专项复习：动词时态和被动语态复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法知识点全解（教科版五四制）

9年级专项复习教科版（五四制） 【语法专顷】 动词时态和被动语态复习 专项复习 动词时态和被动语态复习 语法核心突破 考频分析 初三教科版（五四制）中，动词时态和被动语态是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的25%左右，贯 穿试卷所有核心题型：单项选择(3-4题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(2-3题)、书面表达（核 心考察，直接影响句子时态准确性与语态合理性)。在语境理解类题目中，动词时态的辨析、被动 语态的结构及语境应用往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。时态与被动语态的特殊用法：主动表被动、被动语态中by的省略、时态混用逻辑 ·情态动词被动语态：can/may/must/should+be done结构 。动词时态综合运用：一般现在时过去时/将来时的被动语态 知识点二：时态与被动语态的易错点与特殊用法 1.主动表被动的特殊情况（无需使用被动结构） 。感官系动词(look,sound,smell,taste,.feel) 结构：主语+感官系动词+形容词（主动形式表被动含义”起来”） 例句： 1.The flower smells sweet..(smell主动表被动，意为”花闻起来很香”) 2.This shirt feels soft.(feel主动表被动，意为”衬衫摸起来很软，) 。不及物动词的主动形式(happen,take place,.appear,disappear) 特点：无被动语态，只能用主动表动作发生 例句： l.The accident happened last night.(happen无被动，直接用主动) 2.Great changes have taken place in our city.(take place无被动) 2.被动语态中”by+动作执行者”的省略规则 1 9年级专项复习教科版（五四制）》 【语法专顷】 动词时态和被动语态复习 ·执行者不明确或不重要时省略by短语 例句： l.Letters are delivered every morning.(未提及”谁送”，省略bysb.) 2.The book was written in2010.(强调时间，省略by the author) ·执行者为people/they等泛指时省略 例句： l.English is spoken all over the world.(执行者是people,省略) 3.时态混用的时间逻辑（避免时态错误搭配) ·过去进行时+whe+一般过去时（长动作被短动作打断） 例句： 1.I was cooking when the doorbell rang.(cook是长动作，ring是短动作) 2.They were playing soccer when it began to rain. ·现在完成时+since+一般过去时(since后接过去时间点/动作) 例句： 1.We have known each other since we met in20l9.(met是过去时) 2.She hasn't eaten anything since she got up this morning. 4.情态动词的被动语态(can/may/must/should+be done) ·结构：情态动词+be+动词过去分词 例句： 1.This work must be finished today.(must be finished) 2.The problem can be solved easily.(can be solved) 3.Your homework should be checked carefully.(should be checked) 5.短暂性动词与延续性动词（现在完成时的时间搭配) ·短暂性动词（如buy,die,.stat)不可与for+时间段连用，需转换为延续性动词 例句： 1.错误：He has bought the bike for2 years. 正确：He has had the bike for2 years.(buy转换为have) 2.错误：The film has started since8o'clock. 正确：The film has been on since8o'clock.(start转换为beon) 知识点三：动词时态和被动语态综合运用 1.一般现在时的被动语态 。基础结构（中考必背)： l.am/is/are+动词过去分词→例句：English is spoken by many people around the world. 9年级专项复习教科版（五四制） 【语法专顷】 动词时态和被动语态复习 2.否定式：am/is/are+not+动词过去分词→例句：This book isn't written by him. 3.疑问式：Am/Is/Are+主语+动词过去分词→例句：Is the classroom cleaned every day? 。特殊用法（中考易错）： l.客观真理/常态规律用被动语态→例句：The Earth is surrounded by air. 2.表示据说/据悉，的固定句型：It is said that..→例句：It is said that he will come tomorrow, 2.一般过去时的被动语态 ·基础结构（中考必背)： l.was/were+动词过去分词→例句：The letter was written by my sister yesterday 2.否定式：was/were+not+动词过去分词→例句：The meeting wasn't held last week. 3.疑问式：Was/Were+主语+动词过去分词→例句：Were the books bought by your father? 。时间标志词搭配（中考常考）： l.yesterday/morning/.afternoon→例句：A new school was built here yesterday. 2.last week/month/year→例句：The old bridge was repaired last month 3.in2020/in the past→例句：Many trees were planted in the park in2020 3.一般将来时的被动语态 。基础结构（中考必背）： l.will be+动词过去分词→例句：A new hospital will be built next year: 2.an/is/are going to be+动词过去分词→例句：The problem is going to be solved soon 3.否定式：will not be/isn't/aren't going to be+动词过去分词→例句：The game won't be held because of the rain. ·常见提示词（中考核心）： 1.tomorrow/next week/month→例句：An English party will be held next Friday.. 2.soon/in the future→例句：More houses are going to be built in the future. 3.plan to/be going to→例句：The project is planned to be completed in three months. 考法精析 考法一：非谓语动词todo的固定搭配 核心：识别动词后的不定式结构，掌握”动词+todo”及特殊句型It's+adj.+todo”的应用 真题1（语法填空）： She plans (visit)her grandparents this weekend. 答案：to visit 解析：plan后接不定式作宾语，构成固定搭配”plan to do sth.(计划做某事)”，故填to visit。. 真题2（单项选择)： It's important English well. 3 9年级专项复习教科版（五四制） 【语法专顷】 动词时态和被动语态复习 A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned 答案：B 解析：此处为固定句型It's+adj.+to do sth.(做某事是.的)”，it作形式主语，真正主语是不定 式短语，故选B。 考法二：时态与被动语态综合运用 核心：结合时间语境判断时态，同时根据动作承受关系确定是否使用被动语态 真题1（语法填空)： A new hospital (build)in our city last year.Now it is open to patients. 答案：was built 解析：由时间标志词'last year'可知用一般过去时：”医院”是”被建造”的承受者，需用被动语态 结构为'was/were+-过去分词'，主语为单数，故填was built。 真题2（单项选择）： Many trees in the park since last spring. A.plant B.planted C.have been planted D.were planted 答案：C 解析：由时间标志词”since last spring”可知用现在完成时；”树”是”被种植”的承受者，被动语态 结构为'have/has been+过去分词”，主语为复数，故填have been planted。 考法三：非谓语动词搭配辨析 核心：根据动词固定搭配或句式结构，选择todo/doing/.do的正确形式 真题1（语法填空)： My mother often tells me (not play)computer games too much 答案：not to play 解析：固定搭配”tell sb.not to do sth.”表示”告诉某人不要做某事”，故填not to play。 真题2（单项选择)： We should practice English every day to improve our spoken skills. A.speak B.to speak C.speaking D.spoke 答案：C 解析：固定搭配”practice doing sth.”表示”练习做某事'，故填speaking。 考法四：时态与非谓语动词融合应用 核心：在语境中同时判断时态和非谓语动词形式，需先确定主句时态，再根据搭配规则选择非谓语 形式 真题1（语法填空)： He decided(join)the English club after he(watch)an English movie last week. 答案：tojoin;watched 解析：第一空”decide to do sth.”为固定搭配；第二空由时间标志词last week''可知用一般过去时， 9年级专项复习教科版（五四制） 【语法专顷】 动词时态和被动语态复习 watch的过去式为watched。. 真题2（单项选择)： I saw Tom basketball when I passed the playground yesterday afternoon. A.play B.playing C.to play D.plays 答案：B 解析：由when I passed'可知强调”过去某时刻正在进行的动作”，感官动词see后接”sb.doing sth.” 表示”看见某人正在做某事”，故填playing。 考法五：非谓语动词与被动语态的综合运用 核心：结合语境判断非谓语动词形式，识别主动表被动的特殊情况及情态动词被动结构 真题1（单项选择）： The students are looking forward to a picnic next weekend.It if it rains. A.have;cancels B.having;will be canceled C.having;cancels D.have;will cancel 答案：B 解析：第一空look forward to”后接动名词doing,排除A、D:第二空主语”it”指代'picnic”,与”cancel 构成被动关系，且if条件句遵循”主将从现'，主句用一般将来时被动语态”will be canceled”,故选 B。 真题2（语法填空）： It's important for us (learn)how to protect ourselves.Rules must .(follow)when we are in public places. 答案：to learn;be followed 解析：第一空为It's+adj.+todo”结构，填不定式to learn;第二空'must”为情态动词，后接被动 语态be+过去分词'，follow的过去分词为followed,故填be followed。 解题小妙招 非谓语动词妙招 todo搭配要牢记，动词后接不定式： It形主真主语，adj后接todo式： tell ask后接to,否定not加to前： doing搭配也常见，practice后要跟ing: 感官动词有两种，do表全程doing表进行： 非谓时态不混淆，固定搭配是关键。 时态语态妙招 时态判断看标志，没有标志品语境： 主动结构记”主谓’，被动必带be和done”; 被动中be最关键，记住be就OK; 5 9年级专项复习教科版（五四制） 【语法专顷】 动词时态和被动语态复习 一现被动”am/is/are”,一过被动"was/were”: 进行被动要用being”,完成被动have/has/had been”; 将来被动'will be'”,最后加上一个done。 综合运用妙招 复合句中先主句，时态标志先锁定： 非谓搭配看动词，主动被动辨关系： advise后接todo,notice后接do或doing: 环境破坏用被动，完成时态has been done; 看到just now用过去，soon出现将来时： 三者融合莫慌张，分步判断最稳当。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.We hope the museum next weekend. A.visit B.to visit C.visiting D.visited 2.My father often tells me too much time on computer games. A.not to spend B.not spend C.don't spend D.not spending 3.A new park in our town last year. A.builds B.built C.was built D.is built 4.They noticed a boy in the river when they walked past the bridge. A.swim B.swimming C.to swim D.swims 5.This work before Friday,or we will miss the deadline A.must finish B.must be finished C.finishes D.will finish 6.Great changes in our city since 2010. A.take place B.took place C.have taken place D.were taken place 7.She said she the book twice before she lent it to me. A.reads B.has read C.had read D.read 8.The song very beautiful.Many people like it. A.sounds B.is sounded C.sounded D.is sounding 9.We should practice English every day to improve our skills A.speak B.to speak C.speaking D.spoke 10.If it tomorrow,wea picnic in the park. A.rains;will not have B.will rain;don't have C.rained;didn't have D.rains;have 6 9年级专项复习教科版（五四制） 【语法专顷】 动词时态和被动语态复习 演练二：填空试题 1.My brother decided (study)abroad after finishing high school. 2.The letter (write)by my sister an hour ago 3.Please tell him (not be)late for the meeting tomorrow. 4.I saw Mary (dance)when I passed her room yesterday. 5.This problem (must solve)before the end of this week. 6.They enjoy (play)football on weekends 7.A lot of trees (plant)in our school since last spring. 8.It's important (learn)how to protect the environment. 9.The accident (happen)at 8 o'clock this morning. 10.My mother often makes me (clean)my room on Saturdays. 演练三：语法填空试题 Last Sunday,I decided (visit)the History Museum with my friends.We (meet)at the school gate at 9 a.m.When we arrived,many people(wait)outside.The museum was built in 1950 and (renovate)last year.Inside,we saw many old objects that(use)hundreds of years ago. While we (look)at a ancient vase,a guide told us it(make)in the Ming Dynasty.She also suggested (watch)a short video about the museum's history.The video(show)how the museum (develop)over time. After the visit,we felt very excited.I hope (come)here again next year. 答案区 演练-：1B2.A3.C4.B5B6.C7.C8.A9.C10.A 演练二：1.to study2.was written3.not to be4.dancing5.must be solved 6.playing 7have been planted 8.to learn 9.happened 10.clean 演练三：1.to visit2.met3.were waiting4.was renovated5.were used 6.were looking 7.was made 8.watching 9.showed 10.had developed 7