Unit 1 Home 基数词和序数词 (语法讲解+分层精练）--2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

Unit 1 Home （基数词和序数词） (语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）概念 1 （二）基数词的构成 1 （三）序数词的构成 2 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) 3 （一）单项选择 (共15题) 3 （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 (共10题) 4 （三）句子翻译/改错 (共5题) 4 一、语法讲解 （一）概念 基数词：表示数量“多少” 序数词：表示顺序“第几” （二）基数词的构成 数字范围 构成规则 示例 补充说明 0 - 12 独立单词，无规律 zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 需逐个记忆 13 - 19 个位数词干 + -teen thirteen, fifteen, eighteen 注意 thirteen, fifteen, eighteen 的拼写变化 20 - 90 (整十) 个位数词干 + -ty twenty, forty, fifty, eighty 注意 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty 的拼写 21 - 99 (非整十) 整十数 + 连字符 - + 个位数 twenty-one, thirty-five, ninety-nine 中间必须有连字符 百位数 1-9数字 + hundred (单数) + (and) + 末两位数 200: two hundred 305: three hundred and five 888: eight hundred and eighty-eight 1. hundred 用单数 2. 英式英语中，and 通常不可省略 千位数 1-9数字 + thousand (单数) + 其余部分 1,001: one thousand and one 4,560: four thousand five hundred and sixty 构成方式同百位数，单位换为 thousand 万以上的较大数字 从右向左，每三位用一个逗号分隔，单位依次为：thousand (千)， million (百万)， billion (十亿) 12,345: twelve thousand, three hundred and forty-five 5,000,000: five million 每个逗号隔开的部分单独按“几百几十几”读，后加单位 注意：hundred, thousand, million, billion 前有具体数字时，用单数；表示约数“成百上千”时，用复数 hundreds/thousands/millions of （三）序数词的构成 构成类型 规则 示例 (基数词 → 序数词) 补充说明 基本规则 在基数词后直接加 -th four → fourth, six → sixth, ten → tenth 特殊记忆 词形完全不同 one → first, two → second, three → third 必须逐个背熟 以 -ve 结尾 变 -ve 为 -f，再加 -th five → fifth, twelve → twelfth 以 -t 结尾 直接加 -h eight → eighth 以 -e 结尾 去 -e，再加 -th nine → ninth 以 -ty 结尾的整十数 变 -y 为 -ie，再加 -th twenty → twentieth forty → fortieth ninety → ninetieth 注意 forty 的拼写 多位数（非整十） 仅个位数变为序数词，其余部分用基数词 twenty-one → twenty-first thirty-two → thirty-second one hundred and fifty-six → one hundred and fifty-sixth 这是常考点 注意：序数词前通常要加定冠词 the（如 the first lesson） 但当前面有物主代词或名词所有格时，不加 the（如 my first car） 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) （一）单项选择 (共15题) 1. My cousin will have his ________ birthday party next Friday. A. twenty B. twentieth C. the twentieth D. twenty's 2. Every year, ________ tourists come to visit the Great Wall. A. two millions B. two million of C. millions of D. two million 3. The teacher asked us to write a ________ composition. A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundred-words C. two hundreds word D. two hundreds words 4. —Which lesson is the most difficult in this book? —I think it's ________. A. Lesson Ninth B. Lesson Nine C. Ninth Lesson D. the Lesson Nine 5. About ________ of the earth's surface is covered by water. A. three-fourth B. three-fourths C. third-fourths D. third-fourth 6. The ________ month of a year is September. A. nine B. nineth C. ninth D. the ninth 7. He joined the army in ________. A. 1990s B. the 1990s C. 1990's D. the 1990 8. We have learned ________ English words so far. A. five hundred and forty-five B. five hundreds and forty-five C. five hundred, forty-five D. five hundreds forty-five 9. Please read the text from ________ line. A. the five B. fifth C. the fifth D. five 10. She lives in ________ building. Her room is on the ________ floor. A. a 8-story; 12 B. an 8-stories; 12th C. an 8-story; twelfth D. a 8-storied; twelfth 11. The ________ seat from the left is mine. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third 12. ________ of the workers in this factory are young people. A. Two-third B. Two-thirds C. Second-third D. Second-thirds 13. The city has a population of over ________. A. five millions B. five million C. five millions people D. five million people 14. He won the ________ prize in the competition. A. one B. first C. the one D. the first 15. It's ________ kilometer from my home to school. A. half a B. a half C. half D. a half of （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 (共10题) 1. My sister is in her ________ (three) year at university. 2. The old man will celebrate his ________ (ninety) birthday tomorrow. 3. The ________ (five) question is about Chinese history. 4. The company was founded in the late ________ (twenty) century. 5. I've told you ________ (hundred) of times to be careful! 6. The bridge is about eight hundred ________ (meter) long. 7. She is the ________ (one) in her family to go to college. 8. The book costs ________ (twenty) yuan. 9. Turn left at the ________ (four) crossing, and you'll see the bank. 10. The ________ (twelve) student on the list is from Canada. （三）句子翻译/改错 (共5题) 1. 我的电话号码是六五零八四二九七 (写出英文数字串) 2.今天是六月一日，儿童节。 3.找出错误并改正：About three hundreds students took part in the activity. 4.找出错误并改正：Two fifth of the apples are red. 5. 找出错误并改正：This is my the first time to visit Shanghai. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Home （基数词和序数词） (语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）概念 1 （二）基数词的构成 1 （三）序数词的构成 2 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) 3 （一）单项选择 (共15题) 3 （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 (共10题) 4 （三）句子翻译/改错 (共5题) 4 一、语法讲解 （一）概念 基数词：表示数量“多少” 序数词：表示顺序“第几” （二）基数词的构成 数字范围 构成规则 示例 补充说明 0 - 12 独立单词，无规律 zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 需逐个记忆 13 - 19 个位数词干 + -teen thirteen, fifteen, eighteen 注意 thirteen, fifteen, eighteen 的拼写变化 20 - 90 (整十) 个位数词干 + -ty twenty, forty, fifty, eighty 注意 twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty 的拼写 21 - 99 (非整十) 整十数 + 连字符 - + 个位数 twenty-one, thirty-five, ninety-nine 中间必须有连字符 百位数 1-9数字 + hundred (单数) + (and) + 末两位数 200: two hundred 305: three hundred and five 888: eight hundred and eighty-eight 1. hundred 用单数 2. 英式英语中，and 通常不可省略 千位数 1-9数字 + thousand (单数) + 其余部分 1,001: one thousand and one 4,560: four thousand five hundred and sixty 构成方式同百位数，单位换为 thousand 万以上的较大数字 从右向左，每三位用一个逗号分隔，单位依次为：thousand (千)， million (百万)， billion (十亿) 12,345: twelve thousand, three hundred and forty-five 5,000,000: five million 每个逗号隔开的部分单独按“几百几十几”读，后加单位 注意：hundred, thousand, million, billion 前有具体数字时，用单数；表示约数“成百上千”时，用复数 hundreds/thousands/millions of （三）序数词的构成 构成类型 规则 示例 (基数词 → 序数词) 补充说明 基本规则 在基数词后直接加 -th four → fourth, six → sixth, ten → tenth 特殊记忆 词形完全不同 one → first, two → second, three → third 必须逐个背熟 以 -ve 结尾 变 -ve 为 -f，再加 -th five → fifth, twelve → twelfth 以 -t 结尾 直接加 -h eight → eighth 以 -e 结尾 去 -e，再加 -th nine → ninth 以 -ty 结尾的整十数 变 -y 为 -ie，再加 -th twenty → twentieth forty → fortieth ninety → ninetieth 注意 forty 的拼写 多位数（非整十） 仅个位数变为序数词，其余部分用基数词 twenty-one → twenty-first thirty-two → thirty-second one hundred and fifty-six → one hundred and fifty-sixth 这是常考点 注意：序数词前通常要加定冠词 the（如 the first lesson） 但当前面有物主代词或名词所有格时，不加 the（如 my first car） 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) （一）单项选择 (共15题) 1. My cousin will have his ________ birthday party next Friday. A. twenty B. twentieth C. the twentieth D. twenty's 2. Every year, ________ tourists come to visit the Great Wall. A. two millions B. two million of C. millions of D. two million 3. The teacher asked us to write a ________ composition. A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundred-words C. two hundreds word D. two hundreds words 4. —Which lesson is the most difficult in this book? —I think it's ________. A. Lesson Ninth B. Lesson Nine C. Ninth Lesson D. the Lesson Nine 5. About ________ of the earth's surface is covered by water. A. three-fourth B. three-fourths C. third-fourths D. third-fourth 6. The ________ month of a year is September. A. nine B. nineth C. ninth D. the ninth 7. He joined the army in ________. A. 1990s B. the 1990s C. 1990's D. the 1990 8. We have learned ________ English words so far. A. five hundred and forty-five B. five hundreds and forty-five C. five hundred, forty-five D. five hundreds forty-five 9. Please read the text from ________ line. A. the five B. fifth C. the fifth D. five 10. She lives in ________ building. Her room is on the ________ floor. A. a 8-story; 12 B. an 8-stories; 12th C. an 8-story; twelfth D. a 8-storied; twelfth 11. The ________ seat from the left is mine. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third 12. ________ of the workers in this factory are young people. A. Two-third B. Two-thirds C. Second-third D. Second-thirds 13. The city has a population of over ________. A. five millions B. five million C. five millions people D. five million people 14. He won the ________ prize in the competition. A. one B. first C. the one D. the first 15. It's ________ kilometer from my home to school. A. half a B. a half C. half D. a half of （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 (共10题) 1. My sister is in her ________ (three) year at university. 2. The old man will celebrate his ________ (ninety) birthday tomorrow. 3. The ________ (five) question is about Chinese history. 4. The company was founded in the late ________ (twenty) century. 5. I've told you ________ (hundred) of times to be careful! 6. The bridge is about eight hundred ________ (meter) long. 7. She is the ________ (one) in her family to go to college. 8. The book costs ________ (twenty) yuan. 9. Turn left at the ________ (four) crossing, and you'll see the bank. 10. The ________ (twelve) student on the list is from Canada. （三）句子翻译/改错 (共5题) 1. 我的电话号码是六五零八四二九七 (写出英文数字串) 2.今天是六月一日，儿童节。 3.找出错误并改正：About three hundreds students took part in the activity. 4.找出错误并改正：Two fifth of the apples are red. 5. 找出错误并改正：This is my the first time to visit Shanghai. 答案与解析 一、单项选择 1. B 生日用序数词，前面有物主代词 his，不加 the 2. C 表示约数“数百万的”，用 millions of 3. A 复合形容词作定语，其中的名词用单数，且各部分用连字符连接 4. B 编号的表达，常用“名词 + 基数词”（如 Lesson Nine），且首字母大写 5. B 分数表达，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1时，分母序数词用复数 three-fourths 6. C 月份顺序用序数词，nine 的序数词是 ninth 7. B “在20世纪90年代”用 in the 1990s 8. A 基数词 545 的正确表达为 five hundred and forty-five 9. C “第五行”是特指顺序，用 the fifth line 10. C 8-story 作定语用单数且8（eight）以元音开头，用 an；楼层用序数词 twelfth 11. D 特指“左边的第三个座位”，用 the third 12. B 分数表达，三分之二为 two-thirds 13. B population 后直接跟数字，million 前有具体数字用单数 14. B 获奖名次前通常不加 the 15. A “半公里”的固定表达为 half a kilometer 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. third “第三年”用序数词 2. ninetieth 九十岁生日用序数词 3. fifth five 的序数词，注意 ve 变 f 4. twentieth “第二十世纪”用序数词 5. hundreds hundreds of 是固定短语 6. meters 八百米，meter 用复数 7. first one 的序数词 8. twenty 价格用基数词 9. fourth four 的序数词 10. twelfth twelve 的序数词，注意 ve 变 f 三、句子翻译/改错 1. My telephone number is six five zero eight four two nine seven. 2. Today is June 1st (the first), Children's Day. 3. three hundreds → three hundred 具体数字后 hundred 用单数 4. Two fifth → Two fifths 分子大于1，分母用复数 5. 去掉 the 序数词前有物主代词 my，不加 the 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $