Unit 4 Now and then（知识清单）英语人教PEP版六年级下册

Unit 4 Then and now知 识 归 纳 必记单词 四会 dining hall饭厅 grass草坪 gym体育馆 ago以前 cycling骑自行车运动 ice-skate滑冰 badminton羽毛球运动 三会 star星 easy容易的 Internet互联网 look up查阅 different不同的 race赛跑 active积极的，活跃的 nothing没有什么 cheetah猎豹 thought（think的过去式）想 felt（feel的过去式）感觉 trip绊倒 woke（wake的过去式）醒 dream梦想 常考短语 go cycling去骑自行车 then and now过去和现在 run fast跑得快 play basketball well篮球打得好 visit the moon参观月球 see stars看星星 look up（在词典/电脑上）查阅 on the Internet在互联网上 wake up醒来 in my time在我的时代 use the Internet使用互联网 have a race赛跑 in class在课堂上 win the race赢得比赛 in bed在床上 at that time在那时 get there到达那里 trip and fall绊倒 必会句型 1. There be句型的一般过去时： There was a river in our village. 我们村庄里有一条河。 2. 描述某人或某物过去与现在的不同： Before, I was quiet. 以前，我很安静。 Now, I am very active. 现在，我很活跃。 核心语法 一般过去时和一般现在时区别与运用。 考 点 速 记 考点 01 There be句型的一般过去时： 含义：There be句型的一般过去时，核心是描述 “过去某个时间 / 地点存在某物 / 某人”，本质是将 There be 中的 be 动词变为过去式（was/were），其余结构逻辑与一般现在时一致，同时遵循 “就近原则”。 be动词过去式 使用情况 例句 was 后面接单数名词 There was a cat in the park yesterday. 昨天公园里有只猫。 后面接不可数名词 There was some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。 were 后面接复数名词 There were some flowers in the garden. 花园里有一些花。 · 肯定句：描述“过去有某物” 结构：There+was/were +名词/代词+过去的时间/地点. 主语是单数/不可数：There was+单数名词/不可数名词+时间/地点. 例：There was a big tree near my home last year. 去年我家附近有一棵大树。 主语是复数：There were+复数名词+时间/地点. 例：There were many birds in the sky yesterday morning.昨天早上天空中有很多鸟。 · 否定句：描述“过去没有某物” 结构：There+was not (wasn’t)/were not (weren’t) +名词/代词+过去的时间/地点. 例：There wasn’t a computer in our school 5 years ago. 5年前我们学校没有电脑。 注意：否定句中，some 要变 any，用法和一般现在时一致。 例：There weren’t any apples on the table yesterday. 昨天桌子上没有苹果。 · 一般疑问句：询问“过去某地是否有某物” 结构：Was/Were+there+名词/代词+过去的时间/地点？ （把was/were提到句首，首字母大写） 答语：Yes, there was./ No, there wasn’t.（单数/不可数） Yes, there were./ No, there weren’t.（复数） 例句：—Was there a library in your school 2 years ago?两年前你们学校有图书馆吗？ —Yes, there was. 是的，有。 提分练 一、用was/were填空。 1. There ________ a small river near my home 10 years ago. 2. ________ there any milk in the glass yesterday? 3. There ________ no tall buildings in this town last year. 4. —How many desks ________ there in your classroom?—There are 30. 5. There ________ some bread on the table last night. 二、句型变换。 1. There were some oranges in the fridge.（变否定句） _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. There was a park near the school.（变一般疑问句并作否定回答） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. There were some birds in the tree.（变一般疑问句并作肯定回答） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 考点 02 描述某人或某物过去与现在的不同： 本单元用一般过去时（描述过去状态/特征）+一般现在时（描述现在状态/特征）对比，搭配标志性过渡词，清晰体现变化。 时间副词标志词：ago（以前），before（以前），now（现在） （1） 描述外貌、性格变化 句型结构：Before, 主语+was/were+形容词. Now, 主语+am/is/are+形容词. 例句： Before, I was short. Now, I am tall.以前我很矮，现在我很高。 Before, she was quiet. Now, she is active.以前她很安静，现在她很活跃。 （2） 描述能力变化 句型结构：Before, 主语+ couldn’t+动词原形. Now,主语+can+动词原形. 例句： Before, I couldn’t draw. Now, I can draw very well.以前我不会画画，现在我画画画得很好。 Before, he couldn’t swim. Now, he can swim.以前他不会游泳，现在他会游泳了。 （3） 描述爱好、习惯变化 句型结构：Before, 主语+didn’t like+名词/动名词. Now, 主语+ like/likes+名词/动名词. 例句： Before, I didn’t like cycling. Now, I like going cycling every day. 以前我不喜欢骑自行车，现在我每天都喜欢去骑自行车。 Before, she didn’t like reading. Now, she likes reading storybooks. 以前她不喜欢读书，现在她喜欢读故事书。 （4） 描述事物、环境变化 句型结构：Before, There was/were no+名词+地点. Now, There is/are+名词+地点. 例句： Before, there was no gym in our school. Now, there is a big gym. 以前我们学校没有体育馆，现在有一个大体育馆。 Before, there were no trees in the park. Now, there are many trees. 以前公园里没有树，现在有很多树。 提分练 三、单项选择。 ( ) 1. Before, I ___________ short. Now, I ___________ tall. A. am; was B. was; am C. were; am ( ) 2.She ___________ ride a bike before. Now she ___________ ride it very well. A. couldn’t; can B. can; couldn’t C. couldn’t; could ( ) 3. Before, he ___________ like playing football. Now he ___________ it very much. A. Didn’t; like B. don’t; likes C. didn’t; likes ( ) 4. Before, there ___________ no library in our school. Now there ___________ a new one. A. was; is B. were; are C. was; are ( ) 5.