U3 定语从句综合用法-2025-2026学年高中英语选修一语法知识点全解（沪外版）

高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U3定语从句全解 语法精讲 【专题】定语从句综合用法 whose表所属关系及”he+n.十of which”结构 考频分析 沪外版选修1-U3中，定语从句综合用法（拓展whose表所属关系的用法及”the+n.+of which”"结构） 是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空 2-3题、语法填空1-2题、阅读理解（辅助理解长难句）。在语境应用类题目中，关系代词的选择、 所属关系的表达及”the+n.+of which'”与whose的转换往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。关系代词与关系副词：that、which、who、whom、whose、when、where.、why的指代对象与句法功 能辨析 。whose表所属关系：whose引导定语从句时对人或物的所属关系表达，及与the+n.+of which”结构 的转换 ·限定性与非限定性：限定性定语从句对先行词的修饰限定作用，非限定性定语从句的补充说明功能 及逗号使用规则 知识点一：定语从句综合用法 1.定语从句基本概念（修饰名词/代词，通常紧跟先行词） 1.构成要素：先行词（被修饰的名词/代词）+关系词（连接主句和从句，分关系代词/副词） 2.例句：This is the book which I bought yesterday.(先行词book,关系代词which指代物，在从句中作 宾语) 2.whose表所属关系的用法（指代先行词的…的”，后接名词） 1.适用对象：先行词为人或物 2.例句： 1.This is the girl whose father is a doctor..(先行词the girl,whose指代”女孩的”，后接名词father) 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】U3定语从句全解 2.We visited the house whose windows face south.(先行词the house,whose指代”房子的”，后接 名词windows) 3.”the+n.+of which'”结构（替代whose,.表所属关系，先行词为物) 1.转换规则：whose+名词=the+名词+of which(which指代先行词) 2.例句： l.We visited the house the windows of which face south.(=whose windows,先行词the house为物) 2.He showed me the painting the color of which is bright.(-whose color,先行词the painting为物) 4.关系代词的选择（根据先行词及在从句中的成分） 1.指人：who(主/宾)、whom(宾)、that(主/宾)、whose(所属)→例句：The boy who is standing there is my brother. 2.指物：which（主/宾)、that（主/宾)、whose（所属)he+n.+of which→例句：The city which we visited last year is beautiful. 知识点二：whose表所属关系及”the+n.+of which'”结构 1.whose引导定语从句（表所属关系，指人或物） 1.用法说明：w0se在从句中作定语，修饰名词，译为”…的”，可指人（先行词为人）或物（先行 词为物) 2.指人时的结构与例句： 1.结构：先行词（人）+whos+名词+从句剩余部分 2.例句： (a)She is the girl whose hair is very long.（先行词the girl指人，whose修饰名词hair,译为”那 个头发很长的女孩) (b)The teacher asked the student whose homework was missing.(先行词the student指人，whose 修饰名词homework,译为”作业丢失的那个学生”) 3.指物时的结构与例句： 1.结构：先行词（物）+wh0se+名词+从句剩余部分 2.例句： (a)This is the house whose windows are all broken.(先行词the house指物，whose修饰名词 windows,.译为'那座窗户都破了的房子) (b)He showed me the book whose cover is blue.（先行词the book指物，whose修饰名词cover, 译为”那本封面是蓝色的书”) 2 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U3定语从句全解 2.the+n.+of which”结构（替代whose指物，更正式） 1.用法说明：当先行词为物时，可用the+名词+of which”结构替代”whose+名词”，which指代先行 词，整体在从句中表所属关系 2.对应转换及例句： l.转换规则：whose+名词→the+名词+of which(位置可前可后，of which可置于he+名词 前) 2.例句： (a)This is the house the windows of which are all broken.(=This is the house whose windows are all broken..,the windows of which指代”房子的窗户”) (b)He showed me the book the cover of which is blue.(He showed me the book whose cover is blue.,the cover of which指代”书的封面) 3.注意：of which可提前至句首（引导非限制性定语从句时更常见） l.例句：The house,.the windows of which are all broken,needs repairing.(非限制性定语从句中，the windows of which置于句首，逗号隔开) 3.whose与”the+n.+of which'”的区别与联系 1.共同点：均表所属关系，用于定语从句中修饰先行词 2.不同点：whose可指人或物，the+n.+of which'”仅用于指物：”he+n.+of which”语气更正式，多 用于书面语 3.选择建议：指人时只能用whose:.指物时两者均可，日常用语中whose更简洁，正式文体中可优先 用the+n.+of which” 知识点三：定语从句(whose表所属关系及he+n.+of which”结构) 1.whose表所属关系（基础用法) 1.限定用法（修饰人/物)： l.修饰人一例句：This is the girl whose father is a doctor.(这是父亲是医生的那个女孩) 2.修饰物→例句：I bought a book whose cover is red.（我买了一本封面是红色的书) 3.双重所属一例句：He has a friend whose brother I know.(他有个朋友，我认识其哥哥) 2.”the+n.+of which”结构（转换用法) 1.等价转换规则： l.whose+n.=the+n.+of which→例句：The house whose windows are broken=The house the windows of which are broken(窗户破了的房子) 3 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】U3定语从句全解 2.先行词为物时优先使用→例句：She showed me the painting the price of which surprised me.（她给我 看了那幅画，其价格让我惊讶) 3.避免歧义结构→例句：I met the singer the name of which I forgot.(我遇到了那位歌手，其名字我忘 了) 3.特殊考点（易混辨析) l.whose与of which区别：whose可指人/物，of which仅指物→例句：The teacher whose class I like (正)/The teacher the class of which I like(误) 2.所有格位置：名词前用whose,.名词后用of which→例句：I have a pen whose color is blue=Ihavea pen the color of which is blue 3.复合结构：the+形容词性物主代词+n.+of which→例句：He bought a car the wheels of which are new.(他买了辆车，其轮子是新的) 解题小妙招 所属关系判断妙招 先行词是人或物，所属关系用whose: 先行词若是物，the加名词接of which: 名词重复要避免，选项CD慎选择； 非限制定语从句，that不可用其中： 语法填空优先填whose,简洁准确是关键。 考法精析 考法一：whose与the+n.+of which”结构转换 核心：根据先行词的属性（人或物)，正确使用whose表所属关系，或转换为he+n.+of which”结 构（仅适用于先行词为物） 真题1（语法填空）： The girl hair is golden is from England. 答案：whose 解析：先行词he girl指人，空后接名词hair,需用whose表所属关系，意为”女孩的头发”。 真题2（单选题）： We live in a house_windows face south A.which B.whose C.the windows of which D.B and C 答案：B 解析：先行词house指物，选项B"whose windows”表所属关系；选项C结构正确但题干中己 有'windows”,重复导致语法错误，故只能选B。 4 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U3定语从句全解 考法二：whose与the+n.+of which''结构转换及非限制性定语从句综合运用 核心：结合非限制性定语从句特征，判断先行词属性（人物)，正确选用whose或'the+n.+of which'” 结构 真题1（语法填空）： The famous writer,_novels have been translated into 20 languages,will attend the book fair next week. 答案：whose 解析：先行词The famous writer指人，非限制性定语从句中表所属关系需用whose,后接名词novels (不可用'the novels of which'”指人)。 真题2（单选题）： The ancient temple,the roofwas damaged in the storm,is now under repair. A.whose B.which C.of which D.that 答案：C 解析：先行词The ancient temple指物，非限制性定语从句中表所属关系可用'the roof of which'' (=whose roof):因空格前已有名词roof,需用'of which'”结构，且非限制性定语从句不可用that。 考法三：whose与”the+n.+of which”结构辨析及关系代词that的用法综合 考查 核心：结合先行词类型（人/物)判断whose与”the+n.+of which”的适用性，掌握关系代词that的 特殊使用规则（如只能用that的情况及不可用that的情况） 真题1（单项选择）： The girl brother is a doctor won the first prize in the competition A.who B.whose C.which D.the brother of which 答案：B 解析：先行词the girl指人，空后接名词brother,表所属关系，需用whose引导定语从句，whose修 饰brother,符合”先行词（人）+whose+名词”结构。 真题2（语法填空）： This is the most interesting storyI have ever read.I like the charactersnames are hard to remember. 答案：that,whose 解析：第一空先行词story被最高级the most interesting修饰，关系代词只能用that:第二空先行词 characters指人，空后接名词names表所属关系，用whose引导定语从句，符合whose+名词'结构。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.This is the student_parents work in the hospital. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which 2.The museum,-we visited last week,has a large collection of ancient coins. A.where B.which C.that D.when 5 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】U3定语从句全解 3.I still remember the day I first met my English teacher. A.which B.where C.when D.that 4.The book_cover is red was written by a famous writer. A.which B.whose C.who D.where 5.He passed the exam,made his family very happy. A.that B.which C.as D.what 6.This is the factorymy father has worked for 20 years. A.where B.which C.who D.when 7.The girl with_you talked just now is my cousin. A.who B.whom C.which D.that 8.We visited the villagehouses were built 200 years ago. A.which B.where C.whose D.the houses of which 9.The reason he was late for school was that he missed the bus. A.which B.why C.when D.where 10.This is the first time I have seen such a beautiful sunset. A.when B.which C.that D.where 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The boy is standing at the door is my brother. 2.This is the parkwe used to play basketball 3.My sister,_is a doctor,will come back next month. 4.The house_windows face north needs to be repainted. 5.I don't like the way-he speaks to his classmates 6.The novel I read last week is very interesting. 7.She has two sons,both_are teachers. 8.The city we lived last year is very beautiful. 9.This is the pen I wrote the letter. 10.The film,main actor is my favorite star,will be released next week. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) 1.Shanghai,is one of the largest cities in China,attracts millions of visitors every year. 2.Last summer,I visited Shanghai with my parents.We stayed in a hotelwas located in the city center. 3.On the first day,we went to the Bund,_we saw many historic buildings. 6 高中选修1沪外版 【语法专版】 U3定语从句全解 4.The guidewe followed told us stories about the buildingswere built in the 19th century. 5.On the second day,we visited Disneyland,is known worldwide for its exciting rides. 6.I met a girl father works as a cartoonist in the park. 7.She showed me around the park,-made me very happy. 8.In the evening,we watched a fireworks show,-colors lit up the sky. 9.This trip to Shanghai was unforgettable.It was a time I experienced new things and made new friends 参考答案 演练-：1.C2.B3.C4B5B6.A7.B8.C9B10.C 演练二：1.who/that2.where3.who4.whose5.that/in which 6.which/that 7.of whom 8.where 9.with which 10.whose 演练三：1.which2,.which/that3.where4.whom/who/that5.which/that6.which 7.whose 8.which 9.whose/the colors of which 10.when 7