Unit 5 The Way to Success 过去完成时-2025-2026学年九年级英语下册语法知识点全解（教科版五四制）

9下Unit5教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 过去完成时全解 核心语法 【专题】过去完成时 Unit 5 The Way to Success 考频分析 初三教科版（五四制）中，过去完成时是重点语法模块，考频占语法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷核 心题型：单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（辅助考察，影响 句子逻辑连贯性)。在语境理解类题目中，过去完成时与一般过去时的区分及时间状语的呼应往往 是解题关键。 知识点二：过去完成时的核心用法与易错点 1.基本概念与逻辑关系 ·定义：表示在过去某个动作或时间点之前已经完成的动作，强调“过去的过去”，即存在两个先 后发生的过去动作，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。 。逻辑示例：When I got to the station(过去动作)，the train had already left(过去完成时，“离开” 在“到达”之前). 2.时间标志词的精准辨析 ·by+过去时间点：表示“到过去某个时间为止”，如by the end of last month(到上月末为止)、by 9o'clock yesterday morning(到昨天早上9点为止) 。before+一般过去时句子：如before she went to bed(在她睡觉之前)、before the rain stopped(在 雨停之前) ·when/after/before+过去时动作：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时(when引导时主从句动 作可能存在“一先一后”或“打断”关系，需结合语境判断) 3.主动语态的结构与例句 。结构：主语+had+动词过去分词（无论主语单复数，统一用had:过去分词规则变化加-ed,不 规则变化需记忆，如go-gone,eat-eaten) 。例句： l.She had studied English for3 years before she moved to America.(move是一般过去时，study 发生在nove之前，用had studied) 1 9下Unit5教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 过去完成时全解 2.They realized they had lost the key when they arrived home.(arrived是一般过去时，lose发生 在realized之前，用had lost) 4.被动语态的结构与注意事项 。结构：主语+had been+动词过去分词(had been体现过去完成时，过去分词体现被动) ·例句： I.The classroom had been cleaned by students before the teacher came in.(came是一般过去时， clean发生在came之前，用had been cleaned) 2.All the tickets had been sold out when we got to the cinema.(got是一般过去时，sell out发生在 got之前，用had been sold out) ·注意事项：不及物动词无被动语态，如happen,appear,come等，不可用于过去完成时被动结构 5.与一般过去时的区别 。时间对比：一般过去时表示过去某个时间点发生的动作（无先后关系)，过去完成时强调“过去 的过去”（存在明确先后顺序） ·错误示例：He told me he visited(错误，应改为had visited)Beijing twice last year.(“告诉”是过 去时，“参观”发生在“告诉”之前，需用过去完成时) ·正确示例：He visited(正确，一般过去时)Beijing twice in2023.(仅表示过去时间发生的动作，无 先后对比，用一般过去时) 6.常见语境应用 ·宾语从句中：当主句为一般过去时，从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句用过去完成时，如Se said she had never seen such a beautiful place. 。间接引语中：转述过去的过去发生的动作，如He told us that he had finished the project the day before ●虚拟语气中（初中拓展）：用于wish后的宾语从句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，如I wish I had known the truth earlier.(实际上过去不知道) 知识点三：过去完成时 1.基本结构 肯定句：主语+had+过去分词→例句：She had finished her homework before her parents came back. 否定句：主语+had not(hadn')+过去分词→例句：They hadn't known the news until yesterday. 一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词？→例句：Iad he left when you arrived? 2.时间标志词(（中考必背) (I)by+过去时间点→例句：By the end of last month,we had learned 1000 English words. (2)before+过去时间/过去动作→例句：I had lived in Beijing before I moved to Shanghai. (3)when+一般过去时从句→例句：When I got to the station,.the train had already left. 口after+过去完成时从句→例句：After she had read the letter,.she cried. 9下Unit5教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 过去完成时全解 3.核心用法（中考核心) (I)表示过去某动作之前已完成的动作(“过去的过去”)→例句：He told me he had visited the Great Wall twice. (2)用于宾语从句中，主句为一般过去时，从句动作先于主句动作→例句：She said she had seen the movie before. (3)与hardly..when"no sooner..than.”连用（倒装结构）→例句：Hardly had we got home when it started to rain. 考法精析 考法一：过去完成时基本概念及主动语态应用 核心：理解“过去的过去”逻辑关系，掌握主动语态结构（主语+had+动词过去分词），根据上下 文判断动作先后顺序 真题1（语法填空）： When Tom (arrive)at the station,the train had left. 答案：arrived 解析：the train had left(火车离开)是“过去的过去”，arrive(到达)是过去的参照动作，用一般 过去时，arrive的过去式为arrived。 真题2（单项选择)： She told me she the book twice before. A.read B.reads C.has read D.hadread 答案：D 解析：主句谓语动词told是一般过去时，ead(阅读)发生在told之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去 完成时，结构为had+过去分词，read的过去分词为read,故选D。 考法二：过去完成时与一般过去时综合应用 核心：通过上下文动作的先后顺序及时间标志词，区分过去完成时与一般过去时的使用场景 真题1（语法填空）： By the time my brother arrive)at the station yesterday,the train (leave)already. 答案：arrived:had left 解析：“by the time+一般过去时句子”是过去完成时的时间标志词，arrive为后发生的过去动作，用 一般过去时arrived;leave发生在arrive之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时had left。 真题2（单项选择）： She told me she the Great Wall twice before she moved to Beijing in 2019. A.visits B.visited C.has visited D.had visited 答案：D 解析：主句谓语动词told为一般过去时，宾语从句中“visit”发生在“told”之前，即“过去的过 去”，需用过去完成时had visited。A为一般现在时，B为一般过去时，C为现在完成时，均不符合 动作先后逻辑。 3 9下Unit5教科版（五四制）》 【语法专版】 过去完成时全解 考法三：过去完成时在复合句中的综合运用 核心：结合宾语从句、时间状语从句语境，判断动作先后关系，正确运用过去完成时主动与被动结 构 真题1（单项选择)： She told me she the film twice before she came to this city A.sees B.saw C.has seen D.had seen 答案：D 解析：主句told为一般过去时，从句动作'see”发生在told”之前，需用过去完成时，结构为had+ 过去分词”，see的过去分词为seen。 真题2（语法填空）： By the time my parents got home,I(finish)my homework and_(clean)the room already 答案：had finished had cleaned 解析：by the time+一般过去时句子，作状语，主句动作”finish'”和'clean''均发生在”got home'”之前， 用过去完成时，结构为had+过去分词”，finish的过去分词为finished,clean的过去分词为cleaned。 解题小妙招 过去完成时妙招 过去完成看先后，”过去的过去”是核心 主动结构主had done'”,被动had been done”要记清： 复合句中辨时态，主句过去宾从先，用had done莫迟疑： by the time和before,从句过去主过完： 时间标志last week,单纯过去用did: 先于过去动词作，had done结构准没错。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.He said he the museum three times before A.visit B.visits C.has visited D.had visited 2.By the end of last year,we English for five years. A.learn B.learned C.have learned D.had learned 3.When I to the park,the children games there A.got;played B.got;had played C.had got;played D.got;were playing 4.My father told me he the car before he went to work. A.washes B.washed C.has washed D.had washed 4 9下Unit5教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 过去完成时全解 5.She realized she her keys at home when she reached the office. A.leaves B.left C.has left D.had left 6.By 9 o'clock last night,I all my homework. A.finish B.finished C.have finished D.had finished 7.He in this school for ten years before he moved to Shanghai. A.teaches B.taught C.has taught D.had taught 8.They the Great Wall twice by the time they were 15. A.visit B.visited C.have visited D.had visited 9.The girl said she never such a delicious cake before. A.has;tasted B.had;tasted C.was;tasting D.is;tasting 10.Before Tom to bed,he his room. A.went;cleaned B.went;had cleaned C.had gone;cleaned D.went;was cleaning 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.When Lily (arrive)at the party,most guests (already leave). 2.My mother told me she(buy)a new bike for me the day before. 3.By the time we (get)to the cinema,the movie (start) 4.He (work)in the factory for 20 years before he retired. 5.She said she(read)the novel twice before last month. 6.Before I(meet)him,I(hear)a lot about him. 7.They(finish)the project by the end of last week. 8.When the teacher(come)into the classroom,the students (stop)talking 9.I (never see)such a beautiful place before I visited Guilin 10.He toldus he (learn)English for six years before he went to college 演练三：语法填空（共10空) Last Sunday,I decided to visit my grandparents.I (not see)them for a long time because I (be)busy with my studies.When I(arrive)at their house,my grandma_(cook)lunch,and my grandpa(read)a newspaper in the living room. Grandma said she(prepare)my favorite dishes since morning.I felt very happy because she (remember)my favorite food even though I(not tell)her for years.After lunch,Grandpa showed me some old photos.He told me he(take)them when he(travel)to Beijing in 2010.We laughed a lot while looking at the photos,and I realized how much I missed them. 9下Unit5教科版（五四制） 【语法专版】 过去完成时全解 参考答案 演练-：1D2D3.B4D5.D6D7.D8D9.B10B 1.arrived;had already left 2.had bought 3.got;had started 4.had worked 5.had read 6.met;had heard 7.had finished 8.came;had stopped 9had never seen 10.had learned 1.hadn't seen 2.had been 3.arrived 4.was cooking 5.was reading 6.had prepared 7.had remem- bered 8.hadn't told 9.had taken 10.traveled 6