Unit 7 单词表教师词汇备课 2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

译林版七年级下册 Unit 7 单词表 教师备课材料 1. cycling (n.) 词义: 骑自行车运动 近义词: biking 词性转换: cycling (n.) cycle (v./n.) cyclist (n. 骑行者) 常见搭配: go cycling (去骑自行车) 例句: Cycling is a great way to see the countryside. 翻译: 骑自行车是欣赏乡村风光的好方法。 练习题: 1. We need to repair our _ (cycle) before the trip. 2. He is a keen _ (cycle) and rides to work every day. 答案与解析: 1. cycles 或 bicycles。解析:此处指“自行车”,可数名词复数。 2. cyclist。解析:意为“自行车爱好者/骑行者”,表示人。 2. horse riding (n.) 词义: 骑马 近义词: horseback riding, equestrianism 词性转换: horse riding (n.) horse rider (n. 骑手) 常见搭配: go horse riding (去骑马) 例句: She enjoys horse riding at the weekend. 翻译: 她周末喜欢去骑马。 练习题: 1. The _ (horse ride) fell off during the jump. 2. _ (Horse ride) requires good balance. 答案与解析: 1. horse rider 或 rider。解析:意为“骑手”,表示人。 2. Horse riding。解析:作主语,指“骑马这项活动”。 3. skating (n.) 词义: 滑冰;滑旱冰 词性转换: skating (n.) skate (v./n.) skater (n. 滑冰者) 常见搭配: go skating (去滑冰); ice skating (滑冰) 例句: Let's go skating at the new rink. 翻译: 我们去新开的溜冰场滑冰吧。 练习题: 1. You need a good pair of _ (skate) for ice hockey. 2. She is a professional figure _ (skate). 答案与解析: 1. skates。解析:意为“冰鞋”,可数名词复数。 2. skater。解析:意为“花样滑冰运动员”,表示人。 4. break (v. & n.) 词义: v. 打破;打断; n. 休息;中断 近义词: v. crack, interrupt; n. rest, pause 反义词: v. mend, fix, continue; n. continuation 词性转换: break (v./n.) broken (adj. 破碎的) breakable (adj. 易碎的) 常见搭配: break the rules (违反规则); have a break (休息一下) 例句: Be careful not to break the glass. / Let's take a break for ten minutes. 翻译: 小心别打碎玻璃。/ 我们休息十分钟吧。 练习题: 1. The _ (break) window needs to be replaced. 2. This vase is very _ (break). 答案与解析: 1. broken。解析:修饰名词“window”,需用形容词,意为“破碎的”。 2. breakable。解析:作表语,需形容词,意为“易碎的”。 5. take a break (phrase) 词义: 休息一下 近义词: have a rest, pause 反义词: keep going, continue 常见搭配: take a short break (稍事休息) 例句: After studying for two hours, I decided to take a break. 翻译: 学习了两个小时后,我决定休息一下。 练习题: 1. We should _ (take a break) and have some water. 2. Taking regular _ (break) helps improve focus. 答案与解析: 1. take a break。 2. breaks。解析:意为“休息”,可数名词复数。 6. balance (n. & v.) 词义: n. 平衡;余额; v. 使平衡;权衡 近义词: n. stability; v. steady, weigh 反义词: n. imbalance; v. overbalance (失去平衡) 词性转换: balance (n./v.) balanced (adj. 平衡的) balancing (adj. 保持平衡的) 常见搭配: keep/lose one's balance (保持/失去平衡); work-life balance (工作与生活的平衡) 例句: It's hard to keep your balance on skates at first. / Try to balance work and play. 翻译: 刚开始穿冰鞋很难保持平衡。/ 试着平衡工作和娱乐。 练习题: 1. A _ (balance) diet is important for health. 2. She was _ (balance) on one foot. 答案与解析: 1. balanced。解析:修饰名词“diet”,需用形容词,意为“均衡的”。 2. balancing。解析:过去进行时“was + doing”,意为“正用一只脚保持平衡”。 7. might (modal v.) 词义: (may的过去式) 可能;可以(表示许可或委婉请求) 近义词: may, could 反义词: must not (禁止), certainly not (绝对不) 词性转换: 情态动词,无词性转换。 常见搭配: might do (可能做); I thought I might... (我想我或许...) 例句: It might rain later, so take an umbrella. / Might I ask you a question? 翻译: 稍后可能下雨,所以带把伞。/ 我可以问您一个问题吗? 8. on one’s own (phrase) 词义: 独自地,独立地 近义词: by oneself, alone, independently 反义词: with help, together 常见搭配: do sth. on one's own (独自做某事) 例句: She travelled around Europe on her own. 翻译: 她独自一人环游了欧洲。 练习题: 1. The child can dress _ (on his own) now. 2. Learning to think _ (on your own) is important. 答案与解析: 1. on his own。 2. on your own。 9. skiing (n.) 词义: 滑雪运动 词性转换: skiing (n.) ski (v./n.) skier (n. 滑雪者) 常见搭配: go skiing (去滑雪); downhill skiing (高山滑雪) 例句: They go skiing in the mountains every winter. 翻译: 他们每年冬天都去山里滑雪。 练习题: 1. We need to rent some _ (ski) and boots. 2. He is an excellent _ (ski). 答案与解析: 1. skis。解析:意为“滑雪板”,可数名词复数。 2. skier。解析:意为“滑雪者”,表示人。 10. would (modal v.) 词义: (will的过去式) 将,会;表示过去的习惯;委婉请求 近义词: used to (表示过去习惯) 词性转换: 情态动词,无词性转换。 常见搭配: would like (想要); would you mind...? (你介意…吗?) 例句: He said he would help us. / When I was young, I would go hiking with my grandfather. 翻译: 他说他会帮我们。/ 我小时候,常和祖父一起去徒步。 练习题: 1. _ (Would) you please pass me the salt? 2. On Sundays, they _ (would) have a big family dinner. 答案与解析: 1. Would。解析:表示委婉的请求。 2. would。解析:表示过去习惯性的动作。 11. experience (n. & v.) 词义: n. 经验;经历; v. 经历;体验 近义词: n. knowledge, adventure; v. undergo, go through 反义词: n. inexperience (缺乏经验) 词性转换: experience (n./v.) experienced (adj. 有经验的) experiential (adj. 经验的) 常见搭配: work experience (工作经验); a wonderful experience (一次美妙的经历) 例句: Traveling is a great learning experience. / Have you ever experienced this before? 翻译: 旅行是很好的学习经历。/ 你以前经历过这个吗? 练习题: 1. We need an _ (experience) guide for this difficult climb. 2. The trip was an unforgettable _ (experience). 答案与解析: 1. experienced。解析:修饰名词“guide”,需用形容词,意为“有经验的”。 2. experience。解析:作表语,需名词,意为“经历”。 12. set off (phr. v.) 词义: 出发,动身;引爆;引发 近义词: depart, start out, trigger 反义词: arrive, reach (到达) 词性转换: 动词短语。名词:set-off (n. 出发;装饰物)。 常见搭配: set off on a journey (启程旅行); set off fireworks (放烟花) 例句: We set off early in the morning to avoid the traffic. 翻译: 我们一大早就出发以避开交通拥堵。 练习题: 1. They _ (set off) for the airport at 5 a.m. 2. The loud noise _ (set off) the car alarm. 答案与解析: 1. set off。解析:描述过去动作,用一般过去时。 2. set off。解析:同上,意为“触发”。 13. follow (v.) 词义: 跟随;听从;遵循;理解 近义词: go after, obey, understand 反义词: lead, guide; disobey (带领;不服从) 词性转换: follow (v.) follower (n. 追随者) following (adj. 接下来的) 常见搭配: follow the rules (遵守规则); as follows (如下) 例句: Please follow me. / I couldn't follow his explanation. 翻译: 请跟我来。/ 我听不懂他的解释。 练习题: 1. He has many _ (follow) on social media. 2. The _ (follow) day, we visited the museum. 答案与解析: 1. followers。解析:意为“粉丝,追随者”,可数名词复数。 2. following。解析:修饰名词“day”,用形容词,意为“接下来的”。 14. detail (n. & v.) 词义: n. 细节;详情; v. 详述;选派 近义词: n. particular; v. describe, assign 反义词: n. summary, overview (概要) 词性转换: detail (n./v.) detailed (adj. 详细的) 常见搭配: in detail (详细地); pay attention to detail (注意细节) 例句: He explained the plan in great detail. / Can you detail the costs for me? 翻译: 他非常详细地解释了计划。/ 你能为我详细说明费用吗? 练习题: 1. Please give me a _ (detail) report of what happened. 2. The instructions were not _ (detail) enough. 答案与解析: 1. detailed。解析:修饰名词“report”,需用形容词。 2. detailed。解析:在系动词“were”后作表语,需形容词。 15. countryside (n.) 词义: 农村,乡下 近义词: rural area 反义词: city, urban area 词性转换: countryside (n.) country (n. 国家;乡村) 常见搭配: in the countryside (在乡下) 例句: I love the peace and quiet of the countryside. 翻译: 我喜欢乡村的宁静。 练习题: 1. They moved from the city to the _ (country) for a quieter life. 2. Many _ (country) in Europe are beautiful. 答案与解析: 1. country 或 countryside。解析:“the country”也可以表示“乡下”。 2. countries。解析:此处意为“国家”,可数名词复数。 16. lost (adj.) 词义: 迷路的;丢失的;不知所措的 近义词: missing, confused 反义词: found (被找到的); sure, confident (确定的,自信的) 词性转换: lost (adj.) lose (v.) loss (n. 损失) 常见搭配: get lost (迷路); lost and found (失物招领) 例句: We were lost in the forest for hours. / I feel lost in this new job. 翻译: 我们在森林里迷路了好几个小时。/ 我对这份新工作感到茫然。 练习题: 1. The _ (lose) of his job was a big blow. 2. Don't _ (lose) your way in the dark. 答案与解析: 1. loss。解析:作主语,需名词。 2. lose。解析:祈使句“Don't”后接动词原形。 17. none (pron.) 词义: 没有一个,毫无 近义词: not any, no one 反义词: all, everyone 常见搭配: none of (…中没有一个); none at all (一点也没有) 例句: None of the students knew the answer. / I wanted some sugar, but there was none left. 翻译: 没有一个学生知道答案。/ 我想要点糖,但一点也没剩。 练习题: 1. _ (None) the books on the shelf are mine. 2. How many tickets do you have? _. (None/No one) 答案与解析: 1. None of。解析:“None”不能直接修饰名词,需加“of”。 2. None。解析:回答“多少张票?”,用“None”表示“一张也没有”。“No one”回答“谁?”。 18. worried (adj.) 词义: 担心的,烦恼的 近义词: anxious, concerned 反义词: calm, relaxed, carefree 词性转换: worried (adj.) worry (v./n.) worrying (adj. 令人担忧的) 常见搭配: be worried about (担心…) 例句: I'm worried about my exams. / She had a worried look on her face. 翻译: 我担心我的考试。/ 她脸上带着担忧的神情。 练习题: 1. There's no need for _ (worry). 2. The current situation is very _ (worry). 答案与解析: 1. worry。解析:介词“for”后接名词。 2. worrying。解析:修饰物“situation”,用“1. worrying”形容词,意为“令人担忧的”。 19. luckily (adv.) 词义: 幸运地,幸亏 近义词: fortunately 反义词: unluckily, unfortunately 词性转换: luckily (adv.) lucky (adj.) luck (n. 运气) 常见搭配: Luckily for us, ... (对我们来说幸运的是…) 例句: Luckily, I had my phone with me when I got lost. 翻译: 幸运的是,我迷路时身上带着手机。 练习题: 1. You are very _ (luck) to have such good friends. 2. I wish you good _ (luck) in your new job. 答案与解析: 1. lucky。解析:在系动词“are”后作表语,需形容词。 2. luck。解析:固定搭配“wish sb. good luck”(祝某人好运)。 20. cycle (v. & n.) 词义: v. 骑自行车;循环; n. 循环;周期;自行车 近义词: v. bike; n. circle, period, bicycle 词性转换: cycle (v./n.) cyclical (adj. 循环的) 常见搭配: cycle to work (骑自行车上班); life cycle (生命周期) 例句: It's faster to cycle than to walk. / The seasons follow a yearly cycle. 翻译: 骑自行车比走路快。/ 季节遵循一年的周期。 练习题: 1. The economy goes through _ (cycle) changes. 2. We need to break this negative _ (cycle). 答案与解析: 1. cyclical。解析:修饰名词“changes”,需用形容词。 2. cycle。解析:作宾语,需名词,意为“循环”。 21. arrive (v.) 词义: 到达,抵达 近义词: reach, get to 反义词: depart, leave 词性转换: arrive (v.) arrival (n. 到达) arriving (adj. 即将到达的) 常见搭配: arrive at/in (到达某地); arrive on time (准时到达) 例句: What time does your train arrive? 翻译: 你的火车什么时候到? 练习题: 1. Please inform us of your _ (arrive) time. 2. His sudden _ (arrive) surprised everyone. 答案与解析: 1. arrival。解析:修饰名词“time”,用名词作定语,意为“抵达时间”。 2. arrival。解析:作主语,需名词。 22. app (application) (n.) 词义: 应用程序,应用软件 近义词: program, software 词性转换: app (n.) application (n. 应用;申请) 常见搭配: a mobile app (手机应用); download an app (下载一个应用) 例句: There's a useful app for finding your way when you're hiking. 翻译: 有一个很有用的应用,可以在你徒步时帮你找路。 练习题: 1. I filled in an online _ (application) for the job. 2. This new _ (app) helps you learn languages. 答案与解析: 1. application。解析:意为“申请表,申请”,此处用名词。 2. app。解析:可数名词。 23. find out (phr. v.) 词义: 查明,发现(信息) 近义词: discover, learn, ascertain 反义词: hide, conceal (隐藏) 词性转换: 动词短语。名词:findings (n. 调查结果)。 常见搭配: find out the truth (查明真相) 例句: I need to find out when the next bus leaves. 翻译: 我需要查明下一班公交车什么时候开。 练习题: 1. Did you _ (find out) who won the game? 2. The research _ (find) were published yesterday. 答案与解析: 1. find out。 2. findings。解析:作主语,需名词,意为“研究发现”。 24. enjoyable (adj.) 词义: 令人愉快的,有乐趣的 近义词: pleasant, fun, pleasurable 反义词: unpleasant, boring, miserable 词性转换: enjoyable (adj.) enjoy (v.) enjoyment (n. 乐趣) 常见搭配: an enjoyable experience (一次愉快的经历) 例句: We had a very enjoyable picnic by the lake. 翻译: 我们在湖边进行了一次非常愉快的野餐。 练习题: 1. I get great _ (enjoy) from reading. 2. The party was _ (enjoy) by everyone. 答案与解析: 1. enjoyment。解析:作宾语,需名词。 2. enjoyed。解析:被动语态“was + 过去分词”,意为“被大家喜爱”。 25. proud (adj.) 词义: 自豪的,骄傲的 近义词: pleased, honored 反义词: ashamed, humble (羞愧的,谦卑的) 词性转换: proud (adj.) pride (n. 自豪) proudly (adv.) 常见搭配: be proud of (为…感到自豪) 例句: I'm very proud of my daughter's achievements. 翻译: 我为我女儿的成就感到非常自豪。 练习题: 1. She looked at her son with great _ (proud). 2. He _ (proud) showed me his medal. 答案与解析: 1. pride。解析:介词“with”后接名词。 2. proudly。解析:修饰动词“showed”,需用副词。 26. be proud of (phrase) 词义: 为…感到自豪 近义词: take pride in 反义词: be ashamed of (为…感到羞愧) 例句: You should be proud of yourself for finishing the hike on your own. 翻译: 你应该为自己独自完成徒步而感到自豪。 27. hiking (n.) 词义: 徒步旅行,远足 近义词: trekking, walking 词性转换: hiking (n.) hike (v./n.) hiker (n. 徒步者) 常见搭配: go hiking (去徒步) 例句: Hiking in the mountains is a popular activity. 翻译: 在山中徒步是一项受欢迎的活动。 练习题: 1. We went on a long _ (hike) last Sunday. 2. The _ (hike) stopped to take a break. 答案与解析: 1. hike。解析:作宾语,意为“一次徒步旅行”,可数名词。 2. hikers。解析:意为“徒步者”,表示人,复数。 28. noon (n.) 词义: 中午,正午 近义词: midday 反义词: midnight 词性转换: noon (n.) afternoon (n. 下午) 常见搭配: at noon (在中午) 例句: We plan to have lunch at noon. 翻译: 我们计划在中午吃午饭。 练习题: 1. The meeting is scheduled for 12:00 _ (noon). 2. We'll meet again in the _ (afternoon). 答案与解析: 1. noon。 2. afternoon。 29. later (adv. & adj.) 词义: adv. 后来;稍后; adj. 后来的;晚年的 近义词: adv. afterwards; adj. subsequent 反义词: adv. earlier, before 词性转换: later (adv./adj.) late (adj./adv.) latest (adj. 最新的) 常见搭配: see you later (回头见); later on (稍后) 例句: I'll do my homework later. / In later life, he became a painter. 翻译: 我稍后再做作业。/ 在晚年,他成为了一名画家。 练习题: 1. He arrived _ (late) than expected. 2. Have you heard the _ (late) news? 答案与解析: 1. later。解析:与“than”连用,需用比较级。 2. latest。解析:修饰名词“news”,需用形容词最高级,意为“最新的”。 30. at first (phrase) 词义: 起初,开始时 近义词: initially, in the beginning 反义词: in the end, finally 常见搭配: 常与 but 连用,表示转折。 例句: At first, I didn't like the new school, but now I love it. 翻译: 起初,我不喜欢新学校,但现在我爱上它了。 练习题: 1. _ (At first), the task seemed impossible. 2. He was shy _ (at first), but soon became friendly. 答案与解析: 1. At first。 2. at first。 31. skate (v. & n.) 词义: v. 滑冰;滑旱冰; n. 冰鞋;溜冰鞋 近义词: v. glide; n. ice skate, roller skate 词性转换: skate (v./n.) skater (n.) skating (n.) 常见搭配: skate on ice (在冰上滑行); a pair of skates (一双冰鞋) 例句: Can you skate? / I need to buy new skates. 翻译: 你会滑冰吗?/ 我需要买新冰鞋。 练习题: 1. The pond is frozen, so we can go _ (skate). 2. She is a graceful ice _ (skate). 答案与解析: 1. skating。解析:固定搭配“go skating”。 2. skater。解析:意为“滑冰者”,表示人。 32. little by little (phrase) 词义: 一点一点地,逐渐地 近义词: gradually, bit by bit 反义词: suddenly, all at once 词性转换: 固定副词短语。 常见搭配: improve little by little (逐渐改善) 例句: Little by little, I learned how to balance on the skates. 翻译: 我逐渐学会了如何在冰鞋上保持平衡。 练习题: 1. The sun melted the snow _ (little by little). 2. _ (Little by little), he saved enough money for a new bike. 答案与解析: 1. little by little。 2. Little by little。 33. picnic (n. & v.) 词义: n. 野餐; v. 去野餐 词性转换: picnic (n./v.) picnicker (n. 野餐者) 常见搭配: have/go on a picnic (去野餐) 例句: We had a lovely picnic in the park. / Let's picnic by the river. 翻译: 我们在公园里进行了一次愉快的野餐。/ 我们去河边野餐吧。 练习题: 1. The weather is perfect for _ (picnic). 2. Many _ (picnic) were enjoying the sunshine. 答案与解析: 1. a picnic 或 picnicking。解析:“for”后接名词或动名词。 2. picnickers。解析:意为“野餐的人们”,表示人。 34. because of (phrase) 词义: 因为,由于(后接名词、代词或动名词) 近义词: due to, owing to 反义词: in spite of, despite (尽管) 常见搭配: because of the rain (因为下雨) 例句: The game was cancelled because of bad weather. 翻译: 比赛因恶劣天气取消了。 练习题: 1. He was late _ (because of) the heavy traffic. 2. _ (Because of) his help, we finished on time. 答案与解析: 1. because of。 2. Because of。 35. campsite (n.) 词义: 露营地 近义词: campground 词性转换: campsite (n.),合成词(camp + site)。 常见搭配: book a campsite (预订一个露营地) 例句: We found a beautiful campsite next to the lake. 翻译: 我们在湖边找到了一个漂亮的露营地。 练习题: 1. The _ (campsite) was full of tents. 2. They pitched their tent at the _ (campsite). 答案与解析: 1. campsite。 2. campsite。 36. childhood (n.) 词义: 童年,幼年 近义词: youth, early years 反义词: adulthood (成年) 词性转换: childhood (n.) child (n.) childlike (adj. 孩子般天真的) 常见搭配: in one's childhood (在某人的童年时期); childhood memories (童年回忆) 例句: I spent my childhood in the countryside. 翻译: 我在乡下度过了我的童年。 练习题: 1. She has a very _ (child) sense of wonder. 2. The story reminded me of my _ (child). 答案与解析: 1. childlike。解析:修饰名词“sense”,需用形容词,意为“孩童般的”。 2. childhood。解析:作宾语,需名词。 37. relaxed (adj.) 词义: 放松的,轻松的;随和的 近义词: calm, easy-going, laid-back 反义词: tense, stressed, nervous 词性转换: relaxed (adj.) relax (v.) relaxing (adj. 令人放松的) relaxation (n. 放松) 常见搭配: feel relaxed (感到放松); a relaxed atmosphere (轻松的氛围) 例句: I feel very relaxed after the holiday. 翻译: 假期过后我感到非常放松。 练习题: 1. A hot bath is very _ (relax). 2. He finds _ (relax) in reading. 答案与解析: 1. relaxing。解析:修饰物“bath”,用“1. relaxing”形容词,意为“令人放松的”。 