内容正文:
冀教版七年级下册 Unit 1 单词表
教师备课材料
1. silk
词性:名词
词义:丝绸,丝织品
近义词:fabric, cloth
词性转换:silky(形容词,丝滑的)
常见搭配:silk road(丝绸之路),pure silk(真丝)
例句:Her silk scarf feels very smooth.(她的丝巾摸起来很光滑。)
练习
1. The ______ dress shone under the light. (silky/silk)
答案:silky
解析:此处需要形容词修饰名词dress,silky意为“丝绸般的”。
2. This traditional craft uses ______. (silk/silky)
答案:silk
解析:此处需要名词作宾语,silk指“丝绸”材料。
2. term
词性:名词
词义:学期;术语;条款
近义词:semester, word, condition
词性转换:terminate(动词,终止),terminal(形容词,终端的)
常见搭配:school term(学期),in the long term(长期来看)
例句:The new term starts in September.(新学期九月开始。)
练习
1. They decided to ______ the contract. (terminate/term)
答案:terminate
解析:动词不定式后需接动词原形,意为“终止合同”。
2. This is a ______ illness. (terminal/term)
答案:terminal
解析:此处需要形容词修饰illness,terminal意为“晚期的”。
3. along
词性:介词/副词
词义:沿着;一起
近义词:beside, together
反义词:across(横穿)
词性转换:无常用转换
常见搭配:walk along(沿着走),come along(一起来)
例句:Trees were planted along the road.(沿途种了树。)
练习
1. She asked me to go ______. (along/alone)
答案:along
解析:go along为固定短语,意为“一起去”。
2. The path runs ______ the river. (along/across)
答案:along
解析:表示“沿着河流”延伸,用介词along。
4. lead
词性:动词/名词
词义:带领;领先;铅
近义词:guide, direct
反义词:follow(跟随)
词性转换:leader(名词,领导者),leading(形容词,主要的)
常见搭配:lead to(导致),take the lead(带头)
例句:Hard work leads to success.(努力带来成功。)
练习
1. She is a natural ______. (lead/leader)
答案:leader
解析:不定冠词a后需接名词,指“领导者”。
2. This is a ______ cause of the problem. (leading/lead)
答案:leading
解析:此处需要形容词修饰cause,leading意为“主要的”。
5. trip
词性:名词/动词
词义:旅行;绊倒
近义词:journey, tour
反义词:stay(停留)
词性转换:tripper(名词,短途旅行者)
常见搭配:school trip(学校旅行),trip over(绊倒)
例句:We are planning a trip to the museum.(我们计划去博物馆旅行。)
练习
1. The ______ enjoyed the seaside very much. (trip/tripper)
答案:tripper
解析:定冠词The后需接名词,指“旅行者”。
2. Be careful not to ______. (trip/tripper)
答案:trip
解析:不定式to后需接动词原形,trip在此作动词,意为“绊倒”。
6. note
词性:名词/动词
词义:笔记;音符;注意
近义词:record, notice
反义词:ignore(忽视)
词性转换:notebook(名词,笔记本),noted(形容词,著名的)
常见搭配:take notes(记笔记),note down(记下)
例句:Please note the important points.(请注意重点。)
练习
1. She bought a new ______. (note/notebook)
答案:notebook
解析:此处需要名词作宾语,指“笔记本”。
2. He is a ______ writer. (noted/note)
答案:noted
解析:此处需要形容词修饰writer,noted意为“著名的”。
7. chance
词性:名词
词义:机会;可能性
近义词:opportunity, possibility
反义词:certainty(必然)
词性转换:chancy(形容词,冒险的)
常见搭配:by chance(偶然),have a chance(有机会)
例句:This is a good chance to learn English.(这是学英语的好机会。)
练习
1. The plan is a bit ______. (chance/chancy)
答案:chancy
解析:此处需要形容词作表语,chancy意为“有风险的”。
2. I met her ______ yesterday. (chancy/by chance)
答案:by chance
解析:固定搭配by chance作状语,意为“偶然地”。
8. news
词性:名词(不可数)
词义:新闻,消息
近义词:information, report
词性转换:newspaper(名词,报纸)
常见搭配:good news(好消息),news report(新闻报道)
例句:The news surprised everyone.(这消息让所有人惊讶。)
练习
1. Father reads the ______ every morning. (news/newspaper)
答案:newspaper
解析:此处需要可数名词,指具体的“报纸”。
2. What’s the latest ______? (newspaper/news)
答案:news
解析:此处需要不可数名词,指“新闻/消息”。
9. classmate
词性:名词
词义:同班同学
近义词:schoolmate
词性转换:class(名词,班级),mate(名词,伙伴)
常见搭配:old classmate(老同学)
例句:My classmate helped me with my homework.(我同学帮我做作业。)
练习
1. We have a big ______ this year. (classmate/class)
答案:class
解析:此处指“班级”这个整体,用名词class。
2. They have been good ______ since childhood. (class/mates)
答案:mates
解析:此处指“伙伴”,用名词mates。
10. start
词性:动词/名词
词义:开始;出发
近义词:begin, commence
反义词:end(结束),finish(完成)
词性转换:starter(名词,起动器),starting(形容词,开始的)
常见搭配:start with(以…开始),at the start(一开始)
例句:Let’s start the meeting now.(我们现在开始开会吧。)
练习
1. The car ______ didn’t work. (start/starter)
答案:starter
解析:此处需要名词作主语,指汽车的“起动器”。
2. This is the ______ point. (starting/start)
答案:starting
解析:此处需要形容词修饰point,starting意为“起始的”。
11. warrior
词性:名词
词义:战士,勇士
近义词:fighter, soldier
反义词:coward(懦夫)
词性转换:war(名词,战争)
常见搭配:brave warrior(勇敢的战士)
例句:The warrior fought for his country.(战士为祖国而战。)
练习
1. The ______ between the two countries lasted for years. (warrior/war)
答案:war
解析:此处需要名词,指“战争”。
2. She has a ______ spirit. (warrior/warlike)
答案:warlike
解析:此处需要形容词修饰spirit,warlike意为“好战的”。
12. dream
词性:名词/动词
词义:梦;梦想
近义词:fantasy, ambition
反义词:reality(现实)
词性转换:dreamer(名词,做梦者),dreamy(形容词,梦幻的)
常见搭配:dream of(梦想),have a dream(做一个梦)
例句:I dream of becoming a pilot.(我梦想成为飞行员。)
练习
1. He is a ______ who never gives up. (dream/dreamer)
答案:dreamer
解析:不定冠词a后需接名词,指“梦想家”。
2. The music gave her a ______ feeling. (dreamy/dream)
答案:dreamy
解析:此处需要形容词修饰feeling,dreamy意为“梦幻的”。
13. forward
词性:副词/形容词
词义:向前;前锋的
近义词:ahead, onward
反义词:backward(向后)
词性转换:forwards(副词,向前)
常见搭配:look forward to(期待),move forward(前进)
例句:Please move forward a little.(请向前移动一点。)
练习
1. He took a step ______. (forward/forwards)
答案:forward 或 forwards
解析:两者作副词时可互换,意为“向前”。
2. She is a ______ thinker. (forward/forwards)
答案:forward
解析:此处需要形容词修饰thinker,forward意为“前卫的”。
14. cave
词性:名词
词义:洞穴
近义词:cavern, hole
词性转换:cavern(名词,大洞穴)
常见搭配:cave painting(洞穴壁画),explore a cave(探索洞穴)
例句:They found ancient tools in the cave.(他们在洞穴里发现了古代工具。)
练习
1. The ______ was very deep and dark. (cave/cavern)
答案:cave 或 cavern
解析:两者作名词均可,指“洞穴”。
2. The ______ system is huge. (cave/cavernous)
答案:cavernous
解析:此处需要形容词修饰system,cavernous意为“似洞穴般巨大幽深的”。
15. painting
词性:名词
词义:绘画;油画
近义词:drawing, picture
词性转换:paint(动词/名词,绘画/油漆),painter(名词,画家)
常见搭配:oil painting(油画),painting brush(画笔)
例句:This painting shows a beautiful landscape.(这幅画展现了一幅美丽的风景。)
练习
1. We need to ______ the wall white. (paint/painting)
答案:paint
解析:不定式to后需接动词原形,paint意为“粉刷”。
2. Van Gogh was a great ______. (painter/painting)
答案:painter
解析:不定冠词a后需接名词,指“画家”。
16. enough
词性:形容词/副词
词义:足够的(地)
近义词:sufficient, adequate
反义词:insufficient(不足的)
常见搭配:good enough(足够好),enough time(足够的时间)
例句:We have enough food for everyone.(我们有足够的食物给大家。)
练习
1. Is the water warm ______? (enough/enoughly)
答案:enough
解析:enough作副词修饰形容词warm时,需后置。
2. There wasn’t ______ evidence. (enough/sufficiently)
答案:enough
解析:此处需要形容词修饰不可数名词evidence,enough意为“足够的”。
17. part
词性:名词/动词
词义:部分;分开
近义词:section, portion
反义词:whole(整体)
词性转换:partly(副词,部分地),partial(形容词,部分的)
常见搭配:part of(一部分),take part in(参加)
例句:Which part of the story do you like best?(你最喜欢故事的哪部分?)
练习
1. The project was ______ successful. (part/partly)
答案:partly
解析:此处需要副词修饰形容词successful,partly意为“部分地”。
2. She has a ______ view of the problem. (part/partial)
答案:partial
解析:此处需要形容词修饰view,partial意为“片面的”。
18. drum
词性:名词/动词
词义:鼓;击鼓
词性转换:drummer(名词,鼓手)
常见搭配:play the drum(打鼓),drumstick(鼓槌)
例句:He can play the drum very well.(他打鼓打得很好。)
练习
1. The band needs a new ______. (drum/drummer)
答案:drummer
解析:不定冠词a后需接名词,指“鼓手”。
2. She ______ her fingers on the table. (drummed/drum)
答案:drummed
解析:此处需要动词过去式作谓语,drum意为“敲击”。
19. tower
词性:名词/动词
词义:塔;高耸
近义词:steeple
词性转换:towering(形容词,高耸的)
常见搭配:clock tower(钟楼),tower over(比…高得多)
例句:The ancient tower is over 100 meters tall.(这座古塔有100多米高。)
练习
1. The ______ skyscrapers are impressive. (tower/towering)
答案:towering
解析:此处需要形容词修饰skyscrapers,towering意为“高耸的”。
2. He ______ above his classmates in height. (towers/tower)
答案:towers
解析:此处需要动词第三人称单数作谓语,tower意为“远高于”。
20. bell
词性:名词
词义:铃,钟
近义词:chime
词性转换:bell-shaped(形容词,钟形的)
常见搭配:ring a bell(按铃;听起来熟悉),school bell(上课铃)
例句:The bell rings at 8 o’clock for class.(上课铃在八点响起。)
练习
1. The flower has a ______ form. (bell/bell-shaped)
答案:bell-shaped
解析:此处需要形容词修饰form,bell-shaped意为“钟形的”。
2. Does the name ______? (bell/bell-shaped)
答案:ring a bell
解析:此为固定搭配ring a bell,意为“听起来耳熟”。
21. later
词性:副词/形容词
词义:后来;更晚的
近义词:afterwards
反义词:earlier(更早的)
词性转换:late(形容词,迟的),latest(形容词,最新的)
常见搭配:see you later(回头见),later on(稍后)
例句:I will finish my homework later.(我稍后会完成作业。)
练习
1. He is often ______ for school. (late/later)
答案:late
解析:此处需要形容词作表语,late意为“迟到的”。
2. Have you heard the ______ news? (later/latest)
答案:latest
解析:此处需要形容词修饰news,latest意为“最新的”。
22. wild
词性:形容词
词义:野生的;狂野的
近义词:untamed, fierce
反义词:tame(驯服的),calm(平静的)
词性转换:wildlife(名词,野生动物),wildly(副词,疯狂地)
常见搭配:wild animal(野生动物),wild guess(胡乱猜测)
例句:Tigers are wild animals.(老虎是野生动物。)
练习
1. We should protect ______. (wild/wildlife)
答案:wildlife
解析:此处需要名词作宾语,wildlife意为“野生动植物”。
2. The crowd cheered ______. (wild/wildly)
答案:wildly
解析:此处需要副词修饰动词cheered,wildly意为“狂热地”。
23. goose (pl. geese)
词性:名词
词义:鹅
词性转换:goosebumps(名词,鸡皮疙瘩)
常见搭配:a flock of geese(一群鹅)
例句:The geese are flying south for the winter.(鹅正飞往南方过冬。)
练习
1. I got ______ when I felt cold. (goose/goosebumps)
答案:goosebumps
解析:此处需要名词作宾语,goosebumps是固定搭配,指“鸡皮疙瘩”。
2. Look at those ______! (goose/geese)
答案:geese
解析:指示代词those后需接复数名词,goose的复数形式为geese。
24. pagoda
词性:名词
词义:(东方)宝塔
近义词:tower
反义词:无直接反义词
词性转换:无常用转换
常见搭配:ancient pagoda(古塔)
例句:There is a famous pagoda on the hill.(山上有座著名的宝塔。)
练习
1. The ______ is a symbol of ancient culture. (pagoda/pagodas)
答案:pagoda
解析:此处需要单数名词作主语。
2. Many ______ were built in the Tang Dynasty. (pagoda/pagodas)
答案:pagodas
解析:Many后需接复数名词。
25. delicious
词性:形容词
词义:美味的,可口的
近义词:tasty, yummy
反义词:disgusting(令人恶心的)
词性转换:deliciously(副词,美味地)
常见搭配:delicious food(美食),smell delicious(闻起来香)
例句:The cake tastes delicious.(这蛋糕尝起来很好吃。)
练习
1. The meal was ______ cooked. (delicious/deliciously)
答案:deliciously
解析:此处需要副词修饰动词cooked,deliciously意为“美味地烹制”。
2. What a ______ smell! (delicious/deliciously)
答案:delicious
解析:此处需要形容词修饰名词smell。
26. dish
词性:名词
词义:碟子;一道菜
近义词:plate, course
词性转换:dishwasher(名词,洗碗机),dishy(形容词,有魅力的-非正式)
常见搭配:do the dishes(洗碗),main dish(主菜)
例句:This dish is a local specialty.(这道菜是当地特色。)
练习
1. We need a new ______. (dish/dishwasher)
答案:dishwasher
解析:不定冠词a后需接名词,此处指“洗碗机”。
2. The actor is quite ______. (dish/dishy)
答案:dishy
解析:此处需要形容词作表语,dishy为俚语,意为“英俊的”。
27. bridge
词性:名词/动词
词义:桥;弥合
近义词:viaduct
反义词:gap(鸿沟)
词性转换:bridging(形容词,过渡的)
常见搭配:build a bridge(建桥),bridge the gap(缩小差距)
例句:The old bridge was built 200 years ago.(这座古桥建于200年前。)
练习
1. This is a ______ course for beginners. (bridge/bridging)
答案:bridging
解析:此处需要形容词修饰course,bridging意为“过渡的”。
2. We must ______ our differences. (bridge/bridging)
答案:bridge
解析:情态动词must后需接动词原形,bridge作动词,意为“弥合”。
28. main
词性:形容词
词义:主要的
近义词:major, primary
反义词:minor(次要的)
词性转换:mainly(副词,主要地)
常见搭配:main idea(主旨),main street(主街)
例句:What is the main reason for your decision?(你决定的主要原因是什么?)
练习
1. The audience was ______ young people. (main/mainly)
答案:mainly
解析:此处需要副词修饰表语young people,mainly意为“主要地”。
2. Turn left at the ______ road. (main/mainly)
答案:main
解析:此处需要形容词修饰road,main意为“主要的”。
29. discover
词性:动词
词义:发现
近义词:find, uncover
反义词:hide(隐藏),conceal(隐瞒)
词性转换:discovery(名词,发现),discoverer(名词,发现者)
常见搭配:discover the truth(发现真相)
例句:Scientists discovered a new planet.(科学家发现了一颗新行星。)
练习
1. The ______ of America changed the world. (discover/discovery)
答案:discovery
解析:定冠词The后需接名词,discovery意为“发现”。
2. Columbus was the ______. (discover/discoverer)
答案:discoverer
解析:定冠词the后需接名词,discoverer意为“发现者”。
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