定冠词-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（译林牛津版）

初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 定冠词全解 语法专版 【专题】定冠词 语法专项突破 考频分析 初一下译林牛津版中，定冠词是基础语法模块，考频占词法总量的10%左右，主要分布在核心题 型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)。在语境应用类题目中，定冠词与 名词的搭配规则及特指泛指的区分往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。基本用法规则：特指与泛指的区分，上文提到的人或事物、独一无二的事物、双方都知道的人或事 物等场景的使用 ·固定搭配与习惯表达：定冠词在专有名词（如江河湖海、山脉群岛、国家名称特定情况等）、固定 短语中的应用 。零冠词与定冠词对比：抽象名词、物质名词表示泛指时零冠词的使用，与定冠词表特指的语境差异， 以及复数可数名词表泛指时零冠词与定冠词的区分 知识点一：定冠词的基本用法及分类 1.定冠词he的基本含义（特指某/些人或事物） 1.用法说明：用于特指双方都知道或上文已提到的人物，或用于独一无二的事物前 2.例句： 。The book on the desk is mine.(特指桌上的书) ●The sun rises in the east.(独一无二的事物) 2.定冠词he的常见固定搭配 1.用于乐器类名词前：play the piano(弹钢琴)、play the violin(拉小提琴) 。例句：She learns to play the guitar every weekend. 2.用于形容词最高级前：the tallest(最高的)、the most interesting(最有趣的) 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 定冠词全解 ·例句：This is the most delicious cake I've ever eaten. 3.用于姓氏复数前（表全家人或夫妇）：he Greens(格林一家)、the Smiths(史密斯夫妇) ●例句：The Whites are having dinner now. 3.定冠词he的省略情况 1.学科名称前：English(英语)、math（数学) ·例句：We study English every day. 2.球类运动前：play basketball(打篮球)、play football(踢足球) ●例句：He often plays football after school. 3.三餐名称前：have breakfast(吃早餐)、have dinner(吃晚餐) ●例句：She has lunch at school. 知识点二：定冠词的基本用法和特殊规则 1.定冠词he的基本用法（表特指) 1.特指上文提到过的人或事物 。例句：I have a cat.The cat is black.(上文提到过cat,再次提及用the) ·例句：She bought a book yesterday.The book is very interesting.(特指昨天买的那本书) 2.特指双方都知道的人或事物 ·例句：Please open the window.(双方都知道指哪个窗户) ·例句：Let's go to the park.(双方都知道指某个特定公园) 3.特指被限定词修饰的名词（如带定语从句、介词短语等） ·例句：The girl in red is my sister.(in red限定girl,表特指) 。例句：This is the house where I lived last year.(where引导定语从句限定house) 2.定冠词he的固定搭配用法 1.用于世界上独一无二的事物前 ·例句：The sun rises in the east..（太阳是独一无二的) 。例句：We live on the earth.(地球是独一无二的) 2.用于序数词、形容词最高级前 2 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 定冠词全解 ·例句：He is the first student to come to school..（序数词first前用the) 。例句：This is the tallest building in our city..(最高级tallest前用the) 3.用于乐器名称前 ·例句：she plays the piano very well.(piano是乐器，前用the) 。例句：He is learning to play the violin.(violin是乐器，前用the) 3.不用定冠词the的情况（零冠词） 1.复数名词表示泛指时 ·例句：Dogs are loyal animals.(泛指所有狗，不用the) 。例句：Students should study hard.(泛指学生群体，不用the) 2.不可数名词表示泛指时 。例句：Water is important for life.(泛指水，不用the) ·例句：Music makes people happy.(泛指音乐，不用the) 3.专有名词（国名、人名、地名等）前 ●例句：China is a great country..(China是国名，不用the) ·例句：Tom is my good friend..(Tom是人名，不用the) 4.星期、月份、季节前（但若特指某一年的季节用he) 。例句：We have class on Monday..(Monday是星期，不用the) ·例句：Spring is my favorite season.(泛指春天，不用the) ·例句：The summer of2023 was very hot.(特指2023年的夏天，用the) 4.定冠词the与零冠词的对比辨析 1.三餐前通常不用he,但特指某一顿饭时用he ●例句：I have breakfast at7a.m.(泛指早餐，不用the) ●例句：The breakfast she made was delicious.(特指她做的那顷早餐，用the) 2.学科名称前不用the,但表示”某一门学科的课程”时用he ·例句：Math is my favorite subject.(泛指数学学科，不用the) ·例句：The math class today was difficult.(特指今天的数学课，用the) 知识点三：定冠词 1.特指某（些）人或某（些）事物（中考必背） 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 定冠词全解 1.指说话双方都知道的人或事物→例句：Open the window,please.(请打开窗户。) 2.指上文提到过的人或事物→例句：I have a cat.The cat is very cute.(我有一只猫。这只猫很可爱。) 3.用在世界上独一无二的事物前→例句：The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。) 4.用在序数词和形容词最高级前→例句：He is the first student to come to school.(他是第一个到校的 学生。)This is the tallest building in our city..(这是我们城市最高的建筑。) 2.用在某些固定搭配中（中考常考） 1.in the morning/,afternoon/.evening(在早上/下午/晚上)→例句：We have classes in the morning.（我们 上午有课。) 2.on the weekend(在周末)一例句：They often go shopping on the weekend..(他们经常在周末去购物。) 3.the same as（和·一样)→例句：My bag is the same as yours..(我的包和你的一样。) 4.by the way(顺便说一下)→例句：By the way,.where is Tom?