—What about Amy? —She ___________ quiet before. Now she ___________ active. A. is; was B. was; is C. were; is 4、 英汉互译。 1. 以前我喜欢吃牛肉面，现在我不喜欢了。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. 以前Amy很害羞，现在她很活跃。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. 以前我家房子前有没有树，现在我家房子前面有一棵大树。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. Before, she didn’t like singing. Now, she likes singing and dancing. ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. Before, there were no computers in my school. Now, there are many computers. ___________________________________________________________________________ 考点 03 一般现在时和一般过去时区别: 对比 一般现在时 一般过去时 含义 1. 经常性、习惯性的动作/状态； 2. 客观事实、真理； 3. 现阶段的固定状态/特征。 1. 过去某个具体时间发生的一次性/短暂动作； 2. 过去经常性、习惯性的动作（现已停止）； 3. 过去某一阶段存在的状态/特征； 4. 过去发生的一系列连贯动作。 时间状语 频度副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 其他： every day/week/month/year/morning in the morning/afternoon... yesterday, the day before yesterday last week/month/year/night ...ago（three days ago） in+过去年份（in 2020） just now, at that time when+过去时间状语 肯定句结构 主语+动词原形/动词三单式+其他. 主语+动词过去式+其他. 否定句结构 1. 实义动词： 主语+don't/doesn't+动词原形+其他. 2. be动词： 主语+be动词+ not（am not/is not/are not）+其他. 1. 实义动词： 主语+didn't+动词原形.（所有人称通用，无需变形式） 2. be 动词： 主语+be动词+not (was not/wasn't; were not/weren't)+其他. 一般疑问句 1. 实义动词： Do/Does +主语+动词原形? （三单用Does，其余用Do） 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+do/does. 否定回答：No, 主语+don't/doesn't. 2. be 动词： Be动词+主语+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be+not. 1. 实义动词： Did+主语+动词原形?（所有人称通用） 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+did. 否定回答：No, 主语+didn't. 2. be 动词：Be 动词+主语+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be+not. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序 疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序 提分练 五、用所给动词的适当形式填空（基础必练） 1. She usually ___________ (walk) to school every morning. 2. My father ___________ (watch) TV last night. 3. The earth ___________ (go) around the sun. 4. They ___________ (not play) football yesterday afternoon. 5. ___________ you ___________ (see) a film last weekend? 6. He ___________ (not like) milk, so he never drinks it. 7. We ___________ (have) a good time at the party last Sunday. 8. The train always ___________ (leave) at 8 o’clock. 六、单项选择 ( )1. —What does your mother do? —She ______ a teacher. A. is B. was C. are ( )2. —______ you at home yesterday? —No, I ______ to the park. A. Are; go B. Were; went C. Do; go ( )3. He often ______ basketball after school, but he ______ ping-pong yesterday. A. play; play B. plays; played C. played; plays ( )4. —Does Tom ______ English every morning? —Yes, he does. But he ______ Chinese this morning. A. read; read B. reads; read C. read; readed ( )5. Light ______ faster than sound. A. travel B. traveled C. travels 七、按要求改写句子。 1. I go to the library every Saturday.（改为一般过去时） ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. He plays computer games in the evening.（改为否定句） ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. They were late for school yesterday.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. She watched a cartoon last night.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. My brother does his homework every day.（对划线部分提问） ___________________________________________________________________________ 综合练 一、单项选择。 ( )1.She ______ a gift for her mother last Mother’s Day. A. buy B. buys C. bought ( )2.—What did Lucy eat for breakfast? —She ______ an egg and some milk.​ A. ate B. eats C. eat ( )3. —Was there a park near your home before? —Yes, there ______.​ A. was B. were C. is ( )4. —When ______ your family go to Shanghai? —We went there last month.​ A. do B. did C. does ( )5. Before, there ______ no milk in the bottle yesterday. Now there ______ some in it. A. was; is B. were; are C. was; are 二、【新题型・新题型】完形填空。 