内容正文:
沪教牛津英语七下Unit2 Travelling around the world
重要知识点讲解
一、核心单词
1. wine [waɪn] n. 葡萄酒
用法:不可数名词,表“一杯/瓶葡萄酒”需用“a glass/bottle of wine”;常见搭配“red wine(红葡萄酒)”“white wine(白葡萄酒)”。
例句:
We had a bottle of red wine at dinner with my grandparents.(晚餐时我们和爷爷奶奶喝了一瓶红葡萄酒)
France is famous for its high-quality wine all over the world.(法国以其优质葡萄酒闻名全球)
2. match [mætʃ] v. 配对;n. 比赛
用法:作动词时,核心搭配“match A with B(将A与B配对)”“match sth(与某物相配)”;作名词时,可指体育比赛、火柴,复数形式为“matches”。
例句:
Please match the countries with their capital cities on the map.(请在地图上把国家和首都配对)
Our school’s football team won the important match yesterday.(我们学校足球队昨天赢了那场重要比赛)
3. rich [rɪtʃ] adj. 丰富多彩的;富有的
用法:多义词,表“丰富多彩的”常修饰文化、历史、生活等抽象名词;表“富有的”修饰人、家庭或地区,比较级为“richer”,最高级为“richest”。
例句:
This small country has a rich history of over 2,000 years.(这个小国有着2000多年的悠久历史)
The rich family donated a lot of money to build schools in poor areas.(这个富裕的家庭捐了很多钱在贫困地区建学校)
4. lie [laɪ] v. 位于;坐落于;躺;说谎
用法:含义易混淆,需区分时态:
表“位于/坐落于”:过去式lay,过去分词lain,现在分词lying;
表“躺”:时态变化同“位于”;
表“说谎”:过去式和过去分词均为lied,现在分词lying。
例句:
The beautiful island lies in the southeast of the country.(这座美丽的岛屿位于该国东南部)
She lied to her parents about her test result because she was afraid of being scolded.(她因为害怕被骂,向父母隐瞒了考试成绩)
5. café [ˈkæfeɪ] n. 咖啡馆;小餐馆
用法:可数名词,复数形式为“cafés”或“cafes”,常与介词“in/at”搭配,如“in a café(在咖啡馆里)”。
例句:
We often sit in the quiet café near the school to do our homework.(我们常坐在学校附近那家安静的咖啡馆里写作业)
The café on the street corner serves delicious sandwiches and coffee.(街角的那家小餐馆供应美味的三明治和咖啡)
6. excellent [ˈeksələnt] adj. 优秀的;极好的
用法:程度强于“good”,无比较级和最高级(本身表极致含义),可修饰人、事物、表现或品质。
例句:
She got an excellent score in the English final exam.(她英语期末考试取得了优异成绩)
The service in this hotel is excellent—we all feel very satisfied.(这家酒店的服务极好,我们都感到很满意)
7. coast [kəʊst] n. 海岸;海滨
用法:可数名词,复数为“coasts”,常用搭配“on the coast(在海岸线上)”“along the coast(沿着海岸)”。
例句:
We spent a wonderful holiday in a small village on the coast.(我们在海边的一个小村庄度过了愉快的假期)
Many tourists like to drive along the coast to enjoy the sea view.(很多游客喜欢沿着海岸开车欣赏海景)
8. perfect [ˈpɜːfɪkt] adj. 正合适;完美的;v. 使完美
用法:作形容词时无比较级,可作表语或定语;作动词时,常用搭配“perfect sth(使某物完美)”。
例句:
The weather this weekend is perfect for a hike in the mountains.(这周末的天气太适合去山里徒步了)
She practiced the piano for hours to perfect her performance.(她练了几个小时钢琴,只为让表演更完美)
9. prefer [prɪˈfɜː(r)] v. 更喜欢;宁愿
用法:过去式和过去分词均为“preferred”,常用核心搭配:
prefer to do sth:更喜欢做某事
prefer A to B:喜欢A胜过B(A、B可接名词或动名词)
prefer to do sth rather than do sth:宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
例句:
I prefer to read books in the library rather than at home.(我宁愿在图书馆看书,也不愿在家看)
He prefers playing basketball to playing football after school.(放学后他更喜欢打篮球,而不是踢足球)
10. destination [ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn] n. 目的地
用法:可数名词,复数为“destinations”,常用搭配“travel destination(旅行目的地)”“final destination(最终目的地)”。
例句:
Tokyo is one of the most popular travel destinations in Asia.(东京是亚洲最受欢迎的旅行目的地之一)
We need to confirm our destination before booking the tickets.(订机票前我们需要确认目的地)
11. journey [ˈdʒɜːni] n. 旅行;行程
用法:可数名词,侧重指较长距离的陆路或海路旅行,复数为“journeys”。
例句:
