U3 并列句与复合句-2025-2026学年高中英语选修二语法知识点全解（沪教版）

高中选修2沪教牛津版 【语法专版】 U3核心语法解析 语法精讲 【专题】并列句与复合句 沪教牛津版·选修2Unit3 考频分析 沪教牛津版选修2-U3中，并列句与复合句是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的25%左右，贯穿试 卷核心题型：单项选择(3-4题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(2-3题)、书面表达（核心考察， 直接影响句子逻辑与结构复杂性)。在语境理解类题目中，并列连词的选用、复合句的从句类型及 引导词辨析往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·并列句连接词：and、but、or、so、for等并列连词的语义辨析与句子连接 ·复合句类型：定语从句（关系代词which/hat/who/whom/whose与关系副词where/when/why的选用）、 状语从句（时间、条件、原因、让步、结果等类型的引导词及主从句时态呼应）、名词性从句（主 语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句的连接词that/whether/if及疑问词的使用) ·句式转换与合并：简单句改写为并列句或复合句，并列句与复合句之间的转换，以及避免句式杂糅 的规范表达 知识点一：并列句与复合句 1.并列句（由并列连词连接两个或多个独立分句） 1.常见并列连词： 。and(和，表并列) 。but(但是，表转折) 。or(或者，表选择) 。s0(所以，表结果) 2.例句： 。I like coffee and she likes tea.(and连接并列关系分句) ●He is tired but he still works hard.(but连接转折关系分句) 高中选修2沪教牛津版 【语法专版】U3核心语法解析 2.复合句（由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成，从句需用从属连词引导） 1.宾语从句（作动词/介词的宾语，常用从属连词that/if/whether/疑问词)： I think (that)he is right. She asked if I would go. 2.状语从句（作状语修饰主句，按功能分时间/条件/原因等，常用从属连词when/if/because等）： ·When it rains,.I stay at home..(时间状语从句) ·Because he was ill,he didn't come..（原因状语从句) 3.定语从句（修饰名词/代词，常用关系代词who/which/hat或关系副词where/when等引导）： ●The book that I bought yesterday is interesting.(that引导定语从句修饰book) 知识点二：并列句与复合句的结构及用法 1.并列句（由并列连词连接两个或多个独立分句） 1.常用并列连词： ·and(和，表并列/顺承) 。but(但是，表转折) ·or(或者/否则，表选择/条件) 。S0(所以，表结果) 。for(因为，表原因，不位于句首) 2.结构：分句1+并列连词+分句2（分句均为完整句子，有独立主谓） 3.例句： ·She likes singing,and she often practices in the park.(and表并s列) ●Ie tried his best,.but he still failed the exam.(but表转折) 。You can stay at home,or you can go out with us.(or表选择) ·It was raining heavily,so we decided to stay indoors.(so表结果) ·He must be ill,for he hasn't come to school today.(for表原因) 2.复合句（由主句和从句构成，从句多由引导词引导） 1.宾语从句（充当主句谓语动词的宾语，位于及物动词/介词后)： ·引导词：hat(无意义，可省略)、if/whether(是否)、what/who/where等特殊疑问词 ·语序：从句用陈述语序 2 高中选修2沪教牛津版 【语法专版】U3核心语法解析 。时态：主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况用任意时态：主句为一般过去时，从句用相应 过去时态（客观真理用一般现在时） ·例句： 1.I think (that)she will come tomorrow. 2.He asked if/whether we had finished the work. 3.Do you know where he lives now? 4.She said the earth goes around the sun. 2.状语从句（修饰主句谓语动词，表时间、条件、原因、让步、结果等）： 。时间状语从句(when/while/as/until//before/after/since等引导)： 1.I was reading when he came in 2.She has lived here since she was born. ·条件状语从句(if/unless引导)： 1.If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home 2.You will fail unless you work hard. ●让步状语从句(though/although引导)： 1.Though he is young,he knows a lot. 3.定语从句（修饰主句中的名词或代词，即先行词，从句由关系代词/副词引导)： 。关系代词：that(指人/物)、which(指物)、who/whom(指人)、whose(指”…的”，表所属) ●关系副词：where（指地点)、when(指时间)、why(指原因) ·例句： 1.This is the book that/which I bought yesterday. 2.The girl who is standing there is my sister. 3.This is the city where I was born. 知识点三：并列句与复合句 1.并列句 1.基础连词分类： 。and(和：并且)→I like apples and my sister likes bananas. 。but(但是)→She is tired but she still works hard,. ·or（或者；否则)一Hurry up,or you will miss the bus. ●so(所以)→It rains heavily,,so we stay at home ●for(因为)→He didn't go to school,for he was ill, 3 高中选修2沪教牛津版 【语法专版】U3核心语法解析 2.特殊并列结构： ●not only.but also.(不仅…而且…)→She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.. 。either.or.(要么…要么…)→Either you or he is right. 。neither..nor.(既不…也不…)→Neither I nor my brother likes swimming. 2.复合句（状语从句） 1.时间状语从句： 。when（当…时)一→I was reading when the phone rang. 。while(当…时：然而)→While she was watching TV,I was doing homework ●until(直到…)→He waited until his mother came back. ●as soon as(一…就…)→I will call you as soon as I arrive. 2.条件状语从句： ●if(如果)→If it rains tomor'ow,we will stay at home. 。unless(除非；如果不)一→You won't pass the exam unless you study hard. 3.原因状语从句： ●because(因为)→He was late because he missed the bus. ·since(既然；因为)→Since you are free,why not go shopping with me? 4.让步状语从句： ●although/though(虽然；尽管)→Although it's hard,we will try our best. ·even if(即使)→Even if it rains,,we will go hiking. 3.复合句（宾语从句） 1.连接词选择： ●that(无意义，可省略)→He said(that)he would come. 。if/whether(是否)→Idon't know if he will come tomorrow. 。what/who/.where等特殊疑问词→She asked where I lived. 2.语序规则： 。陈述句语序（主语+谓语）→Can you tell me what time it is? 3.时态呼应： ●主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态→He said he had finished his homework, 。从句表客观真理，用一般现在时→The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun. 4 高中选修2沪教牛津版 【语法专版】U3核心语法解析 解题小妙招 并列复合句妙招 并列分句表平等，and but or来连接： 复合主从不平等，从句需用连词引： 并列连词连分句，从属连词引从句： 转折关系用but,条件状语f来导。 非谓转换妙招 非谓作状看关系，主动现分被动过： 先于主句用完成，having done主动先： 状语从句转非谓，连词主语可省略： because从句被动转，直接保留过去分。 非谓复合综合招 作定主动用现分，被动关系过去随： enjoy后接动名词，practice doing要记牢； 目的状语不定式，todo放句表目的： 比较级中主将从，the+比较级+the+比较级。 考法精析 考法一：并列句与复合句的识别与连接词选择 核心：根据句子结构及逻辑关系，区分并列句与复合句，并选择恰当的连接词 真题1（语法填空)： She likes playing the piano-her brother prefers playing basketball. 答案：but 解析：前后为两个独立分句，表转折关系，用并列连词but。 真题2（完形填空）： I will go to the park with you-I finish my homework. A.and B.but C.if D.so 答案：C 解析：后句”完成作业”是前句”去公园”的条件，用从属连词f引导条件状语从句，构成复合句。 考法二：非谓语动词与状语从句的转换 高中选修2沪教牛津版 【语法专版】 U3核心语法解析 核心：识别非谓语动词作状语与状语从句的对应关系，完成句式转换或语法填空 真题1（语法填空)： -(finish)his homework,he went out to play basketball. 答案：Having finished 解析：句中”完成作业”发生在出去玩”之前，且逻辑主语he与finish为主动关系，用现在分词完 成式Having finished作时间状语，相当于After he had finished his homework。 真题2（句式转换)： Because she was encouraged by her teacher,she decided to try again. 转换句：_by her teacher,,she decided to try again. 答案：Encouraged 解析：原句为原因状语从句，转换时保留逻辑主语she与encourage的被动关系，用过去分词En couraged作原因状语，相当于Because she was encouraged, 考法三：并列句与复合句的综合辨析及转换 核心：区分并列句（并列连词连接独立分句）与复合句（主句+从句，含宾语/状语定语从句），掌 握句式转换规则 真题1（单项选择)： -he is very busy,he still helps me with my English every day. A.So B.But C.Although D.And 答案：C 解析：前半句”他很忙与后半句”每天帮我学英语存在转折关系，且后半句为主句，前半句为从 句，需用从属连词引导让步状语从句，although表”虽然”符合语境：so表结果，but表并列转折 (不可与though/although连用)，and表并列，均不符合。 真题2（语法填空）： I don't know if she_(come)tomorrow.If she_(come),I will call you. 答案：will come;comes 解析：第一句为宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句中有时间标志词'tomorrow”,用一般将来时will come:第二句为f引导的条件状语从句，需用一般现在时表将来，主语she为第三人称单数，谓语 动词用comes。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.We will have a picnic tomorrow-the weather is fine. A.and B.but C.if D.so 6 高中选修2沪教牛津版 【语法专版】U3核心语法解析 2.The boy is standing at the door is my brother.He wantsa new bike. A.who;to buy B.which;buying C.whom;buy D.that;buy 3.English well,she practices speaking it every morning. A.Learn B.To learn C.Learning D.Learned 4.I enjoy-books in the library,but today I forgot-my library card. A.reading;to bring B.to read,bringing C.read;bring D.reading;bringing 5.He told me he-to Beijing twice before he came to Shanghai. A.has been B.was C.had been D.will be 6.-by the teacher,the students decided to study harder. A.Encouraging B.Encouraged C.To encourage D.Encourage 7.This is the park_we visited last summer.I still rememberhere with my family. A.where;to play B.which;playing C.who;played D.when;play 8.If it_tomorrow,we_stay at home and watch movies. A.rains;will B.will rain;will C.rains;do D.rained;would 9.-the meeting,all of us went to the restaurant for dinner. A.Finish B.Finishing C.Finished D.To finish 10.The more you practice,the-progress you will make. A.great B.greater C.greatest D.greatly 演练二：填空试题（共10题） l.She likes singing一her sister prefers dancing.(并列连词) 2.Idon"t know_he will come tomorrow.(从属连词，表”是否) 3.一(get)to school on time,he usually gets up at6:30a.m.(非谓语动词) 4.The book一(wite)by Lu Xun is very popular.(非谓语动词) 5.My mother often tells me that I_(study)hard if I want to go to college.( 6.They decided(visit)the Great Wall next month.(非谓语动词) 7._(not be)late for class again,.or the teacher will be angry.(祈使句) 8.The girl一is talking to our teacher is from Class3.(关系代词) 9.We are interested in一(Ieam)about different cultures.(非谓语动词) l0.If you一(not hurry),you will miss the last bus..(时态) 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) 7 高中选修2沪教牛津版 【语法专版】 U3核心语法解析 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is important for students to learn how to manage their time.-(achieve)good grades,we need to make a study plan and stick to it.Many students find it difficult-(balance)study and hobbies,but in fact,proper relaxation can help us study better. Last week,our teacher told us that time-(wait)for no one.She suggested-(use)a calendar to mark important deadlines,such as exam dates and homework due days.we follow this advice,we will avoid rushing through tasks at the last minute. My deskmate,Lily,is a good example.She spends two hours_(read)every evening and always finishes her homework on time.-(encourage)by her,I started to keep a study diary last month.Now I feel more organized and_(confidence)about my studies. Remember:_(plan)your time well is the first step to success.The more you manage your time wisely, the-(easy)your school life will be. 参考答案 演练-：1.C2.A3.B4.A5.C6.B7B8.A9.C10B 1.but 2.if/whether 3.To get 4.written 5.should/must/need to 6.to visit 7.Don't be 8.who/that 9.learning 10.don't hurry 1.To achieve 2.to balance 3.waits 4.using 5.If 6.reading 7.Encouraged 8.confident 9.Planning 10.easier P