Unit 6 A Girl Named Wilma 一般过去时被动语态-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法知识点全解（教科版五四制）

初三下册教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】Unit6知识点精解 Unit 6 【专题】一般过去时被动语态 语法专项突破 考频分析 教科版（五四制）9下Uit6中，一般过去时被动语态是重点语法点，考频占语法总量的10%左右， 主要出现在单项选择(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)等题型中。在语境理解类 题目中，一般过去时被动语态的结构及用法辨析往往是解题关键。 知识点一：一般过去时被动语态专项突破 1.核心结构（过去被动的构成要素) 1.时态助动词：was(主语单数/不可数)/were（主语复数) 2.被动标志：动词过去分词（规则动词加-ed,不规则动词需特殊记忆） 3.完整公式：主语+was/were+过去分词+by+动作执行者，可省略) 例句： 。The letter was written by my brother.（主语单数，用was:write的过去分词为written) ·These books were bought last Sunday.（主语复数，用were;buy的过去分词为bought) 2.句式转换（四大基础句式变形) 1.肯定句：主语+was/were+过去分词 例：The bridge was built in1998.(这座桥建于1998年) 2.否定句：主语+was/were+not+过去分词 例：The meeting was not held yesterday.（会议昨天没举行) 3.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+过去分词？ 例：Were these photos taken by your father?(这些照片是你爸爸拍的吗？) 4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+过去分词？ 例：When was the new school built?(新学校是什么时候建成的？) 3.语境应用（教材单元重点场景） 1 初三下册教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 Unit6知识点精解 1.人物经历描述(Unit6 Wilma相关) 例：Wilma was called"the black pearl'by people..(威尔玛被人们称为”黑珍珠”) 2.历史事件陈述 例：The first Olympic Games were held in Greece..(第一届奥运会在希腊举办) 3.物品来源说明 例：This storybook was given to me by my teacher..(这本故事书是老师送给我的) 4.易错点警示（初中生高频错误） l.be动词误用：主语为单数时误用were(如：The song were sung→was sung) 2.过去分词混淆：不规则动词记错（如：break→broken而非breaked) 3.主动被动混淆：有明确过去时间时误用主动态（如：The work finished yesterday→was finished) 知识点二：一般过去时被动语态 1.基本结构 1.肯定句：主语+was/were+过去分词 →例句：The story was written by Lu Xun. 2.否定句：主语+was/were+not+过去分词 →例句：The letter wasn't sent yesterday. 3.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+过去分词？ →例句：Were the books bought last week? 2.用法拓展（中考核心) 1.动作承受者作主语时使用 →例句：The window was broken by Tom. 2.不知道动作执行者时使用 例句：This song was sung all over the country. 3.强调动作本身时使用 →例句：A new hospital was built in our city last year. 3.特殊句式（中考易错) 1.含情态动词的被动（情态动词+be+过去分词） →例句：The work should be finished on time. 2 初三下册教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 Unit6知识点精解 2.主动变被动（人称代词变化） →原句：They invited her to the party.. →被动：She was invited to the party by them. 解题小妙招 时态语态妙招 时态判断看标志，没有标志品语境： 主动结构记”主谓”，被动必带be和done”; 被动中be最关键，记住be就OK; 一现被动”am/is/are”,一过被动'was/were'; 进行被动要用being'’,完成被动have/has/had been'”; 将来被动'will be'”,最后加上一个done。 考法精析 考法一：一般过去时被动语态结构辨析 核心：根据主语单复数及动词特征，正确使用'was/were+过去分词？结构并避免常见错误 真题1（语法填空)： The old house_(build)in 1990.Now it still looks strong. 答案：was built 解析：由时间标志词”im1990”可知用一般过去时；主语house'”为单数，be动词用was;build的过 去分词为built。. 真题2（单项选择)： These books_to the library last week. A.are returned B.were returned C.returned D.was returned 答案：B 解析：由时间标志词'last week'”可知用一般过去时；主语books”为复数，be动词用were;return的 过去分词为returned,.构成被动语态。 考法二：主动被动转换与语境应用 核心：结合具体语境，将主动句转换为一般过去时被动句，注意主谓一致和过去分词正确形式 真题1（语法填空)： The workers-(build)a new bridge over the river last year.Now people can cross the river easily. 答案：built 解析：主动句中，主语The workers为动作执行者，时间标志词'last year''表明用一般过去时，build 的过去式为built 初三下册教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 Unit6知识点精解 真题2（句型转换)： People planted many trees in the park last spring.(改为被动句) many trees_in the park last spring? 答案：Were planted 解析：主动句宾语many trees变被动句主语，主语为复数，be动词用were;plant的过去分词为planted,. 一般疑问句将were提前 考法三：一般过去时被动语态的语境应用与句式转换 核心：结合具体语境（如历史事件、人物经历）判断被动语态的使用，掌握一般过去时被动语态的 四大句式转换及易错点规避 真题1（单项选择)： The first Olympic Games_in Greece in 776 BC.They are very important in history. A.held B.were held C.are held D.was held 答案：B 解析：主语“The first Olympic Games”是动作“hold”的承受者，需用被动语态；由时间标志“in 776BC”可知用一般过去时，主语为复数，be动词用were,hold的过去分词为held。 真题2（语法填空）： These photos_(take)by my father during his trip to Beijing last summer.Look how beautiful they are! 答案：were taken 解析：主语“these photos'”是动作“take”的承受者，用被动语态；时间标志“last summer'”提示 用一般过去时，主语为复数，be动词用were,take的过去分词为taken。. 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.The letterby Tom yesterday A.is written B.was written C.wrote D.writes 2.These books_to the library last week A.are returned B.were returned C.returned D.was returned 3.A new hospital in our town in 2010 A.built B.was built C.is built D.builds 4.The thief by the police last night A.caught B.was caught C.is caught D.catches 5.The flowersby my mother this morning A.was watered B.watered C.were watered D.are watered 6.The story by Lu Xun many years ago A.was written B.wrote C.is written D.writes 初三下册教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 Unit6知识点精解 7.The accident_at 7 o'clock yesterday evening A.was happened B.happened C.is happening D.happens 8.My bike_and now it works well A.repaired B.was repaired C.isrepaired D.repairs 9.-the homeworkby Lucy yesterday? A.Was finished B.Were finished C.Did finish D.Does finish 10.The Great Wall_over 2,000 years ago A.built B.was built C.is built D.builds 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The window(break)by the children just now 2.A new bridge(build)over the river last year 3.The meeting(not hold)because of the heavy rain 4.Many trees(plant)in the park last spring 5.The letter(write)by my brother an hour ago 6.The room_(clean)yesterday afternoon 7.The thief(catch)by the police at that time 8.My computer_(repair)last week and now it works well 9.The books(not return)to the library last month 10.A valuable painting-(steal)from the museum last night 演练三：语法填空试题 Last year,a new school 1_(build)in our town.It 2-(design)by a famous architect.The construction 3(start)in March and 4(finish)in December.Many workers5(hire)to work on the project.The walls 6(paint)white and the floors 7(cover)with new carpets.All the classrooms 8(equip)with modern computers.The school 9(open)to students in January this year.Everyone in our town 10_(excite)about this new school. 答案区 演练-：1-5 BBBBC6-10 ABBAB 演练二：1.was broken2.was built3.wasn'theld4.were planted 5.was written 6.was cleaned 7.was caught 8.was repaired 9.weren't returned 10.was stolen 演练三：1.was built2.was designed3.was started4.was finished 5.were hired 6.were painted 7.were covered 8.were equipped 初三下册教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】Unit6知识点精解 9.was opened 10.was excited 6