I’m Lily. I ___1___ in No.1 Primary School. My school ___2___ very different ten years ago. Ten years ago, there ___3___ only one small building. The playground ___4___ small too. Students ___5___ in old classrooms. They ___6___ no computers in class. After school, children often ___7___ games on the ground. But now, everything ___8___ new. There ___9___ three tall buildings. The playground ___10___ big and clean. We have computers and big TVs in our classrooms. After school, many students play sports in the gym. I love my school now! ( )1. A. study B. studied C. studies ( )2. A. is B. are C. was ( )3. A. is B. was C. were ( )4. A. is B. was C. are ( )5. A. learned B. learn C. learns ( )6. A. have B. has C. had ( )7. A. play B. plays C. played ( )8. A. is B. was C. are ( )9. A. is B. was C. are ( )10.A. is B. was C. are 三、【新情境・生活运用】补全对话。 A: Hi, Lucy! Did you go anywhere last summer holiday? B: Yes, I went back to my hometown. A: 1. _________________________ B: It was small before. There were only a few houses. A: 2. _________________________ B: No, there wasn’t a park then. We played by the river. A: What’s your hometown like now?A. Do you like the park there? B. Yes, I like my hometown very much! C. Was there a park in your hometown then? D. What was your hometown like before? E. It’s big and beautiful now. There is a big park. B: 3. _________________________ A: 4. _________________________ B: Yes, I walk in the park every day. A: Do you want to go back again? B: 5. _________________________ 四、翻译下列句子。（汉译英） 1. 你们学校有操场吗？ __________________________________________________________ 2. 我上周去了北京。 __________________________________________________________ 3. 我以前很害羞，但现在我很活跃。 __________________________________________________________ 4. 在我那个时代没有小汽车。 __________________________________________________________ 5. 我以前不喜欢打篮球，现在很喜欢打篮球。 __________________________________________________________ 五、阅读短文，并选择。 I’m Linda. I’m twelve years old. My bedroom has changed a lot. Three years ago, my bedroom was small. There was only a small bed and a desk. I had many toys, but I didn’t have a bookcase. I often played with toys on the floor after school. Now, my bedroom is big and clean. There is a big bed, a new desk and a tall bookcase. I have many storybooks in the bookcase. I usually read books after finishing my homework. I like my new bedroom very much. ( )1. How old is Linda now? A. 9 B. 12 C. 15 ( )2. What was Linda’s bedroom like three years ago? A. Big. B. Clean. C. Small. ( )3. Did Linda have a bookcase three years ago? A. Yes, she did. B. No, she didn’t. C. We don’t know. ( )4. What does Linda usually do after homework now? A. Plays with toys. B. Reads books. C. Cleans the room. ( )5. Does Linda like her new bedroom? A. Yes, she does. B. No, she doesn’t. C. She is sad. 参考答案 提分练 一、用was/were填空。 1. was 2. Was 3. were 4. are 5. was 二、句型变换。 1. There weren't any oranges in the fridge. 2. —Was there a park near the school? —No, there wasn't. 3. —Were there any birds in the tree? —Yes, there were. 三、单项选择。 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. B 四、英汉互译。 1. Before, I liked beef noodles. Now, I don’t like them. 2. Before, Amy was very shy. Now, she is very active. 3. Before, there were no trees in front of my house. Now, there is a big tree in front of it. 4. 以前，她不喜欢唱歌。现在，她喜欢唱歌和跳舞。 5. 以前，我的学校里没有电脑。现在，那里有很多电脑。 五、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. walks 2. watched 3. goes 4. didn't play 5. Did；see 6. doesn't like 7. had 8. leaves 六、单项选择。 1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 七、句型转换。 1. I went to the library every Saturday. 2. He doesn't play computer games in the evening. 3. —Were they late for school yesterday? —No, they weren't. 4. When did she watch a cartoon? 5. What does your brother do every day? 综合练 一、单项选择。 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.A 二、【新题型・新题型】完形填空。 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 三、【新情境・生活运用】补全对话。 1.D 2.C 3.E 4.A 5.B 四、翻译下列句子。（汉译英） 1. Is there a playground in your school? 2. I went to Beijing last week. 3. I was very shy before, but now I am very active. 4. There were no cars in my time. 5. I didn't like playing basketball before, but now I like playing it very much. 五、阅读短文，并选择。 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $