UNIT 8 SECTION 2 LESSON 1 ROOTS AND SHOOTS-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册五维课堂课时作业word（北师大版）

[基础性] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Respects and friendship provide a solid 　foundation　(基础)for marriage. 2．Tree 　roots　(根，树根)near a house can cause damage to it. 3．The police came around the corner and started 　shooting　(射击)at the mad cow. 4．The young graduate has just found a job in a research 　institute　(机构，研究院)． 5．The job 　involves　(使参与)me travelling all over the world. 6．During summer vocation，my friend always works hard，moving 　bricks　(砖，砖块)． Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The question is why he bothered 　to_make　 (make) the speech at all. 2．Polluted air and water are harmful 　to　 people's health. 3．Thank you for being firm 　with　 me while I went through my rebellion(逆反) stage. 4．All the people 　involved　 (involve) in this case must be present. 5．I patted the dog and she 　wagged　 (wag) her tail. 6．It sells flowers 　from　 all around the world. 7．He drinks 　what　 is left in his glass as if it were water. 8．The strange noise made the little girl 　frightened　 (frighten)． 9．I volunteer because I want to not just see the world，but make 　a　 difference in it. 10．What he said suggested 　that　 he was lying. [应用性] Ⅲ.完成句子 1．All of us have to 　take_action　 (采取行动) to protect our living environment. 2．If you can't 　be_bothered_to　 (没兴趣做) do that，you can't be bothered to pay attention. 3．We're sure you'll 　be_known_as　 (作为……而出名) an artist. 4．　In_addition_to　 (除……之外) giving me some advice，he gave me some money. 5．I want to do what I can to 　make_a_difference　 (起作用)． 6．He always goes to sleep，　leaving_the_light_on　(开着灯)． [综合性] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When an empty parking spot appears before us, many of us would see it for what it is—a place that could be filled with cars and trucks. But to eco­engineer Shubhendu Sharma, it's a space to be planted with trees and turned into a forest. What's more, he believes these tiny forests can grow anywhere, including our most crowded and polluted cities where 　they　 can help maintain clean air and water and provide habitat for animals and insects. “A forest is not an isolated piece of land where animals live together，”says Sharma. “A forest can be a complete part of our urban existence.”Most of us know just how important trees are to our health and to the planet.Yet millions of hectares of forest are cleared every year due to farming, ranching, logging and construction.The World Wildlife Fund estimates that 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest and surrounding ecosystems have already been lost. Inspired by the work of Japanese scientist Akira Miyawaki, Sharma built a forest in the backyard of his family's home in northern India in 2010. He planted 100 young trees in the 75­square­metre plot. They grew and a dozen species of birds came to check them out.The plantings created welcome shade, and their roots were able to absorb even the abundant monsoon (季风) rains. After a year, he had his own forest. Since then，Sharma has founded a company called Afforestt. Its top priority is to bring back natural forests to places where they no longer exist. So far, Afforestt has planted 144 forests in 45 cities around the world. Sharma has shown you can take a space—the size of six or seven parking spots and create a forest with 100 trees. Ready to create your own tiny forest? If your answer is yes, let's follow Sharma's 5­step procedures to grow our own forests. 1. What may ordinary people regard a parking spot as? A．A place for parking vehicles. B．A place for planting trees. C．A place for building houses. D．A place for producing cars and trucks. 2．What does the underlined word“they”refer to in Paragraph 2? A．Cities. B．Forests. C．Air and water. D．Animals and insects. 3．How many trees has Afforestt planted? A．45.　　　　　 B．144. C．224. D．14,400. 4．What will be talked about in the following paragraphs? A．How to create a forest. B．Why we should plant trees. C．What kind of forest we need. D．Who will follow the steps. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位生态工程学家意识到森林对生态环境至关重要后，就在小块的土地上植树造林，产生了很好的生态效果。而后他创立公司致力于种树来保护环境。 1．A　[细节理解题。由文章第一段中的When an empty parking spot appears before us...a place that could be filled with cars and trucks.可知，大部分人会把空着的停车点当作停放汽车的场所。故选A。] 2．B　[词义猜测题。由文章第二段中的What's more，he believes these tiny forests can grow anywhere，including our most crowded and polluted cities where they can help maintain clean air and water and provide habitat for animals and insects.可知，微小森林可以帮助维持空气清洁和水清洁等，they代指其前出现的复数名词forests。故选B。] 3．D　[细节理解题。由最后一段中的So far，Afforestt has planted 144 forests和Sharma has shown you can take a space—the size of six or seven parking spots and create a forest with 100 trees.可知，到目前为止，Afforestt已经种了144片森林。每片森林有100棵树，所以Afforestt已经种了14,400棵树。故选D。] 4．A　[推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的Ready to create your own tiny forest？If your answer is yes，let's follow Sharma's 5­step procedures to grow our own forests.可知，接下来的段落会介绍培育森林的方法。故选A。] B In recent times, with the advent of electric cars, the idea of fueling them with solar energy also gained momentum. Electric cars—even though they run on electricity and don't use fossil fuels—are still NOT GREEN！People suffer from the misconception that not using fossil fuels means “green”which is kind of absurd, considering the electricity we use is generated by burning the very same fuels! However, what if your car had solar panels that could charge it? Now that would indeed be a green machine！Basically，as much as we would like to incorporate this energy source into our car，the efficiency of the currently used solar panels is subject to the fulfilment of different criteria. Firstly，solar panels occupy a large amount of area. An average car has an area of 10—25 square feet on the roof，which can generate between 50—150W under ideal conditions. This is hardly enough power to light a bulb! Also, moderate sunny temperature needs to be ideal, as extremely high temperatures can reduce the efficiency of the solar panels. Cars must work in all weather conditions, so if a solar panel limits the car's functionality, it becomes practically useless. More importantly, the cost of the panels and development required to power the electronics using the sun's energy outweighs the benefits that solar panels provide. Most cars today that have solar roofs, use the solar energy to power only a few basic functions of the car.While there is still time before we will be able to drive cars fully powered by solar energy, there are some alternatives, such as solar power stations, which are being designed to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels for electricity. Solar­powered vehicles are surely the future, but not the near future. As the cost of solar panels continues to fall and their efficiency increases, things will begin to look much “brighter”for this alternative and sustainable option! 5．Why aren't electric cars environmentally friendly? A．They won't work as well as the common cars. B．They are not powered by solar energy. C．They run on electricity produced by burning fuels. D. The cause more pollution to the world. 6．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．Temperatures have little effect on solar panels. B．Powering the electronics costs little. C．A car's roof generates enough power to light a bulb. D．The performance of current solar panels depends on various factors. 7．What can we infer about solar energy in the car industry? A．Most cars have solar roofs. B．Cars can be currently powered from solar power stations. C．Cars partly powered by solar energy are on the road. D．Solar cars will soon be available. 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．What Do Solar Cars Look Like? B．Why Don't We Power Cars With Solar Energy? C．How Do Solar Cars Work? D．Could Solar Cars Replace the Electric Cars? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍目前的电动汽车虽不使用化石燃料，但仍然不是完全绿色环保的，并分析了在汽车上装环保的太阳能电池板是否具有可行性。 5．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，电动汽车不环保是因为它们靠燃烧化石燃料产生的电力运转。故选C。] 6．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的Firstly，solar panels occupy a large amount of area.和Also，moderate sunny temperature needs to be ideal，as extremely high temperatures can reduce the efficiency of the solar panels.以及More importantly，the cost of the panels and development...outweighs the benefits that solar panels provide.可知，目前太阳能电池板的性能取决于多方面的因素。故选D。] 7．B　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的While there is still time before we will be able to drive cars fully powered by solar energy，there are some alternatives，such as solar power stations可知，目前，汽车可以由太阳能发电站提供动力。故选B。] 8．D　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，目前电动汽车虽不使用化石燃料，但仍然不是绿色环保的，如果在汽车上安装太阳能电池板来发电驱动汽车，它的效率又受多种因素制约，由此可知，D项“太阳能汽车能取代电动汽车吗？”为本文最佳标题。故选D。] Ⅱ.阅读填句 Fish come in all kinds of shapes, sizes and colors.They first appeared in the oceans of the earth about 500 million years ago.Today there are tens of thousands of different kinds of fish and new species are discovered every year. Where fish live 1__　.They preferably live in areas where warm and cold currents meet.And about 40% of fish species are in fresh water.Some of them live in the clear water of rivers while others prefer muddy pond water.A few types of fish can swim in both salt and fresh water. Senses Fish have organs that tell them what is happening in the water around them.They can see left and right at the same time.They not only can hear sounds in the water but can also sense sounds that happen on the surface.　__2__　. Bodies of fish Fish have no neck.The head and the body are combined.Most fish are shaped like cigars so that they can travel very quickly.Fish are cold­blooded.　__3__　.The skin of most fish is made out of a special slippery substance.Fish breathe oxygen from the water they live in. 4__　 Fish were among the first animals hunted by primitive human beings.Millions of people all over the world depend on fish as a main form of nutrition.In many coastal countries, such as Japan or Norway, people depend on fishing to make a living.　__5__　.They eat other sea animals and are eaten by other sea creatures, thus keeping up the balance of nature. A．Dangers to fish B．The importance of fish C．Fish are a part of the food chain D．Most of the world's fish live in salt water E．Their body temperature changes with their surroundings F．Fish are also endangered by pollution of the world's oceans G．Fish can also feel water movements, thus feeling the dangers that approach them [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鱼的起源、感官、身体结构以及重要性。 1．D　[根据后文“And about 40% of fish species are in fresh water.(大约40%的鱼类生活在淡水中。)”以及本段小标题“Where fish live(鱼生活在哪里)”可知，大多数鱼是生活在盐水中的。D选项“Most of the world's fish live in salt water.(世界上大多数的鱼生活在盐水中。)”符合题意，故选D。] 2．G　[根据前文“Fish have organs that tell them what is happening in the water around them.(鱼的感官告诉它们周围的水里发生了什么。)”可知，本段讲述的是与鱼的感官有关。G选项“Fish can also feel water movements, thus feeling the dangers that approach them.(鱼也能感觉到水的运动，从而感觉到接近它们的危险。)”符合题意，故选G。] 3．E　[根据前文“Fish are cold­blooded.(鱼是冷血动物。)”可知，本句讲述的是鱼的体温。E选项“Their body temperature changes with their surroundings.(它们的体温随着周围环境的变化而变化。)”符合题意，故选E。] 4．B　[根据下文“Millions of people all over the world depend on fish as a main form of nutrition.(全世界有数百万人以鱼为主要营养来源。)”可知，本段是讲述鱼的重要性。B选项“The importance of fish(鱼的重要性)”符合题意，故选B。] 5．C　[根据下文“They eat other sea animals and are eaten by other sea creatures, thus keeping up the balance of nature.(它们吃其他海洋生物，也被其他海洋生物吃，因此保持了自然界的平衡。)”可知，鱼是食物链的一部分。C选项“Fish are a part of the food chain.(鱼是食物链的一部分。)”符合题意，故选C。] Ⅲ.语法填空 Being curious about birds has let many people take up bird­watching in Shanghai.Many take it as 1.　________　 opportunity to spend time outdoors and get close to nature. The most careful bird­watchers are usually equipped with binoculars(望远镜) and smart phones, and travel long distances and spend hours in shoals(浅滩) in Nanhui or Chongming 2.　________　 (observe) a new bird.Tens of 3.　________　 (studio) provide such public events 4.　________　 (regular)． More than 430 types of birds, about one­third of the total bird numbers in China, can 5.　________　 (see) in Shanghai.Most of birds in the city are migratory (迁徙的), 6.　________　 (pass) by the southeastern tip of the city. The eastern shoals of Nanhui and Chongming, 7.　________　 the Yangtze River meets the East China Sea, are very 8.　________　 (significance) for migratory birds, because they stop to find food in spring and autumn while traveling between North and East Asia and Australia or Southeast Asia.The growing interest 9.　________　 bird­watching in Shanghai 10.　________　 (play) an effective role in environmental protection now. [语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。文章介绍了上海兴起的观鸟热潮，激发了民众对于环保的关注。 1．an　[考查冠词。句意：许多人把它作为一个在户外接近自然的机会。根据句意可知及后面的opportunity，这里泛指“一次机会”，用不定冠词，且该词为元音音素开头。故填an。] 2．observing　[考查非谓语动词。句意：最细心的观鸟者通常会带着双筒望远镜和智能手机，长途跋涉，花几个小时在南汇或崇明的浅滩上观察一只新鸟。此处为固定用法spend...(in)doing花时间做某事，故填observing。] 3．studios　[考查名词。句意：数十家工作室定期提供此类公共活动。根据前面的Tens of“数十个”可知，设空处应填名词复数形式。故填studios。] 4．regularly　[考查副词。句意：数十家工作室定期提供此类公共活动。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰谓语动词provide，应使用副词形式。故填regularly。] 5．be seen　[考查动词的被动语态。句意：在上海可以看到430多种鸟类，约占中国鸟类总数的三分之一。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中充当谓语，其主语为birds，二者之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，结合提示词可知，应填be seen。故填be seen。] 6．passing　[考查非谓语动词。句意：城市里的大部分鸟类都是候鸟，路过城市的东南端。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中为非谓语，与逻辑主语birds为主动关系。故填passing。] 7．where　[考查定语从句。句意：长江与东海交汇的南汇和崇明东部浅滩是重要的候鸟栖息地。分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The eastern shoals，且先行词在从句中充当地点状语。故填where。] 8．significant　[考查词性转换。句意：长江与东海交汇的南汇和崇明东部浅滩是重要的候鸟栖息地。根据句意及提示词可知，上海的浅滩对于候鸟而言，是非常重要的，此处需要形容词作表语。故填significant。] 9．in　[考查介词。句意：在上海，人们对观鸟的兴趣日益浓厚，这对环境保护起到了有效的作用。名词interest表示“兴趣”时，常与介词in搭配。故填in。] 10．is playing　[考查动词时态。句意：在上海，人们对观鸟的兴趣日益浓厚，这对环境保护起到了有效的作用。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，结合时间状语now可知，此处应使用现在进行时，主语为the growing interest，单数形式，谓语也用单数形式。故填is playing。] 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $