Unit 9 Different Cultures 一般现在时被动语态-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（教科版五四制）

初中七年级下教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】一般现在时被动语态 语法专项突破 考频分析 教科版（五四制）7下Unit9 Different Cultures中，一般现在时被动语态是重点语法点，考频占语 法总量的15%左右，主要分布在核心题型：单项选择(1-2题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（间 接考察，影响对被动语境的理解)。在语法应用类题目中，一般现在时被动语态的结构构成及语境 运用往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·一般现在时被动语态基本结构：肯定句、否定句、疑问句构成 ·特殊用法：含情态动词的被动结构、主动变被动转换步骤 ·文化场景应用：礼仪规范描述、习俗习惯表达、文化差异对比 ·常见错误与纠正：遗漏be动词、过去分词错误、不及物动词误用 知识点一：一般现在时被动语态 1.基本结构 1.肯定句（中考核心）： 。结构：主语+am/is/are+过去分词 。例句： 1.Rice is grown in the south of China..（水稻在中国南方被种植。) 2.The classroom is cleaned every day.(教室每天被打扫。) 2.否定句（基础变形）： 。结构：主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词 ·例句 1.English is not spoken here.(这里不说英语。) 初中七年级下教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.The letter is not written by her..(这封信不是她写的。) 3.疑问句（中考常考）： ·结构：Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词 。例句 l.Is the book translated into Chinese?(这本书被翻译成中文了吗？) 2.Are the flowers watered every morning??(这些花每天早上被浇水吗？) 2.用法拓展（中考必背) 1.表示客观事实或普遍真理： ·例句 1.The Great Wall is visited by millions of people every year.(长城每年被数百万人参观。) 2.English is spoken as a second language in many countries.（英语在许多国家被当作第二语言使 用。) 2.强调动作的承受者（常与by短语连用）： 。例句 1.This song is written by a famous singer.(这首歌由一位著名歌手创作。) 2.The problem is solved by my teacher.(这个问题被我的老师解决了。) 3.用于科技、新闻等正式文体： ·例句 l.The new bridge is built over the river.(新桥在河上修建。) 2.Milk is kept in the fridge to stay fresh.（牛奶被放在冰箱里保鲜。) 3.特殊结构（中考易错） 1.主动表被动的情况（感官动词/系动词+adj.): 。例句 l.The food tastes delicious.(食物尝起来很美味。)（不用is tasted) 2.The cloth feels soft.(布料摸起来很柔软。)（不用is felt) 2.带双宾语的被动语态（间接宾语变主语）： ·例句： 1.He gave me a book.→I was given a book(by him).(我被给了一本书。) 2.She teaches us math.→We are taught math(by her).(我们被教数学。) 3.情态动词的被动语态（情态动词+be+过去分词）： 初中七年级下教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。例句 l.The work must be finished on time..(这项工作必须按时完成。) 2.This question can be answered easily.(这个问题能被轻松回答。) 知识点二：一般现在时被动语态的特殊用法与文化场景应用 1.特殊结构与句式转换 1.含情态动词的被动结构： 。结构：主语+can/may/must/should+be+动词过去分词 ·例句： l.The classroom must be cleaned every day.(教室必须每天被打扫) 2.This book can be read in the library.(这本书可以在图书馆被阅读) 2.主动变被动步骤： ·1.找宾语（动作承受者)作被动句主语 ·2.谓语动词变为be+过去分词”（时态不变） ·3.原主语前加by放句尾（可省略） ·例句转换： l.主动：People speak English in many countries, 2.被动：English is spoken(by people)in many countries. 2.文化场景中的应用(Unit9 Different Cultures) 1.礼仪规范描述： 。例句： 1.InJa即an,bowing is used to show respect..（在日本，鞠躬被用来表示尊敬) 2.Chopsticks are used to eat food in China.(在中国，筷子被用来吃饭) 2.习俗习惯表达： 。例句： I.Red envelopes are given to children during Spring Festival.(春节期间红包被送给孩子们) 2.Tea is served when guests visit in Britain..(在英国，客人来访时会被提供茶) 3.文化差异对比： 。例句： I.In some countries,shoes are taken off before entering homes.(在一些国家，进家门前鞋子会被 脱掉) 3 初中七年级下教科版（五四制）》 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.Forks and knives aren't used in traditional Korean meals.(传统韩国餐中不使用刀叉) 3.常见错误与纠正 1.遗漏be动词： 错误：Rice eaten by many people, 。正确：Rice is eaten by many people. 2.过去分词使用错误： 。错误：The letter is write by her. ●正确：The letter is written by her.. 3.不及物动词误用被动： ·错误：Happiness is seemed by everyone.(seen为不及物动词，无被动) 。正确：Everyone seems happy.. 解题小妙招 情态被动妙招 情态被动看情态，can may must should: 结构牢记情态+be done'',否定”情态+not+be done'”; 疑问'情态+主语+be done'”,被动标志be和done”: 般现在被动”am/is/are done'”,情态被动多了”情态”； 结合语境辨差异，必要性用情态被动： 过去分词要记牢，不规则变化需特殊。 考法精析 考法一：情态动词的被动语态结构及运用 核心：掌握情态动词(can/may/must//should)被动语态的肯定、否定、疑问结构，能根据语境正确 转换主动语态为被动语态 真题1（语法填空)： This difficult problem_(can solve)by my brother.He is good at math 答案：can be solved 解析：主语'problem”与动词solve”是被动关系，情态动词can的被动语态结构为'can+be+过去 分词'，solve的过去分词为solved。 真题2（单项选择）： The meeting_until next Monday. 4 初中七年级下教科版（五四制）》 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 A.mustn't be put off B.must be putted off C.must not put off D.mustn't put off 答案：A 解析：主语'meeting”与”'put off”是被动关系，情态动词否定被动结构为”情态动词+not+be+过 去分词'，put的过去分词为put,A选项符合结构要求。 考法二：被动语态结构辨析 核心：根据语境中是否有情态动词，区分情态动词被动语态与一般现在时被动语态的结构差异 真题1（语法填空)： This kind of book_(can borrow)from the library. 答案：can be borrowed 解析：句中含情态动词can,需用情态动词被动语态结构”情态动词+be+过去分词'，borrow的过 去分词为borrowed。 真题2（单项选择)： These rules_by all students in our school. A.must follow B.must be followed C.are follow D.are followed 答案：B 解析：ules与follow是被动关系，句中含情态动词must,应用'must+be+过去分词'结构，follow 的过去分词为followed。 考法三：一般现在时被动语态的综合运用与文化场景结合 核心：结合文化场景判断动作的承受者，正确使用一般现在时被动语态的基本结构及含情态动词的 被动结构，避免常见错误 真题1（单项选择)： In Japan,bowing-to show respect when people meet. A.uses B.is used C.used D.was used 答案：B 解析：主语bowing”是动作”use”的承受者，需用被动语态：此处描述日本的文化习俗，是客观事 实，用一般现在时被动语态，结构为”is+过去分词”，use的过去分词为used。 真题2（语法填空)： Chopsticks_(must use)to eat food in China.It's a traditional way. 答案：must be used 解析：主语Chopsticks'”是动作”use”的承受者，用被动语态；句中含情态动词”must”,其被动结构 为”must+be+过去分词'，use的过去分词为used。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.This old song_by many young people now. 5 初中七年级下教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 A.is sung B.are sung C.sings D.is singing 2.The classroom_every day to keep clean. A.must clean B.must be cleaned C.must cleaned D.must be cleaning 3.These books_from the library.You can borrow some. A.may borrow B.may be borrowed C.are borrowed D.are borrowing 4.The problem_right now.It's very urgent. A.should solve B.should be solved C.should solved D.should be solving 5.Your homework_on time,or the teacher will be angry. A.must hand in B.must be handed in C.must be hand in D.must handed in 6.-this novel by that famous writer? A.Is;written B.Does;write C.Can;written D.Must;write 7.The door-because the key is lost. A.can't open B.can't be opened C.isn't opened D.doesn't open 8.These rules_by all students in our school A.must follow B.must be followed C.are follow D.are followed 9.English_as a second language in many countries. A.speaks B.is spoken C.is speaking D.spoke 10.The meeting-until next week.We need more time to prepare A.mustn't put off B.must be put off C.can be put off D.can put off 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The letters一(send)to my parents every month.(一般现在时被动) 2.This question一(can answer)by most students..(情态动词被动) 3.The flowers_(not water)yesterday,so they look dry now.(一般现在时被动否定) 4.Children一(should take care of)by their parents..(情态动词被动) 5.This kind of car一make)in China.(一般现在时被动) 6.The work一must finish)before Friday.(情态动词被动) 7.These stories-(often tell)by my grandma.(一般现在时被动) 8.The window一(ot break)by Tom.He was not at home.(一般现在时被动否定) 9.This book一(may borrow)from the school library.(情态动词被动) l0.The classroom一(clean)every morning by the students.(一般现在时被动) 演练三：语法填空试题（一篇文章，共10空） 6 初中七年级下教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 Most people know that tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world.But do you know how tea (make)and_(drink)around the world? In China,tea-(grow)in many provinces like Yunnan and Zhejiang.The tea leaves_(pick)by hand in spring,and then they_(process)in special factories.After processing,the tea_(pack)into boxes and (send)to different countries. In some Western countries,tea_(usually serve)with milk and sugar.However,in Japan,tea_(may prepare)in a traditional way called"tea ceremony". Remember:Tea一(not leave)in the cup for too long,or it will become bitter..(一般现在时被动否定) 答案区 演练-：1.A2B3B4B5.B6.A7B8B9B10.C 1.are sent 2.can be answered 3.are not watered 4.should be taken care of 5.is made 6.must be finished 7.are often told 8.is not broken 9.may be borrowed 10.is cleaned 1.is made 2.is drunk 3.is grown 4.are picked 5.are processed 6.is packed 7.is sent 8.is usually served 9.may be prepared 10.should not be left 7