UNIT 8 SECTION Ⅴ LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（北师大版）

本讲义围绕“共享单车”主题语篇展开，系统梳理核心词汇（如therefore, destination）、短语（come up with, thanks to）及句型（so that目的状语从句、不定式作目的状语），通过单词拓展、短语辨析、句型讲解构建学习支架，帮助学生从阿姆斯特丹历史到全球及中国现状的脉络中掌握语言知识。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力、文化意识与思维品质培养。通过对比阿姆斯特丹与中国共享单车发展，引导学生分析问题解决过程，提升跨文化认知；设计分层练习（基础、应用、综合），课中助力教师高效授课，课后帮助学生自主巩固，弥补知识盲点。

SECTION Ⅴ LESSON 3　 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD [教材原文] People in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for years.The idea began about 50 years ago，and was first known as“white bikes”．Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it's flat and therefore convenient for bikes.There are also plenty of places for bicycle parking and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path.Because of its convenience for bicycles，Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike.Some people even call Amsterdam“the City of Bicycles”． Where did the idea of“white bikes”come from？In the 1960s，a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren't allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.They were hopeful that this would help to save energy，reduce pollution and provide free public transport.The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people to use.Anyone was allowed to take them and use them for short journeys. People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. Soon after，however, problems came up and the “white bikes”all disappeared—thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks! In 1999, the “white bikes”returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！To take a bicycle, you had to put in a special card. The new “white bikes”were not actually white but painted in bright colours. The bikes were parked at special parking places . Thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their destination and leave them there. Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”，you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes”has pedalled its way around the world and there has been a global increase in bike­sharing. In China, more and more cities have their own “white bike”programmes. Both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes because bike­sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution，and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.However, problems can also develop, like the theft of bikes and parking issues. Fortunately，people are trying different ways of solving those problems. Where will bike­sharing go in China？You decide. [汉语译文] 多年来阿姆斯特丹的居民一直享受着骑自行车的益处。这源于大约50年前，最初被称为“白色自行车”的想法。阿姆斯特丹是个适合骑行的城市，因为它地势平坦，因此(therefore)方便骑行。也有很多地方可以停放自行车，市中心的大多数街道都有自行车道(path)。由于方便骑行，阿姆斯特丹非常受骑行者的欢迎——有高达38%的出行使用自行车。有些人甚至称阿姆斯特丹为“自行车之城”。 “白色(white)自行车”的概念来自哪里呢？20世纪60年代一群骑行爱好者提出(come up with)了一个想法。他们认为，如果市中心不允许使用汽车而只能用自行车，这会让所有人都受益。他们希望这样能够帮助节约能源，减少污染并提供免费的公共交通。这群人将数百辆自行车涂成白色放置在阿姆斯特丹的许多地方供人们使用。任何人都能够骑这些自行车做短途出行。人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续取用。然而不久就出了问题，“白色自行车”全都消失(disappear)了，小偷在几周内偷光了所有的自行车！ 1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹，这次车安装了电子跟踪(tracking)系统以记录它们的“一举一动！”要使用自行车，必须插入专用的卡片。新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。自行车要停放在专用的停车场。因此，使用者到达目的地(destination)之后，必须将自行车停放到附近的专用停车场。 由于这个提议以及众多人的努力，例如20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人的努力，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。 如今，“白色自行车”的概念已经在世界范围内广泛传播(pedal)，全球的共享单车的数量也在增加。 在中国，越来越多的城市拥有了自己的“白色自行车”计划。本地人和游客都喜欢骑共享单车，因为共享单车既便宜又方便，可以节约能源、减少空气和噪声污染，使人享受在城市里运动的益处。然而，问题也随之而来，例如自行车被盗和停放问题。幸运的是，人们正在尝试不同的方法来解决那些问题。在中国，共享单车未来会走向何方？这由你来决定。 ●基础单词 1．　parking　 n．(车辆等的)停放 2．　therefore　 adv.因此；由此 3．　path　 n．小径，小道 4．　destination　 n．目的地；终点 5．　transport　 n．运输；交通 6．　pedal　 vi.& vt.骑；n.踏板 ●拓展单词 1．　advantage　 n．有利条件； 优势→　disadvantage　 n．不利条件； 不便之处 2．　disappear　 vi.消失；失踪→　appear　 vi.出现→　disappearance　 n．消失 3．　tracking　 n．跟踪→　track　 v．跟踪；追踪；n.跑道 1．　be_known_as　作为……而著名 2．　plenty_of　丰富的，大量的；足够的 3．　become_popular_with　受……欢迎 4．　come_up_with　想出，想到 5．　soon_after　不久之后 6．　come_up　(困难或问题)出现 7．　in_a_matter_of_weeks　仅仅几周内；仅仅过了几周 8．　thanks_to　由于；因为；多亏，幸亏 9．　a_way_to_do_sth.　做某事的方式 10．　put_forward　提出(观点、看法等) 11．　make_sure　一定，确保 12．　keep_a_record_of　将……记录下来 13．　be_similar_to　与……相似 1．so that引导目的状语从句。 People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. 人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方，以便其他人可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。 2．不定式作目的状语。 To take a bicycle，you had to put in a special card. 要使用自行车，必须插入专用的卡片。 Choose the best answers according to the text. 1．Amsterdam is called the “City of Bicycles” because of 　________　. A．the cycling fans there B．the appearance of bicycles C．the quality of bicycles D．the convenience for bicycles 2．In the 1960s，some cycling fans hoped bikes could 　________　. A．help to save energy B．be specially designed C．be placed anywhere D．be painted in different colours 3．Why did the first “white bike” plan fail? A．People were tired of riding bikes. B．There were not enough parking places. C．Thieves took all the bikes within weeks. D．The government allowed people to drive cars freely. 4．What do people use if they want to take a “white bike” in the city? A．A white key. B．A special card. C．A special computer. D．A common chip. 5．Which is not the reason why shared bikes are popular? A．Being cheap. B．Saving energy. C．Being comfortable. D．Reducing air and noise pollution. 答案：1.D　2.A　3.C　4.B　5.C 1．therefore adv.因此；由此 therefore adv.因此，正式用词，表示严密的推理 so conj.因此，常用于会话和日常文体中，推论不必严密 ◆[经典佳句] 　He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. 因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究。 Therefore，it goes without saying that it is this motto that brings me motivation and encouragement. 因此，不用说就是这个格言给我带来了动力和鼓励。 Therefore they don't consider whether they can afford it or not. 因此，他们不考虑是否能支付得起它。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①The Summer Palace is worth a visit.　Therefore　，I plan to have a look at it this summer holiday. ②Exercising is of great benefit to both our physical and mental health, and 　therefore　 you should work out regularly. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 同义句转换 ③Cycling is actually a good kind of exercise.As a result，I go cycling with my friends every Sunday. →Cycling is actually a good kind of exercise.　Therefore　，I go cycling with my friends every Sunday. 2．provide vt.提供；供应 provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物 provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物 provide for抚养；供养 ◆[经典佳句] 　She provided her father with all the food and money he wanted. 她给她父亲提供他所需要的食物和金钱。 He was very poor because he had to provide for five children. 他很穷，因为他要抚养五个孩子。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①He 　provided_for_his_family　 by selling newspapers. 他靠卖报来养活他的家人。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 同义句转换 ②Did your parents provide food and clothes for you in the university? ＝Did your parents 　provide_you_with_food_and_clothes　 in the university? 3．come up with想出，想到 come up 走近；上来；被提出 come about 发生；产生 come across 遇见；(偶然)发现 come out 出来；出版 come to 苏醒；总计；达到 when it comes to...当谈到……(to为介词) ◆[经典佳句] 　He came up with a really creative solution to the problem. 他想到了一个真正具有创造性的解决问题的方案。 Can you tell me when it came about? 你能告诉我这是何时发生的吗？ I came across my old friend at the office yesterday. 