2. relaxation。解析:作宾语,需名词。 38. while (conj. & n.) 词义: conj. 当…的时候;然而; n. 一会儿,一段时间 近义词: conj. when, whereas; n. moment, period 词性转换: 连词/名词,无词性转换。 常见搭配: for a while (一会儿); while I was sleeping (当我睡觉时) 例句: I read a book while waiting for the bus. / Can you wait for a while? 翻译: 我等公交车时看了一本书。/ 你能等一会儿吗? 练习题: 1. He likes coffee, _ (while) his wife prefers tea. 2. Let's sit down and rest _ (while). 答案与解析: 1. while。解析:表示对比,“然而”。 2. a while。解析:固定搭配“for a while”或“rest a while”。 39. ever (adv.) 词义: 曾经;在任何时候;究竟 近义词: at any time 反义词: never (从未) 常见搭配: Have you ever...? (你曾经…吗?); ever since (自…以来) 例句: Have you ever been camping? 翻译: 你曾经露营过吗? 练习题: 1. This is the best book I have _ (ever) read. 2. _ (Ever) since he left, she has been sad. 答案与解析: 1. ever。解析:用于最高级后加强语气。 2. Ever。解析:固定搭配“ever since”。 40. focus (v. & n.) 词义: v. 集中(注意力);聚焦; n. 焦点;中心 近义词: v. concentrate; n. center, attention 反义词: v. distract (分散注意力) 词性转换: focus (v./n.) focused (adj. 专注的) focusable (adj. 可聚焦的) 常见搭配: focus on (专注于…); the focus of attention (关注的焦点) 例句: You need to focus on your studies. / The focus of the lesson is grammar. 翻译: 你需要专注于学习。/ 这节课的重点是语法。 练习题: 1. She is very _ (focus) when she works. 2. The camera has an auto-_ (focus) function. 答案与解析: 1. focused。解析:作表语,需形容词,意为“专注的”。 2. focus。解析:此处作名词,构成复合名词“自动对焦”。 41. mind (n. & v.) 词义: n. 头脑;想法; v. 介意;注意 近义词: n. brain, thoughts; v. object to, care 反义词: v. don't mind (不介意) 词性转换: mind (n./v.) mindful (adj. 留心的) mindless (adj. 无需动脑的) 常见搭配: make up one's mind (下决心); never mind (没关系) 例句: Do you mind if I open the window? / A good book can broaden your mind. 翻译: 你介意我开窗吗?/ 一本好书可以开阔你的思维。 练习题: 1. Please be _ (mind) of the step. 2. This is a _ (mind) task that doesn't require thinking. 答案与解析: 1. mindful。解析:固定搭配“be mindful of”(注意,留心)。 2. mindless。解析:修饰名词“task”,需用形容词,意为“无需动脑的”。 42. roll (v. & n.) 词义: v. 滚动;卷; n. 卷;名单;小面包 近义词: v. turn, revolve; n. list, bun 反义词: v. unroll (展开) 词性转换: roll (v./n.) roller (n. 滚筒) rolling (adj. 起伏的) 常见搭配: roll over (翻身); a roll of film (一卷胶卷) 例句: The ball rolled down the hill. / Can you pass me the bread rolls? 翻译: 球滚下了山。/ 能把小面包递给我吗? 练习题: 1. The _ (roll) hills were covered in green grass. 2. He put his clothes in a _ (roll) and tied it up. 答案与解析: 1. rolling。解析:修饰名词“hills”,需用形容词,意为“起伏的”。 2. roll 或 bundle。解析:意为“一卷,一捆”,名词。 43. sleeping bag (n.) 词义: 睡袋 常见搭配: get into a sleeping bag (钻进睡袋) 例句: Don't forget to pack your sleeping bag for the camping trip. 翻译: 别忘了为露营旅行打包你的睡袋。 练习题: 1. We need to buy a new _ (sleeping bag) for the winter camp. 2. The _ (sleeping bag) kept me warm all night. 答案与解析: 1. sleeping bag。 2. sleeping bag。 44. fall (v. & n.) 词义: v. 落下;跌倒;变成; n. 秋天;瀑布;落下 近义词: v. drop, tumble; n. autumn, drop 反义词: v. rise, stand up (上升,站起来) 词性转换: fall (v./n.) falling (adj. 下降的) fallen (adj. 落下的) 常见搭配: fall asleep (入睡); fall in love (爱上) 例句: Leaves fall from the trees in autumn. / Be careful not to fall. 翻译: 秋天树叶从树上落下。/ 小心别摔倒。 练习题: 1. The _ (fall) leaves covered the ground. 2. Niagara _ (Fall) is famous around the world. 答案与解析: 1. fallen。解析:修饰名词“leaves”,用形容词,意为“落下的”。 2. Falls。解析:专有名词,瀑布常用复数“Falls”。 45. asleep (adj.) 词义: 睡着的(仅作表语) 近义词: sleeping 反义词: awake 词性转换: asleep (adj.) sleep (v./n.) 常见搭配: fall asleep (入睡); fast/sound asleep (熟睡) 例句: The baby is asleep. / I was so tired that I fell asleep quickly. 翻译: 宝宝睡着了。/ 我太累了,很快就睡着了。 练习题: 1. I need to get some _ (sleep) tonight. 2. The _ (sleep) cat didn't move. 答案与解析: 1. sleep。解析:意为“睡眠”,名词。 2. sleeping。解析:修饰名词“cat”,用形容词,意为“正在睡觉的”。 46. chance (n.) 词义: 机会;可能性;运气 近义词: opportunity, possibility, luck 反义词: certainty (确定) 词性转换: chance (n.) chancy (adj. 冒险的,不确定的) 常见搭配: have a chance to do (有机会做…); by chance (偶然地) 例句: This is a good chance to practice your English. 翻译: 这是一个练习英语的好机会。 练习题: 1. We met _ (chance) at the supermarket. 2. It's _ (chance) whether it will rain or not. 答案与解析: 1. by chance。解析:固定短语,作状语。 2. chancy 或 uncertain。解析:作表语,需形容词,意为“不确定的”。 47. first-time (adj.) 词义: 第一次的,初次的 近义词: novice, beginner 反义词: experienced, veteran (有经验的) 词性转换: first-time (adj.),合成形容词。 常见搭配: a first-time visitor (初次到访者) 例句: This tour is perfect for first-time visitors to the city. 翻译: 这次旅行非常适合初次到访这座城市的游客。 练习题: 1. He is a _ (first-time) father and is very excited. 2. For the _ (first) time in my life, I went skiing. 答案与解析: 1. first-time。解析:修饰名词“father”,用合成形容词。 2. first。解析:固定搭配“for the first time”。 48. camper (n.) 词义: 露营者;野营车 词性转换: camper (n.) camp (v.) + -er 常见搭配: a group of campers (一群露营者) 例句: The campers gathered around the campfire. 翻译: 露营者们围聚在营火旁。 练习题: 1. They traveled across the country in their _ (camper). 2. All _ (camp) must follow the campsite rules. 答案与解析: 1. camper。解析:此处指“野营车”,可数名词。 2. campers。解析:意为“露营者”,可数名词复数。 49. medicine (n.) 词义: 药;医学 近义词: drug, medication 反义词: poison (毒药) 词性转换: medicine (n.) medical (adj. 医学的) medicate (v. 用药治疗) 常见搭配: take medicine (服药); traditional Chinese medicine (中医) 例句: Remember to take your medicine after meals. 翻译: 记得饭后服药。 练习题: 1. He needs _ (medicine) attention immediately. 2. She is studying _ (medicine) at university. 答案与解析: 1. medical。解析:修饰名词“attention”,需用形容词。 2. medicine。解析:意为“医学”,学科名词。 50. safety (n.) 词义: 安全,平安 近义词: security 反义词: danger, risk 词性转换: safety (n.) safe (adj.) safely (adv.) 常见搭配: safety first (安全第一); for safety reasons (出于安全考虑) 例句: Your safety is the most important thing. 翻译: 你的安全是最重要的。 练习题: 1. Please drive _ (safe) on icy roads. 2. Is it _ (safe) to swim here? 答案与解析: 1. safely。解析:修饰动词“drive”,需用副词。 2. safe。解析:在“Is it + adj. + to do”结构中作表语,需形容词。 51. birdwatching (n.) 词义: 观鸟 词性转换: birdwatching (n.) birdwatcher (n. 观鸟者) 常见搭配: go birdwatching (去观鸟) 例句: Birdwatching is a relaxing hobby. 翻译: 观鸟是一项令人放松的爱好。 练习题: 1. My grandfather is an enthusiastic _ (birdwatch). 2. We need _ (binoculars) for birdwatching. 答案与解析: 1. birdwatcher。解析:意为“观鸟者”,表示人。 2. binoculars。解析:意为“双筒望远镜”,常用复数。 52. binoculars (n.) 词义: 双筒望远镜(常用复数) 近义词: field glasses 常见搭配: a pair of binoculars (一副望远镜) 例句: He used his binoculars to see the birds more clearly. 翻译: 他用双筒望远镜更清楚地观察那些鸟。 练习题: 1. Can I borrow your _ (binocular) for a moment? 2. She looked through her _ (binocular) at the distant ship. 答案与解析: 1. binoculars。解析:常用复数形式,谓语动词用复数。 2. binoculars。 53. clearly (adv.) 词义: 清楚地;显然 近义词: obviously, distinctly 反义词: unclearly, vaguely (模糊地) 词性转换: clearly (adv.) clear (adj.) clarity (n. 清晰) 常见搭配: see/hear clearly (看/听清楚) 例句: Speak clearly so that everyone can hear you. 翻译: 说清楚点,让每个人都能听到。 练习题: 1. The instructions were not very _ (clear). 2. The _ (clear) of his explanation impressed us all. 答案与解析: 1. clear。解析:作表语,需形容词。 2. clarity。解析:作主语,需名词。 54. had better (phrase) 词义: 最好(做某事),应该(表示建议或警告) 近义词: should, ought to 反义词: had better not (最好不要) 词性转换: 情态动词短语。 常见搭配: had better do (最好做); had better not do (最好别做) 例句: You had better take a map with you when hiking. 翻译: 你徒步时最好带张地图。 55. thirsty (adj.) 词义: 口渴的;渴望的 近义词: dehydrated; eager 反义词: hydrated (水分充足的) 词性转换: thirsty (adj.) thirst (n. 口渴;渴望) thirstily (adv.) 常见搭配: be/feel thirsty (感到口渴); thirsty for knowledge (渴望知识) 例句: I'm very thirsty after the long walk. 翻译: 走了很长一段路后,我非常口渴。 练习题: 1. His _ (thirst) for adventure led him to travel the world. 2. The dog drank _ (thirst) from the bowl. 答案与解析: 1. thirst。解析:作主语,需名词,意为“渴望”。 2. thirstily。解析:修饰动词“drank”,需用副词。 56. no problem (phrase) 词义: 没问题;不客气 近义词: sure, you're welcome 反义词: that's a problem (那是个问题) 词性转换: 固定短语。 常见搭配: 用于回答请求或感谢。 例句: “Can you help me?” “No problem.” 翻译: “你能帮我吗?”“没问题。” 练习题: 1. “Thanks for your help.” “_ (No problem).” 2. There is _ (no problem) with your plan. 答案与解析: 1. No problem。 2. no problem。 57. camera (n.) 词义: 照相机;摄像机 词性转换: camera (n.) cameraman/camerawoman (n. 摄影师) 常见搭配: take a photo with a camera (用相机拍照) 例句: Don't forget to bring your camera to capture the beautiful sunrise. 翻译: 别忘了带相机去拍下美丽的日出。 练习题: 1. The _ (camera) is filming the scene. 2. This is a digital _ (camera). 答案与解析: 1. cameraman/camerawoman。解析:意为“摄影师”,表示人。 2. camera。 58. narrow (adj. & v.) 词义: adj. 狭窄的;有限的; v. 使变窄;缩小 近义词: adj. thin, limited; v. reduce, tighten 反义词: adj. wide, broad; v. widen, expand 词性转换: narrow (adj./v.) narrowly (adv. 勉强地;仔细地) narrowness (n. 狭窄) 常见搭配: a narrow path (一条狭窄的小路); narrow down (缩小范围) 例句: The path became very narrow. / We need to narrow our choices. 翻译: 小路变得非常狭窄。/ 我们需要缩小选择范围。 练习题: 1. He _ (narrow) escaped the accident. 2. The _ (narrow) of the street caused traffic jams. 答案与解析: 1. narrowly。解析:修饰动词“escaped”,需用副词,意为“勉强地”。 2. narrowness。解析:作主语,需名词。 59. support (v. & n.) 词义: v./n. 支持;支撑;资助 近义词: v./n. help, assist, back 反义词: v./n. oppose, hinder (反对,阻碍) 词性转换: support (v./n.) supporter (n. 支持者) supportive (adj. 支持的) 常见搭配: support a family (养家); in support of (支持) 例句: My family supports my decision to go camping. / Thank you for your support. 翻译: 我的家人支持我去露营的决定。/ 谢谢你的支持。 练习题: 1. She has been very _ (support) during my difficult times. 2. The bridge needs strong _ (support) to hold the weight. 答案与解析: 1. supportive。解析:作表语,需形容词。 2. supports。解析:意为“支撑物”,可数名词复数。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $