Unit 12 Review 复习被动语态不定代词及过去进行时-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（教科版五四制）

初中教科版（五四制） 【复习专版】7下Unit 12 Review 语法复习 【专题】复习被动语态、不定代词及过去进 行时 语法专项突破 考频分析 教科版（五四制）7下Unit 12 Review中，复习被动语态、不定代词及过去进行时是重点语法模块， 考频占语法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷核心题型：单项选择(2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填 空(1-2题)。在语境理解类题目中，被动语态的结构、不定代词的指代及过去进行时的时间状语辨 析往往是解题关键。 知识点二：不定代词的分类及用法 1.普通不定代词（表示不确定数量或范围的人/物） 1.指人：somebody(某人，肯定句)、anybody(任何人，否定/疑问句)、nobody(没人)、everybody (每个人) 。例句： 1.Somebody is knocking at the door..(有人在敲门，肯定句用somebody) 2.Is there anybody in the classroom?(教室里有人吗？疑问句用anybody) 3.Nobody knows the answer.(没人知道答案，表否定) 4.Everybody likes music.(每个人都喜欢音乐，表全部) 2.指物：something（某物，肯定句)、anything(任何物，否定/疑问句)、nothing(没东西)、everything (一切事物) 。例句： 1.I have something important to tell you.(我有重要的事告诉你，肯定句用something) 2.Do you have anything to eat?(你有吃的东西吗？疑问句用anything) 3.There is nothing in the box..(盒子里什么都没有，表否定) 4.Everything is ready for the party.(派对一切准备就绪，表全部) 2.数量不定代词（表示不确定数量） 1 初中教科版（五四制） 【复习专版】7下Unit 12 Review 1.修饰可数名词：many(许多，肯定句)、few(很少，表否定)、afew(几个，表肯定)、several(几个) ·例句： 1.Many students like playing football.(许多学生喜欢踢足球，修饰可数名词复数) 2.He has few friends here.(他在这里几乎没朋友，表否定) 3.There are a few books on the desk.(桌上有几本书，表肯定) 4.Several girls are singing in the park.(几个女孩在公园唱歌) 2.修饰不可数名词：much(许多，肯定句)、little(很少，表否定)、a little(一点，表肯定) 。例句： 1.He doesn't have much money.(他没多少钱，修饰不可数名词) 2.There is little milk in the bottle.(瓶子里几乎没牛奶，表否定) 3.I need a little sugar for the coffee.(我需要一点糖放咖啡里，表肯定) 3.复合不定代词（由some/any/no/every-+body/one/thing构成） 1.作主语时，谓语动词用单数 。例句： 1.Somebody is waiting for you..(有人在等你，谓语用is) 2.Everything goes well.(一切顺利，谓语用goes) 2.形容词修饰复合不定代词时，后置 ·例句： l.I have something interesting to share.(我有有趣的事要分享，interesting后置修饰something) 2.Is there anything new in the newspaper?(报纸上有新消息吗？new后置修饰anything) 4.不定代词的指代关系 1.none(既可指人也可指物，表三者及以上”没有一个”，可与of连用) ·例句： 1.None of the books is mine.(这些书没有一本是我的，指物，谓语用单数) 2.None of them are here.(他们没一个人在这里，指人，谓语用复数) 2.(指三者及以上”全部’，可与of连用，修饰可数/不可数名词) ·例句： 1.All of the apples are red.(所有苹果都是红的，修饰可数名词复数) 2.All of the water is clean.(所有水都是干净的，修饰不可数名词) 3.both(指两者”都’，可与of连用，修饰可数名词复数) 2 初中教科版（五四制） 【复习专版】 7下Unit 12 Review 。例句： l.Both of my parents are teachers.(我父母都是老师，指两者) 2.They both like swimming.(他们俩都喜欢游泳，both放实义动词前) 知识点三：情态动词 1.基本用法及肯定句（中考必背） 1.can(能/会) ,例句：She can speak English well. 2.may(可以/可能)→例句：You may leave the room now. 3.must(必须)→例句：We must follow the school rules. 4.should(应该)→例句：You should eat more vegetables. 5.wil(将要/愿意)→例句：I will help you with your study.. 2.否定句及疑问句（中考核心） 1.can't(不能/不可能)例句：He can't swim across the river. →疑问句：Can you play the guitar? 2.mustn't(禁止)-→例句：You mustn't talk loudly in the library. →疑问句：Must I finish the work today? 3.needn't(不必)→例句：You needn't come early tomorrow. →疑间句：Need we bring our textbooks? 3.情态动词表推测（中考易错) 1.must（一定，用于肯定句)→ 例句：The book must be Lucy's. 2.may/might(可能，用于肯定/否定句)→例句：He may not come to the party. 3.can't(不可能，用于否定句)→例句：This can't be your pen..Your pen is red. 考法精析 考法一：不定代词用法辨析 核心：根据语境（肯定/否定/疑问）及名词类型（可数/不可数），选择正确的不定代词 真题1（单项选择)： 3 初中教科版（五四制） 【复习专版】 7下Unit 12 Review There isn't in the fridge.Let's go shopping. A something B anything C nothing D everything 答案：B 解析：由否定词isnt可知本句为否定句，应用不定代词anything,表示'任何东西”，符合”冰箱里 没有东西”的语境。 真题2（语法填空）： He has_friends at school,so he often feels lonely.(few/a few) 答案：few 解析：由feels lonely(感到孤独)”可知表否定含义，”几乎没有朋友”，friends为可数名词复数，故 填few。 考法二：不定代词与过去进行时综合运用 核心：结合不定代词的语法特点（如作主语时的谓语形式、形容词后置等）与过去进行时的时态结 构，在语境中完成语法填空或单选题 真题1（语法填空）： While_(somebody)was cleaning the classroom,I was reading in the library. 答案：somebody 解析：复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，结合while引导的过去进行时从句语境， 用somebody符合”某人正在做某事”的含义。 