U1 进阶时态讲解-2025-2026学年高中英语选修一语法知识点全解（沪外版）

高中选修1-U1沪外版 【语法专版】 进阶时态全解 语法专版 【专题】进阶时态讲解 高中沪外版选修1-U1 考频分析 沪外版选修1-U1中，进阶时态讲解是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷所有 核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空3-4题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句 子时态准确性与语境连贯性。在语境理解类题目中，时态的时间标志词识别、时态呼应及语境逻辑 判断往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。时态结构与标志词：过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时的构成形式及时 间状语匹配 ·时态辨析与语境选择：过去完成时与一般过去时的先后关系，现在完成时与现在完成进行时的动作 持续性对比，将来完成时与一般将来时的完成状态区分 ·时态综合运用：在复合句（状语从句、宾语从句）中主从句时态呼应，情境对话中的时态得体运用 及上下文时态一致性判断 知识点一：进阶时态讲解 1.现在完成时（表过去动作对现在的影响或持续到现在的状态） 。构成：have/has+过去分词 。时间标志词：already(已经)、yet(尚未)、just(刚刚)、since(自从)、for+时间段 。例句： 1.I have finished my homework.Now I can watch TV.(过去动作对现在的影响) 2.She has lived in Shanghai for 10year's.(动作持续到现在) 2.过去完成时（表过去某动作之前已完成的动作，“过去的过去”） ·构成：had+过去分词 。逻辑标志：常与一般过去时连用，强调“过去某时之前” 高中选修1-U1沪外版 【语法专版】 进阶时态全解 。例句： l.When I arrived at the station,the train had already left.(火车离开在到达之前) 2.She told me she had seen the movie twice.(“看过电影”在“告诉”之前) 3.将来完成时（表将来某时前将完成的动作） ·构成：will have+过去分词 ●时间标志：by+将来时间点(by next Monday/by the end of this year) ·例句： l.By this time tomorrow,I will have finished the project..(明天此时前完成) 2.They will have lived here for20 years by2026.(2026年前满20年) 4.现在完成进行时（表从过去持续到现在且仍在进行的动作） 。构成：have/has been+现在分词 ·特点：强调动作的持续性和未完成性 。例句： l.It has been raining for three hours..(雨持续下了三小时，可能还在下) 2.She has been studying English since8o'clock.(从8点一直学到现在) 知识点二：进阶时态和被动语态难点 1.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 ·核心区别 现在完成时：强调过去动作对现在的影响或动作持续到现在（与现在有关联） 一般过去时：仅表示过去发生的动作，与现在无关联（动作已结束） ·对比例句 现在完成时：I have lost my keys.(现在没钥匙，影响当前状态) 一般过去时：I lost my keys yesterday.(仅说明昨天丢了，不强调现在是否找到) 。时间标志词对比 现在完成时：since2010(从2010年至今)、for10 years(持续10年，到现在) 一般过去时：in2010(2010年，过去某点时间，动作已结束) 2.过去完成时的“过去的过去”判定 ·时间链逻辑 过去完成时动作(A)→一般过去时动作(B),A发生在B之前 ·常见搭配句式 when/before/after+一般过去时句子(B),主句用过去完成时(A) 例句： 2 高中选修1-U1沪外版 【语法专版】 进阶时态全解 1.After she had finished her homework,she went out to play.（先完成作业，再出去玩，“完成作 业”是过去的过去) 2.When I arrived,,the meeting had already started.(“到达”是过去时，“会议开始”在到达之前， 用过去完成时) 。无明显时间词时的上下文判定 例句：He told me he had seen the movie twice.(“告诉”是过去时，“看电影”在告诉之前，用过 去完成时) 3.将来进行时（将来某时刻正在进行的动作） ·时间标志词 at8p.m.tomorrow(明天晚上8点)、this time next week(下周这个时候) ·主动语态 结构：主语+will be+动词现在分词(doing) 例句 1.I will be studying in the library at9p.m.tomorrow.(明天晚上9点正在图书馆学习) 2.They will be traveling to Beijing this time next month.(下个月这个时候正在去北京的路上) ·被动语态 结构：主语+will be being+动词过去分词 例句：The project will be being discussed at the meeting this time tomorrow.(明天这个时候会议上 正在讨论这个项目) 4.现在完成进行时（从过去持续到现在且仍在进行的动作） ·时间标志词 since+时间点（如since last year)、for+时间段（如for3 hours)、all day(一整天，到现在仍在 进行) ·主动语态 结构：主语+have/has been+动词现在分词(doing) 例句 1.I have been learning English for 10 years.(从过去开始学，现在仍在学) 2.She has been waiting for you since2o'clock.(从2点等到现在，还在等) 。与现在完成时的区别（持续动作Vs完成结果） 现在完成进行时：He has been writing the book for2 years..(一直在写，可能还没写完) 现在完成时：He has written3 books.(已写完3本，强调结果) 5.被动语态的特殊结构与注意事项 。不及物动词无被动语态(vi.如happen,.appear,.arrive) 错误：The accident was happened yesterday..(happen是不及物动词，无被动) 正确：The accident happened yesterday. ·带双宾语的被动语态（把间接宾语或直接宾语变为主语） 主动句：She gave me a book. 3 高中选修1-U1沪外版 【语法专版】 进阶时态全解 被动句l(直接宾语作主语)：A book was given to me by her..(需加介词to) 被动句2（间接宾语作主语）：I was given a book by her. ·感官动词和使役动词的被动语态（主动不带to,被动要加t0) 主动句：The teacher made him stand up. 被动句：He was made to stand up by the teacher.(made后加to) 主动句：I saw her enter the room. 被动句：She was seen to enter the room by me..(saw后加to) 知识点三：进阶时态 1.过去完成时 基础用法（核心考点）： 。过去某动作前已完成的动作→例句：She had finished her homework before her mother came back, 。by+过去时间点已完成→例句：They had lived in Beijing for5 years by2020 。宾语从句中表“过去的过去”→例句：He said he had seen the movie twice. 标志词（中考必记）： 。by the end of+过去时间→By the end of last term,we had learned3000 words. ●before+过去时间/从句→I had never visited Shanghai before I moved here. 2.将来完成时 基本构成：will have done 用法解析（中考拓展）： ·将来某时前完成的动作→例句：We will have graduated from high school by2027 。推测过去可能发生的事→例句：They will have arrived home by now 时间状语搭配： 。by+将来时间→By next month,I will have saved enough money. 。before+将来时间/从句→She will have left before you arrive. 3.现在完成进行时 构成形式：have/has been doing 核心含义（中考难点）： 。动作从过去持续到现在，仍在进行→例句：It has been raining for three days.. ·反复发生的动作→例句：He has been practicing the piano since5o'clock 与现在完成时区别： ●强调动作持续性：She has been reading for2 hours.（仍在读) 高中选修1-U1沪外版 【语法专版】 进阶时态全解 。对比完成时：She has read5 books this month.(已完成) 考法精析 考法一：将来进行时辨析 核心：根据将来某特定时刻的时间标志词，判断动作是否为正在进行的状态，选择将来进行时的主 动或被动形式 真题1（语法填空）： This time next month,we(travel)through Europe.We have already booked the flights. 答案：will be travelling 解析：由时间标志词“This time next month”可知，动作在将来某特定时刻正在进行，用将来进行 时主动语态；结构为will be+现在分词，travel的现在分词为travelling。 真题2（单项选择)： When you arrive at the station tomorrow,I-for you at the entrance. A wait B will wait C will be waiting D have waited 答案：C 解析：由时间标志词“When you arrive tomorrow”可知，主句动作在将来某时刻正在进行，用将来 进行时主动语态，结构为will be+现在分词，故选C。 考法二：时态与被动语态融合 核心：结合时间标志词判断时态，同时根据动作逻辑关系确定主动或被动语态 真题1（语法填空）： The new library_(complete)by the end of next year.It will be open to students then 答案：will have been completed 解析：由时间标志词by the end of next year”可知用将来完成时；”图书馆？与”完成'是被动关系， 结构为'will have been+过去分词'，complete的过去分词为completed。. 真题2（单项选择)： A lectureby Professor Li at this time next Monday. A.is given B.will be given C.will be being given D.has been given 答案：C 解析：由时间标志词'at this time next Monday”可知用将来进行时：，讲座'与”给予是被动关系， 结构为will be being+过去分词”，故选C。 考法三：情态动词推测与虚拟语气及被动语态综合运用 核心：结合语境判断情态动词表推测的时态，掌握虚拟语气与不同时态被动语态的结合用法 真题1（单项选择）： The door is locked.They_have gone out because the lights are off. A.must B.might C.can D.need 高中选修1-U1沪外版 【语法专版】 进阶时态全解 答案：A 解析：根据“门是锁着的”和“灯关着”的语境，对过去情况进行肯定推测，用“must+have done” 结构，意为“一定已经出去了”。 真题2（语法填空)： If she(invite)to the party last week,she would have gone.But she didn't receive any message. 答案：had been invited 解析：此处为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if从句用“had+过去分词”；主语“she”是“invite'”的 承受者，需用被动语态，故填“had been invited”。 解题小妙招 时态语态妙招 时态判断看标志，没有标志品语境： 主动结构记“主谓”，被动必带“be和done”: 将来进行主动态，“will be doing”牢牢记： 将来进行被动态，“will be being done”莫忘记： 将来完成主动态，“will have done'”辨清晰； 将来完成被动态，“will have been done”是真谛： 情态推测被动时，“must/may/might have been done”要注意。