UNIT 12 SECTION 6 WRITING WORKSHOP TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册五维课堂课时作业word（北师大版）

[基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Efforts to 　preserve　(维护) the peace have failed. 2．I stood in the kitchen, waiting for the water to 　boil　(沸腾)． 3．The incident 　illustrates　(表明) the need for better security measures. 4．I struggled through the 　mass　(一群) of people to the exit. 5．I think it may take some time before we can have an 　accurate　(准确的) assessment of the damage. 6．The last five years have seen a consistent 　improvement　(改善) in the country's economy. 7．A bomb 　exploded　(爆炸) in a nearby supermarket. The 　explosion　(爆炸) was very powerful, bringing over 20 deaths and many injuries. 8．All the 　electrical　(电气的) work in the company is done by my brother. Yesterday he was free because there was no 　electricity　(电)． Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．My brother graduated from Peking University majoring in 　electrical　 (electric) engineering. 2．He looked much worried 　the　 first time I saw him. 3．There is still room for 　improvement　(improve) in your work. 4．Tina made 　it　 clear that she would leave the company. 5．　Following　(follow) the old man，the young people started walking slowly. 6．Ancient Egyptians knew how 　to_preserve　(preserve) dead bodies from decay (腐烂)． 7．There is a need to check the 　accuracy　(accurate) of these figures. 8．I thought he was making fun of me，and ran faster than ever，　reaching　(reach) the schoolyard quite out of breath. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．I think these interesting old customs 　should_be_well_preserved　. 我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该好好地保存下去。 2．I 　reflected_on_this_proposal　 for some time. 这个建议我仔细反思了一段时间。 3．You can call me 　any_time_you_want_to　. 你随时都可以给我打电话。 4．He 　makes_it_a_rule_to_get_up　 at six every day. 他每天早晨六点起床，这已成为一种习惯。 5．Mary sat by the window of the classroom，　reading_a_book　. 玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一本书。 6．A city is the product of the human hand and mind，　reflecting man's intelligence and creativity　. 城市是人的手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。 [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Stephen Hawking Warns Humans Must Leave Earth Soon Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger. Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience，“I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen.” Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years' time and send people to Mars by 2025”． According to the BBC, Professor Hawking said，“Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued，“I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated，“A new and ambitious space program would excite young people, and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)．” Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience，“The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued，“Our natural resources are being 　drained　 at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species. We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.” The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said，“If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction，and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space. [语篇解读]　文章引用了世界知名物理学家及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。 1．According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space? A．To send people to Mars. B．To build a lunar base. C．To send astronauts to the Moon. D．To change the future of humanity. 解析：C　[细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C。] 2．The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by 　________　. A．speeded up　　　　 B．stored C．used up D．explored 解析：C　[词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C。] 3．What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future? A．Pessimistic. B．Confused. C．Positive. D．Indifferent. 解析：A　[观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A。] 4．The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that 　________　. A．the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B．humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C．a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D．astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth 解析：A　[细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A。] B Ever wonder how your brain works when making bigger decisions like buying a car or accepting a job offer? Researchers from the University of Dundee in Scotland conducted a study that clarifies why you may want to have a small bite before making that big decision. Benjamin Vincent from the University of Dundee's Psychology Department and his co­author Jordan Skrynka tested 50 people twice：once when they followed their normal eating patterns and once when they did not eat anything during the day.Using three different types of rewards (food, money, and song downloads), the team discovered when presented with the choice of receiving the reward now versus double the award at some point in the future, participants would usually volunteer to wait for 35 days to earn a larger 　bounty　， but when they were hungry, they said they would only wait three days. “We wanted to know whether being in a state of hunger had a specific effect on how you make decisions only relating to food or if it had broader effects, and this research suggests decision­making gets more present­focused when people are hungry，” Vincent said in a story about the study on the university's website.“You would predict that hunger would impact people's preferences relating to food, but it is not yet clear why people get more present­focused for completely unrelated rewards.Hunger is so common that it is important to understand the non­obvious ways in which our preferences and decisions may be affected by it，” he said. In an earlier study of the subject by a team at Cambridge University in England, the researchers noted that serotonin plays a major role in the decision­making process.“Since the raw material for making serotonin—an amino acid called tryptophan—only comes from diet, levels of the chemical decline between meals，” reports a piece in the Telegraph about the study.“This can lead to aggressiveness and impulsiveness，”said the team. [语篇解读]　 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，饥饿会影响人的决策，文章介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及研究的发现及其意义。 5．How did Benjamin Vincent and Jordan Skrynka carry out their research? A．By analysing reasons. B．By making comparisons. C．By giving examples. D．By filling questionnaires. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...tested 50 people twice：once when they followed their normal eating patterns and once when they did not eat anything during the day.”可知，二人是通过比较进行研究的。] 6．The underlined word “bounty” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “　________　”． A．bonus 　　　　　　　 B．quantity C．income D．fortune 解析：A　[词义猜测题。根据前文中的the team discovered when presented with the choice of receiving the reward 可知，研究者让参与者选择接受奖励(reward)的时间，因此画线词的意思是“奖金(bonus)”。] 7．What conclusion can we draw from Vincent's study? A．It's common to make a wrong decision if you are hungry. B．Make sure you are not hungry before making a big decision. C．The hungrier you are, the quicker you will make a decision. D．Being hungry drives you to make a decision connected with food. 解析：B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的Hunger is so common that it is important to understand the non­obvious ways in which our preferences and decisions may be affected by it可知，我们的决定可能会受到饥饿的影响。故选B项。] 8．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．What should be eaten to make a wise man. B．How we can get enough serotonin from our diet. C．What other factors will influence one's decision­ making. D．How a chemical functions in the course of making a decision. 解析：D　[主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“...the researchers noted that serotonin plays a major role in the decision­making process.”可知，最后一段主要叙述了在做决定的过程中一种化学物质是如何起作用的。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 A scientist is a person who explores and examines aspects of a certain field to better understand how they function.The process of exploration follows a strict set of rules known as the scientific method.　__1__　 The primary duty of a scientist in any field is to do research.　__2__　 A scientist who specializes in microbiology could study germs, while a scientist who studies the atmosphere could research the pattern of the wind. Apart from devoting himself to the research, a scientist can also work for employers.　__3__　 Besides, universities and some governmental organizations also require scientists to teach and research.Some scientists are able to get research funds independently or participate in a funded scientific project and spend their time working toward a clear goal. 　__4__　 This usually means getting a PhD in the chosen field.In many cases, it also means finding work opportunities during school.They can provide the person with practical experience.Many scientists regularly publish their findings or notes of their work. Some scientists, such as a doctor, might require official certificates (证书)．　__5__　 The requirements and duties of scientists are as broad and various as the area which they study. A．Being a scientist requires a very good education. B．In different fields, their research can be different. C．Others might only need membership in an association. D．A scientist may make use of the results of others' research. E．The purpose of science is to produce useful models of reality. F．There are large companies that hire scientists to help with their products. G．The method ensures that new discoveries are factual and not just theories. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学探索过程中需要遵循的一些规则。 1．G　[细节句。上文提到探索过程中需要遵循科学方法，G项“The method ensures that new discoveries are factual and not just theories.”中的“The method”和上文中的“method”相呼应，因此G项承接上文，符合语境。故选G。] 2．B　[过渡句。根据上文“The primary duty of a scientist in any field is to do research.”和下文“A scientist who specializes in microbiology could study germs，while a scientist who studies the atmosphere could research the pattern of the wind.”可知，在不同领域的科学家研究的东西不一样；B项“In different fields，their research can be different.”正好说明这一点，承上启下，符合语境。故选B。] 3．F　[细节句。上文提到科学家可以受雇于他人，F项“There are large companies that hire scientists to help with their products.”中的“hire scientists”和上文中的“work for employers”相呼应，因此F项承接上文，符合语境。故选F。] 4．A　[主旨句。空格处位于段首，故推测为本段的主旨句。下文“This usually means getting a PhD in the chosen field.In many cases，it also means finding work opportunities during school.”讲了科学家和教育之间的联系，A项“Being a scientist requires a very good education.”说明了科学家需要良好的教育，引领下文，符合语境。故选A。] 5．C　[细节句。上文提到一些科学家可能需要正式证书，C项“Others might only need membership in an association.”中的“Others”和上文中的“Some scientists”相呼应，“need”和“require”相呼应，“membership in an association” 和“official certificates”相呼应，因此C项承接上文，符合语境。故选C。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Technology is changing the face of the world, and now faces are changing technology too.Facial recognition technology,1.　____________　 its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data, has come into widespread use.It works by comparing the facial features of 2.　____________　 (give) images with what are in a database.It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords, and you cannot forget your own face! In theory，networks which use our own body as passwords should also be 3.　____________　 (safe) from hackers and better protect us from identity theft than 4.　____________　 that use traditional passwords, mainly because every individual is unique.The technology 5.　____________　 (be) especially useful in public places：banks, airports and railway stations, to name but a few. However, facial recognition technology has also started to pose some difficult questions. Experts have been giving 6.　____________　 (warn) about this technology, saying it may not be as good as we think.Facial expressions often vary, 7.　____________　makes facial recognition less effective.Moreover, there is growing concern 8.　____________　 we might fall victim to this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people's social media photos 9.　____________　 (build) models of their faces. Scientists and engineers have been urged to improve existing technology and make it failsafe.Apparently, this will be 10.　____________　 tough task.Whatever happens, we need to make sure that facial recognition technology can be trusted—or we will have to face the consequences. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人脸识别技术的作用和存在的问题。 1．with　[考查介词。根据语境可知，空格处表示“因为，由于”，应用with与后面的“its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data”构成介词短语，在句中作原因状语。故填with。句意：人脸识别技术因为其分析大量数据的能力，已经得到了广泛的应用。] 2．given　[考查过去分词。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词works，所以空格处应用非谓语动词；images和所给提示词give之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以空格处应用过去分词作定语。故填given。句意：它的工作原理是将特定图像的面部特征与数据库中的特征进行比较。] 3．safer　[考查形容词的比较级。根据语境和空格后的than可知，此处把使用传统密码的网络和使用我们自己的身体作为密码的网络进行对比，应用形容词的比较级。故填safer。句意：从理论上讲，与使用传统密码的网络相比，使用我们自己的身体作为密码的网络也应该更安全，不受黑客攻击，更好地保护我们免受身份盗窃，这主要是因为每个人都是独一无二的。] 4．those　[考查代词。分析句子成分可知，空格处指代上文提到的networks，为复数形式，指代复数应用those。故填those。句意同上题。] 5．is　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且句子主语technology为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数。故填is。句意：这项技术在公共场所尤其有用：银行、机场和火车站等等，不一而足。] 6．warnings　[考查名词及其单复数。分析句子成分可知，空格处应用名词，作“have been giving”的宾语，warn的名词形式warning为可数名词，专家们发出的警告不止一个，应用复数形式。故填warnings。句意：专家们一直在对这项技术发出警告，称它可能没有我们想象的那么好。] 7．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，且关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。句意：面部表情经常会发生变化，这使得面部识别效率降低。] 8．that　[考查同位语从句。分析句子成分可知，空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明concern的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，所以应用that。故填that。句意：此外，人们越来越担心我们可能会成为这项技术的受害者，因为有黑客利用人们的社交媒体照片来构建人脸模型，从而侵入人脸识别系统的案例。] 9．to build　[考查动词不定式。use sth.to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”，为固定用法。故填to build。句意同上题。] 10．a　[考查冠词。分析句子可知，空格后的task为可数名词，此处泛指一项艰巨的任务，应用不定冠词；且tough以辅音音素开头。故填a。句意：显然，这将是一项艰巨的任务。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $