Unit 1 Past and present (知识全梳理&考点精准练)-2025-2026学年译林版八年级下册英语

英 语 （译林版新教材） 期中期末复习 八年级下册 8B Unit 1 Past and present （知识全梳理&考点精准练） 01 考情透视·目标导航 目 录 语法串讲·融会贯通 知识梳理·夯实基础 考场练兵·实战训练 （单词、短语、句型积累） 02 03 04 课标要求 考情分析 第一部分 考情透视·目标导航 考情透视·目标导航 课标要求 掌握交通、城市变迁核心词汇；重点学一般过去时与现在完成时对比、时间状语固定搭配。能描述城市过去与现在的差异，理解叙事类语篇的时间逻辑。 听懂不同时代交通与城市变化的对话，提取关键信息；能口头描述家乡变迁，读写关于深圳发展的短文，规范运用对比时态。 了解中国城市发展成就，感受时代进步；培养热爱家乡、关注城市发展的情怀，增强民族自豪感。 01 语言知识 02 语言能力 03 文化意识与情感态度 单词、短语、句型 第二部分 知识梳理·夯实基础 In this unit, we will 析教材 学知识：紧扣教材精讲、突出重点词句         练话题 讲典例：解题难点精析、快速提升能力 练考点 强知识：核心考点精练、精准语法归类  ➷➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ 内容导航——学习力三步曲 Unit 1 Past and present 重 点 单 词 导图 知识梳理·夯实基础 Unit 1 Past and present 知识梳理·夯实基础 看图猜词 比一比，谁的得分最高！ P7 A coach a comfortable bus for carrying passengers over long distances 长途汽车；长途客车 P7 A a large road vehicle that carries passengers, especially one that travels along a fixed route and stops regularly to let people get on and off 公共汽车；巴士 bus P7 A taxi a car with a driver that you pay to take you somewhere. Taxis usually have meters which show how much money you have to pay. 出租汽车；计程车；的士 P7 A underground the railway system in which electric trains travel below the ground in tunnels 地铁 P7 A train P7 A plane 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 单 词 Unit 1 Past and present 1. n. 地铁 2. n. 速度 3. adj.拥挤的 4. adj.方便的 5. adj. 南部的;南方的 6. adj.高科技的（尤指电子方面） 7. n.先锋;先驱 8. n.（=tech)技术 9. n. 行业；工业 10. n.财富；富有 11. adj.优秀的；杰出的 12. adj.教育的；有关教育的 13. n. 荣誉 14. n.居民；市民；公民 15. n. 林荫道 16. adj.电动的 17. n.设计者；规划者 18. n.发展;成长 underground speed crowded convenient southern high-tech pioneer technology industry wealth excellent educational honour citizen greenway electric planner development 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 单 词 Unit 1 Past and present 19. adj.开拓性的 20. n.创造力 21. adv.无疑；肯定 22. n.关键；键；琴键 23. adj.举世闻名的 24. adv.最近 25. adv.已经；早已 26. adv.尚(未）；还 27. n. 记者 28. adj. 宽的；宽阔的 29. n.一排；一列；一行 30. n.村民 31. adj.近来的；新近的 32. adj.抱有希望；满怀希望 33. n. 旅客;房客; 客人 34. n. 旅游业；观光业 35. adj.公共的；公众的 36. adj. 普遍的;共同的 pioneering creativity certainly key world-famous recently already yet reporter wide row villager recent hopeful guest tourism public common 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 短 语 Unit 1 Past and present …的关键 多年来 伟大变革背后的付出 不同时期的交通方式 在城市中四处走动 过去常常…… 舒适且便捷 深圳的崛起 在过去的 40 年里 一座创新之城 中国南部的一座城市 中国的改革开放与发展 the key to over the years the efforts behind great changes transport at different times get around the city used to ... comfortable and convenient the rise of Shenzhen over the last 40 years a city of innovation a city in southern China China's reform and opening up 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 短 语 13.聆听有关我们城市的想法 14.踏上宽阔、干净的马路 15.看到一排排崭新的房屋 16.狭窄且泥泞 17.多亏了政府的支持 18.最近几年中 19.对未来充满希望 20.开设一家民宿 21.过夜 22.曾经是一片空地 23.当我像你这么大的时候 24.公共/生活空间 25.`做某事是常见的 hear thoughts about our city step onto the wide, clean roads see rows of new houses be narrow and muddy thanks to the government's support in recent years feel hopeful about the future open a guest house stay overnight used to be an empty field when I was your age living/ public spaces be common to do sth. 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 句 型 Unit 1 Past and present (2) My father used to work here. 1. I used to go to school by bike. 我过去常常骑自行车上学。 (1) I used to live in Nanjing. used to do sth 我曾经居住在南京。 我爸爸曾在这儿工作过。 （用于过去持续或经常发生的事）曾经 注意 used to do sth指过去习惯做某事，而现在不做了。 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 句 型 Unit 1 Past and present used to be used to 现在我们已经习惯早起了。 We’re used to getting up early now. used to do sth指过去习惯做某事，而现在不做了。 be used to (doing) sth 指习惯于、适应于，等同于get used to (doing) sth. = We get used to getting up early now. 21 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 句 型 Unit 1 Past and present 2. When I was young, there were only a few buses, and they were always crowded. 在我年轻的时候，公交车数量很少，而且总是非常拥挤。 There are a few buses at the station. a few 车站有几辆公交车。 一些、几个 He has few storybooks. 他几乎没有故事书。 比较 小结 few和a few均修饰可数名词的复数形式。 a few表示肯定意义，意为“一些；几个”。 few表示否定意义，意为“很少；不多”。 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 句 型 Unit 1 Past and present 3. Today, it is leading the move from “Made in China” to “Created in China”. 如今，它正在引领从“中国制造”向“中国创造”的转变。 lead v. - led led 带路；领路；引领 My mom led me to the doctor's office when I felt sick. 我生病时，妈妈带我去了医务室。 小结 lead sb. to + 地点 带领某人去某地 lead sb. in doing sth. 引领某人做某事 lead v. - led led 控制；掌管；领导 He leads the school basketball team. 他领导学校篮球队。 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 句 型 Unit 1 Past and present 4. Shenzhen is working to improve the quality of life for its citizens as well. 深圳也在努力提升市民的生活质量。 I like English, and I like math as well. as well 也；还 注意 as well只能放在句末, 比 “too” 稍正式, 前面通常不加逗号。 我喜欢英语，也喜欢数学。 知识梳理·夯实基础 重 点 句 型 Unit 1 Past and present 主谓一致 (1) David as well as his friends likes playing basketball. 戴维和他的朋友们都喜欢打篮球。 (2) Three books, together with a pen, are in my schoolbag. 三本笔记本和一支笔在我的书包里。 当连接词连接两个或多个并列成分时，谓语动词的单复数只由连接词前面的主语决定。此类的连接词还有with, along with, but, besides, except等。 第三部分 语法串讲·融会贯通 语法串讲 即时检测 In this unit, we will 析教材 学知识：紧扣教材精讲、突出重点词句         练话题 讲典例：解题难点精析、快速提升能力 练考点 强知识：核心考点精练、精准语法归类  ➷➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ 内容导航——学习力三步曲 Unit 1 Past and present 语法串讲·融会贯通 Unit 1 Past and present 表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。 表示在以前某个时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对目前有某种影响。 表示某个动作从过去到现在发生的次数。 现在完成时 肯定句：主语 + have/has +过去分词 + 其他. 否定句：主语 + haven't/hasn't +过去分词 + 其他. 一般疑问句： Have/Has + 主语 +过去分词 +其他? 特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他? 句型 用法 already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, since, for 标志词 语法串讲·融会贯通 Unit 1 Past and present ① He has already turned off the light. ② I haven't finished my homework yet. ③ I have never thought living abroad. ④ Have you ever visited the Great Wall? 他已经把灯关了。 我从未考虑过去国外居住。 你曾经去过长城吗？ 我还没有完成作业。 already表示“已经”，强调动作的完成，常用于肯定句中。 yet常用在否定句中, 表示“尚未, 还未”，用在疑问句中表示“已经”。 ever 表示 “曾经”，主要用于疑问句。 never 表示 “从来没有，从不”，表示否定。 注意： already, never, ever一般置于助动词 have/has之后，过去分词之前。 yet一般置于否定句或疑问句的结尾处。 第四部分 考场练兵·实战训练 综合训练 拓展提升 In this unit, we will 析教材 学知识：紧扣教材精讲、突出重点词句         练话题 讲典例：解题难点精析、快速提升能力 练考点 强知识：核心考点精练、精准语法归类  ➷➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ ➷ 内容导航——学习力三步曲 Unit 1 Past and present 考场练兵·实战训练 一. 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Through years’hard work，China (success) in sending up about sixty Beidou Navigation Satellites until now. 2. Recently, more and more people (choose) to visit Taizhou during holidays. 二、单项选择 1. The factory a lot of noise all day. But now things have become better. A. was used to make B. was used to making C. used to make D. used to making 2. I have written a letter to my parents,but I haven't posted it . A. yet; already B. already； already C. already; yet D. yet; yet 3. --- Hey,guys! What are you going to do during the one-hour free time this afternoon? --- Well，we it in detail and now we know exactly what to do. A. plan B. are planning C. have planned D. will plan has succeeded have chosen 考场练兵·实战训练 [2025江苏扬州期中] 随着社会的发展，我们的生活变得越来越好。学校英语角本周的主题是“Changes Around Us”。请你根据下列提示，从以下四个角度对比过去和现在的变化，并谈一谈自己对这些变化的看法。 要求： 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯； 必须包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥； 词数100左右，开头已给出，不计人总词数。 Changes Around Us In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us. .... 主题写作 考场练兵·实战训练 Changes Around Us In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us. In the past, travelling abroad was nearly impossible for most people. Now, more people have chances to go abroad or travel online. Meanwhile, we used to ride bicycles or take slow buses, but today many people drive cars or take high-speed railways. At school, we do more reading, group work, and often share our ideas in class. In addition, we have become more aware of environmental protection by planting more trees and using less plastic. In my opinion, these changes have made our lives more convenient and meaningful. I hope we can continue to develop our world in a greener and smarter way. 参考例文 Bye-Bye！ 学习学康鹤彪 $