专题2 题型2 第1讲 有提示词类语法填空-【优化探究】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习配套课件

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦语法填空专题，依据高考评价体系梳理有提示词（动词、名词、形容词/副词、代词）和无提示词（从句、连词、介词等）核心考点，通过2023-2025年全国卷考情分析明确动词（谓语/非谓语）、词性转换等高频考点权重，构建“考点-技法-真题”三维备考体系，体现高考备考的针对性和实用性。 课件亮点在于“真题精析+思维建模+素养融合”策略，如以2025年全国一卷动词考点为例，运用“句子成分分析法”区分谓语与非谓语，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特设“易错陷阱警示”和“答题模板库”，通过高频考点突破方法（如词性转换“成分定位法”）帮助学生掌握技巧，教师可据此精准指导，助力学生高效冲刺高考。

题型二　语法填空 专题二 语言运用 [考情分析] 年份 卷别 体裁 主题语境＋语境内容 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 比较等级 名词 代词 从句 并列 连词 冠词 介词 2025 全国 一卷 说明文 人与社会：围棋主题艺术展 2 1 3       1 1 1 1 全国 二卷 记叙文 人与自我：体验中国的乡间生活 1 2 2   1 1 1 1   1 年份 卷别 体裁 主题语境＋语境内容 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 比较等级 名词 代词 从句 并列 连词 冠词 介词 2024 新课标 Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会：丝路花园 1 2 3   1   1   1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会：汤显祖与莎士比亚 2 3 1   1   1 1   1 年份 卷别 体裁 主题语境＋语境内容 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语动词 词性转换 比较等级 名词 代词 从句 并列 连词 冠词 介词 2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会：小笼包   4 2     1   1 1 1 新课标Ⅱ卷 记叙文 人与社会：教熊猫饲养员英语 1 1 3   1   1 1 1 1 [命题趋势] 1．有提示词设空和无提示词设空的比例稳定在7∶3或6∶4，考查内容仍以实词为主。 2．深化了对考生语言能力的考查，增加了长难句的比重，整体难度偏高。需要通过厘清句子结构、梳理语义逻辑去解决问题。 3．所考查的语法知识体系较为全面，具有基础性的特点，并凸显了词性转换的考查。 [解题流程] 第一讲　有提示词类语法填空 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 角度3　提示词为形容词/副词 随堂演练 角度2　提示词为名词 角度1　提示词为动词 角度4　提示词为代词 角度1　提示词为动词 【热点速递】——分析句子成分，快速识别谓语和非谓语 技巧点拨 1. 谓语是句子中表示主语动作或状态的核心动词，是句子必不可少的成分，体现句子的时态、语态、人称和单复数的变化。每个简单句有且只有一个谓语动词。七个基本句型(简单句)： 基本句型一：主＋谓 基本句型二：主＋谓＋宾 基本句型三：主＋系＋表(系表结构合称复合谓语) 基本句型四：主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾 基本句型五：主＋谓＋宾＋补足语 基本句型六：主语＋谓语＋状语 基本句型七：主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语 技巧点拨 2.在一个完整的英语句子中，如果出现两个动词，则这两个动词会按照以下三种模式相处： (1)两个动词之间用并列连词(and、but、or、so等)来连接，则这两个动词都作谓语； (2)将两个动词分别放在主句和从句中，则这两个动词都作谓语； (3)句中无并列连词，也无从属连词，则该句为简单句，一个简单句中只有一个谓语动词，起主要作用的作谓语，起次要作用的作非谓语。 备注：若一个句子中有三个或三个以上的动词，则它们的相处模式同两个动词。 典例展示 [典例1]　(2025·全国一卷) We hope ____________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context，and initiate dialogues with minimalist art，conceptual art and expressionism. [分析]　本句中的提示词为动词，虽有并列连词and，但分析句子可知，句中的第二个and主要连接两个由hope引导的并列_____短语，其他and则用于连接并列_____，故整个句子为简单句。一个简单句中通常只能有一个谓语动词，故提示词present为________动词。 动词 名词 非谓语 典例展示 [典例2]　(2025·全国一卷) “The players' personalities ____________ (reveal) during the game，and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent，” she adds. [分析]　本句中的提示词为动词，分析句子结构可知，本句由并列连词 and 连接两个分句，构成并列句。每个分句都必须有独立的谓语，故提示词reveal为_______动词。 谓语 典例展示 [典例3]　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. [分析]　分析句子结构可知，本句为主从复合句，因此主句和从句需各有一个谓语动词。by which引导非限制性定语从句，该从句的谓语动词为_______；主句为______句，句中“influenced by...Road”是过去分词短语作______语，不充当谓语。故提示词walk为________动词。 came 简单 定 谓语 考点一　谓语动词 填谓语动词时，一定要根据时间状语、上下文或并列谓语来判断动词的时态和语态。此外，需注意谓语动词的单复数是否和主语保持一致。   4法破解谓语动词的时态 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·全国二卷) And in the process，I've experienced things that really surprise me at times. The“sunshine scent(香味)”of freshly sunned clothes ____________ (be)one of them. is 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句的主语sunshine scent是单数，句中缺少谓语；根据句意和上文时态可知，此处描述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时，故填is。 2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Some of the things that Tang was writing about ____________ (be) also Shakespeare's concerns. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，该句的主语some of the things是复数；“that Tang was writing about”为定语从句，修饰先行词things；再根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的事，故应填were。 were 3．(2025·全国一卷) A decent winner always ____________ (try)to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知，设空处在句中作谓语；根据 always可知，此句应用一般现在时；主语a decent winner 是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填tries。 tries 4．(2024·浙江1月卷) Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，故空处应填谓语动词。根据句中的时间状语over the last two years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语some supermarkets是复数，助动词用have；主语与start之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故填have started。 have started 5．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) As a little girl, I ____________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 解析：考查动词的时态。根据空前的as a little girl和空后的when I grew up可知，空处讲的是作者小时候的愿望，故时态应用一般过去时，所以空处需要填wished。 wished 6．(2023·北京卷) Up to now, China ____________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空处作句子的谓语。根据时间状语up to now可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语China是单数，故填has established。 has established 7．(2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years, Cao ____________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 has walked 8．(2024·北京卷) When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ____________ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处位于which引导的非限制性定语从句中，从句中已有谓语helps，且空前有并列连词and，故空处为并列谓语。由helps可知，并列谓语也应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；主语which指代前边的整个句子，与动词give之间是主谓关系，所以用主动语态。故填gives。 gives 9．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) He quickly ____________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 解析：考查动词的时态。设空处与and后面的started为并列谓语，故空处用一般过去时。故填threw。 threw 10．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句是“be doing...when...”固定句型，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was fixing。 was fixing 11．It is high time that we ___________________ (devote) ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement. 解析：考查固定用法。设空处在从句中作谓语。根据句型“It is high time that...did/should do”可知，谓语应使用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”。故填devoted或should devote。 devoted/should devote 12．No sooner had I reached the finishing line than the audience ____________ (begin) to cheer. 解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句为“no sooner...than...”结构，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。故填began。 began 13．Last year, a professor of Behavioral Ecology discovered that crows are able to use tools in complex orders. This was the first time that such behavior ______________ (observe) in a non-human animal. 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型“This was the first time that sb./sth. had done sth.”，从句应用过去完成时；behavior与observe之间为动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故填had been observed。 had been observed [技法点拨] 1．语境暗示法 从近几年高考来看，时态考查主要是通过语境暗示解题。分析句子结构，若发现提示词作谓语，并且没有标志性的时间状语时，通过正确理解语境，尤其是上下文的时态对照，是解决时态问题的一个行之有效的方法。 2．时间标志词法 (1)一般现在时：always、sometimes、every week/day等； (2)一般过去时：then、yesterday、last week、the other day、in＋过去的年份、时间段＋ago、时间段＋later等； (3)现在进行时：look、listen、now、at present、at this moment/time等； (4)一般将来时：tomorrow、next year、in＋时间段、in the future等； (5)现在完成时：since、recently、lately、already、yet、in the last/past＋时间段、so far/up to now/by now、for＋时间段、ever since等。 (6)过去完成时：by then、by the end of last year等。 3．并列谓语法 同一个主语有两个或两个以上的并列谓语时，谓语动词的时态要一致。常见的并列连词有and、but、or、rather than、neither...nor...、not only...but also...等。 4．固定句式法 (1)was/were doing sth. when＋一般过去时 (2)had (just) done sth. when＋一般过去时 (3)This/It/That is the first/second/...time that＋现在完成时 (4)This/It/That was the first/second/...time that＋过去完成时 (5)It is/has been＋时间段＋since ＋一般过去时 (6)No sooner/Hardly had sb. done sth. than/when＋一般过去时 主谓逻辑关系定语态 [典例感悟] 1．(2024·全国甲卷) What should ____________ (do) with such a beautiful place？They wondered out loud. 解析：考查动词的语态。主语what与do之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；空前的should是情态动词，其后应用动词原形。 be done 2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ____________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语a six-meter-tall pavilion是单数，且与build之间是被动关系；此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。 was built 3．(2023·全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 解析：考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。主语a simple literary form和动词employ之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；空前是情态动词。故填be employed。 be employed 4．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP ____________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”． 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。句子的主语the GPNP和design之间为被动关系；此处叙述的是现在的客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语为单数。故填is designed。 is designed 5．Sichuan cuisine, listed as one of China's eight major culinary styles，____________ (become) popular internationally in recent years. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。根据时间状语in recent years可知，应使用现在完成时；cuisine为不可数名词，由空后的popular可知，become为系动词，无被动语态。故填has become。 has become [技法点拨] 1．主谓动宾辨语态 分析句子结构，提示词作谓语时，若与主语之间是主谓关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是动宾关系，则考虑用被动语态 2．常考时态的被动语态 (1)一般现在时：am/is/are done； (2)一般过去时：was/were done； (3)一般将来时：will be done； (4)现在完成时：has/have been done； (5)过去完成时：had been done； (6)情态动词：情态动词＋be＋done。 3．常考的无被动语态的动词和短语 (1)系动词(appear、seem、become等)； (2)不及物动词(短语)：happen、occur、take place、break out、run out(用完)、give out(用完)、come up(被提出)； (3)及物动词(短语)：have、belong to、consist of、date back to/date from等。 主谓一致解题3原则 [典例感悟] 1．(2023·全国乙卷) The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world，____________ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. means 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。上下文的时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；句子的主语为the remarkable development of this city，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ____________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词areas，从句的谓语动词的单复数应与复数名词areas保持一致；空后的previously unprotected表明这个定语从句叙述的是过去发生的事。故填were。 were 3．(2025·福建4月质检)“Stamp collecting has added more meaning to my travels. Turning the pages of those notebooks ____________ (feel) somewhat like looking at photos，” she said. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处所在句是直接引语，描述翻阅笔记本页面的一般感受，所以用一般现在时；动名词短语turning the pages of those notebooks作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填feels。 feels 4．The century-old castle, where there still ____________ (stand) a well-preserved old building and dozens of huge maple trees, is listed among the top 10 tourist attractions in the world. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句中where引导的定语从句为there开头的倒装句，遵循就近一致原则，谓语用单数；该句介绍的是客观情况，应使用一般现在时。故填stands。 stands 5．Not the outer layer material but the sensors used to detect body heat ____________ (be) unreliable, which results in the impractical device. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为主系表结构中的be动词，not...but...连接并列主语时，谓语的单复数和邻近的主语保持一致。故填are。 are 6．(2025·重庆八中月考)Hanfu, as well as other forms of traditional Chinese costume, ____________ (experience ) a sharp rise in popularity in recent years. 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语 in recent years 可知，应用现在完成时；此处是由as well as 连接两个并列的名词作主语，谓语动词的单复数应与as well as前的主语Hanfu保持一致；Hanfu与动词experience之间为主动关系。故填has experienced。 has experienced 7．Much of the world's electronic waste will not be recycled, reused or even disposed of in a safe and controlled manner. Only around 17.5 percent ____________ (record) as recycled in 2024. 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语in 2024可知，该动作发生在过去；根据语境可知，17.5 percent之后省略了of the world's electronic waste，谓语应使用单数；且主语和record之间为被动关系，应使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was recorded。 was recorded 8．After the plane landed, Mr.Anton found he received a flood of messages. Some ____________ (be) from supportive colleagues, but many harshly criticized his work. 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空处所在分句为主系表结构，叙述的是过去发生的事情；主语some为不定代词，指代前面的复数名词 messages，谓语用复数。故填were。 were [技法点拨] 1．语法一致原则 (1)可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；可数名词复数作主语时， 谓语动词用复数； (2)单个的动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数； (3)主语后接with、together with、as well as、like、but、except、along with、rather than、including、in addition to等，谓语动词的单复数要与前面的主语保持一致； (4) and、both...and...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一概念(不可分割的整体)时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2．就近一致原则 (1)由or、either...or...、neither... nor...、not only... but (also)...、not ...but...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单复数通常与最近的主语保持一致； (2)由there、here引起的句子中主语不止一个时，谓语动词的单复数通常和最近的主语保持一致。 3．意义一致原则 (1)集体名词(family、class、team等)作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作构成集体的一个个成员，则谓语动词用复数形式； (2)“the＋形容词”表示一类人，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； (3)名词由分数、百分数或者some、a part of等修饰时，要根据所修饰的名词确定谓语动词的单复数。 考点二　非谓语动词 所给提示词为动词时，若句中已有谓语动词，且提示词在句中不作并列谓语，则考虑填非谓语动词。然后根据该非谓语动词所作的成分，确定具体的非谓语动词的形式。   非谓语动词作主语和表语 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·山东潍坊模拟) When they are not in use，they remain rolled up，with coverings on the back and front to protect the painting.____________(keep) in this way helps Thangkas last for a very long time. Being kept 解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用动词-ing形式作主语，且keep和Thangkas之间是被动关系，应用动词-ing形式的被动式。故填Being kept。 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，改编) ____________ (produce) food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：生产没人吃的食物浪费水、燃料和其他用来种植它的资源。本句已有谓语wastes，因此设空处为非谓语动词作主语。根据句意可知，此处表示经常性的动作，故用动名词作主语。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Producing。 Producing 3．(2021·全国甲卷) It is possible ____________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为句型“It ＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.”， it为形式主语，后面的不定式短语作真正的主语。故填to walk。 to walk 4．(2021·全国乙卷) It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveller to become ____________ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics... 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指人接受教育，become为系动词，用过去分词形式作表语。故填educated。 educated 5．The terrain (地形) in these regions is mountainous, with jungles and waterfalls making any kind of permanent road structure impossible. This is why ____________ (create) living bridges with the roots of living banyan trees is the most practical option. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“________ (create) living bridges with the roots of living banyan trees”在表语从句中作主语。故填creating。 creating 6．The purpose of the exchange program is ____________ (promote) the understanding between the two countries. 解析：考查非谓语动词。空处位于be动词之后，在句中作表语，当主语是purpose、aim、goal、plan等名词时，表语通常用不定式结构，说明主语的具体内容。故填to promote。 to promote [技法点拨] 1．作主语 (1)分析句子结构，找到句子的谓语部分，其前设空可能是缺少主语。如果是习惯性、抽象的动作，一般用动名词作主语；如果是具体的、一次性的动作，一般用不定式作主语。不定式和动名词作主语时，常可以互换； (2)掌握用it作形式主语，动词-ing形式/动词不定式作真正的主语的句型： It is/was＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth. It is no use/good doing sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. It's worthwhile to do/doing sth. 2．作表语 (1)不定式作表语，表示将来或表示对主语的进一步说明，其主语通常为aim、choice、decision、dream、goal、idea、intention、plan、 purpose、wish等； (2)动名词作表语，多表示抽象或习惯性的动作，一般是对主语内容的进一步解释和说明； (3)现在分词作表语，意为“令人感到……的”，常修饰物；过去分词作表语，某些意为“感到……的”，此时常修饰人。 非谓语动词作宾语 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·浙江1月卷) “I really want to make this work for people's lives today，and I know that doesn't always mean ____________ (return)a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. returning 解析：考查非谓语动词。本空考查固定用法mean doing sth.“意味着做某事”，用动词-ing形式作宾语。故填returning。 2．(2024·全国甲卷) Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语tend，此处应填非谓语。tend to do sth.意为“往往会做某事”，为固定用法。故填to catch。 to catch 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) To eat one，you have to decide whether ____________ (bite) a small hole in it first，releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出)... 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词have to decide，设空处与whether连用构成“whether＋to do”结构，作decide的宾语。故填to bite。 to bite 4．(2023·全国乙卷) As a photographer，I have spent the last two years ____________ (record) everything I discovered. 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词have spent，设空处作非谓语。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定句型，意为“花费时间做某事”。故填recording。 recording 5．(2021·全国甲卷) After ____________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 解析：考查非谓语动词。空前的after为介词，后面应接动词-ing形式。故填spending。 spending 6．(2021·全国乙卷) Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim ____________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 解析：考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。故填to have。 to have 7．(2025·河北张家口模拟) The fundamentals of making cloisonne include ____________ (shape) the object's body，bending and inlaying copper (铜) wires to present surface patterns, coloring these wires, heating and finally, polishing and gilding (镀金). 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处动词-ing短语作include的宾语，与后面的动词-ing短语并列。include doing sth.意为“包括做某事”。故填shaping。 shaping 8．(2025·山东济宁模拟) Eager to explore more of Plymouth's charm, we set out for West Hoe Park the next day, which provided a spacious play area for children, equipped with plentiful delights. Our children were totally attracted and we had a hard time ____________ (tear) them away. 解析：考查非谓语动词。短语have a hard time doing sth.表示“做某事很困难”。故填tearing。 tearing 9．(2025·江苏镇江调研) To prevent soft tissue injury, remember ____________ (warm) up before exercising and don't forget to stretch at the end of your workout. 解析：考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”。句中warm up before exercising是建议在运动前要做的事，属于 “未发生的动作”，故填to warm。 to warm 10．(2025·江苏高三阶段练习) Henry Kissinger, the former US diplomat, died at the age of 100，who devoted himself to ____________ (maintain) the China-US relationship. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句中devoted himself to是固定搭配，意为 “致力于……”，其中to为介词，后接动词时需用动名词形式。故填maintaining。 maintaining 11．(2025·长郡中学高三模拟) As soon as the earthquake was reported, many men volunteered ____________ (keep) the victims company and gave them a helping hand. 解析：考查非谓语动词。volunteer to do sth.意为“自愿做某事”，后接不定式作宾语。故填to keep。 to keep [技法点拨] 1．作介词的宾语 (1)需关注介词to的固定短语 look forward to盼望　get down to着手　be used/accustomed to习惯于　stick to坚持　pay attention to注意　devote/commit/apply oneself to致力于　object to反对　be opposed to反对　When it comes to谈到……　attach importance to重视 (2)注意在以下结构中用doing spend/waste...(in) doing sth.花费/浪费……做某事 be busy/occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 prevent/stop...(from) doing sth.阻止……做某事 have a hard time (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 have fun (in) doing sth.做某事很开心 There is no point/sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有用 There is no harm (in) doing sth.不妨做某事 2．只能跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语) avoid、advise、appreciate、allow、admit、consider(考虑)、deny、delay、enjoy、escape、excuse、finish、imagine、mind、miss、permit、practice、quit、risk、suggest(建议)、give up、be worth、put off、insist on、keep on等。 3．只能跟不定式作宾语的动词 agree、arrange、aim、afford、choose、demand、decide、determine、desire、expect、fail、hope、long(渴望)、learn、manage、offer、pretend、plan、promise、prepare、refuse、tend、 want、wish等。 4．接动名词和不定式意义不同的动词 5．“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语 know/understand/realize/ask/wonder/learn＋疑问词＋to do 非谓语动词作宾语补足语 [典例感悟] 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them ____________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为allow sth.to do sth.结构，to do作宾语补足语，此处表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”，lift与宾语them构成动宾关系，故用不定式的被动式。故填to be lifted。 to be lifted 2．When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds ____________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds是saw的宾语，“________ (surround) the mountain tops”是非谓语动词结构作宾语补足语，clouds与surround之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填surrounding。 surrounding 3．Orange trees are...They make great gifts and you see them many times ____________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句中them指代上文中的orange trees，且decorate与them之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。 decorated 4．To make wildlife ____________ (protect) better, the authority has not only set the list of habitats but also published a list of wild animals under special conservation, listing 150 kinds of wild animals. 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，动词protect和宾语wildlife之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填protected。 protected 5．He called on the nation ____________ (meet) people's ever-growing intellectual and cultural needs as well as to build greater cultural confidence and strength. 解析：考查非谓语动词。call on sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“号召某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to meet。 to meet 6．The heatable brick bed retains heat well, which enables people ____________ (have) a comfortable sleeping environment in the cold winter. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：火炕很好地保存了热量，使人们能够在寒冷的冬天有一个舒适的睡眠环境。固定短语enable sb. to do sth.意为“使某人能够做某事”。故填to have。 to have 7．(2025·江苏南京校考) With his eyes ____________ (fix) on the screen，he paid no attention to things happening around him. 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构。fix与 eyes是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填fixed。 fixed 8．(2025·福建福州期末) The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundaries ____________ (stretch) all the way to the border. 解析：考查非谓语动词。 此处为with复合结构。stretch与 boundaries是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填stretching。 stretching 9．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ____________ (take). 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。take与photograph是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填taken。 taken [技法点拨] 1．现在分词作宾语补足语 表示“主动和正在进行”用动词的现在分词形式。常跟动词的现在分词形式作宾语补足语的有感官动词(短语)feel、hear、listen to、see、look at、watch、notice、observe；使役动词get、have；其他动词catch、find、keep、leave等。 2．过去分词作宾语补足语 表示“被动和完成”用动词的过去分词形式。常跟动词的过去分词形式作宾语补足语的有感官动词(短语)feel、hear、listen to、see、look at、watch、notice、observe；使役动词get、have、make；其他动词find、keep、leave等。 3．不定式作宾语补足语 (1)常跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise、allow、appoint、cause、challenge、order、command、permit、encourage、expect、drive、enable、forbid、force、inspire、instruct、invite、persuade、warn等； (2)常跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有感官动词feel、hear、listen to、see、look at、watch、notice、observe；使役动词let、have、make等。但在变为被动语态时需要加上to(let除外)。 4．with复合结构 with＋宾语＋ 非谓语动词作定语 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·全国二卷) Growing up，my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____________ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet“sunshine scent”after sunning clothes for an entire day. 解析：考查非谓语动词。the chance to do sth.是固定用法，意为“做某事的机会”，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to discover。 to discover 2．(2025·全国二卷) If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____________ (leave) to sun for a day，well，you're missing out on one of life's wonders. 解析：考查非谓语动词。从句中已有谓语，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式；a sheet or shirt与leave之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填left。 left 3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The latest ____________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. 解析：考查非谓语动词。空处修饰空后的名词techniques，在句中作定语，说明名词的作用，应用动名词。故填engineering。 engineering 4．(2024·浙江1月卷) Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ____________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词；动词design和逻辑主语packs构成动宾关系，且动作已完成，用过去分词作后置定语。故填designed。 designed 5．(2023·全国甲卷) Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message ____________ (intend) for everyone. 解析：考查非谓语动词。be intended for sb.是固定表达，意为“为某人设计/安排”。这里用过去分词作后置定语，intended也可以看作一个形容词。 intended 6．(2022·全国甲卷) A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step ____________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一位来自北京的盲人最近徒步40天到了西安，作为徒步旅行“一带一路”路线的第一步。分析句子并结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词修饰，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to journey。 to journey 7．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ____________ (fall) child. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处应该使用非谓语动词。child和fall之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，同时表示动作正在进行，应用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 falling [技法点拨] 1．动名词作定语 表示被修饰词的用途或作用，用动名词作定语，如sleeping train。 2．现在分词作定语 (1)现在分词作定语表示主动、正在进行； (2)若表示被动且正在发生的动作用being done结构； (3)表示心理状态的动词-ing形式的形容词，意为“令人……的”。 3．过去分词作定语 (1)过去分词作定语表示被动、完成； (2)动词-ed形式的形容词，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的名词，如look、expression、face、voice等。 4．不定式作定语 (1)表示将要发生用to do，被动时用to be done； (2)由the only/very/next、序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词/代词后常用不定式作定语； (3)名词ability、attempt、chance、desire、eagerness、potential、way、right、time、wish、decision、opportunity等和代词something、anything、nothing等后常用不定式作定语。 非谓语动词作状语 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·浙江卷1月) Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women ____________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句子主干是Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes，空处在此作非谓语。结合句意可知，“________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright”在此作目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填to rent。 to rent 2．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) These sepals open on warm days ____________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式。故填to give。 to give 3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ____________ (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.” 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为Edmondson，谓语动词为said，故空处应填非谓语动词；又因主语Edmondson与动词recall之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填Recalling。 Recalling 4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ____________ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 解析：考查非谓语动词。be amazed to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。设空处为不定式作amazed的原因状语。故填to find。 to find 5．(2023·全国乙卷) ____________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years，I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new，and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语，visit与逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系；根据时间状语over the last 10 years可知，此处visit是先于谓语动词完成的动作，故用现在分词的完成式。故填Having visited。 Having visited 6．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, ____________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处前面有谓语动词begins，且两者之间没有连词连接，设空处为非谓语动词作状语，her fable与borrow之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 borrowing 105 7．____________ (construct) in sections from the 5th century BCE, the Grand Canal was a means of communication for the Empire for the first time in the Sui Dynasty. 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句为主系表结构，设空处为非谓语动词作状语，与其逻辑主语the Grand Canal构成动宾关系，应使用过去分词形式；设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Constructed。 Constructed [技法点拨] 1．现在分词作状语 (1) 句子的主语是分词动作的逻辑主语，而且与该动词之间为主谓关系； (2)表示自然而然的意料之中的结果，用动词-ing 形式作状语； (3) 如果分词的动作早于谓语动词发生，则该分词要用having done形式。 2．过去分词作状语 句子的主语是分词动作的逻辑主语，而且与该动词之间为动宾关系。 3．不定式作状语 (1)不定式可以用作目的状语； (2)only to do sth.为不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果； (3)形容词作表语时，后可接不定式作状语表示原因； (4)在“主语＋系动词＋表语(形容词)＋to do”句式中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。 考点三　词性转换  提示词为动词时，如果既不作谓语，也不作非谓语，则应考虑进行词性转换。动词是转换成名词还是形容词，则需要根据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分析。 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·全国一卷) “You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____________ (guide)’till they lose，”explains Wang Wei... 解析：考查词性转换。空处在形容词性物主代词your之后，需要用名词作follow的宾语，表示“引导”。故填guidance。 guidance 2．(2025·浙江1月卷) Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive ____________ (solve) to one-time event dressing. 解析：考查词性转换。空处作providing的宾语，其前有冠词和形容词修饰，要用名词。故填solution。 solution 3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) In cold weather, the structure stays ____________ (close) to protect the plants. 解析：考查词性转换。空前的stays“保持”是系动词，后接过去分词式形容词作表语，表示被动，故填closed，意为“关闭的”。 closed 4．(2024·全国甲卷) They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the ____________ (complete) of their journey. 解析：考查词性转换。根据空处前的冠词the和空处后的介词of可知，空处应填名词。at the completion of...意为“在……结束时”。 completion 5．(2024·浙江1月卷) Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ____________ (criticize) that they lead to waste. 解析：考查词性转换。空处位于定冠词后，作because of的宾语，且空处后that引导的同位语从句对空处进行补充说明，故应用名词criticism，表示“批评”。 criticism 6．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Xiao long bao (soup dumplings)，those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot，____________ (taste) soup and sweet，fresh meat，are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 解析：考查词性转换。空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词soup。故填tasty。 tasty [技法点拨] 1．利用句子成分确定词性 (1)如果空处在句中作主语、宾语或表语，要考虑用名词； (2)如果空处在句中作定语、表语、主语补足语或宾语补足语，要考虑用形容词。 2．根据修饰词或被修饰词确定词性 (1)如果空处被形容词、冠词或形容词性物主代词修饰，要考虑用名词； (2)如果空处修饰名词，要考虑用形容词。 角度2　提示词为名词 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·全国一卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces，the beauty in the ____________ (strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings，sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. strategic 解析：考查词性转换。本空需填一个形容词修饰名词placement，表示“策略上的”。故填strategic。 2．(2025·全国二卷) Yet now，I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains，chickens are always free-range，and ____________ (center) heating doesn't exist. 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，修饰名词heating，应用形容词。故填central，意为“中央的”。 central 3．(2025·全国二卷) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live，thanks to the absence of smog and plenty of blue sky ____________ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 解析：考查名词单复数。根据上文的plenty of可知，这里的afternoon要用复数形式。故填afternoons。 afternoons 4．(2025·浙江1月卷) As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer ____________ (time)，clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. 解析：考查名词单复数。time在此意为“次，回”，是可数名词，其前有fewer修饰，要用复数形式。故填times。 times 5．(2025·浙江1月卷) “I really want to make this work for ____________ (people) lives today，and I know that doesn't always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，”she says. 解析：考查名词所有格。空处修饰名词lives，应用名词所有格形式，故填people's，表示“人们的”。 people's 6．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) These plants included modern Western ____________ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 解析：考查名词单复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词included的宾语，前面的modern Western为定语，所以此处应填名词；根据空后的“such as rosemary，lavender and fennel”可知，空处表示复数概念，应用favourites。 favourites 7．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Although they could never have met, there are common ____________ (theme) in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 解析：考查名词单复数。根据空前的there are可知，此处应用名词复数themes。 themes 8．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017, right before the arrival of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ____________ (confidence)speaking English. 解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与空前的形容词comfortable并列，同作feel的表语，因此，空处也要填形容词。故填confident。 confident 9．(2023·全国乙卷) The ____________ (remark) development of this city，which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world，means there is always something new to discover here，and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. remarkable 解析：考查词性转换。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词development，应用形容词。故填remarkable，意为“非凡的，卓越的”。 10．(2023·全国甲卷) ____________ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 解析：考查词性转换。be different from“与……不同”是固定短语，此处作状语，去掉be动词，且空处位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Different。 Different [技法点拨] 1．名词变复数 若提示词是可数名词单数，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的复数形式，同时注意不规则变化的情况。 (1)有数词或者these、those、several、many、all、both、various、different、a number of 等修饰时，名词用复数形式； (2)前有one of、among修饰时，名词用复数形式； (3)若谓语动词是复数形式，则作主语的名词也用复数形式。 2．名词所有格 提示词与后面的名词为所属关系，应考虑用名词所有格。在变名词所有格时，单数名词或不以-s结尾的复数名词，在词尾加-'s；以-s结尾的单数或复数名词，在词尾加-'。 3．名词转换成形容词或动词 (1)提示词为名词，如果作表语或作定语修饰后面的名词或前面有表示比较级和最高级的词more/most或less/least，则一般考查名词变形容词； (2)提示词为名词，如果作谓语或非谓语，则一般考查名词变动词。 角度3　提示词为形容词/副词 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·全国一卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces，the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings，sculptures, ____________ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 解析：考查词性转换。空处在过去分词generated之前，应用副词修饰，故填digitally。 digitally 2．(2025·全国二卷) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live，thanks to the ____________ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 解析：考查词性转换。此处为“the＋名词＋of...”结构，空处应用所给词的名词形式，故填absence。 absence 3．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the ____________ (rich) of gardening in England. 解析：考查词性转换。空处跟在定冠词the之后，且空后的of gardening对空处进行限定，因此应用名词richness。 richness 4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international ____________ (visible)，said Edmondson. 解析：考查词性转换。international是形容词，应修饰名词。visible的名词形式为visibility，表示“知名度”。 visibility 5．(2024·全国甲卷) Yellowstone was the ____________ (large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 解析：考查形容词最高级。根据空处前的the和空处后的United States national park可知，本句暗含着Yellowstone与美国所有国家公园之间的比较，故用large的最高级形式。 largest 6．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is ____________ (rare) enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left wanting more next time. 解析：考查词性转换。此处enough为形容词，其前应用副词修饰，故填rarely“几乎不”。 rarely 7．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) So, what are they learning? ____________ (basic)，how to describe a panda's life. 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子，应使用副词形式。由于本空位于句首，首字母要大写，所以空处填Basically。句意：那么，他们在学什么呢？总的来说，他们在学习如何描述大熊猫的生活。 Basically 8．(2023·浙江1月卷) Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____________ (simple) in design and decoration，and the hutongs were narrower. 解析：考查形容词比较级。空处与空前的smaller相呼应，表示“在设计和装饰方面更简单”。故填simpler。 simpler 9．(2022·全国乙卷) As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ____________ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大的产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大的产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。 largest 10．(2022·全国甲卷) In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's ____________ (high) mountain. 解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家。2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山的山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前的Africa's和常识可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山峰，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 highest [技法点拨] 1．词性转换 (1)若空处修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，应考虑填副词形式； (2)若空处在动词前作主语或在介词、动词后作宾语，应考虑填名词形式；空处被冠词、形容词、形容词性物主代词修饰时，要考虑填名词形式。 2．形容词、副词变比较级 (1)空前有much、far、still、even、rather、a little、a bit、a lot、a great deal或空后有than 等标志词时，应考虑用比较级； (2)固定句型中的比较级 ①the＋比较级．..the＋比较级．..“越……，就越……”； ②比较级＋and＋比较级 “越来越……”； (3)“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义； (4)如果句中没有标志词，但暗含比较级的意义，也需要用比较级。 3．形容词、副词变最高级 (1)设空后有表示范围的标志词in、of、among等时，用最高级； (2)设空前有one of the、“the＋序数词”等修饰词时，用最高级； (3)如果句中没有标志词，但暗含最高级的意义，也需要用最高级。 角度4　提示词为代词 [典例感悟] 1．(2025·全国二卷) Over time，I've found ____________ (I)feeling extremely at home here. 解析：考查反身代词。“find oneself＋分词”表示“发现自己处于某种状态”，这里的主语是I，应用反身代词myself。 myself 2．(2024·全国甲卷) They wondered out loud. This area, with ____________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. 解析：考查形容词性物主代词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的beauty，应用形容词性物主代词its。 its 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ____________ (they) contents. 解析：考查形容词性物主代词。此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰空后的名词contents，表示“不会使包子开裂，或者溢出包子里的任何东西”。 their 4．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). 解析：考查名词性物主代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。当然，它也会留在我的记忆中。根据上一句中的“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知，本句中的does指代上一句中的stick，本句缺少宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。 mine 5．(2021·浙江6月卷) She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ____________ (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order. 解析：考查反身代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，应用反身代词。故填herself。 herself [技法点拨] 当句子中缺少主语、定语、宾语或表语时，可考虑填代词；确定填代词之后，再看一下设空处所填代词是否与上文提到的人或物有指代关系。 1．作主语：人称代词主格(I、we、you、he、she、they、it)、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词(ours、mine、yours、his、hers、theirs、its)。 2．作宾语：人称代词宾格(me、us、you、him、her、them、it)、名词性物主代词、不定代词。 3．作表语：人称代词宾格、不定代词或名词性物主代词。 4．作定语：形容词性物主代词(my、our、your、his、her、their、its)。 5．作宾语、表语或同位语且反射句子的主语，用反身代词(myself、ourselves、yourself、yourselves、himself、herself、themselves、itself)，同时注意单复数的变化。 随堂演练 A [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。舞狮是中国和马来西亚文化交流的纽带。马来西亚舞狮源于中国南狮，其文化价值在马来西亚得到了公众的广泛认可。中国和马来西亚共同推广、保护这一文化遗产。 A (2025·陕西适应性测试) Lion Dance Roars with Shared Values The powerful people-to-people bonds between China and Malaysia take many expressions considering the range of shared traditional and 1.____________(culture) values between the two nations. The Malay people have taken great interest in the lion dance, a tradition 2.____________ emerged over a thousand years ago in China and has many admirers in modern Malaysia. 1．答案：cultural 解析：考查词性转换。根据本文标题，再结合语境可知，空处与空前的形容词traditional并列修饰名词values，故用culture的形容词形式cultural。 2．答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示物的名词 tradition, 从句中缺少主语， 所以空处填 that/which。 Among them 3.____________(be) Adzwin Puteri Faizal, a petite young woman, who is part of the locally renowned Yong Jun Lion Dance Association. “In earlier generations, it was difficult for people from other ethnic groups and women 4.____________(learn) lion dance, but things have changed. The 5.____________(unique) and inclusiveness of lion dance have allowed us to build a family here，” her lion dance master said. The lion dance in Malaysia shares its roots with the Chinese lion dance, 6.____________(specific) from the 3．答案：is 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处考查全部倒装结构，空处作主句的谓语，主句的主语是Adzwin Puteri Faizal，为第三人称单数；此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is。 4．答案：to learn 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定句式“it is/was＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故应用不定式形式。 5．答案：uniqueness 解析：考查词性转换。空处与空后的名词inclusiveness并列作本句的主语，故空处应用名词形式。 6．答案：specifically 解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰空后的介词短语from the southern lion dance style，故用副词形式。 southern lion dance style. It arrived in Malaysia with Chinese immigrants and took root. Initially, the lion dance 7.____________(perform) during Chinese festivals and celebrations, but 8.____________ the blending of Malaysia's ethnicities and cultures, it gradually crossed ethnic and religious boundaries, 9.____________(become) a beloved cultural activity for all communities. Its cultural value is widely recognized by the public. 7．答案：was performed 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。but 连接两个分句， 空处在第一个分句中作谓语。根据initially可知， 此处描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；主语the lion dance是第三人称单数，和perform之间是被动关系。故填was performed。 8．答案：with 解析：考查介词。but后的第二个分句的主干是“it gradually crossed ethnic and religious boundaries”，空处和空后的“the blending of Malaysia's ethnicities and cultures”构成介词短语，作状语。结合语境可知，空处表示“随着”，故填with。 9．答案：becoming 解析：考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作非谓语，become与其逻辑主语it之间是主谓关系，此处表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词形式。 2024 marked the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and Malaysia. Both sides celebrated the lion dance as 10.____________ form of shared history, and jointly promoted and safeguarded the heritage. 10．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。空处修饰可数名词form，表示泛指，且form的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 语料积累 必备 单词 Para.1：emerge v．出现，浮现 Para.2：renowned adj.有名的；闻名的　inclusiveness n．包容性　immigrant n．移民　initially adv.最初地 Para.3：diplomatic adj.外交的　jointly adv.联合地；共同地　safeguard v．保护；捍卫 B [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了两位外国学生通过创建Phonemica网站，利用现代技术手段保护中国丰富的方言文化的故事。 (2025·河北石家庄教学质量检测三)China has a huge variety of dialects. However, these dialects are becoming difficult 1.____________ (preserve) as Putonghua becomes increasingly popular in schools and public places. 1．答案：to preserve 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查“主语＋系动词＋形容词＋to do sth.”结构，在该结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。故填to preserve。句意：然而，随着普通话在学校和公共场所越来越受欢迎，这些方言变得难以保存。 2．____________ (face) with this issue, two language-loving foreign students decided to do something. Parker, a linguistics (语言学) student, studies Chinese dialects, while Hansen, fluent 3.____________ multiple languages, has lived in Beijing for years. Together, they started a project which later 4.____________ (become) a website called Phonemica, or Xiangyinyuan, 5.____________ recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed. 2．答案：Faced 解析：考查非谓语动词。be faced with是固定短语，意为“面临，面对”，空处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词face与句子的主语“two language-loving foreign students”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作状语，空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Faced。句意：面对这个问题，两位热爱语言的外国学生决定做点什么。 3．答案：in 解析：考查介词。be fluent in是固定搭配，表示“在……方面流利或精通”。故填in。句意：Parker是一名语言学专业的学生，研究中国方言，而Hansen精通多种语言，已经在北京生活多年。 4．答案：became 解析：考查动词的时态。空处是which引导的定语从句的谓语，根据主句的started可知，项目变成网站是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。故填became。句意：他们一起启动了一个项目，这个项目后来变成了一个名为“乡音苑”的网站，这个网站收集并展示了那些濒临消失的方言的录音。 5．答案：where 解析：考查定语从句。本句的主干是“they started a project”。分析句子结构可知，空处后面是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a website，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 What you're bound to notice on the Phonemica website is the 6.____________ (present) of a large map which shows various dialects across China. In certain 7.____________ (area), there are uploads of recordings of dialects which visitors to the site can listen to. Most of the recordings feature speakers 8.____________ (tell) a story in their various dialects. 6．答案：presence 解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应该用名词presence作表语，the presence of表示“……的存在”。故填presence。句意：你在“乡音苑”网站上一定会注意到一张大地图，它展示了中国各地的各种方言。 7．答案：areas 解析：考查名词单复数。area是可数名词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填areas。句意：在(这张地图上的)某些地区有上传的方言录音，网站的访问者可以收听。 8．答案：telling 解析：考查非谓语动词。空处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空前的名词speakers，动词tell与speakers之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填telling。句意：大多数录音的内容是讲述者用他们的各种方言讲故事。 Unlike many similar websites focusing on text or professional research, Phonemica records ordinary people, helping create an oral history of Asia. The website's detailed information about speakers, including ethnic background and education, makes it more engaging and 9.____________ (access) than traditional language research platforms, aiming to preserve 10.____________ unique appeal of each dialect. 9．答案：accessible 解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的“makes it more engaging and”可知，空处应该用形容词accessible与engaging并列作补足语。故填accessible。句意：该网站提供了讲述者的详细信息，包括民族背景和教育程度，使其比传统的语言研究平台更具吸引力和可访问性，旨在保留每种方言的独特魅力。 10．答案：the 解析：考查冠词。appeal在这里表示“魅力”，特指每种方言的独特魅力，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 语料积累 必备 短语 Para.2：in danger of...有……的危险 Para.3：be bound to do sth.一定会做某事 长难句 分析 Together, they started a project which later became a website called Phonemica, or Xiangyinyuan, where recordings of the dialects in danger of dying out are collected and displayed.(Para.2) 分析：which引导定语从句，修饰先行词project；called Phonemica，or Xiangyinyuan为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰website；where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词website。 译文：他们一起启动了一个项目，这个项目后来变成了一个名为“乡音苑”的网站，这个网站收集并展示了那些濒临消失的方言的录音。 感谢您的观看 $