Unit 4 Review 复习形容词最高级过去时及过去时被动语态-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法知识点全解（教科版五四制）

教科版（五四制）8下Unit4 Review 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】复习形容词最高级、过去时及过去 时被动语态 语法专项突破 考频分析 教科版（五四制）8下Unit4 Review中，形容词最高级、过去时及过去时被动语态是重点语法模块， 考频占句法总量的15%左右，主要分布在试卷核心题型：单项选择(2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、 语法填空(2题)、书面表达（辅助考察，影响句子表达丰富性与时态准确性）。在语境理解类题目 中，形容词最高级的比较范围、过去时的时间标志词及过去时被动语态的动作承受关系往往是解题 关键。 知识点二：形容词最高级的构成与用法 1.规则变化 1.单音节词和部分双音节词： 。一般在词尾加-est:tall(高的)→tallest(最高的)：fast(快的)→fastest(最快的) ·以不发音字母e结尾的词加-st:nice(好的)→nicest(最好的)：large(大的)一→largest(最大 的) ·以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i加-est:easy(容易的)→easiest（最容易的)；happy(开 心的)→happiest（最开心的) ·以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写末尾辅音字母加-est:big(大的)→biggest (最大的)：hot(热的)→hottest(最热的) 2.多音节词和部分双音节词： 。在词前加most:beautiful（美丽的)→most beautiful(最美丽的)；important(重要的)→most important(最重要的) 2.不规则变化 ·good(好的)→best(最好的) 。bad(坏的)→worst(最坏的) 教科版（五四制）8下Unit4 Review 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。many/much(多的)一→most(最多的) 。little(少的)→least(最少的) 。far(远的)→farthest(指距离，最远的)/furthest(指程度，最深远的) 3.用法 1.表示三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，常用“the+最高级+（名词）+in/of/among.”结构 例句： -She is the tallest girl in our class.(她是我们班最高的女生。) -This story is the most interesting of the three.(这个故事是三个中最有趣的。) 2.形容词最高级前通常加定冠词h,但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等限定词时，不 加the 例句： -He is my best friend.(他是我最好的朋友。) -This is Tom's newest bike.(这是汤姆最新的自行车。) 3.“one of the+最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最…之一” 例句： -Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.(北京是中国最大的城市之一。) 4.形容词最高级可被序数词修饰，结构为“th+序数词+最高级” 例句： -The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.(黄河是中国第二长的河流。) 知识点三：情态动词 1.can/could(能力/请求许可) 。can表现在能力→例句：She can speak three languages. ·could表过去能力→例句：I could swim when I was five. ·can(could)表请求许可(could更委婉)→例句：Can I borrow your pen?/Could you help me? 。can't表推测（否定）→例句：He can't be at home now. 2.may/might(可能性/许可) ·may表许可→例句：You may leave the room now. 。might表推测（可能性低于nay)→例句：It might rain tomorrow. ·may(might)表请求(may更正式)→例句：May I use your dictionary? 3.must/have to（必须/不得不) 2 教科版（五四制）8下Unit4 Review 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。must表主观必须→例句：We must follow the school rules. 。have to表客观需要（有人称/时态变化）→例句：She has to stay at home to look after her sister. 。mustn't表禁止→例句：You mustn't park here.. 。needn't表不必（回答must提问）→例句：一Must I finish it today?一No,you needn't. 4.should/ought to(建议/义务) 。should表建议→例句：You should exercise more.. 。ought to表义务（语气强于should)→例句：We ought to help the poor.. 。should have done表本应该做（未做）→例句：You should have told me the truth. 5.will/would(意愿/习惯) 。will表将来意愿→例句：I will visit you next week. 。would表过去习惯→例句：He would read books in the evening. 。would表委婉请求→例句：Would you please open the window? 考法精析 考法一：形容词最高级用法 核心：掌握形容词最高级的基本结构、常见句式及易错点，能根据语境正确使用最高级形式 真题1（语法填空）： This is-(interesting)book I have ever read.I want to read it again. 答案：the most interesting 解析：根据“I have ever read”可知比较范围为三者及以上，interesting为多音节形容词，最高级形 式为the most interesting。 真题2（单项选择）： Which is-season in your hometown? A.the coldest B.coldest C.colder D.cold 答案：A 解析：询问“哪个是你家乡最冷的季节”，属于三者及以上比较，应用最高级，形容词最高级前需 加定冠词the,故选A。 考法二：最高级与过去时融合应用 核心：结合过去时间标志词，正确使用形容词/副词最高级描述过去发生的动作或状态 真题1（语法填空）： Yesterday,we had a singing competition.Lucy sang the_(beautiful)and won the first prize. 教科版（五四制）8下Unit4 Review 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 答案：most beautifully 解析：由时间标志词“Yesterday”可知事件发生在过去：“the+最高级”结构中，多音节副词beautifully 的最高级为most beautifully,修饰动词sang。 真题2（单项选择）： -Which movie did you like_among the three last weekend? -The one about space exploration A.good B.better C.best D.well 答案：C 解析：由时间标志词“last weekend”和范围“among the three”可知，需用副词最高级；like.best 为固定搭配，意为“最喜欢…”，符合语境。 考法三：形容词最高级与过去时被动语态的综合运用 核心：结合语境使用'th+最高级”结构描述特征，同时正确运用过去时被动语态表达动作的承受关 系 真题1（单项选择)： This was one of the_films I last year. A.most exciting:saw B.excitingest;saw C.most exciting:was seen D.excitingest;was seen 答案：A 解析：第一空”one of the+最高级”结构中，多音节形容词exciting的最高级为most exciting;第二 空主语I是动作see的执行者，且时间标志”last year'提示用一般过去时主动语态，see的过去式为 SaW。 真题2（语法填空)： The Great Wall is one of the world's_(famous)wonders.It_(build)thousands of years ago. 答案：most famous:was built 解析：第一空'one of the+最高级'结构中，多音节形容词famous的最高级为most famous;第二空 主语It(指代长城)是动作build的承受者，时间标志'thousands of years ago'”提示用一般过去时被 动语态，build的过去分词为built,主语为单数，be动词用was。 解题小妙招 最高级解题妙招 比较范围先找全，三者以上最高级见： 单音词尾加est,多音词前most添： he在最高级前站，固定搭配记心间； 过去时态看标志，动词变化要准确： 4 教科版（五四制）8下Unit4 Review 【寒假专版】A版知识点全解 被动语态be done,.时态体现在be前： one of结构要注意，the加最高级接名词复数： 结合语境细分析，语法填空和单选都不难。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.Which ismonth of the year in your city? A.hotest B.the hottest C.hotter D.hot 2.My father_to the park with my brother yesterday morning. A.go B.goes C.went D.will go 3.This story is_interesting one I have ever heard. A.the most B.more C.most D.the more 4.The letter_by Lucy an hour ago. A.wrote B.was written C.is written D.writes 5.Tom ran-in the race last Friday and got the first prize. A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest 6.They_a new house in 2022. A.buy B.bought C.will buy D.buys 7.Beijing is one ofcities in the world. A.biggest B.the biggest C.bigger D.big 8.-you_the football match on TV last night? A.Do;watch B.Did;watch C.Will;watch D.Are;watching 9.The old bridge_in 1998 and it is still useful now. A.built B.was built C.is built D.builds 10.She is-student in her class because she studies hardest. A.good B.better C.best D.the best 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.My mother_(cook)dinner for us last evening. 2.This movie is the(exciting)one I have seen this year. 3.The children-(not play)basketball in the park yesterday. 4.He is the(tall)boy in Grade Eight 5.The letter(send)to my pen pal last week. 教科版（五四制）8下Unit4 Review 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 6.We(visit)the Great Wall with our teachers in 2023. 7.Which subject do you like the(much),Math or English? 8.The classroom_(clean)by the students after school yesterday. 9.My sister_(not finish)her homework last Monday. 10.This river is the_(long)in our hometown. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） Last Sunday,we had a school trip to the countryside.The weather was fine,and the trip was one of the (happy)days I have ever had. In the morning,we_(meet)at the school gate and took a bus.The bus ride was about two hours.Along the way,we saw green hills and clean rivers.Some students sang songs,and others told stories.Li Ming sang the(beautiful)of all,so we cheered for him loudly. When we arrived,we(show)around a farm by an old farmer.He told us many interesting things about farming.We(pick)apples in the orchard.I_(eat)three apples because they were so sweet! In the afternoon,we played games.I joined a running race.I ran as fast as I could,but Tom ran _(fast) than me and won.However,it was still fun. At 5:00 p.m.,we-(leave)the farm.On the bus,everyone felt tired but happy.I think this trip-(be)the most memorable one last year.I hope we(have)another trip soon! 答案区 演练-：1B2.C3.A4.B5D6.B7B8B9.B10D 1.cooked 2.most exciting 3.didn't play 4.tallest 5.was sent 6.visited 7.most 8.was cleaned 9.didn't finish 10.longest 1.happiest 2.met 3.most beautifully 4.were shown 5.picked 6.ate 7.faster 8.left 9.was 10.will have 6