内容正文:
沪教牛津英语七下Unit6 Electricity everywhere
重要知识点讲解
一、核心单词
1. battery [ˈbætri] n. 电池
用法:可数名词,复数为“batteries”;常用搭配“a battery(一节电池)”“run out of battery(电池没电)”。
例句:
The remote control needs two new batteries—this one is dead.(遥控器需要两节新电池,这个没电了)
My phone’s battery died when I was on the way home.(我回家路上手机电池没电了)
2. electricity [ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti] n. 电;电能
用法:不可数名词,无复数形式;常用搭配“save electricity(节约用电)”“produce electricity(发电)”。
例句:
We use electricity to power lights, TVs and other appliances.(我们用电给灯、电视和其他电器供电)
Wind and water can be used to produce electricity.(风能和水能可以用来发电)
3. while [waɪl] n. 一段时间;一会儿;conj. 当……时;而
用法:
作名词:表“短暂时间”,搭配“for a while(一会儿)”;
作连词:
表“同时发生”:引导时间状语从句,主从句常用过去进行时;
表“对比”:连接两个相反的情况,意为“而;却”。
例句:
Let’s rest for a while before continuing the task.(继续任务前我们先休息一会儿)
I was doing my homework while my mom was cooking.(我做作业的时候,妈妈在做饭)
Some people like using electricity for everything, while others prefer saving it.(有些人做什么都用电,而另一些人更愿意节约用电)
4. against [əˈɡenst] prep. 紧靠;碰;撞;反对
用法:多义介词,常见含义:
表“位置”:紧靠、倚着(如“lean against the wall(倚着墙)”);
表“动作”:碰、撞(如“rain beat against the window(雨点打在窗户上)”);
表“态度”:反对(如“be against the plan(反对这个计划)”)。
例句:
He stood against the door and watched the rain outside.(他靠着门,看着外面的雨)
The car crashed against a tree and got damaged.(汽车撞到树上,受损了)
Most people are against wasting electricity.(大多数人反对浪费电)
5. safety [ˈseɪfti] n. 安全;平安
用法:不可数名词;形容词形式为“safe(安全的)”,副词为“safely(安全地)”;常用搭配“safety rules(安全规则)”“food safety(食品安全)”。
例句:
We must follow the safety rules when using electrical appliances.(使用电器时我们必须遵守安全规则)
The teacher told us to get to school safely.(老师告诉我们要安全到校)
6. connect [kəˈnekt] v.(使)连接
用法:及物/不及物动词,核心搭配:
connect A to/with B:把A连接到B上;
connect A and B:连接A和B。
例句:
Please connect the speaker to the computer.(请把音箱连接到电脑上)
This cable connects the TV and the power socket.(这条线连接着电视和电源插座)
7. amount [əˈmaʊnt] n. 数量;数额
用法:常与“of”搭配,修饰不可数名词;常用短语“a large amount of(大量的)”“the amount of(……的数量)”。
注意:“a large amount of + 不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
例句:
A large amount of electricity is wasted every day.(每天都有大量的电被浪费)
What’s the amount of electricity we used this month?(我们这个月用了多少电?)
8. power [ˈpaʊə(r)] v. 驱动;推动;n. 电力;力量
用法:
作动词:表“驱动机器/车辆”(如“power the car(驱动汽车)”);
作名词:表“电力”“力量”(如“solar power(太阳能)”)。
例句:
This machine is powered by electricity.(这台机器是用电驱动的)
We need to save power to protect the environment.(我们需要节约电力来保护环境)
二、重点短语
1. have something in common 有相同的特征(或特点等)
用法:表“人/事物之间有共同之处”,“something”可替换为“nothing(无共同之处)”“much(很多共同之处)”。
例句:
All electrical appliances have something in common—they need electricity to work.(所有电器都有一个共同点:它们需要电才能工作)
My friend and I have much in common—we both like saving electricity.(我和朋友有很多共同点:我们都喜欢节约用电)
2. run out of 用完;耗尽
用法:表“用完某物”,主语是人;若主语是物,用“run out(如“the battery ran out(电池没电了)”)”。
例句:
We ran out of electricity last night because of the storm.(昨晚因为暴风雨,我们断电了)
Don’t use the phone too much—we’ll run out of battery soon.(别总玩手机,电池很快就没电了)
3. go bad 变质
用法:表“食物因没电(如冰箱断电)而变质”,主语为食物。
例句:
The yogurt in the fridge went bad because the electricity was off.(冰箱里的酸奶因为断电变质了)
If the fridge stops working, the food will go bad quickly.(如果冰箱停了,食物会很快变质)
4. care about 关注;担忧
用法:表“关心、在意某事/某人”,后接名词、代词或动名词。
例句:
We should care about how much electricity we use every day.(我们应该关注每天用多少电)
Do you care about the problem of wasting electricity?(你在意浪费电的问题吗?)
5. join in 参加;加入
用法:表“参加活动”,区别于“join(加入组织、团体)”。
例句:
Let’s join in the activity of saving electricity.(我们一起参加节约用电的活动吧)
He joined in the discussion about electrical safety.(他加入了关于用电安全的讨论)
三、关键句式
1. it作形式主语(“It is/was + 形容词 + (for/of sb) + to do sth”)
用法:“it”是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式;
用“for sb”:形容词描述“做某事的性质”(如easy、hard、important);
用“of sb”:形容词描述“人的品质”(如kind、nice、foolish)。
例句:
It is important for us to save electricity.(节约用电对我们来说很重要)
It is kind of you to remind me to turn off the light.(你提醒我关灯,真是太好了)
四、语法:情态动词
情态动词表说话人的“语气、态度”,不能单独作谓语,需与动词原形连用;常见情态动词及用法:
1. can/could
含义及用法:
表“能力”:can(现在)/could(过去);
表“推测”:can(可能,用于否定/疑问句)/can’t(不可能);
表“请求”:could(比can更委婉)。
例句:
I can use a computer to save electricity.(我会用电脑来节约用电)
He can’t be at home—his lights are off.(他不可能在家,灯是关着的)
Could you help me turn off the air conditioner?(你能帮我关掉空调吗?)
2. must
含义及用法:
表“命令”:must(必须)/mustn’t(禁止、千万别);
表“推测”:must(一定,用于肯定句,有依据)。
例句:
We must turn off the lights when leaving the room.(离开房间时我们必须关灯)
You mustn’t touch the electrical appliance with wet hands.(你千万别用湿手碰电器)
The light is on—he must be at home.(灯亮着,他一定在家)
3. may/might
含义及用法:
表“推测”:may(可能)/might(可能,语气更弱);
表“请求”:may/might(比can更正式,否定回答用“can’t/mustn’t”)。
例句:
It may rain—we should turn off the outdoor lights.(可能要下雨了,我们应该关掉户外的灯)
May I use your phone to check the electricity bill?(我可以用你的手机查电费吗?)
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