方位介词及短语-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（译林牛津版）

初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 方位介词全解 语法专版 【专题】方位介词及短语 语法专项突破 考频分析 初一下译林牛津版中，方位介词及短语是基础语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，主要分布 在核心题型：单项选择(2-3题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（辅助定位信 息，影响细节题准确率)。在语境理解类题目中，方位介词及短语的固定搭配和空间逻辑关系往往 是解题关键。 考查内容 。常用方位介词辨析：in、on、at、under、behind、beside、between、among的基本含义与空间位置表 达 ●方位介词短语搭配：in front of、next to、across from、on the left/right of、in the middle of的固定结 构与场景运用 ·语境中的灵活运用：结合具体情境选择恰当的方位介词及短语描述物体位置、方向关系和空间布局 知识点一：方位介词及短语 1.表示位置的介词（描述物体间相对位置） 1.常见介词： ·in(在…里面)→例句：The book is in the bag. 。on(在…上面)→例句：There is a picture on the wall. 。under(在…下面)→例句：My cat is under the table. ·behind(在…后面)→例句：My bike is behind the tree 。beside(在…旁边)→例句：The library is next to the classroom 。between(在…之间)→例句：She sits between Lucy and Lily.. 2.表示方向的介词（描述移动的目标或方向） 1 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 方位介词全解 1.常见介词： ·to(向…方向)→例句：She walks to school every day 。towards(朝…方向)→例句：He ran towards the park. 。into(进入…里面)→例句：The dog jumped into the river. 。out of（从…出来)→例句：The dog jumps out of the box. 。along(沿着)→例句：We walk along the street.. 3.方位介词短语（介词+名词构成固定搭配） 1.常见短语： 。in front of(在…前面)→例句：There is a tree in front of the house.. 。next to(紧挨着…)→例句：Our classroom is next to the library. ●across from(在…对面)一→例句：The bank is across from the supermarket. 。far from(远离…)→例句：The station is far from my home. 。on top of(在…J顶端)→例句：There is a flag on top of the building. 知识点二：方位介词及短语 1.表示位置的介词及短语（静态位置) 1.基本介词： 。at(在小地点/具体位置)→例句：We meet at the station. 。in(在大地点/空间内部)→例句：She lives in Beijing ·on(在表面上/接触)→例句：The book is on the desk. ●above(在斜上方，不接触)→例句：The picture is above the sofa. 。below(在斜下方，不接触)一→例句：The temperature is below zero today. 2.短语搭配： 。in the middle of(在…中间)→例句：There is a table in the middle of the room 。at the top of（在…J顶部)→例句：There is a red flower at the top of the mountain. ◆at the bottom of(在…底部)一→例句：Sign your name at the bottom of the page. 。on the left/right(在左边/右边)→例句：The bank is on the left of the street. 。in the corner of(在…角落里)→例句：There is a chair in the corner of the room. 2.表示方向的介词及短语（动态移动) 1.基本介词： 2 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 方位介词全解 。fiom(从…来)→例句：He came from London last week 。through(从内部穿过)→例句：They walked through the forest. ·across（从表面穿过)→例句：She swam across the river 。over(从上方越过)→例句：The plane flew over the mountain, ·past(从旁边经过)→例句：He walked past the shop. 2.短语搭配： 。goto.（去…)→例句：We will go to the park tomorrow. 。come from..(来自…)→例句：I come from China. ·walk along.(沿着…走)→例句：They walked along the river. 。un across..(跑过…表面)→例句：The children ran across the field,. ·drive through.（开车穿过…内部)→例句：We drove through the tunnel.. 3.易错介词辨析 1.in front of vs.in the front of: 。in front of(在物体外部的前面)→例句：A tree is in front of the house. ●in the front of(在物体内部的前面)→例句：The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom. 2.on vs.in vs.at: ·on(具体日期/星期表面)→例句：on Monday,.on the wall 。in(年/月/季节/上午/下午/晚上/大地点)→例句：in2023,in summer,in the morning,in China 。at(具体时间点/小地点)→例句：at7:00,at the station 3.across vs.through: ·across(表面穿过：马路、河流、操场等)→例句：Walk across the street. ·through(内部穿过：森林、窗户、隧道等)→例句：Go through the door.. 知识点三：方位介词及短语 1.表示位置的介词及短语 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。in(在…里面)→例句：The book is in the bag. ·on(在…上面，接触表面)→例句：There is a cup on the table. 。under(在…下面)一→例句：The cat is under the chair. ●behind(在…后面)→例句：My bike is behind the tree 3 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 方位介词全解 。in front of(在…前面，外部)→例句：There is a garden in front of the house.. 。next to(紧挨着…)一例句：The library is next to the classroom ●between..and.(在…和…之间)→例句：She sits between Lucy and Lily.. 。near(在…附近)→例句：We live near the supermarket. 。above(在…上方，不接触)一例句：There is a picture above the bed. 。below(在…下方，不接触)→例句：The temperature is below zero today.. 2.表示方向的介词及短语 1.基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。to(向…，去…，表方向)一例句：He walks to school every morning ·fom(从…，来自…)→例句：I come from China. 。into(进入…里面)→例句：She runs into the room quickly. 。out of(从…出来)→例句：The dog jumped out of the box. ·along(沿着…)→例句：We walk along the street,. 。across(穿过，从表面)→例句：They swim across the river 。through(穿过，从内部)→例句：The light goes through the window. ·up(向上…)→例句：Please climb up the hill, 。dowm(向下…)→例句：He runs down the stairs 。towards(朝…方向)→例句：She looks towards the door 3.表示时间与其他场景的方位介词（中考易错) 1.特殊用法拓展： 。at(用于具体时间点)→例句：Ve start class at8:00a.m 。on(用于具体日期星期)→例句：My birthday is on July5th ·in(用于年/月/季节/上午/下午/晚上)→例句：It often rains in summer. 。by(到…为止，不迟于…)→例句：Finish the work by Friday. 。with(和…一起，用…工具)→例句：He writes with a pen. 。without(没有…)→例句：She goes to school without breakfast. 。about（关于…)→例句：They talk about the movie. 。for(为了…，持续…时间)→例句：I study English for two hours every day. 考法精析 考法一：位置介词辨析 4 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 方位介词全解 核心：根据物体间相对位置关系（如内部/外部、接触非接触、垂直/非垂直），选择正确的方位介词 真题1（语法填空)： The teacher is standing-the front of the classroom,so all students can see her. 答案：in 解析：表示“在教室内部的前部”，强调空间内部的位置，用in the front of。 真题2（单项选择)： There is a bridge the river.We often walk across it to the village A.on B.over C.above D.under 答案：B 解析：桥在河的正上方且跨越河流（有障碍物），用over;on强调表面接触，above仅表上方无垂 直关系，under表下方，均不符合语境。 考法二：方位介词及短语辨析 核心：根据物体位置关系或移动方向，结合语境选择正确的方位介词及短语 真题1（语法填空)： The teacher is standing_the classroom.(在教室内部前面) 答案：in the front of 解析：表示在空间内部的前部，用in the front of:in front of表示在物体外部的前面，此处老师在教 室内部，故用in the front of。 真题2（完形填空）： There is a bridgethe river. A.on B.over C.above D.under 答案：B 解析：over表示“越过障碍物”，桥在河上方且有跨越的含义：on强调与表面接触，above仅表示 在上方无垂直关系，under表示在下方，此处桥跨越河流，用over。 考法三：方位介词及短语的综合辨析与应用 核心：结合语境区分静态位置、动态方向介词及易混短语的用法，掌握不同场景下介词的准确选择 真题1（单项选择)： There is a big tree_the classroom and a teacher's desk_it. A.in front of,in the front of B.in the front of;in front of C.in front of;in front of D.in the front of,in the front of 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 方位介词全解 答案：A 解析：第一空“树在教室外部的前面”用in front of:第二空“讲桌在教室内部的前面”用in the front of,符合知识点二和知识点三中in front of与in the front of的辨析。 真题2（语法填空）： Walk the street and turn left_the second crossing.You'll find the bank is_the supermarket. 答案：along;at,opposite 解析：第一空“沿着街道走”用along,符合知识点一和知识点二中表示方向的介词along;第二空 “在第二个十字路口左转”用t,符合知识点二中t用于具体位置；第三空“银行在超市对面”用 opposite,符合知识点三中表示位置的介词opposite。 解题小妙招 方位介词妙招 位置关系是核心，内部外部先分清： 接触与否看表面，垂直跨越用over: in front of内外辨，内部加the别忘记： 基础介词要记牢，方向位置细区分： 短语应用看语境，固定搭配需牢记： above over莫混淆，有无跨越是关键： on表接触in表内，under below分高低。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.There is a picture the wall. A.in B.on C.at D.under 2.The teacher is standingthe classroom. A.in front of B.in the front of C.behind D.next to 3.A bird is flyingthe house. A.on B.over C.under D.at 4.My home is the supermarket and the bank. A.between B.among C.in D.on 5.She walks_the street every morning A.along B.across C.through D.over 6.The cat is hiding the sofa. A.on B.above C.under D.in 6 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 方位介词全解 7.Japan is the east of China. A.in B.on C.to D.at 8.There is a tree_the corner of the street. A.in B.on C.at D.under 9.The light goes the window into the room. A.across B.through C.over D.along 10.We arrivedShanghai at 9:00 a.m. A.at B.on C.in D.to 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The books are_the bag. 2.He is standing front of the building 3.The bridge is the river. 4.My school is to the library. 5.She runs_the park every evening. 6.There is a red flower_the top of the mountain. 7.The dog jumped the river. 8.The bank is the left of the street. 9.They live_Green Street. 10.The teacher is sittingthe students. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) 1.My name is Tom.I live_a small house_the countryside. 2.There is a garden front of my house,and many flowers are_it. 3.Every morning,I walkthe path to school 4.The school is not far my home,so I often arrive time. 5.In the classroom,my desk is_the window. 6.My best friend,Lily,sits me. 7.After school,we sometimes play basketball-the playground. 7 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 方位介词全解 答案区 演练-：1B2.B3B4.A5.A6.C7.C8B9.B10.C 演练二：1.in2.in3.over4.next5.towards6.at7.into8.on9.on10.among 演练三：1.in,in2.in,in3.along4from,on5.near6.beside7.on P