昨天在办公室，我偶然碰见了我的老朋友。 When it comes to making friends，you cannot be too careful. 一谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①We came up 　with　 an interesting idea. ②If I know how it came 　about　，I will tell you. ③I came 　across　 my college roommate yesterday. ④When it comes to 　educating　 (educate) children，the Chinese parents think little of money. ⑤His income comes 　to　 one hundred thousand yuan a year. 4．disappear vi.消失，不见；失踪 　(1)disappear from view/sight从视线中消失 disappear behind/into消失在……后/中 disappear into the depths of消失在……深处 (2)disappearance n．消失；失踪；绝迹 (3)appear vi.出现；出版；显得；好像 ◆[经典佳句] 　The sun disappeared behind a cloud. 太阳消失在一片云后面。 My wallet has disappeared from the table. 我放在桌子上的钱包不见了。 Scientists try to explain their disappearance. 科学家努力解释它们消失的原因。 An article about him appeared in the newspaper.一篇有关他的文章在报纸上发表。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①The 　disappearance　(disappear)of the wolves had many unexpected results. ②I saw him step off the pavement，cross the road，and disappear 　into　 the post office. ③It crashed through a wooden fence and 　disappeared　 (disappear)． ④When winter arrives，many animals stop being active and disappear 　from　 sight. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤Lisa watched until the train 　disappeared_from_view/sight　(从视线中消失)． ⑥　It_appeared_that　(看起来)he had a taste for music. 5．be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 ◆[经典佳句] 　This would allow them to draw up detailed plans. 这些信息有助于他们制订详细的计划。 The injured were allowed to go home after treatment. 伤者在医院的治疗后被获准回家。 You are not allowed to park here unless you have a permit. 除非你有许可证，否则不许在这里停车。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①At that time，she was not allowed 　to_run　(run) and win glory for herself in the Olympic Games. ②They allowed tourists 　to_hunt　(hunt) only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 翻译句子 ③我们学校不允许吸烟。 　Our_school_doesn't_allow_smoking　. 6．thanks to幸亏；由于；因为 　thanks for 因……而感谢 thanks a lot 非常感谢；多谢 many thanks 多谢，十分感谢 ◆[经典佳句] 　Thanks for your help. 非常感谢您对我的帮助。 Many thanks for your invitation. 非常感谢你的邀请。 Thanks a lot for everything you did for me. 非常感谢你为我做的一切。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Thanks 　to　 the disease，I have the opportunity to improve my character. ②Thanks 　for　 your umbrella. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 一句多译 非常感谢你的支持！ ③　Thanks_a_lot　 for your support! ④　Many_thanks　 for your support! 7．make sure确保，确定；弄清楚，查明 (2)be sure of对……有把握 (3)for sure无疑，确定，准保 ◆[经典佳句] 　You had better go through your homework again to make sure that nothing has been missed. 你最好把作业再检查一遍，免得漏掉什么。 Make sure to come on time.务必要及时赶到。 He got up early and made sure of catching the early bus. 他起得很早，确保赶上了早班公共汽车。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①I always buy my ticket in advance to make sure of 　getting　(get) a seat. ②Make sure 　to_speak　(speak)with your doctor. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ③You'd better 　make_sure_that　(确保)you are safe. ④You must 　make_sure_of　(弄清楚)the time and place. ⑤I can say 　for_sure　(肯定地)that the email will never take the place of the letter. 1．(教材P36)People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. 人们会把自行车放在他们结束旅程的地方，以便其他人可以从那里把自行车取走并使用它。 　[句式结构]　 so that引导目的状语从句。 ◆[规律总结] (1)so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，可用in order that 替换，从句中常有may，can，could等情态动词。 (2)so that引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，通常不与情态动词连用，从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。 ◆[经典佳句] 　I will leave so that you can concentrate on your work. 我这就走，以便让你专心工作。 He came in quietly so that he wouldn't wake his wife up. 他轻轻地走进来，为了不把他的妻子吵醒。 I got up early，so that I caught the first bus. 我起得很早，所以赶上了第一班公共汽车。 ◆[名师点津] 　in order that也可以引导目的状语从句，常与so that互换，so that一般不用于句首，而in order that可用于句首。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①We must study harder 　so_that_we_could_realize_our_dreams_earlier　. 为了早日实现我们的梦想，我们要更加努力地学习。 ②They started out early，　so_that_they_didn't_miss_the_train　. 他们早早地出发了，所以没误火车。　　 ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 同义句转换 ③He left early in order that he could avoid the traffic jam. →He left early 　so_that　 he could avoid the traffic jam. 2．(教材P37)To take a bicycle，you had to put in a special card. 要使用自行车，必须插入专用的卡片。 　[句式结构]　 to take a bicycle为不定式短语作目的状语。 ◆[规律总结] 动词不定式作目的状语通常译为“为了……”，主要有以下三种结构形式： (1)(not) to do 位于句首或句尾。位于句首时表示强调。 (2)In order (not) to do 位于句首或句尾。突出目的性。 (3)So as (not) to do 只位于句尾。 ◆[经典佳句] 　They worked hard to get good marks in the final exams. 为了在期终考试中得到好分数，他们很用功。 They took exercise every day to keep healthy. 他们为了保持健康每天运动。 In order to learn spoken English well，he often talks with American friends. 为了学好口语他常常和美国朋友交谈。 Lily saw many Chinese films so as to know more about China. 莉莉看了很多中国电影以便更多地了解中国。 ◆[误区规避]　语法填空： He got up early 　________　(catch) the first bus. (可能失误)填catching (正确表达)填to catch (错误分析)此处表示“早起”的目的，并非结果，故填to catch。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Mr.Zhang does what he can 　to_help　 (help) us improve our English. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 一句多译 我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。 ②We'll hold a meeting 　to_discuss　 the unhealthy lifestyle. ③We'll hold a meeting 　in_order_to_discuss　 the unhealthy lifestyle. ④We'll hold a meeting 　so_as_to_discuss　 the unhealthy lifestyle. ⑤　To/In_order_to_discuss　 the unhealthy lifestyle，we'll hold a meeting. [基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．There is no 　parking　(停放)here between 9 a．m and 6 p．m. 2．He lost his health，and 　therefore　(因此)his difficulties increased. 3．We followed the 　path　(小路，小径)to the small village. 4．I don't know when my dictionary 　disappeared　(消失，不见)． 5．All citizens should help the police in 　tracking　(跟踪)the thief down. 6．Spain is still our most popular holiday 　destination　(目的地)． Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．I don't think it is convenient for him 　to_meet　 (meet) her at the station. 2．They don't allow 　parking　 (park) in this street. 3．They watched the train until it 　disappeared　 (disappear) in the distance. 4．I see other trains coming and going.I also do not know their 　destinations　 (destination)． 5．Thanks 　to　 your advice，much trouble was saved. 6．I hope you can come up 　with　 a better plan than this. 7．The little boy saved every coin so 　that　 he could buy his mother a present on Mother's Day. 8．The doctors are busy doing what they can 　to_save　 (save) the dying man. 9．Once the drink is gone，the straw will take centuries 　to_disappear　(disappear)． 10．Hearing these stories，I'm skeptical about the place－other 　destinations　(destination) are described as “pure” natural experiences. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．Is this the best answer that you can 　come_up_with　 (想出)? 2．I need 　plenty_of　 (充裕的) time to finish the work. 3．　Soon_after　 (不久之后)，in 1945，they were married. 4．　Thanks_to　 (多亏) his encouragement，I finally realized my dream. 5．If it 　is_convenient_for　 (对……来说很方便) you，we'll come tomorrow. 6．John 　is_famous_as　(作为……而著名) an artist rather than a teacher. [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Reese was a 13­year­old senior dog who liked nothing more than to love her human. Unfortunately, while that love was returned to Reese, her owner just didn't have the time to care for her.So, the family did the only thing they could think of. They took Reese and dropped her off in a stranger's yard with a note tied to her rope, explaining their situation at that time.Hopefully, this “new owner”would be able to give Reese a better life. It wasn't that Reese's previous owner didn't want the dog. It's just that they didn't have the time to take care of a senior dog. They didn't think it was fair to keep Reese around when they had four young kids to take care of, let alone Reese wasn't exactly fond of kids. All she wanted to do was lie around and love her human—her fully grown human. Instead of bringing Reese to a shelter, her owner chose to do something a bit unusual. They brought Reese to a stranger's house and, without even knocking on the door，left her in the yard and drove away. But the stranger's front lawn couldn't keep the senior dog either. They weren't going to do the same thing as the dog's previous owner, though. The stranger was going to take steps to make sure that Reese found a forever home that loved her. Not really knowing where to start，the stranger went to Facebook，posting in a private group about their unusual situation.At the very least，they hoped someone could point them in the right direction.Then again，at the very best，maybe someone would want to take Reese in! Robyn Klein was an old lady and agreed to take Reese into her home.When Robyn took in Reese，she introduced the senior dog to her mother，Suzy Reeves.It was pretty much love the moment she saw Reese.Suzy just had a feeling that there was something special about the dog，and she was ready for another companion(陪伴)． 1．What might the note tied to Reese be about? A．Directions for how to feed the dog. B．Reasons for giving up the dog. C．The problems with the dog. D．Requirements for sending the dog to a shelter. 2．Which might be one of the reasons for the dog's being sent away? A．It became a danger to the children. B．It was too old to take care of itself. C．It failed to get along well with kids. D．It needed a larger living space. 3．What was the stranger's greatest wish when turning to the Internet? A．To find the homeless dog a new home. B．To find out the dog's previous owner. C．To ask for advice on dealing with the dog. D．To search for information on raising a dog. 4．Who fell in love with the senior dog at first sight? A．The stranger.　　 B．Robyn Klein. C．Its original owner. D．Suzy Reeves. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了老狗Reese因为主人没有时间照顾它，于是几经辗转，才找到收养家庭的故事。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They took Reese and dropped her off in a stranger's yard with a note tied to her rope，explaining their situation at that time.”可知，那张跟Reese有关的纸条是关于放弃狗的原因。故选B。] 2．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They didn't think it was fair to keep Reese around when they had four young kids to take care of，let alone Reese wasn't exactly fond of kids.”可知，这条狗被送走的原因之一可能是它和孩子们相处得不好。故选C。] 3．C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Not really knowing where to start，the stranger went to Facebook，posting in a private group about their unusual situation.At the very least，they hoped someone could point them in the right direction.”可知，这个陌生人上网时最大的愿望是征求处理狗的建议。故选C。] 4．D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“When Robyn took in Reese，she introduced the senior dog to her mother，Suzy Reeves.It was pretty much love the moment she saw Reese.(当Robyn收养Reese时，她把这只老狗介绍给了她的母亲Suzy Reeves。她一看见Reese就非常喜欢它)”可知，Suzy Reeves对老狗一见钟情。故选D。] B In the last 100 years, the global temperature has gone up by around 0.75 ℃.This may not sound like much, but an increase of 2 ℃ in global temperatures could result in extinction for 30% of the world's land species. On account of the changing climate, the world's ecosystems are also changing faster.More than one­third of the world's mangroves (红树林)and around 20% of the world's coral reefs(珊瑚礁)have been destroyed in the last few decades.Due to the higher temperatures and higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, plants are producing more pollen(花 粉), which could lead to more cases of asthma, a medical condition which makes it hard to breathe. What is causing climate change? It seems that the main cause is the huge amount of greenhouse gases, such as CH4 and CO2，but the real reason for this is that the world's population increases and more land is needed to provide food and energy.Burning fossil fuels for heating, lighting, transport，electricity or manufacturing produces CO2.By cutting down trees, we are increasing the amount of CO2 and reducing the amount of oxygen.As a result of human activities, CO2 levels are now at their highest in 800, 000 years. The biggest challenge we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters.We must do something before it is too late.We need to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.We need to stop burning fossil fuels and start using renewable energy.We can get enough energy from renewable fuels, such as solar energy or wind power to stop using fossil fuels completely. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了全球气候变暖的原因以及可能带来的后果，告诉读者，人类面临的最大挑战是防止进一步的环境灾难。 5．What is the author's main purpose in writing this article? A．To predict the effects of global warming. B．To describe the changes in nature. C．To urge the use of renewable energy. D．To warn people of natural disasters. 解析：C　[推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This may not sound like much, but an increase of 2 ℃ in global temperatures could result in extinction for 30% of the world's land species.(这听起来似乎不多，但全球气温上升2摄氏度可能会导致世界上30%的陆地物种灭绝。)”可知，由于全球气候变暖导致很多物种灭绝；文章第二段“On account of the changing climate, the world's ecosystems are also changing faster.(由于气候变化，世界生态系统的变化也更快。)”则提到了世界生态系统也遭到破坏；文章第三段“What is causing climate change? (是什么导致了气候变化？)”分析了气候变化的原因；而文章最后一段“We need to stop burning fossil fuels and start using renewable energy.(我们需要停止燃烧化石燃料，开始使用可再生能源。)”则提醒人类必须开始使用可再生能源以防止气候变暖。所以文章的目的是提醒人们开始使用可再生能源以防止气候变暖带来进一步的环境灾难。故选C。] 6．What's the result of the climate change? A．Ecology is badly affected. B．30% of species will die out. C．The amount of CO: is growing. D．More people die of asthma. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On account of the changing climate, the world's ecosystems are also changing faster.(由于气候变化，世界生态系统的变化也更快。)”可知，气候变暖使世界生态系统也遭到破坏，故选A。] 7．What's the real cause of the changing climate? A．Cutting down trees. B．Increasing population. C．Burning fossil fuels. D．Greenhouse gases. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段“What is causing climate change? It seems that the main cause is the huge amount of greenhouse gases, such as CH4 and CO2, but the real reason for this is that the world's population increases and more land is needed to provide food and energy.(是什么导致了气候变化？似乎主要原因是大量的温室气体，如CH4和CO2，但真正的原因是世界人口的增长和需要更多的土地来提供食物和能源。)”可知，不断增长的世界人口才是导致气候变化的原因。故选B。] 8．What's the author's attitude towards further environmental disasters? A．What's done can not be undone. B．Man will surely defeat nature. C．Humans are nothing in face of nature. D．Actions are needed to resolve problems. 解析：D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“The biggest challenge we all face is to prevent further environmental disasters.We must do something before it is too late.(我们所有人面临的最大挑战是防止进一步的环境灾难。我们必须采取行动，否则就太迟了。)”可推断，面对未来可能产生的环境灾难，作者认为必须立刻采取行动。故选D。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Pro­golfer (职业高尔夫球员), Bubba Watson, is lifting the veil (掀开面纱)on his own mental health struggles with hopes of 　__1__　 fans there is always a lot more than meets the eye when it comes to 　__2__　. Watson shares his　__3__　with anxiety in a new book，Up and Down，which talks about his significant weight loss 　__4__　 an overly­stressed, racing mind. His weight loss was something the public mistook as a 　__5__　 health change. “People would say, ‘Oh, you look great.’”said Watson.“I wouldn't say anything, but I'd 　__6__　 to say, ‘No, there's something going on. I don't want to look this way.’” “Golf was 　__7__　 me，”he writes in his book，Up and Down: Victories and Struggles in the Course of Life. As Watson sought help and worked to identify his problems, he felt more 　__8__　 as he reduced emotional weight, causing him to get back physical weight—a(n) 　__9__　 for the 42­year­old. “When the 　__10__　 started coming back, I thought I needed to tell the world where I'm at，”Watson said. “It was a 　__11__　 to me.” According to Watson, if he reaches just one person with his 　__12__　， it's all worth it. “For me, personally, I want to share，”said Watson. “With my 　__13__　， I felt like if I could　__14__　 one person, if I could change one person and what or how they are thinking, maybe I could 　__15__　 a few more people.” 1．A.promising　　　　 B．reminding C．ordering D．asking 2．A.education B．match C．sports D．health 3．A.reactions B．struggles C．decisions D．advantages 4．A.more than B．except for C．due to D．instead of 5．A.positive B．passive C．similar D．familiar 6．A.agree B．decide C．want D．wait 7．A.confusing B．killing C．leading D．testing 8．A.surprised B．curious C．important D．balanced 9．A.choice B．chance C．win D．aim 10．A.belief B．weight C．honour D．luck 11．A.relief B．risk C．habit D．model 12. A．dreams B．jokes C．letters D．words 13．A.story B．trip C．role D．task 14．A.trust B．help C．follow D．find 15．A.challenge B．understand C．inspire D．accept [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了职业高尔夫球员Bubba Watson和心理健康问题作斗争的故事，以提醒球迷重视健康问题。 1．B　[下文语境题。根据下文fans there is always a lot more than meets the eye when it comes to　__2__　可知，职业高尔夫球员Bubba Watson揭开了自己心理健康问题的面纱，希望以此提醒(remind)球迷。故选B。] 2．D　[上文语境题。根据上文his own mental health struggles 可知，他希望以此提醒球迷，健康(health)问题没有表面上看到的那么简单。故选D。] 3．B　[上文语境题。根据上文Bubba Watson，is lifting the veil(掀开面纱)on his own mental health struggles可知，Watson在他的新书《起起伏伏》中分享了他与焦虑作斗争(struggle)的经历。故选B。] 4．C　[下文语境题。根据空后an overly­stressed，racing mind可知，书中谈到了由于(due to)压力过大、大脑不停歇，导致他的体重显著下降。故选C。] 5．A　[上文语境题。上文提到他是因压力过大，大脑不停歇导致的体重下降，根据本句中的mistook as可知，他的体重下降被公众误认为是一种积极的(positive)健康变化。故选A。] 6．C　[上下文语境题。根据but表示转折可知，我不会说什么，但我想(want)说，“不，发生了一些事。我不想看起来是这样。”故选C。] 7．B　[下文语境题。根据下文As Watson sought help and worked to identify his problems(当Watson寻求帮助，努力找出他的问题)可知，“高尔夫球简直要了(kill)我的命，”他在《起起伏伏：生命历程中的胜利与挣扎》一书中写道。故选B。] 8．D　[下文语境题。根据空后as he reduced emotional weight，causing him to get back physical weight可知，当Watson 寻求帮助并努力找出自己的问题时，他感到更加平衡(balanced)了，因为他减轻了情绪负重，使他恢复了体重。故选D。] 9．C　[上文语境题。根据前文he reduced emotional weight，causing him to get back physical weight可知，这对这位42岁的人来说是一个胜利(win)。故选C。] 10．B　[上文语境题。由上文causing him to get back physical weight可知，“当我的体重(wei­ght)开始回升时，我想我需要告诉世界我的处境，”Watson说。故选B。] 11．A　[上文语境题。根据上文I thought I needed to tell the world where I'm at可知，此处指告诉全世界这对他来说如释重负(relief)。故选A。] 12．D　[上文语境题。上文提到他想要告诉全世界他的遭遇，根据Watson的说法，如果有一个人听进去了他的话(words)，这一切都是值得的。故选D。] 13．A　[上文语境题。结合上文I thought I needed to tell the world where I'm at可知是通过他的故事(story)。故选A。] 14．B　[上下文语境题。结合语境可知，“通过我的故事，我觉得如果我能帮助(help)一个人，如果我能改变一个人以及他们的想法，也许我能激励更多的人”。故选B。] 15．C　[上文语境题。结合语境及if I could change one person and what or how they are thinking可知，Watson想通过自己的故事改变别人的想法，激励(inspire)别人战胜健康问题。故选C。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $