状语，用连接副词where:第二空，宾语从句需用陈述语序，主语the nearest post office后接系动词is。 真题2（单项选择)： The teacher asked_we planned to do the next day. A what B that C how D if 答案：A 解析：从句缺少宾语，应用连接代词what(指代“做的事情”)：that无意义不充当成分，how表方 式，f表“是否”，均不符合从句成分需求。 考法三：名词性从句的综合运用 核心：结合语境判断名词性从句类型，正确选择引导词，遵循时态一致原则和陈述语序规则 真题1（单项选择)： Our teacher told us_the earth around the sun. A.that;goes B.if,went C.whether;goes D.that;went 答案：A 解析：第一空引导宾语从句，从句表客观真理，引导词用ht:第二空从句描述客观真理，时态用 一般现在时，go的第三人称单数形式为gos。 真题2（语法填空)： I wonder_he_(arrive)tomorrow.Could you tell me? 答案：when will arrive 解析：第一空引导宾语从句，根据语境“想知道到达时间”用连接副词whn:第二空由时间标志 词“tomorrow”可知用一般将来时，从句用陈述语序will arrive。 5 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U4知识点全解 解题小妙招 名词性从句妙招 连接词选看成分，缺主宾表用what,成分完整hat行； 是否含义用if/whether,状语how/where/when; 语序务必陈述句，主谓位置莫颠倒： 时态呼应要注意，主过从过是常规，真理事实用一现： 虚拟语气需牢记，necessary后的that从句，should加动原莫忘记。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.he will attend the conference tomorrow depends on his health condition. A.If B.Whether C.That D.What 2.The teacher asked_we had finished reading the novel assigned last week. A.that B.which C.if D.what 3.My parents always tell mematters most in life is honesty and kindness. A.that B.which C.what D.how 4.Could you please explain-the machine works?I need to operate it by myself. A.how B.what C.when D.where 5.The news_our school won the national science competition made everyone excited. A.which B.that C.what D.how 6.She wonderedshe should call her best friend or send a message. A.if B.whether C.that D.how 7.The problem is_we can raise enough money for the charity project in a month. A.that B.what C.whether D.how 8.He told us that he to the Great Wall twice before he came to Beijing. A.has been B.had been C.was D.would be 9.Do you know_the meeting will start?I need to arrive on time. A.when B.that C.where D.what l0.It is important that we一环境保护意识from a young age. A.develop B.developed C.will develop D.have developed 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.Idon't know一（他什么时候会回来）， 6 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U4知识点全解 2.The reason for his absence is_(他生病了). 3.She asked me一（是否看过这部电影）. 4.一_（我们明天是否去野餐）depends on the weather. 5.Please tell me一（如何解决这个问题） 6.The fact_(地球绕着太阳转)is known to everyone. 7.He is interested in一（她在会议上说了什么）， 8.The question is.一（我们是否应该接受这个提议）， 9.My parents always encourage me一（无论遇到什么困难都不要放弃）， 10.I wonder一（你是否能帮我一个忙） 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的连接词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many students ask 1.-they can improve their English quickly.The answer is that there is no shortcut, but consistent practice helps.For example,reading English articles every day is a good habit.However, some students doubt 2.it is useful to read without understanding every word.In fact,3.-matters is to get the main idea first. Teachers often suggest 4.-students should keep a diary in English.This helps them express 5.-they think and feel.When writing,pay attention to 6.-the sentences are grammatically correct.If you make mistakes,don't worry-7.-you learn from them is more important. Another question is 8.-to choose suitable materials.It's better to start with simple stories,then move to news or essays.Remember,the key is 9.-you enjoy what you read.As the saying goes,10.-(interest) is the best teacher. 参考答案 演练-：1B2.C3.C4.A5.B6.B7.C8B9.A10.A 演练二： 1.when he will come back 2.that he is ill 3.if/whether I had seen this movie 4.Whether we will have a picnic tomorrow 5.how to solve this problem 6.that the earth goes around the sun 7.what she said at the meeting 7 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U4知识点全解 8.whether we should accept the offer 9.not to give up no matter what difficulties I meet 10.if/whether you can give me a hand 演练三： 1.how 2.if/whether 3.what 4.that 5.what 6.whether 7.that 8.how 9.that 10.interest P