真题2（单项选择)： -What were you doing at 8 p.m.last night? -I was talking with-on the phone.They were all very friendly. A.someone B.anyone C.everyone D.nobody 答案：A 解析：根据语境”和某人打电话，且为肯定句，用someone:everyone表示”每个人”与后句they'重 复，anyone用于否定/疑问句，nobody表否定均不符合。 考法三：不定代词与过去进行时的综合应用 核心：结合不定代词的用法（如复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数、形容词后置等）判断过去 进行时的正确形式(was/were+动词-ing) 真题1（单项选择）： was watching TV when I came in last night. A.Someone B.Anyone C.No one D.Everyone 答案：A 解析：根据语境'昨晚我进来时有人正在看电视”，肯定句中表示”某人”用someone;复合不定代 词作主语时谓语动词用单数，句中”was watching'”符合someone作主语的语法规则。 真题2（语法填空）： While they_(do)homework,something interesting-(happen). 答案：were doing happened 初中教科版（五四制） 【复习专版】 7下Unit 12 Review 解析：while引导时间状语从句时，主从句动作同时进行，长动作用过去进行时，主语they为复数， be动词用were,故第一空填were doing;短动作用一般过去时，happen的过去式为happened,故第 二空填happened。 解题小妙招 不定代词解题妙招 肯定句中用some,否定疑问any换； 可数名词复数看，few否定afew肯： 复合代词作主语，谓语单数要牢记： 过去进行找标志，特定时刻正发生： someone表某人，肯定句中最常见： 主谓一致要注意，was/were随主语变： 形容词后置规则记，修饰不定代词放后边。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.There isn'tin the bag.It's empty A something B anything Cnothing D everything 2.He has_money left,so he can't buy the book. A few B a few C little Da little 3.of the twins likes playing basketball.They both love it. A Both B Either CNeither DAll 4.ITV at 7 p.m.last night when my mom came back. A watch B watched Cwas watching D am watching 5.While Tom-homework,his sister was listening to music. A does B did C is doing D was doing 6.-was singing in the next room this time yesterday. A Someone B Anyone CNobody DEveryone 7.There are-students in the park.They are playing games happily. A many B much C little Dfew 8.-Were you reading a book at 9 o'clock yesterday morning? -No,I.I was cleaning my room. A am not B wasn't Cweren't D didn't 初中教科版（五四制） 【复习专版】7下Unit 12 Review 9.I have two pens.of them works well.You can borrow one. A Both B Either C Neither D All 10.She was talking with_on the phone when I entered.It was her friend Lucy. A someone B anyone C everyone Dnobody 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.There is_(little/a little)milk in the glass.Let's buy some more. 2.They_(play)football at 4 p.m.yesterday afternoon. 3.(Everything/Nothing)is ready for the party.We can start now. 4.My brother has_(few/a few)friends here,so he often stays at home. 5.While I(read)a book,the phone suddenly rang 6.There isn't_(something/anything)interesting in this magazine 7.(Both/All)of my parents are teachers.They work in the same school. 8.She(not watch)TV at 8 o'clock last night.She was doing homework. 9.Is there(someone/anyone)in the classroom?I need help. 10.(Either/Neither)of the answers is correct.You need to try again. 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空） Last Sunday was a busy day for my family.At 9 a.m.,my mom_(cook)breakfast in the kitchen. My dad was reading newspapers,and I-(clean)my room.While we-(have)lunch at noon,_ (someone/anyone)knocked at the door.It was our neighbor Uncle Li.He said he needed _(a few/few) help with his computer.My dad went to help him,and my mom andI(wash)the dishes. In the afternoon,my brother andI went to the park.There were_(many/much)children there.Some were flying kites,and others were playing games.At 4 p.m.,we-(play)basketball when it started to rain.We ran home quickly. In the evening,we watched a movie together.While the movie_(be)on,my brother suddenly said,"I have_(something/anything)important to tell you-I passed the English exam!"We were all very happy. 答案区 演练-：1B2.C3.A4.C5D6.A7.A8.B9.B10.A 演练二：1.little2.were playing3.Everything4.few5.was reading6.anything7.Both 8.wasn't watching 9.anyone 10.Neither 演练三：1.was cooking2.was cleaning3.were having4.someone5.a little 6.were washing 6 初中教科版（五四制） 【复习专版】7下Unit 12 Review 7.many 8.were playing 9.was 10.something 7