Unit 5 Sports and sportsmanship-2025-2026学年七年级下册英语重点词汇精讲（沪外版）

7年级下册沪外版 寒假专版 沪外版词汇核心考点精进 【寒假专版】 初中·沪外版·7年级下册Unit5 Sports and sportsmanship 单元词汇总览 sportsmanship/'spo:tsmanfip/n.opponent/A'p3 onant//n.对手；竞kindness/'kamdnas/n.仁慈；善 体育精神：运动员风范 争者 良；好意 shake/ekv.h.摇动；摇晃；抖rank /raenk/n..等级；军衔；排federation/fed'reIn/n.联邦； 动 列；把…分等级 联盟 respect/r'spekt/vn.尊敬；尊重；gant/gra:nt/v.m.授予：给予：补 European joara'pi:an/adj./n. 敬意 助金 洲的：欧洲人 judge /d3Ad3/v.h.判断：断定；法unexpected/,nrk'spektid/adj.出treat/tri:t/v.n.对待；看待；款 官；裁判员 乎意料的：始料不及的 待 encourage /m'kArid3v.鼓励：激alow/A'la/v.允许；准许：给予reason/'ri:zm/n.v.原因：理由： 励 rush /raf/v.h.冲：匆忙；仓促推理 support/s3'p:t/v.h.支持：拥护；chance /ta:ns/n./W.机会；可能importance/u'p:tns/n.重要性： 支撑 性：偶然发生 重要 mistake /mI'stek/n.w.错误；失advantage/ad'va:ntId3/n.有利条achieve/a'ti:v/v.(凭长期努力) 误：误解 件：优势 达到：得到 teammate/'ti:mmert/n.队友；同situation/,stu'ern/n.情况；状reaction/ri'ekn/n.反应；回应 队队员 况：形势 词汇核心考点精讲 1.sportsmanship/'sp3tsm3njp/n.体育精神；运动员风范 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 核心义：体育精神：运动员风范（强调公平竞争、尊重对手的品质） ·必记搭配与例句：●show sportsmanship(展现体育精神)：Good players always show sportsmanship on the field. ●fair sportsmanship（公平的体育精神)：The game was praised for its fair sportsmanship. ·重点关联词：●sportsman(n.运动员) ·sportswoman(n.女运动员) 2.respect /rI'spekt//v.m.尊敬；尊重；敬意 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.)/名词(n.) 2个核心义：尊敬；尊重（对人/事物的态度）；敬意（情感表达） 7年级下册沪外版 寒假专版 ·必记搭配与例句：●respect sb.for sth.(因某事尊敬某人)：We respect him for his honesty. ·show respect to(对…表示尊敬)：Students should show respect to teachers.. ·词性转换：·respectful(adj.有礼貌的)：She is always respectful to elders.. ●respectable(adj.值得尊敬的)：He has a respectable job. 3.judge/dAdv.n.判断；断定；法官；裁判员 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.)/名词(n) 2个核心义：判断：断定（思维活动）：法官：裁判员（职业身份）》 ·必记搭配与例句：●judge from/by(根据…判断)：Judging from his smile,he was happy ●judge between...and..(在…之间判断)：It's hard to judge between the two options. ·重点派生词：●judgment(n.判断；判决)：Her judgment is always right. 4.encourage/m'krId3/v.鼓励：激励 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 核心义：鼓励：激励（给予支持或信心） ·必记搭配与例句：·encourage sb.to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事)：Teachers encourage us to study hard ●encourage sth.（促进某事)：Plants need water to encourage growth. ·词性转换：●encouraging(adj.令人鼓舞的)：The news is encouraging. ·encouragement(n.鼓励)：We need your encouragement. 5.support/sap3t/v.n.支持：拥护：支撑 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v.)/名词(n) 2个核心义：支持：拥护（态度或行动）：支撑（物理或抽象支持） ·必记搭配与例句：●support sb.insth.（在某方面支持某人)：My family supports me in my studies. ●give support to(给予支持)：We should give support to each other. ·重点派生词：●supportive(adj.支持的)：She is very supportive of my dreams. 6.mistake/mr'stek/n./v.错误；失误；误解 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n)/动词(v.) 核心义：错误：失误（行为或判断偏差）：误解（对事物的错误理解） ·必记搭配与例句：●nake a mistake(犯错误)：Everyone may make a mistake. ●mistake A for B(把A误认为B):I mistook her for my sister. ·重点派生词：●mistaken(adj.错误的)：She was mistaken about the time. 7.opponent /a'p3nnt/n.对手；竞争者 7年级下册沪外版 寒假专版 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：对手：竞争者（比赛或争论中的另一方） ·必记搭配与例句：。defeat an opponent(击败对手)：He defeated his opponent in the game. ●strong opponent(强劲的对手)：We have a strong opponent in the final. ·易混词辨析：●opponent(竞争中的对手)vs.enemy(敌人，情感对立)：They are opponents in the match,not enemies. 8.Iank1ekn.v.等级；军衔；排列：把…分等级 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n)/动词(v) 2个核心义：等级：军衔（名词）：排列：把…分等级（动词） ·必记搭配与例句：●rank.…as.（把…列为…)：She ranks first as a student. ●in rank(在等级上)：They are equal in rank, ·常见搭配：●top rank(最高等级)：This product is of top rank. 9.unexpected/,nk'spektid/adj..出乎意料的；始料不及的 ·核心考点：词性：形容词(adj) 核心义：出乎意料的；始料不及的（事件或情况） ·必记搭配与例句：●unexpected result(意外结果)：The game had an unexpected result. ●unexpected visit(突然来访)：We had an unexpected visit from our teacher ·词根词缀：·否定前缀un-+expected(预期的)→unexpected(未预期的) 10.alow/'1a/v.允许；准许；给予 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 核心义：允许：准许（给予许可）：给予（时间/机会等） ·必记搭配与例句：·allow sb.to do sth.（允许某人做某事)：My parents allow me to watch TV. ●allow doing sth.(允许做某事)：The school allows running in the playground.. ·易混词辨析：·allow(主动允许)vs.let(口语化，后接原形)：She allows us to leave./She lets us leave. 11.advantage/ad'va:ntId3yn.有利条件；优势 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：有利条件；优势（比他人更好的条件） ·必记搭配与例句：●have an advantage over(比…有优势)：She has an advantage over others in English. ●take advantage of(利用)：We should take advantage of good opportunities. ·反义词：·disadvantage(n.劣势)：Every choice has its advantage and disadvantage. 7年级下册沪外版 寒假专版 12.situation/,stu'eun/n.情况：状况；形势 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 核心义：情况；状况；形势（特定时间的状态） ·必记搭配与例句：●in a difficult situation(处于困境)：He is in a difficult situation now. ●improve the situation(改善情况)：We need to improve the situation. ·易混词辨析：●situation(具体处境)vs.condition(抽象条件)：The situation here is good..Working conditions are poor. 13.achieve'ti:v/v.(凭长期努力)达到：得到 ·核心考点：词性：动词(v) 核心义：（凭长期努力）达到：得到（目标或结果） ·必记搭配与例句：·achieve a goal(实现目标)：I want to achieve my dream. ·achieve success(获得成功)：Hard work helps us achieve success. ·重点派生词：●achievement(n.成就)：His achievements are great. 14.reaction /ri'ek/n.反应；回应 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n) 核心义：反应；回应（对事物的行为或情感回应） ·必记搭配与例句：●reaction to(对…的反应)：What's your reaction to the news? ●quick reaction(快速反应)：A driver needs quick reaction. ·同根词：●react(.反应)：How do you react to this problem? 15.importance/m'p3:tns/n.重要性；重要 ·核心考点：词性：名词(n.) 核心义：重要性：重要（事物的价值程度） ·必记搭配与例句：●the importance of(…的重要性)：We know the importance of study ·attach importance to(重视)：Teachers attach importance to reading. ·词性转换：●important(adj.重要的)：It's important to learn English, 词汇核心考点综合训练 1.一、单项选择 1.Good players always sportsmanship on the field. ·A.show 7年级下册沪外版 寒假专版 ●B.make 。C.do ●D.take 2.We should respect to our teachers. ·A.give ●B.show ●C.take ●D.make 3. from his look,he was very angry. ·A.Judge 。B.Judging 。C.To judge 。D.Judged 4.My parents often encourage me hard. 。A.study 。B.studying ·C.to study ·D.studied 5.The team has the over others because of their experience. ·A.advantage ●B.situation ●C.reaction ●D.importance 7年级下册沪外版 寒假专版 6.Please between the two plans and tell us your choice. 。A.judge ●B.allow ·C.support ●D.nistake 7.Her to the news surprised everyone. ●A.reaction ●B.encouragement ●C.achievement ●D.sportsmanship 8.We should importance to protecting the environment ●A.attach ·B.show ●C.take ·D.give 9.The unexpected rain the game to be put off. ·A.allowed ●B.made ●C.encouraged ·D.supported 10.His in science has won him many prizes. ●A.achievement ●B.situation 7年级下册沪外版 寒假专版 ·C.rank ·D.support 2.二、根据提示补全句子 1.We should show r to our parents.(提示：尊敬，名词) 2.My teacher always e_us to read more books..(提示：鼓励，动词) 3.It's important to learn from your m.(提示：错误，名词) 4.The_(support)words from my friends made me confident..(提示：支持的，形容词) 5.She has achieved great_(succeed)in her career.(提示：成功，名词) 6.The_(important)of teamwork can't be ignored.(提示：重要性，名词) 3.三、首字母填空 1.In sports,fair play and good sportsmanship are more important than winningr_.(提示：等级：排 名) 2.He made a mand apologized to his classmate immediately.(提示：错误) 3.The teacher's encouragement gave me the cto try again.(提示：勇气，与encourage相关) 4.We need to judge the situation c before making a decision.(提示：仔细地，修饰动词judge) 5.Parents should a_their children to develop good habits from an early age.(提示：允许；准许) 4.参考答案 ·一、单项选择 1.A2.B3B4.C5.A6.A7.A8.A9B10.A ·二、根据提示补全句子 1.respect 2.encourages 3.mistakes 4.supportive 5.success 6.importance ·三、首字母填空 1.rank 2.mistake 3.courage 4.carefully 5.allow