(顺便问一下，汤姆在哪里？) 3.不用定冠词的情况（中考易错） 1.表示泛指的复数名词前→例句：Dogs are our good friends..(狗是我们的好朋友。) 2.表示学科、语言的名词前一例句：Math is difficult but interesting.(数学很难但很有趣。)We learn English at school..(我们在学校学英语。) 3.球类、棋类运动前→例句：Ie likes playing basketball.(他喜欢打篮球。)They often play chess after dinner..(他们晚饭后经常下棋。) 4.节日、季节前→例句：Christmas is in December.(圣诞节在十二月。)Spring is a beautiful season.(春 天是个美丽的季节。) 考法精析 考法一：定冠词the的基本用法（特指） 核心：根据语境判断是否表示特指（双方已知、上文提及或被限定词修饰的人/事物），确定是否使 用定冠词the 真题1（语法填空)： I have a pen.-pen is red. 答案：The 解析：上文已提及”apen”,此处特指上文提到的钢笔，用定冠词The。 真题2（完形填空)： Let's go to_park near our school. 4 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 定冠词全解 A.a B.an C.the D./ 答案：C 解析：”near our school''限定了公园的范围，特指双方都知道的学校附近的公园，用定冠词he。 考法二：定冠词the的用法辨析与运用 核心：根据语境判断是否需要使用定冠词he,区分特指、固定搭配及省略情况 真题1（语法填空）： She often plays-piano after school,but her brother likes playingbasketball 答案：the;/ 解析：第一空弹钢琴”为乐器类名词前需加the;第二空”打篮球”为球类运动前省略he。 真题2（完形填空）： sun rises in_east and sets in_west. A.The;the;the B.A;an;a C./the;/D.The;/; 答案：A 解析：”太阳”为世界上独一无二的事物，前加the:”east”west'为方位名词，与定冠词the连用表 特指方向，故选A。 考法三：定冠词the与零冠词的综合辨析 核心：结合语境判断名词前是否使用定冠词h,掌握特指用法、固定搭配及零冠词规则的灵活运 用 真题1（单项选择)： _girl in red is my best friend.She plays_piano very well. A.A;the B.The;/C.The;the D.A;/ 答案：C 解析：第一空后”in red'修饰girl表特指，用定冠词the;第二空'piano'”为乐器类名词，固定搭配 需加the,故选C。 真题2（语法填空）： We usually havedinner at 6:30 p.m.Butdinner my mother cooked yesterday was very special. 答案：：The 解析：第一空dinner”表泛指三餐，用零冠词：第二空特指'我妈妈昨天做的晚餐”，需用定冠词the。 解题小妙招 5 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】定冠词全解 定冠词the解题妙招 特指用法先判断，双方已知或上文提： 限定修饰加the了，独一无二也别忘： 乐器之前常加he,球类运动不加the: 序数最高级要带he,复数表类人也用he: 方位名词连the用，固定搭配需牢记： 综合应用看语境，细心排查保正确。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.We will visitGreat Wall next summer holiday. A.a B.an C.the D./ 2.My father often playsbasketball in the afternoon. A.a B.an C.the D./ 3.-book on the desk is my English textbook. A.AB.An C.The D./ 4.She is_first student to finish the exam in our class. A.a B.an C.the D. 5.-sun gives us light and heat. A.AB.An C.The D./ 6.Let's go to_cinema tonight.I heard a new film is on. A.a B.an C.the D./ 7.-old should be respected by everyone in society. A.AB.An C.The D./ 8.My brother plays-piano very well,but he doesn't like playing-football. A.the;the B.the;/C./;the D./; 9.-Smiths are going to move to New York next month. A.AB.An C.The D. 10.This ismost interesting story I have ever read. A.a B.an C.the D./ 演练二：填空试题（共10题，用适当的冠词填空，不填请写”/） 1.I have a dog.-dog is very cute. 2.We usually have breakfast at 7:00 inmomning. 6 初一下译林牛津版 【语法专版】 定冠词全解 3.She learns to play-violin every Saturday. 4.Yangtze River is the longest river in China. 5.He often plays football with his friends after school 6.Spring Festival is an important festival in China. 7.This is best gift I have ever received. 8.My mother is_doctor,and she works inhospital near our home. 9.girl in red is my cousin 10.They went to-park we visited last week. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) 1.Tom is a student in Grade 8.He loves music and often plays_1-guitar after school.His dream is to be2 musician.Every morning,he gets up early and reads English for 30 minutes because he thinks English is3most important subject. 2.Last Sunday,Tom went to4Great Wall with his family.5weather was sunny and warm.They met 6oldman there._7oldman told themmanystories about_8 history of the Wall.In9evening, they watched_10film about ancient China.Tom said it was a great day! 答案区 演练-：1.C2.D3.C4.C5.C6.C7.C8B9.C10.C 演练二：1.The2.the3.the4.The5./6.The7.the8.a;the9.The10.the 演练三：1.the2.a3.the4.the5.The6.an7.The8.he9.the10.a 7