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.By the time you graduate next year,this stadium-for 20 years. A will be built B will have been built Chas been built D was built 2.When the guests arrive at 6 p.m.tomorrow,wethe dinner table A will set B set Cwill be setting Dhave set 3.The missing walletin the park yesterday,but it's not confirmed yet A may find B might be found C might have been found Dmust have found 4.She in this company for 15 years by 2026,so she plans to retire then. A will work B will have worked Chas worked D works 5.A new filmby the famous director at this time next month. A will be made B is made C will be being made D has been made 6.My brother_basketball for three hours when I arrived home,so he was very tired. A had played B was playing C has been playing D played 6 高中选修1-U1沪外版 【语法专版】 进阶时态全解 7.If you had told me earlier,I-you at the airport yesterday. A would meet B would have met C will meet Dmet 8.The experiment_since 9 o'clock this morning,and the results will be announced soon. A is being done B has been done Chas been being done Dwas done 9.You_the meeting yesterday-your absence caused many problems. A must attend B should have attended Cmight attend D would attend 10.This novel_into 10 languages by the end of next year. A will translate B has translated C will have been translated D is translated 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.By this time next week,we(travel)to Japan for our summer vacation. 2.The old temple _(rebuild)for two years,and it will open to the public next month. 3.When you call me tomorrow,I_(study)in the library,so please send a message first. 4.This project_(complete)by the end of this year,according to the manager's report 5.The children(play)in the garden when it suddenly started to rain 6.She_(teach)English in this school for 10 years by next semester. 7.Your homework_(check)by the teacher when you arrive late tomorrow. 8.The thief(arrest)by the police last night,but the stolen goods haven't been found yet. 9.IfI(know)the truth earlier,I would have helped her immediately. 10.The machine_(repair)at 3 p.m.yesterday,so we couldn'tuse it. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) Passage: The city library,which_(build)in 1985,has been a cultural landmark for decades.By the end of this year,it-(undergo)a major renovation to improve its facilities.Workers_(install)new bookshelves and digital systems since last month,and the project _(finish)by December. Next Monday at 2 p.m.,the mayor-(give)a speech at the library's temporary entrance to announce the renovation progress.When the renovation is complete,the library_(equip)with 500 new computers and a modern auditorium. Interestingly,the original building's structure-(keep)to preserve its historical value.Local residents (visit)the library regularly for years,and many_(donate)old books to support the renovation.By next summer,the library_(become)a more welcoming space for readers of all ages. 7 高中选修1-U1沪外版 【语法专版】 进阶时态全解 答案区 演练-：1B2.C3.C4B5.C6.A7.B8.C9.B10.C 1.will be travelling 2.has been being rebuilt 3.will be studying 4.will have been completed 5.were playing 6.will have been teaching 7.will be being checked 8.was arrested 9.had known 10.was being repaired 1.was built 2.will have undergone 3.have been installing 4.will have been finished 5.will be giving 6.will be equipped 7.will be kept 8have been visiting 9.have donated 10.will have become P