The long journey from Beijing to Xinjiang made us tired but excited.(从北京到新疆的漫长行程让我们疲惫但兴奋)
She kept a diary to record every interesting moment during her journey.(她写日记记录了旅行中的每个有趣瞬间)
12. culture [ˈkʌltʃə(r)] n. 文化;文明
用法:可数名词(表不同国家/民族的文化)或不可数名词(表广义文化),复数为“cultures”,形容词形式为“cultural(文化的)”。
例句:
We should respect the different cultures when traveling abroad.(出国旅行时我们应该尊重不同的文化)
This festival is an important part of our traditional culture.(这个节日是我们传统文化的重要组成部分)
13. historic [hɪˈstɒrɪk] adj. 历史上著名的;有历史意义的
用法:作定语修饰名词,侧重“有历史价值、载入史册的”,区别于“historical(与历史相关的)”。
例句:
We visited many historic buildings in the old town of Xi’an.(我们在西安古城参观了许多历史悠久的建筑)
That historic meeting changed the development of the country.(那次具有历史意义的会议改变了国家的发展轨迹)
14. scenery [ˈsiːnəri] n. 风景;景色
用法:不可数名词,侧重指某一地区的整体自然风景,不能直接用“a/an”修饰,可搭配“beautiful scenery(美景)”。
例句:
The scenery along the Li River in Guilin is beyond description.(桂林漓江两岸的风景美得无法形容)
We stopped the car many times to enjoy the wonderful scenery on the way.(我们在路上停了好几次车欣赏美景)
15. traditional [trəˈdɪʃənl] adj. 传统的;惯例的
用法:作定语或表语,常用搭配“traditional food(传统食物)”“traditional customs(传统习俗)”,名词形式为“tradition(传统)”。
例句:
My grandma likes to cook traditional Chinese food for us.(奶奶喜欢给我们做传统的中国菜)
It’s a traditional custom to give red envelopes during the Spring Festival.(春节发红包是一项传统习俗)
二、重点短语
1. go sightseeing 去观光
用法:固定短语,表“游览、参观景点”,常作为旅行中的核心活动,可与“plan to/decide to/want to”等搭配。
例句:
They plan to go sightseeing in London and visit Big Ben next month.(他们计划下个月去伦敦观光,参观大本钟)
Did you go sightseeing with your family when you traveled to Sanya?(你去三亚旅行时和家人一起观光了吗?)
2. by hand 用手工
用法:表“手工制作”,强调非机器生产,常作状语,区别于“by machine(用机器)”。
例句:
These beautiful paper-cuttings are all made by hand.(这些漂亮的剪纸都是手工制作的)
My aunt makes delicious mooncakes by hand every Mid-Autumn Festival.(每年中秋节我姑姑都会手工做美味的月饼)
3. in the wild 在野外
用法:表“在自然环境中、野生状态下”,常修饰动植物,作地点状语。
例句:
It’s difficult to see giant pandas in the wild now.(现在很难在野外看到大熊猫了)
Many rare animals can only survive in the wild if we protect their habitats.(只有保护好栖息地,许多珍稀动物才能在野外生存)
4. all year round 全年;终年
用法:表“一整年、不分季节”,可作状语修饰动词或形容词,也可放在句末。
例句:
The island has warm weather all year round, so it’s a great place for vacation.(这座岛屿全年气候温暖,是度假的好地方)
This flower can bloom all year round in the greenhouse.(这种花在温室里全年都能开花)
5. set up 建立;设立;创办
用法:“动词+副词”短语,宾语为名词时可放中间或后面;宾语为人称代词时必须放中间,可指建立组织、机构、公司等。
例句:
They set up a reading club in our school to encourage more students to read.(他们在学校成立了读书俱乐部,鼓励更多学生阅读)
My uncle set up his own company when he was 30 years old.(我叔叔30岁时创办了自己的公司)
6. go on a trip 去旅行
用法:表“进行一次旅行”,可与“to+地点”搭配,也可接“for+时间段”表示旅行时长。
例句:
My family will go on a trip to Thailand for a week this summer vacation.(今年暑假我们家要去泰国旅行一周)
We decided to go on a trip to the countryside to breathe fresh air.(我们决定去乡下旅行,呼吸新鲜空气)
7. take photos 拍照;摄影
用法:固定短语,“photo”可替换为“pictures”,常用搭配“take photos of sb/sth(给某人/某物拍照)”。
例句:
Don’t forget to take photos of the beautiful sunset by the sea.(别忘了给海边美丽的日落拍照)
She took many photos with the local people during her trip to Yunnan.(她去云南旅行时和当地人拍了很多照片)
8. learn about 了解;得知
用法:后接名词或代词,表“获取某方面的知识、知道某事”。
例句:
We can learn about different cultures by reading travel books.(通过阅读旅行书籍,我们可以了解不同的文化)
I learned about the history of this city from the tour guide.(我从导游那里了解到了这座城市的历史)
9. try local food 品尝当地美食
用法:“try”此处表“品尝、尝试”,“local food”指“当地特色食物”,是旅行中的常见活动。
例句:
One of my favorite things when traveling is to try local food in different places.(旅行中我最喜欢的事情之一就是品尝不同地方的当地美食)
They tried some delicious local food in the small restaurant near the hotel.(他们在酒店附近的小餐馆品尝了一些美味的当地美食)
10. put on 穿上;戴上;上演
用法:多义短语,表“穿上/戴上”时强调动作,区别于“wear(表状态)”;表“上演”时可接戏剧、节目等。
例句:
Put on your coat—it’s cold outside.(穿上外套,外面冷)
The school will put on a English play during the art festival.(学校将在艺术节期间上演一部英语剧)
11. look forward to 期待;盼望
用法:后接名词、代词或动名词(doing),不能接动词原形,常用搭配“look forward to doing sth(期待做某事)”。
例句:
I’m looking forward to visiting my pen pal in Australia.(我期待着去拜访我在澳大利亚的笔友)
We are all looking forward to the coming summer vacation.(我们都盼望着即将到来的暑假)
三、关键句式
1. 不定式结构作后置定语
用法:不定式(to do)放在名词或代词后面作定语,修饰该名词/代词,与被修饰词之间可构成主谓关系或动宾关系;若不定式为不及物动词,需加适当介词。
例句:
She is the first student in our class to finish the English composition.(她是我们班第一个完成英语作文的学生)
Do you have a pen to write with in the exam?(考试时你有可以用来写字的笔吗?)
2. “Why not do sth?”句型
用法:用于提出建议,表“为什么不做某事呢”,语气委婉亲切,后接动词原形,否定形式为“Why not not do sth?”(较少用),同义句型为“Why don’t you do sth?”。
例句:
Why not go to the cinema to watch the new movie this weekend?(这周末为什么不去电影院看那部新电影呢?)
The park is beautiful. Why not take a walk there after dinner?(公园很漂亮,晚饭后为什么不去那里散步呢?)
3. “prefer to do sth rather than do sth”句型
用法:表“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,“rather than”后接动词原形,前后动作形式一致,侧重表达个人偏好。
例句:
He prefers to stay at home and read books rather than go out to play on rainy days.(下雨天他宁愿在家看书,也不愿出去玩)
She prefers to communicate with her parents face to face rather than send messages.(她更喜欢和父母面对面交流,而不是发信息)
4. “It’s + 形容词 + to do sth”句型
用法:固定句型,“it”为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式(to do sth),表“做某事是……的”,形容词可描述事情的性质或人的感受。
例句:
It’s interesting to learn about the customs of different countries.(了解不同国家的习俗很有趣)
It’s necessary to prepare enough clothes before traveling to the north in winter.(冬天去北方旅行前准备足够的衣服是必要的)
四、语法:并列连词(so/but/and/or)
并列连词用于连接语法功能相同的词、短语或句子(即并列成分),明确前后内容的逻辑关系,常见用法如下:
and:表并列、顺承或递进关系(和;并且;然后)
连接并列的名词、形容词、动词或句子,前后内容为并列或先后发生的关系。
例:I bought a map and a guidebook for my trip to Chengdu.(我为成都之行买了一张地图和一本旅行指南)
例:We finished our homework and then went to the playground to play basketball.(我们完成了作业,然后去操场打篮球)
but:表转折关系(但是;然而)
连接前后意思相反或相对的成分,强调转折语气。
例:The trip is tiring but very meaningful.(这次旅行很累,但非常有意义)
例:He is good at math but not good at English.(他擅长数学,但不擅长英语)
so:表因果关系(所以;因此)
连接结果状语从句,前面的句子表原因,后面的句子表结果,不能与“because”同时使用(because表原因,so表结果,二者择一)。
例:The weather was bad, so we had to cancel our plan to go hiking.(天气不好,所以我们不得不取消徒步旅行的计划)
例:She studied very hard, so she got good grades in all subjects.(她学习很努力,所以所有科目都取得了好成绩)
or:表选择关系(或者;还是)或否定条件(否则)
表选择时,提供两个或多个选项;表否定条件时,提醒不做某事会产生的后果。
例:Do you want to go by train or by plane?(你想坐火车去还是坐飞机去?)
例:Hurry up, or you will miss the early bus.(快点,否则你会错过早班车)
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