专项复习：动词不定式复习 -2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法知识点全解（教科版五四制）

初三教科版（五四制）》 【专项复习】 动词不定式复习 专项复习 动词不定式复习 9年级语法专项突破 考频分析 初三教科版（五四制）中，动词不定式是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷所 有核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响 句子完整性与准确性。在语境理解类题目中，动词不定式的基本用法、在句中成分及固定搭配往往 是解题关键 考查内容 知识点二：动词不定式的句法功能 1.作主语（表示具体动作或一件事） 。基本结构：T0+动词原形+其他成分（通常用t作形式主语，不定式后置） 。例句： l.To learn English well is important..(动词不定式直接作主语) 2.It is important to learn English wel.(it作形式主语，真正主语是to learn English well) 2.作宾语（跟在及物动词后，表动作内容） ·常见接不定式作宾语的动词：want(想要)、hope(希望)、decide(决定)、plan(计划)、try(尝 试)、offer(主动提出)、agree(同意)、refuse(拒绝) 。例句： 1.She wants to buy a new bike.(want+to buy,作宾语) 2.They decided to visit the museum tomorrow.(decide+to visit,.作宾语) 3.作宾语补足语（补充说明宾语的动作或状态) ·常见接不定式作宾补的动词：ask(要求)、tell(告诉)、want(想要)、teach(教)、invite(邀 请)、allow（允许)、help(帮助，to可省)、make(使，被动语态to要还原) 。例句： l.My mother asked me to clean my room.(me是宾语，to clean my room是宾补) 1 初三教科版（五四制） 【专项复习】 动词不定式复习 2.The teacher told us not to be late.(told us+not to be late,否定形式在to前加not) 3.He often helps me(to)carry books.(help后的to可省略) 4.The boy was made to stand for an hour.(被动语态，make后的to还原) 4.作表语（位于系动词后，说明主语的内容或性质） ·常见系动词：be（是)、seem(似乎)、appear(显得)、become(变得) ·例句： l.Her dream is to be a doctor.(is后接to be a doctor,说明梦想内容) 2.He seems to know the answer.(seems后接to know,表主语的状态) 5.作定语（修饰名词或代词，通常后置） ·不定式与被修饰词的关系：动宾关系（不定式中的动词与被修饰词构成逻辑动宾）、主谓关系 (被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语) 。例句： l.I have a lot ofhomework to do.(todo修饰homework,逻辑动宾关系：do homework) 2.He is the first student to arrive.(to arrive修饰student,逻辑主谓关系：student arrives) 6.作状语（表示目的、原因、结果等） 。目的状语（常用in order to/so as to,so as to不用于句首） 例句：He got up early to catch the first bus.(to catch表目的：为了赶公交车) 。结果状语（常用only to.表意外结果） 例句：She hurried to the station,only to find the train had left.(only to find表意外结果：却发现火 车已开走) ·原因状语（常与glad,happy,soy,sad等形容词连用) 例句：I am glad to see you..(to see you表原因：因为见到你而高兴) 知识点三：动词不定式的时态和语态变化 1.一般式(todo） 基础用法（中考必背)： 。表示动作发生在谓语动词之后→例句：He hopes to visit Paris next year. ·表示主动关系一例句：She wants to buy a new book. 2.进行式(to be doing） 用法解析（中考理解）： ·表示动作与谓语动词同时发生一例句：He seems to be reading a novel now. 3.完成式(to have done) 用法解析（中考理解）： 2 初三教科版（五四制）》 【专项复习】 动词不定式复习 。表示动作发生在谓语动词之前→例句：She is said to have finished the work. 4.被动式(to be done) 基础搭配拓展（中考必背）： 。need to be done(需要被做)→例句：The room needs to be cleaned.. 。want to be done(想要被做)→例句：This letter wants to be posted ·hope to be done(希望被做)一例句：He hopes to be invited to the party. 特殊结构搭配（中考易错）： 。It's+adj.+to be done（某事被…是…的)→例句：It's necessary to be careful. ●too+adj.+to be done(太…而不能被做)→例句：The problem is too hard to be solved 考法精析 考法一：不定式作宾语补足语的”t0”省略辨析 核心：根据动词类型（使役动词/感官动词vs普通动词），判断不定式作宾语补足语时是否省略to” 真题1（语法填空)： The teacher let the students (clean)the classroom after school. 答案：clean 解析：let为使役动词，后接不带to的不定式作宾补，结构为'let sb.do sth.” 真题2（单项选择)： My mother often tells me too much time on computer games A.not spend B.to not spend C.not to spend D.don't spend 答案：C 解析：tel为普通动词，接不定式作宾补时结构为'tell sb.(ot)to do sth.”,否定形式在to前加not 考法二：不定式结构辨析与功能判断 核心：结合不定式的基本功能（作主语、宾语等）与进阶用法（省略o、时态语态等），判断句子 中不定式的正确形式及语法作用 真题1（语法填空)： The teacher told us (not be)late for class again 答案：not to be 解析：根据知识点二“不定式的否定形式”，结构为“not+to+动词原形”，此处“told”后接不定 式作宾补，否定形式直接在to前加not。 3 初三教科版（五四制） 【专项复习】 动词不定式复习 真题2（单项选择)： It's kind you help me with my English. A.for;to B.of;to C.for;/D.of/ 答案：B 解析：根据知识点三“易混结构辨析”中“Tt's+adj.+ofsb.+to do sth.”的用法，kind修饰人品 质用介词of,且不定式作真正主语需带to,完整结构为“it’s+adj.+ofsb.+to do sth.”。 考法三：动词不定式的综合句法功能与特殊用法辨析 核心：结合不定式作宾补的被动还原规则、作定语的逻辑关系及省略o的固定搭配，判断不定式 的正确形式及用法。 真题1（单项选择)： The children were made homework before watching TV,and they had no choice but it. A.do;finish B.to do;to finish C.do;to finish D.to do;finish 答案：B 解析：第一空：make用于被动语态时，其后不定式需还原to,即“be made to do”;第二空：固定 搭配“have no choice but to do”(别无选择只能做某事)，but后接带to的不定式，故选B。 真题2（语法填空)： We have a lot of tasks (complete)this week,so our teacher told us (not waste)time.The monitor was chosen (help)us organize the work. 答案：to complete;not to waste;to help 解析：第一空：不定式作定语修饰tasks,表动宾关系，用“to complete'”;第二空：tell后接不定式 作宾补，否定形式为“tell sb.not to do”,故填“not to waste”;第三空：choose用于被动语态时，不 定式作主语补足语需带to,即“be chosen to do”,故填“to help”。 解题小妙招 不定式作宾补”to”省略妙招 使役感官特殊记，let/make/have加see; 宾补不定式跟其后，o字省略莫忘记： 普通动词如tell/ask,宾补必须带to字； 否定形式也简单，not放在to前面。 不定式结构功能判断妙招 功能判断看位置，主语宾语或表语： It's adj of/for sb”句型，of指品格for指事： 真正主语是不定式，o字相随不分离： 4 初三教科版（五四制）》 【专项复习】 动词不定式复习 否定not加to前，固定搭配要牢记。 不定式综合应用妙招 tell ask want后接宾补，to字带上莫疏忽： 否定not在to前站，结构完整不出错： make let have是使役，宾补不带to字去： It's adj to do'”是固定，形式主语it占位，真正主语todo跟在后。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题) 1.My father asked me the dishes after dinner. A.wash B.to wash C.washing D.washed 2.The little girl is too young herself. A.dress B.to dress C.dressing D.dressed 3.It's importantusEnglish every day. A.for;to learn B.of;to learn C.for;learn D.of;learn 4.He pretended when his mother came into the room. A.sleep B.to sleep C.sleeping D.slept 5.My brother used up late,but now he gets up early. A.get B.to get C.getting D.got 6.We saw him the piano in the music room just now. A.play B.to play C.plays D.played 7.It took me three hours this math problem A.solve B.to solve C.solving D.solved 8.She is old enoughher own decisions. A.make B.to make C.making D.made 9.The teacher told usnoisy in the library. A.not be B.to not be C.not to be D.don't be 10.There is a beautiful garden in our school. A.to walk B.walk C.walking D.to walk in 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.She hopes _(visit)her grandparents next weekend. 2.My mother often teaches me how (cook)delicious food. 初三教科版（五四制） 【专项复习】 动词不定式复习 3.Let's (go)to the park together,shall we? 4.His dream is (become)a famous scientist. 5.I have a lot of homework (do)tonight. 6.The boss made the workers (work)for twelve hours a day. 7.It'skind you (help)me carry the heavy box. 8.He is willing (share)his toys with his little sister. 9.Don't forget (lock)the door before you leave. 10.She ran fast (catch)the early bus,but she still missed it 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) Last Sunday,my friend Lily invited me (go)shopping with her.We planned (buy)some new clothes for the coming summer.On the way,we saw an old man (carry)a heavy bag,so we stopped (help)him.The old man thankedus and said it was kind. us (offer)help. After that,we continued our trip.Lily wanted (try)on a red dress,but she found it was too small (wear).She felt a little sad,but I told her (not worry).Finally,she chose a blue skirt.It took us three hours (finish)shopping.Though we were tired,we were very happy. 参考答案 演练-：1B2B3.A4.B5B6.A7B8B9.C10D 1.to visit 2.to cook 3.go 4.to become 5.to do 6.work 7.of;to help 8.to share 9.to lock 10.to catch 演练三：1.togo2.to buy3.cay4.to help5.of6.to offer7.toty8.to wear9.not to worry10.to finish 6