UNIT 8 SECTION Ⅰ TOPIC TALK-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册五维课堂教师用书word（北师大版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“绿色生活”主题，系统梳理环保相关基础词汇（如environment, pollution, recycle）、重点短语（如take action, live in harmony with）及基础句型（如how引导的宾语从句），通过词汇拓展（如industrial→industry）和语法点（as if虚拟语气、非限制性定语从句）构建从基础到应用的学习支架，衔接听说读写能力培养。 该资料以主题式整合与分层训练为特色，通过词汇辨析（如harmony的搭配用法）、语法实例（as if虚拟语气练习）提升语言能力，阅读理解和完形填空培养思维品质，分层练习题（基础、应用、综合）助力学习能力发展。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

UNIT 8 GREEN LIVING 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 为听说读写储备知识 Ⅰ.“说”什么——常用单词 1．environment n．环境 2．plant n．植物 3．animal n．动物 4．energy n．能源 5．pollution n．污染 6．protect vt.保护 7．nature n．自然 8．respect vt.尊敬，尊重 9．industrial adj.工业的 10．waste vt.浪费 11．educate vt.教育 12．organisation n．组织；团体 13．transport n．交通工具 14．effort n．努力 15．attitude n．态度 Ⅱ.怎么“说”——重点短语 1．attitudes to protecting the environment 对环境保护的态度 2．take action 采取措施/行动 3．recycle waste 回收废品 4．reduce pollution 减少污染 5．plant more trees 种植更多树木 6．live in harmony with...与……和平共处 7．global warming 全球变暖 8．different kinds of environmental problems 不同种类的环境问题 9．fight against 与……抗争 10．make a difference 起作用 Ⅲ.我会“说”——基础句型 1．This section will show us how pollution affects our environment and our health. 此部分将提示我们污染是如何影响环境和身心健康的。 2．I prefer to have a garden because I like being close to nature. 我喜欢花园的原因是因为我喜欢亲近大自然。 3．Why did she set up such an organisation and what is it for? 她为何要成立这么一个组织，其目的何在？ 4．Although there seemed only a slim chance that the trees could survive，the difficulty did not prevent her from trying. 尽管树木存活的希望渺茫，但困难并未能阻止她的尝试。 5．To make his dream come true is the meaning of my life. 实现他的梦想是我人生的意义所在。 6．She has shown that so­called“ordinary people”can do amazing things. 她展示了所谓的“普通百姓”也可作出惊人之举。 SECTION Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK ●基础单词 1．　tissue　 n．纸巾 2．　ocean　 n．海洋，大海 3．　smog　 n．雾霾 4．　desert　 n．沙漠 5．　transport　 n．交通运输系统，运输方式 6．　recycle　 v．再利用，回收利用 7．　flat　 n．一套公寓房，一套住房 adj.平坦的 ●拓展单词 1．　global　 adj.全球的，全世界的→　globe　 n．球体； 地球仪； 地球→　globally　 adv.全球性地；全世界地 2．　industrial　 adj.工业的→　industry　 n．工业 3．　extinction　 n．灭绝；绝种→　extinct　 adj.灭绝的；绝种的 4．　solution　 n．方法→　solve　 vt.解决；解答 5．　electricity　 n．电→　electric　 adj.电的；用电的→　electrical　 adj.与电有关的；用电的 6．　transport　 n．交通运输系统；运输方式→　transportation　 n．运输，交通/运输工具 7．　balance　 n．平衡 →　balanced　 adj.平衡的，平稳的，和谐的，有条不紊的 1．　for_instance　 例如 2．　a_way_to_do_sth.　 做某事的方法 3．　end_with　 以……结束 4．　lead_a．..life　 过着……样的生活 5．　in_harmony_with　 与……和谐相处 6．　prefer_to_do_sth.　 更喜欢做某事 7．　be_close_to_nature　 亲近大自然 8．　the_fight_against　与……的斗争 9．　global_warming　 全球变暖 10．　do_one's_part_for　 尽某人所能做某事 1．which引导的非限制性定语从句。 ...there are various types of pollution around us，which may cause different kinds of environmental problems... ……我们身边有许多不同类型的污染问题，它们能引起不同类型的环境问题…… 2．as if 引导的虚拟语气句。 We are using resources as if we had two planets... 我们使用资源时就好像我们拥有两个地球似的……。 1．solution n．解决办法；答案，谜底 　(1)a solution to...……的解决方法；……的答案 (2)solve vt.解决，处理 ◆[经典佳句] 　She proposed a possible solution to the mystery. 她提出了对这个奥秘的一种可能的解答。 Attempts are being made to solve the problem of water pollution. 正在想办法解决水污染问题。 ◆[名师点津] 名词后＋to的常用短语 the key to...……的关键 the way to...去……的路 the entrance to...……的入口 the answer to...……的答案 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①I had already taken steps to speed up a solution 　to　 the problem. ②The 　solution　(solve)，of course，was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ③We will meet at 　the_entrance_to_the_bookstore　(书店入口)on Friday morning. 2．harmony n．和谐；协调 　(1)in harmony with与……协调/一致 in harmony协调一致(相符合) out of harmony with与……不协调；与……不一致 (2)harmonious adj.友好和睦的；和谐的；协调的 ◆[经典佳句] 　Your suggestions are not in harmony with the aims of this project. 你的建议与本项目的目标不符。 