内容正文:
沪教牛津英语七下Unit5 Water is life
重要知识点讲解
一、核心单词
1. everyday [ˈevrideɪ] adj. 每天的;日常的
用法:仅作定语,修饰名词,表“日常的、普通的”;区别于“every day(每天,作状语)”。
例句:
Brushing teeth is an everyday habit for everyone.(刷牙是每个人的日常习惯)
We need to save water in our everyday life.(我们要在日常生活中节约用水)
2. journey [ˈdʒɜːni] n.(尤指长途)旅行
用法:可数名词,侧重“长途/有目的的行程”;易混淆词区别:
journey:长途/经常性旅行;
tour:观光游览;
trip:短途往返出行;
travel:长途旅行(可作动词)。
例句:
The journey from Beijing to Lhasa takes about 40 hours by train.(从北京到拉萨的火车行程约40小时)
We had a wonderful journey along the Yangtze River.(我们沿长江的旅行很愉快)
3. drop [drɒp] n. 滴;水珠;v. 落下;掉下
用法:
作名词:可数,表“水滴”,搭配“a drop of(一滴)”;
作动词:不及物(表“落下”)/及物(表“使掉下”)。
例句:
A drop of water fell on my hand from the leaf.(一滴水珠从树叶落到我手上)
Don’t drop the glass—it’s easy to break.(别把杯子掉了,它很容易碎)
4. tap [tæp] n. 水龙头
用法:可数名词,复数为“taps”;常用搭配“turn on/off the tap(开/关水龙头)”。
例句:
Remember to turn off the tap after washing your hands.(洗手后记得关水龙头)
There’s something wrong with the tap—it keeps dripping.(水龙头坏了,一直在滴水)
5. return [rɪˈtɜːn] v. 回去;返回;归还
用法:
表“返回”:相当于“go/come back”;
表“归还”:相当于“give back”,搭配“return sth to sb(把某物还给某人)”。
例句:
The river returns to the sea after flowing through many cities.(这条河流经多个城市后汇入大海)
You must return the library book by next Friday.(你必须在下周五前归还图书馆的书)
6. fix [fɪks] v. 修理
用法:及物动词,表“修理机械、物品”;易混淆词区别:
fix:修理机械(如电器);
mend:缝补衣物;
repair:专业工具维修(如自行车)。
例句:
My dad helped me fix my broken bike yesterday.(爸爸昨天帮我修好了坏了的自行车)
We need to fix the dripping tap to save water.(我们得修好滴水的水龙头来节水)
7. population [ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn] n. 人口
用法:不可数名词,常见搭配:
“the population of + 地点”:某地的人口;
“have a population of...”:有……人口;
表“人口多少”用“large/small”,不用“many/much”。
例句:
What’s the population of your hometown?(你家乡的人口是多少?)
China has a large population of over 1.4 billion.(中国有超过14亿的庞大人口)
8. role [rəʊl] n. 角色;作用
用法:可数名词,核心搭配“play a role in...(在……中发挥作用)”。
例句:
Water plays an important role in our daily life.(水在我们的日常生活中发挥着重要作用)
She played the role of a teacher in the school play.(她在校园剧中扮演老师的角色)
9. as a result [æz ə rɪˈzʌlt] 短语:作为结果;因此
用法:作状语,表因果关系(后接结果),可与“so”互换。
例句:
We saved a lot of water by fixing taps. As a result, our water bill went down.(我们通过修水龙头节约了很多水,因此水费降低了)
He forgot to study for the test. As a result, he got a bad grade.(他忘了复习考试,因此成绩很差)
10. nearly [ˈnɪəli] adv. 几乎;差不多
用法:作状语,表“接近某数量/状态”,区别于“almost(可接否定词,nearly一般不接)”。
例句:
Nearly 70% of the Earth is covered with water.(地球近70%的面积被水覆盖)
We’ve nearly finished the task of saving water.(我们差不多完成了节水任务)
二、重点短语
1. a bit 有点儿;稍微
用法:修饰形容词/副词;“a bit of”修饰不可数名词,表“一些”。
例句:
The water is a bit cold—don’t drink it directly.(水有点凉,别直接喝)
Can you give me a bit of water? I’m thirsty.(能给我一点水吗?我渴了)
2. at once 立即;马上
用法:作状语,表“立刻行动”,相当于“right away”。
例句:
Turn off the tap at once—it’s wasting water.(马上关掉水龙头,太浪费水了)
We need to repair the broken pipe at once.(我们得立刻修理破了的水管)
3. drinking water 饮用水
用法:固定短语,表“可饮用的水”。
例句:
We should keep drinking water clean and safe.(我们要保持饮用水清洁安全)
There isn’t enough drinking water in some dry areas.(一些干旱地区没有足够的饮用水)
4. play a role in... 在……起作用
用法:表“在某件事/某个领域中发挥作用”。
例句:
Trees play a role in keeping water and preventing floods.(树木在蓄水和防洪中发挥作用)
Everyone can play a role in saving water.(每个人都能在节水中发挥作用)
5. make sure 确保;设法保证
用法:常用搭配:
make sure to do sth:务必做某事;
make sure (that) 从句:确保……(从句用一般现在时表将来)。
例句:
Make sure to close the window before you leave.(离开前务必关好窗户)
Make sure that the tap is turned off after use.(确保用完水龙头后关掉)
三、关键句式
1. if引导的条件状语从句
用法:表“如果……就……”,遵循“主将从现”原则:主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。
例句:
If we save water every day, we can protect the environment.(如果我们每天节水,就能保护环境)
If it rains tomorrow, we won’t have the outdoor activity about water protection.(如果明天下雨,我们就不举办节水户外活动了)
四、语法:谈论数量(few/a few/little/a little等)
用于描述可数/不可数名词的数量,核心区别:
类别
修饰名词类型
含义
(肯定/否定)
例句
a few
可数名词复数
肯定(一些)
I have a few books about water.(我有几本关于水的书)
few
可数名词复数
否定(几乎没有)
Few people know the importance of saving water.(几乎没人知道节水的重要性)
a little
不可数名词
肯定(一些)
There is a little water left in the bottle.(瓶子里还剩一点水)
little
不可数名词
否定(几乎没有)
We have little time to finish the task.(我们几乎没时间完成任务)
some
可数/不可数
肯定(一些)
Can you give me some water?(能给我一些水吗?)
plenty of
可数/不可数
肯定(大量)
There is plenty of water in the river.(河里有大量的水)
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