The violin was out of harmony with the rest of the instruments. 小提琴拉得与其他乐器不协调。 Their harmonious relationship resulted in part from their similar goals. 他们关系融洽的一部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①We should protect wild animals from being harmed and live in harmony 　with　 them. ②The red sofa is out of harmony 　with　 the purple wall. ③Only in this way can we live 　in　 harmony with nature. ④So she felt greatly fortunate to live in such a 　harmonious　(harmony) community. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤Human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is 　to_live_in_harmony_with_nature　(与自然和谐相处)． 3．balance n．平衡；天平；余额 v．平衡；权衡 (1)keep one's balance保持平衡 lose one's balance失去平衡 out of balance失去平衡 in the balance悬而未决 (2)balance sth.against sth.权衡；斟酌；比较 (3)balanced adj.均衡的；平衡的；平稳的 ◆[经典佳句] 　Life is like riding a bike.To keep your balance，you must keep moving. 人生就像骑单车，只有不断前进才能保持平衡。 He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs. 他上楼时失去了平衡，摔伤了自己。 You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages. 你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①They explain to them how to balance their expenses 　against　 their income. ②To keep fit，you'd better keep a 　balanced　 (balance) diet. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ③Suddenly a girl 　lost_her_balance　 and fell down in front of him. 突然有个女孩在他前面因失去了平衡而跌倒了。 ④The child couldn't 　keep_his_balance　 on his new bicycle. 这个孩子骑他的新车时不能保持平衡。 4．view n．风景；美景；意见 v．观看；看待 (1)in one's view在某人看来 come into view看得见；进入视野 in view of考虑到；由于 in full view of sth./sb.完全看得见，在某人眼皮底下 (2)view...as 把……看作 ◆[经典佳句] 　In my view，he is the best person for this job. 在我看来，他是这项工作的最好人选。 A group of riders came into view on the dirt road. 一群骑车的人出现在那条土路上。 In view of the weather，the event will be held indoors. 由于天气的缘故，这项比赛将在室内进行。 He is helpful and honest and we all view him as our friend. 他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他看作是朋友。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①When the car goes around the corner，our house will come 　into　 view. ②　In　 my view，no matter what situation we are in，bad or good，we should not waste food. ③We view every customer 　as　 a partner. ④In view 　of　 the facts，it seems useless to continue. 5．do one's part for sth.尽某人所能做某事 take part in参加 play a part in在……(方面)起作用；在……扮演角色 for one's part 就某人而言 ◆[经典佳句] 　I took part in an English speech contest last week. 上周我参加了一次英语演讲比赛。 These days work plays an important part in a single woman's life. 现在，工作在单身女性的生活中起着重要作用。 For my part，I found the meeting most fruitful. 就我而言，我认为这次会议很有收获。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ①There is no denying that the Internet 　plays_a_more_and_more_important_part　(扮演着越来越重要的角色)． ②　For_my_part　(就我而言)，I find the report less than convincing. 6．end with 以……结束 　end up结果为……，以……结束 end up doing sth.以做某事告终 end up with 以……结束 end up in 以……结束 end up as 最终成为…… end in 以……结束/告终 ◆[经典佳句] 　The evening ended up with a reading from her latest novel. 晚会最后朗诵了一段她的最新小说。 The film ended up with the heroine's death. 电影结束时，女主角去世了。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①A dinner may start with soup and end 　with　 nuts. ②At last I ended up 　hitting　(hit)the set with my fist，and it stopped working altogether. ③Anyone who swims in the river could end up 　with　 a stomach upset. ④After constant efforts，he finally ended up 　as　 the manager of the company. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤He studied very hard and this term 　ended_up_with_full_marks　(以满分结束)． 7．deserve v．值得，应得 　deserve to do 值得做，应该做 deserve consideration 值得考虑 deserve a medal 应获得奖牌 deserve to win 该赢 值得被做 ◆[经典佳句] 　It's true that she made a mistake but she hardly deserves to lose her job. 她的确犯了错，但她不应该被解雇。 He's a responsible writer，and he deserves respecting/to be respected. 他是个有责任感的作家，理应受人尊重。 ◆[名师点津] deserve表示“值得”时后接doing，用主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动语态，即deserve doing＝deserve to be done，类似的动词还有need，require，want(需要)等。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①She has been working hard，so she deserves 　to_succeed　(succeed)． ②The story once again tells us that one good turn 　deserves　(deserve)another. ③E­waste deserves 　to_be_made　(make)good use of. ④His music deserved 　to_be_preserved　(preserve)in the family. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤The athletes' performance in the competition 　deserves_praising/deserves_to_be_praised/deserves_the_praise　(值得表扬)． We are using resources as if we had two planets，not one.我们使用资源时就好像我们有两个地球而不是一个似的。 　[句式结构]　as if /though 引导的虚拟语气句。 ◆[规律总结] as if/though 引导的虚拟语气句，表示所表述的情况与事实不符。从句的谓语构成如下： 与现在事实不符：过去式(be用were) 与过去事实不符：过去完成式(be用had been) 与将来事实不符：would/could/might＋be/do ◆[经典佳句] 　He looks at me as if I were mad. 他瞧着我仿佛我疯了似的。 He behaved as if nothing had happened. 他表现得若无其事。 He talks gladly as if/though he would be our monitor. 他高兴地谈论着，好像要成为我们的班长似的。 The black clouds are gathering.It looks as if it is going to rain. 乌云正在聚集。看起来好像要下雨了。(陈述语气) ◆[误区规避]　语法填空： The little boy acts in our class as if he 　________　(be)a teacher. (可能失误)填is (正确表达)填were (错误分析)as if 后引导的虚拟语气句表示与现在事实相反使用过去式，be的过去时不论人称一律使用were。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Li Ming speaks English as though he 　were　(be)an American. ②They look as if they 　didn't_care　(not care)． ③They completely ignore these facts as if they never 　existed　(exist)． ④That boy walked into the restaurant as if he 　hadn't_seen　(not see)food for a week. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤He opens his mouth as if 　(he_is)to_speak　(要说话)． ⑥This meat tastes as if 　it_has_gone_bad　(已经坏了)． ⑦It seems as if 　there_will_be_an_election　(将有个选举)soon. ◆[名师点津] as if 引导的从句有时用省略形式，as if＋名词/分词/不定式/形容词/介词短语。 She stood at the door as if(she was)waiting for someone. 她站在门口，好像在等人。 She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if(she was)to thank him for it. 她把手轻轻地放在他的胳膊上，好像要为此表示感谢。 [基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Somalia，a small country in Africa ，is mostly 　desert　(沙漠)． 2．People were swimming in the 　ocean　(海洋)despite the hurricane warning. 3．Pollution is a 　global　(全球性的)issue，which needs the world's effort. 4．Steam and water are used for the generation of 　electricity　(电)． 5．Have you got your own 　transport　(交通工具)? 6．Denmark is a small country，　recycling　 (回收利用)nearly 85% of its paper. 7．The car has come complete with 　batteries　(电池)． 8．Many species have been shot to the edge of 　extinction　(灭绝)． Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests 　crowded　(crowd)wish small trees that compete with big trees for resources. 2．It's better to leave your listeners 　wishing　(wish)for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. 3．“I'm trying to get more and more people to understand that there are 　solutions　(solution)，”said Ms.Burdeyney，a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after retirement. 4．It is difficult to figure out a 　global　(globe)population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied. 5．In the ocean，we fished for top predators such as cod on an 　industrial　(industry)scale，while on land，we killed off large predators such as wolves. 6．Then one perfect Amazonian evening，with monkeys 　calling　(call)from beyond the village green，we played soccer. 7．Mary's description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I 　had_been　(be)there. 8．It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s.During that time，increasing environmental 　awareness　(aware)made it desirable. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．学生必须学会在学习和娱乐之间取得平衡。(balance) Students must learn to 　strike_a_balance_between_study_and_entertainment　. 2．我认为扩大你的词汇量的最好方法是读英文小说。(way，enlarge) I think 　the_best_way_to_enlarge_your_vocabulary　 is reading English novels. 3．他英语讲得好极了，好像在英国生活了很多年一样。 He speaks English perfectly 　as_if/though_he_had_lived_in_England　 for many years. 4．我想知道他在上周一班会上要表达什么。 I wonder 　what_he_wanted_to_express　 at the class meeting last Monday. 5．十几岁的少年痴迷于电脑游戏，这让他父母很是担心。 Teenagers are addicted to computer games，　which_causes_great_concern_to　 his parents. [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Killer whales, or orcas, are known for their severe attacks on sea animals but they have never posed a threat to humans.However, since late July, the normally social animals have been intentionally attacking sailboats off the coasts of Spain and Portugal. The strange behavior first surfaced on July 29, 2020, when a 46­foot boat was repeatedly attacked for almost an hour by nine orcas, causing the boat to rotate(旋转) 180 degrees and having its engine switched off.Since then, over 30 more similar incidents have been reported.On September 23, 2020, Spain's government banned boats of less than 50 feet in length from sailing in the 60­mile stretch of the Atlantic coastline between Ferrol and the Estaca de Bares Cape, where the attacks have been occurring. Researchers across the world are trying to explain the orcas' behavior.Some believe it could be a result of the overfishing of the bluefish tuna—the orcas' primary food source—which has left the area's killer whales starving and unable to feed their babies.“I saw them look at boats carrying fish.I think they know humans are somehow related to food shortages，”says Ken Balcomb, senior scientist at the Center for Whale Research in Washington, USA.The environmentalists believe the sudden increase in boat traffic and fishing activities, after months of absence due to restrictions on human activity last spring, could also be contributing to 　the_agitation　. However, Alfredo López, a biology professor in Galicia, Spain, thinks the attacks are defensive measures the orcas adopted to protect themselves against boat injuries.The researcher came to this conclusion after looking at the videos of a few incidents and noticing that two of the young killer whales involved had serious injuries.Hopefully, the experts will be able to find a way to restore the harmony between the animals and the humans soon. [语篇解读]　这是一篇新闻报道。报道了西班牙、葡萄牙近海区多艘小型渔船遭遇虎鲸袭击。 1．What do we know about orcas in Paragraph 1? A．They are friendly to humans. B．They have changed their behavior. C．They are famous for hunting skills. D．They have met tough living conditions. 解析：B　[推理判断题。由根据第一段第一句“Killer whales, or orcas, are known for their severe attacks on sea animals but they have never posed a threat to humans.”可知，以前虎鲸从未袭击人类。结合第二句“However, since late July, the normally social animals have been intentionally attacking sailboats off the coasts of Spain and Portugal.(然而自从去年七月开始，这种动物一直在有意地袭击西班牙、葡萄牙近海岸水域的渔船。)”可知，虎鲸改变了它们的行为。故选B。] 2．Who hold(s) the idea that fishing activities caused the incidents? A．Ken Balcomb. B．The environmentalists. C．Alfredo López. D．Spain's government. 解析：A　[细节理解题。根据第三段“Some believe it could be a result of the overfishing of the bluefish tuna—the orcas' primary food source­which has left the area's killer whales starving and unable to feed their babies.‘I saw them look at boats carrying fish.I think they know humans are somehow related to food shortages，’says Ken Balcomb, senior scientist at the Center for Whale Research in Washington, USA.(有些研究员认为可能是由于人类过度捕猎虎鲸赖以生存的鱼类资源，导致虎鲸吃不饱不能喂养幼鲸。Ken Balcomb，说他看到虎鲸盯着载满鱼的船，大概知道人类和它们挨饿有关。)”可知，A项符合题意。故选A。] 3．What does the underlined word “the agitation” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The attacks. B．Food shortages. C．The overfishing. D．Human activities. 解析：A　[词义猜测题。第三段在分析虎鲸袭击人类的渔船行为的原因。举例说明了有的研究员认为是人类过度捕鱼可能导致虎鲸食物不足，引发虎鲸袭击渔船。画线词所在句子“The environmentalists believe the sudden increase in boat traffic and fishing activities, after months of absence due to restrictions on human activity last spring, could also be contributing to 　the_agitation　.(环境学家认为好几个月的春季禁渔期结束，渔船流量突然增加和捕鱼活动的增多也可能会导致这些虎鲸袭击渔船事件。)”该句分析了另一个引发虎鲸袭击事件的原因，据此可以推测画线词的意思是虎鲸袭击事件。故选A。] 4．What might be a suitable title for this text? A．How do killer whales attack humans? B．Why are killer whales attacking boats? C．How can we live in harmony with animals? D．Why are boats banned from sailing on the sea? 解析：B　[推理判断题。文章开头介绍虎鲸袭击渔船的异常行为。接下来分析各种有可能引发虎鲸异常行为的诱因，所以题目应该是“虎鲸为什么袭击渔船”。故选B。] B Right in front of the Minneapolis Central Library，a row of green bikes sits parked in a special stand.Each bike is designed with the logo “Nice Ride” the name of the city's bikeshare program. Nice Ride bikes are a lot like the library books that people come here to borrow.To rent a bike，you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station.Members can rent one of 1,200 bikes from 138 stations throughout Minnesota's largest city.People use the Nice Ridebikes to go to work，to go out on business，or just to enjoy the city's many bike paths. The rise of bike­share programs like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over driving.Skyrocketing gas prices and concerns about the environment have also gotten people to dust off their bike helmets，pump air into flat tires，and hit the road. Why ride？Not only is biking good exercise，but switching from a car to a bike also reduces the amount of pollution in the air.Carbon dioxide，a greenhouse gas linked to climate change，is one of the many polluting substances that come out of a car's tailpipe. Bike­share systems are found around the world in cities like London，Paris，Barcelona，and Melbourne，Australia.The largest program—with 70,000 bikes—is in Wuhan，China. To make roads friendlier to non­motorists，the U．S.Department of Transportation has invested more than a billion dollars in cycling and pedestrian projects in recent years.The money went toward building thousands of miles of on­street bike lanes and bike­and pedestrian­only passages called greenways. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了共享单车体系。就像借书一样，人们可以用会员卡在许多自行车站租用自行车，这样人们在锻炼身体的同时也减少了空气污染。 5．If one wants to use the bike，it's a must to 　________　. A．give away a bicycle B．know Nice Ride well C．pay the cost in advance D．get a membership card 解析：D　[细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“To rent a bike，you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station.”可知，若想租用自行车必须有会员卡，故选D。] 6．Which of the following can people do with the bikes? A．Earn a living. B．Enjoy bike ways. C．Compete in a race. D．Rent them out to others. 解析：B　[细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“People use the Nice Ridebikes to go to work，to go out on business，or just to enjoy the city's many bike paths.”可知，人们可以用这些自行车享受自行车车道，故选B。] 7．Paragraph 4 is mainly about 　________　. A．benefits of biking B．pollution caused by cars C．methods to use the bikes D．ways to reduce pollution 解析：A　[段落大意题。第四段主要介绍了骑自行车带来的好处，既能锻炼身体，又能减少空气污染，故选A。] 8．The author's purpose in writing this text is to 　________　. A．spread bike­share programs B．seek advice for Nice Ride C．compare Nice Ride with libraries D．introduce the public bike system 解析：D　[写作意图题。本文由Nice Ride这一项目引出话题，主要介绍了共享单车体系。故选D。] Ⅱ.完形填空 It was Saturday and I was in a space to receive kindness.I went to the shopping centre to do a few things before I　__1__　to work the next week.I was packing my foods，drinks and other　__2__　into my car when a gentleman came over and 　__3__　me a half bag of oranges，and he spoke so　__4__　that I had to lean in (向前一步) to hear him. He said，“I don't want to　__5__　them，but I can only eat half a bag.Please take the　__6__　and enjoy them.” I didn't know what to do.I offered him the roast chicken I had　__7__　to make lunch，but he refused.I offered him the bananas I had，and he smiled but refused，　__8__　that he just wanted me to have them，and then he turned and　__9__　. I was surprised and 　__10__　 the offer with a huge thank you，not for the oranges but for approaching me and not wanting anything in return.It wasn't about the product.It was an unexpected gesture truly　__11__　nothing in return. I honestly had tears in my eyes.I know how　__12__　the offer is，but I still remember this man and those oranges well，as a 　__13__　that kindness does exist and that　__14__　are everywhere for us to show this behaviour. Thank you for the oranges—you have done more for me than you could ever　__15__　. 1．A.refused　　　　 B．remembered C．returned D．volunteered 2．A.cakes B．goods C．tools D．cases 3．A.offered B．threw C．awarded D．lent 4．A.sincerely B．exactly C．carefully D．softly 5．A.keep B．waste C．forget D．share 6．A.rest B．lead C．prize D．position 7．A.saved B．collected C．hidden D．bought 8．A.warning B．deciding C．saying D．lying 9．A.went away B．got up C．gave in D．checked out 10．A.valued B．accepted C．considered D．designed 11．A.finding B．losing C．fearing D．expecting 12．A.small B．difficult C．expensive D．important 13．A.design B．lesson C．reminder D．method 14．A.rights B．chances C．dreams D．examples 15．A.prove B．own C．realise D．stress [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在买完东西准备回家时，一位先生把自己刚买的吃不完的半袋橙子送给作者的故事。 1．C　[上下文语境题。根据前文“It was Saturday”和后文“to work the next week”可知，下个星期回去(returned)上班之前，作者去购物中心做了几件事。故选C。] 2．B　[上文语境题。根据前文“I was packing my foods，drinks and other”可知，作者正在把食物、饮料和其他商品(goods)装进车里。故选B。] 3．A　[下文语境题。根据后文“Please take the 　__6__　and enjoy them.”可知，作者正在把食物、饮料和其他商品装进车里，这时一位先生走过来，自愿给予(offered)作者半袋橙子。故选A。] 4．D　[下文语境题。根据后文“I had to lean in(向前一步)to hear him”可知，他说话声音很轻(softly)，作者不得不向前一步听他说话。故选D。] 5．B　[下文语境题。根据后文“but I can only eat half a bag ”及“Please take the　__6__　and enjoy them.”可知，那位先生只能吃半袋，他不想浪费(waste)。故选B。] 6．A　[上文语境题。根据前文“but I can only eat half a bag ”可知，他买了一袋橙子，自己只能吃一半，故此处意为“请把其余的(rest)拿去享用吧”。故选A。] 7．D　[上下文语境题。save救助；collect收集；hide隐藏；buy购买。根据前文“I went to the shopping centre”可知，作者把买来(bought)做午饭的烤鸡给他，但他拒绝了。故选D。] 8．C　[下文语境题。根据后文“that he just wanted me to have them”可知，作者把自己的香蕉递给他，他微笑着拒绝了，说(saying)他只是想让作者收下橙子。故选C。] 9．A　[上文语境题。根据前文“he just wanted me to have them，and then he turned and”可知，这位先生笑着拒绝作者的回赠，转身走了(went away)。故事发生在商场外，作者和这位先生已经结过账了，排除D项。故选A。] 10．B　[下文语境题。根据后文“with a huge thank you”可知，作者很惊讶，并接受了(accepted)这个馈赠。故选B。] 11．D　[下文语境题。根据后文“nothing in return”可知，这是一个意想不到的举动，不期待(expecting)任何回报。故选D。] 12．A　[下文语境题。根据后文“but I still remember this man and those oranges well，as a　__13__　that kindness does exist and that　__14__　 are everywhere for us to show this behaviour”可知，作者知道这个馈赠微不足道(small)，但作者仍然清楚地记得这个男人和那些橙子。馈赠虽小，意义颇大。故选A。] 13．C　[下文语境题。根据后文“that kindness does exist and that 　__14__　are everywhere for us to show this behaviour”可知，这件事作为一个提醒(reminder)，提醒我们善良的确存在。故选C。] 14．D　[上下文语境题。根据前文“kindness does exist”及后文“are everywhere for us to show this behaviour”可知，提醒我们善良的确存在，到处都是我们展示这种行为的例子(examples)。故选D。] 15．B　[上文语境题。根据前文“I know how 　__12__　 the offer is，but I still remember this man and those oranges well，as a 　__13__　 that kindness does exist and that 　__14__　 are everywhere for us to show this behaviour.”可知，此处意为“谢谢你，因为这些橙子——你为我做的比你本身所拥有的(own)还要多”。故选B。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $