Unit 5 单元单词表词汇备课 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）七年级英语下册

沪教五四制七年级下册 Unit 5 单词表 教师备课材料 1. wild 词性：形容词/名词 词义：adj. 野生的；野蛮的；狂热的 n. 荒野（the wild） 近义词：untamed, natural (adj.); wilderness (n.) 反义词：domesticated, tame (adj.) 词性转换：wildly (adv.), wildness (n.) 常见搭配：wild animal (野生动物), go wild (变得狂热) 例句： Wolves are wild animals that live in forests. (狼是生活在森林里的野生动物。) The audience went wild when the band came on stage. (乐队上台时，观众变得狂热起来。) 1. The crowd cheered ________ (wild) for their team. (答案：wildly；解析：此处修饰动词“cheered”，需用副词，意为“狂热地”。) 2. There is a certain beauty in the ________ (wild) of the mountain landscape. (答案：wildness；解析：定冠词“the”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“原始状态，荒野”。) 2. wildlife 词性：名词（不可数） 词义：野生动物；野生生物 近义词：fauna, animals 反义词：domestic animals 词性转换：wildlife conservation (野生动物保护) 常见搭配：protect wildlife (保护野生动物), wildlife park (野生动物园) 例句： The national park is home to abundant wildlife. (这个国家公园是大量野生动物的家园。) Pollution is a major threat to wildlife. (污染是对野生动物的主要威胁。) （此词为复合名词，通常无词性转换，练习考察其核心词“wild”的转换。） 1. It’s ________ (wildlife) to think that we can solve this problem overnight. (答案：wild；解析：系动词“is”后需用形容词作表语，此处“wild”引申为“不切实际的”。) 2. The children were running ________ (wildlife) around the playground. (答案：wildly；解析：此处修饰动词“running”，需用副词，意为“疯狂地，无拘无束地”。) 3. giant 词性：形容词/名词 词义：adj. 巨大的；伟大的 n. 巨人；伟人 近义词：huge, enormous (adj.) 反义词：tiny, miniature (adj.) 词性转换：giant panda (大熊猫), giantsized (adj.) 常见搭配：giant step (巨大的一步), industrial giant (工业巨头) 例句： They saw a giant redwood tree in the forest. (他们在森林里看到了一棵巨大的红杉。) He is a giant in the field of science. (他是科学领域的巨人。) 1. The story is about a friendly ________ (giant) who lives in the clouds. (答案：giant；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“friendly”后需用名词，意为“巨人”。) 2. We need ________ (giant) efforts to tackle climate change. (答案：giant；解析：此处修饰名词“efforts”，需用形容词，意为“巨大的”。) 4. bamboo 词性：名词 词义：竹子 词性转换：bamboo shoot (竹笋) 常见搭配：bamboo forest (竹林), bamboo furniture (竹制家具) 例句： Pandas mainly eat bamboo. (大熊猫主要吃竹子。) The house was built with bamboo. (这所房子是用竹子建造的。) 1. The table is made of woven ________ (bamboo). (答案：bamboo；解析：介词“of”后需用名词，意为“竹子材料”。) 2. ________ (Bamboo) grows very quickly in warm climates. (答案：Bamboo；解析：作句子主语，指“竹子”这种植物，不可数名词用单数。) 5. central 词性：形容词 词义：中心的；中央的；主要的 近义词：middle, main, key 反义词：local, peripheral, minor 词性转换：center (n./v.), centralize (v.) 常见搭配：central government (中央政府), central idea (中心思想) 例句： The hotel is in a central location, close to all the sights. (酒店位于中心位置，靠近所有景点。) This point is central to our argument. (这一点是我们论点的核心。) 1. The town ________ (central) is always busy on market days. (答案：center；解析：作句子主语，需用名词，意为“中心区”。) 2. The company decided to ________ (central) its operations in one office. (答案：centralize；解析：“to”后需用动词原形构成不定式，意为“使集中”。) 6. western 词性：形容词/名词 词义：adj. 西部的；西方的 n. 西部电影/小说；西方人 近义词：west, occidental 反义词：eastern 词性转换：west (n./adj.), westernize (v.) 常见搭配：western culture (西方文化), western food (西餐) 例句： He comes from the western part of the country. (他来自该国的西部。) My grandfather loves watching old westerns. (我祖父喜欢看老西部片。) 1. The sun sets in the ________ (western). (答案：west；解析：定冠词“the”后需用名词，意为“西方”。) 2. Some cultures have become ________ (western) due to globalization. (答案：westernized；解析：系动词“have become”后需用形容词作表语，意为“西化的”。) 7. trunk 词性：名词 词义：树干；象鼻；大衣箱；汽车后备箱 近义词：stem (树干), proboscis (象鼻) 反义词：branch (树枝) 常见搭配：tree trunk (树干), elephant's trunk (象鼻) 例句： The trunk of this old oak tree is very thick. (这棵老橡树的树干非常粗。) Put the luggage in the trunk of the car. (把行李放在汽车后备箱里。) （此词无典型词性转换，练习考察其不同含义。） 1. The elephant used its ________ (trunk) to pick up the peanut. (答案：trunk；解析：物主代词“its”后需用名词，此处指“象鼻”。) 2. We packed our winter clothes into a large ________ (trunk). (答案：trunk；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“large”后需用名词，此处指“大箱子”。) 8. whale 词性：名词 词义：鲸 近义词：cetacean 反义词： 词性转换：whaling (n. 捕鲸), whalebone (n. 鲸须) 常见搭配：blue whale (蓝鲸), whale watching (观鲸) 例句： The whale is the largest mammal in the world. (鲸是世界上最大的哺乳动物。) We went on a boat trip to see the whales. (我们乘船旅行去看鲸鱼。) 1. International agreements have largely banned commercial ________ (whale). (答案：whaling；解析：动词“banned”后需用名词作宾语，意为“捕鲸业/活动”。) 2. The ________ (whale) population is slowly recovering. (答案：whale；解析：此处修饰名词“population”，需用名词作定语，意为“鲸的”。) 9. almost 词性：副词 词义：几乎；差不多 近义词：nearly, practically 反义词：exactly, completely 词性转换： 常见搭配：almost all (几乎所有), almost never (几乎从不) 例句： The movie is almost two hours long. (这部电影差不多有两个小时长。) I almost forgot your birthday. (我差点忘了你的生日。) 1. ________ (Almost) students in the class passed the exam. (答案：Almost all / Most；解析：根据句意，“班里几乎所有的/大多数学生都通过了考试”，可用“Almost all”或直接“Most”。) 2. He spends ________ (almost) of his free time reading. (答案：most；解析：“most of”为固定搭配，意为“……的大部分”。) 10. kangaroo 词性：名词 词义：袋鼠 近义词：roo (口语) 词性转换：kangaroo court (私设的公堂；非正规法庭) 常见搭配：kangaroo mother care (袋鼠式护理), kangaroo rat (更格卢鼠) 例句： Kangaroos are native to Australia. (袋鼠原产于澳大利亚。) A baby kangaroo is called a joey. (小袋鼠叫做“幼袋鼠”。) 1. We saw several ________ (kangaroo) hopping in the field. (答案：kangaroos；解析：“several”后接可数名词复数。) 2. The ________ (kangaroo) tail helps it balance when hopping. (答案：kangaroo's；解析：此处表示“袋鼠的尾巴”，需用名词所有格形式。) 11. balance 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 平衡；余额 v. 使平衡；权衡 近义词：equilibrium, stability (n.); stabilize (v.) 反义词：imbalance (n.) 词性转换：balanced (adj.), imbalance (n.) 常见搭配：keep/lose one's balance (保持/失去平衡), bank balance (银行余额) 例句： It's important to keep a balance between work and life. (保持工作与生活的平衡很重要。) She can balance a book on her head. (她能把一本书平衡地顶在头上。) 1. A ________ (balance) diet includes fruits, vegetables, and proteins. (答案：balanced；解析：此处修饰名词“diet”，需用形容词，意为“均衡的”。) 2. There is a huge economic ________ (balance) between the rich and the poor. (答案：imbalance；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“huge economic”后需用名词，意为“不平衡”。) 12. dangerous 词性：形容词 词义：危险的 近义词：risky, hazardous 反义词：safe, harmless 词性转换：danger (n.), dangerously (adv.) 常见搭配：dangerous situation (危险处境), dangerous driving (危险驾驶) 例句： It's dangerous to walk alone at night in this area. (在这个地区夜间独自行走是危险的。) The chemicals are highly dangerous. (这些化学品高度危险。) 1. The climbers were in great ________ (dangerous) during the storm. (答案：danger；解析：介词“in”后需用名词，意为“处于危险中”。) 2. He was driving ________ (dangerous) fast on the wet road. (答案：dangerously；解析：此处修饰形容词“fast”，需用副词，意为“危险地”。) 13. land 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 陆地；土地；国家 v. 着陆；降落；使陷入 近义词：ground, earth (n.); arrive, touch down (v.) 反义词：sea, water (n.); take off (v.) 词性转换：landing (n.), landlady/landlord (n.) 常见搭配：on land (在陆地上), land a job (找到一份工作) 例句： After weeks at sea, they were happy to see land. (在海上待了几周后，他们很高兴看到陆地。) The plane will land in ten minutes. (飞机将在十分钟后降落。) 1. The plane made a smooth ________ (land) despite the fog. (答案：landing；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“smooth”后需用名词，意为“着陆”。) 2. Our ________ (land) is very strict about noise after 10 p.m. (答案：landlord/landlady；解析：根据上下文，指“房东”。) 14. gentle 词性：形容词 词义：温和的；轻柔的；文雅的 近义词：mild, soft, kind 反义词：rough, harsh, violent 词性转换：gently (adv.), gentleness (n.) 常见搭配：gentle breeze (微风), gentle slope (缓坡) 例句： She has a very gentle manner with children. (她对孩子们态度非常温和。) Use a gentle shampoo for sensitive skin. (使用温和的洗发水来应对敏感皮肤。) 1. She stroked the kitten ________ (gentle). (答案：gently；解析：此处修饰动词“stroked”，需用副词，意为“温柔地”。) 2. His ________ (gentle) made him a good nurse. (答案：gentleness；解析：形容词性物主代词“His”作主语，需用名词，意为“温和，温柔”。) 15. wing 词性：名词 词义：翅膀；机翼；侧厅 近义词： 反义词： 词性转换：winged (adj.), winger (n. 边锋) 常见搭配：chicken wings (鸡翅), on the wing (在飞行中) 例句： The bird spread its wings and flew away. (鸟儿展开翅膀飞走了。) The new wing of the hospital will open next year. (医院的新侧楼将于明年开放。) 1. In Greek mythology, Cupid is often depicted as a ________ (wing) boy. (答案：winged；解析：此处修饰名词“boy”，需用形容词，意为“有翅膀的”。) 2. The football team's left ________ (wing) scored the winning goal. (答案：winger；解析：定冠词“the”和形容词“left”后需用名词，指“左边锋”。) 16. rather 词性：副词 词义：相当；宁可；更确切地说 近义词：quite, fairly, preferably 反义词：slightly 词性转换： 常见搭配：would rather (宁愿), rather than (而不是) 例句： It's rather cold today, isn't it? (今天相当冷，不是吗？) I would rather stay home than go out in the rain. (我宁愿待在家里也不愿冒雨出门。) 1. I ________ (rather) have tea ________ coffee. (答案：would rather … than；解析：固定搭配，表示“宁愿……而不愿……”。) 2. He is ________ (rather) a writer ________ a teacher. (答案：rather … than；解析：固定搭配，表示“与其说是……不如说是……”。) 17. cage 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 笼子 v. 把……关进笼子 近义词：enclosure, pen (n.) 反义词：free, release (v.) 词性转换：caged (adj.) 常见搭配：bird cage (鸟笼), cage match (笼斗比赛) 例句： The tiger paced back and forth in its cage. (老虎在笼子里来回踱步。) It's cruel to cage wild animals. (把野生动物关在笼子里是残忍的。) 1. The ________ (cage) bird longed for freedom. (答案：caged；解析：此处修饰名词“bird”，需用过去分词形式作形容词，意为“被关在笼子里的”。) 2. Seeing the animals in ________ (cage) made her sad. (答案：cages；解析：介词“in”后需用名词，此处泛指“笼子”，常用复数。) 18. penguin 词性：名词 词义：企鹅 常见搭配：emperor penguin (帝企鹅) 例句： Penguins cannot fly, but they are excellent swimmers. (企鹅不会飞，但它们是游泳健将。) We saw a colony of penguins in Antarctica. (我们在南极洲看到了一个企鹅群落。) 1. The ________ (penguin) waddled awkwardly on the ice. (答案：penguins；解析：作句子主语，指“多只企鹅”。) 2. The ________ (penguin) habitat is threatened by climate change. (答案：penguin；解析：此处修饰名词“habitat”，需用名词作定语，意为“企鹅的”。) 19. themselves 词性：代词 (反身代词) 词义：他们自己；她们自己；它们自己 词性转换：them (宾格), their (所有格) 常见搭配：by themselves (他们独自地), enjoy themselves (玩得开心) 例句： They built the house themselves. (他们自己盖了这所房子。) The children can dress themselves now. (孩子们现在可以自己穿衣服了。) （反身代词无典型词性转换，练习考察其与宾格/所有格的区别。） 1. I gave the tickets to ________ (themselves). (答案：them；解析：介词“to”后需用人称代词宾格作宾语。) 2. Is this ________ (themselves) car? (答案：their；解析：此处修饰名词“car”，需用形容词性物主代词，意为“他们的”。) 20. lecture 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 讲座；讲课；训斥 v. 作讲座；训诫 近义词：speech, talk (n.) 反义词： 词性转换：lecturer (n.) 常见搭配：give a lecture (做讲座), attend a lecture (听讲座) 例句： The professor gave an interesting lecture on climate change. (教授做了一个关于气候变化的有趣讲座。) My dad lectured me about staying out too late. (我爸爸因为我回家太晚而训斥了我一顿。) 1. She works as a ________ (lecture) at the university. (答案：lecturer；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，指“讲师”。) 2. The ________ (lecture) hall was full of students. (答案：lecture；解析：此处修饰名词“hall”，需用名词作定语，意为“讲座用的”。) 21. display 词性：名词/动词 词义：n./v. 展示；陈列；显示 近义词：exhibition, show (n.); exhibit, show (v.) 反义词：hide, conceal (v.) 词性转换：display case (陈列柜) 常见搭配：on display (陈列着), display courage (展现出勇气) 例句： The museum has a fascinating display of ancient coins. (博物馆有一个引人入胜的古钱币展览。) The screen displays all the necessary information. (屏幕显示出所有必要的信息。) 1. The jewels were kept in a glass ________ (display). (答案：display case；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“glass”后需用名词，意为“陈列柜”。) 2. She ________ (display) great patience with her students. (答案：displayed；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“She”后需用动词过去式，意为“展现”。) 22. melt 词性：动词 词义：（使）融化；（使）熔化；软化 近义词：thaw, dissolve 反义词：freeze, solidify 词性转换：melting (adj.), meltdown (n. 彻底崩溃；熔化) 常见搭配：melt away (融化；消失), melt in one's mouth (入口即化) 例句： The snow began to melt in the warm sun. (雪在温暖的阳光下开始融化。) Her kindness melted his heart. (她的善良融化了他的心。) 1. The ________ (melt) snow caused flooding in the streets. (答案：melting；解析：此处修饰名词“snow”，需用形容词，意为“正在融化的”。) 2. After the argument, she had a complete emotional ________ (melt). (答案：meltdown；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“complete emotional”后需用名词，意为“情绪崩溃”。) 23. disease 词性：名词 词义：疾病；弊病 近义词：illness, sickness 反义词：health, wellness 词性转换：diseased (adj.) 常见搭配：heart disease (心脏病), spread of disease (疾病传播) 例句： Vaccination can prevent many serious diseases. (疫苗接种可以预防许多严重的疾病。) Poverty is a social disease. (贫穷是一种社会弊病。) 1. The ________ (disease) plants had to be destroyed to protect the rest. (答案：diseased；解析：此处修饰名词“plants”，需用形容词，意为“患病的”。) 2. The ________ (disease) affected thousands of people across the country. (答案：disease；解析：定冠词“The”作主语，需用名词，意为“疾病”。) 24. flu 词性：名词 (influenza的简写) 词义：流感 近义词：influenza 常见搭配：catch the flu (得流感), flu season (流感季节) She's in bed with the flu. (她得了流感，卧病在床。) It's important to get a flu shot every year. (每年接种流感疫苗很重要。) （此词为简写，无词性转换，练习考察其完整形式。） 1. The ________ (flu) virus changes every year. (答案：flu；解析：此处修饰名词“virus”，需用名词作定语。) 2. A new strain of ________ (flu) caused a global pandemic. (答案：influenza；解析：介词“of”后需用名词，此处可用完整形式“influenza”。) 25. fever 词性：名词 词义：发烧；狂热 近义词：temperature, pyrexia 词性转换：feverish (adj.) 常见搭配：have a fever (发烧), gold fever (淘金热) 例句： The child has a high fever. (这孩子发高烧了。) Football fever gripped the nation during the World Cup. (世界杯期间，足球狂热席卷了全国。) 1. She felt ________ (fever) and went to bed early. (答案：feverish；解析：系动词“felt”后需用形容词作表语，意为“发烧的；狂热的”。) 2. In his ________ (fever), he was talking nonsense. (答案：fever；解析：介词“In”和物主代词“his”后需用名词，意为“发烧状态”。) 26. kill 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 杀死；扼杀；消磨（时间） n. 猎获物；杀死 近义词：slay, murder (v.) 反义词：save, preserve (v.) 词性转换：killer (n.), killing (n./adj.) 常见搭配：kill time (消磨时间), kill two birds with one stone (一石二鸟) 例句： The frost killed all the flowers. (霜冻把所有的花都冻死了。) We had an hour to kill before the train left. (火车开动前我们有一小时要打发。) 1. The police are still looking for the ________ (kill). (答案：killer；解析：定冠词“the”后需用名词，指“杀手”。) 2. The long wait was ________ (kill) boring. (答案：killing；解析：此处修饰形容词“boring”，需用副词，口语中“killingly”或直接用“killing”作副词，意为“极其，非常”。) 27. habitat 词性：名词 词义：（动植物的）栖息地；生长环境 近义词：environment, home 词性转换：habitat loss (栖息地丧失) 常见搭配：natural habitat (自然栖息地), destroy a habitat (破坏栖息地) 例句： The rainforest is the natural habitat of many rare species. (雨林是许多稀有物种的自然栖息地。) Pollution is damaging the marine habitat. (污染正在破坏海洋栖息地。) （此词无典型词性转换，练习考察其相关动词“inhabit”。） 1. These remote islands are ________ (habitat) by only a few people. (答案：inhabited；解析：此处构成被动语态“are inhabited by”，意为“被……居住”。) 2. The main threat to the panda is ________ (habitat) destruction. (答案：habitat；解析：此处修饰名词“destruction”，需用名词作定语，意为“栖息地的”。) 28. pollute 词性：动词 词义：污染；玷污 近义词：contaminate, poison 反义词：purify, clean 词性转换：pollution (n.), polluted (adj.) 常见搭配：pollute the air/water (污染空气/水) 例句： Factories that pollute the river should be fined. (污染河流的工厂应该被罚款。) Don't pollute your mind with negative thoughts. (不要让消极思想玷污你的心灵。) 1. Air ________ (pollute) is a serious problem in many cities. (答案：pollution；解析：此处作主语，需用名词，意为“污染”。) 2. The ________ (pollute) water made many people sick. (答案：polluted；解析：此处修饰名词“water”，需用形容词，意为“被污染的”。) 29. suffer 词性：动词 词义：遭受；忍受；受苦 近义词：endure, experience 反义词：enjoy, thrive 词性转换：suffering (n.), sufferer (n.) 常见搭配：suffer from (遭受……之苦), suffer a loss (遭受损失) 例句： Many people suffer from stress at work. (许多人在工作中承受压力。) The company suffered heavy losses last year. (公司去年遭受了重大损失。) 1. The war caused great human ________ (suffer). (答案：suffering；解析：形容词“great human”后需用名词，意为“苦难”。) 2. Support groups can help ________ (suffer) of the disease. (答案：sufferers；解析：动词“help”后需用名词作宾语，指“患病者”。) 30. set out 词性：短语动词 词义：出发；着手；陈列 近义词：start out, begin, depart 反义词：arrive, conclude 常见搭配：set out on a journey (开始旅程), set out to do sth. (着手做某事) 例句： They set out at dawn to climb the mountain. (他们在黎明时分出发去爬山。) He set out to learn Spanish in six months. (他决心在六个月内学会西班牙语。) （考察核心动词“set”的转换。） 1. The beautiful ________ (set) of the sun over the ocean was breathtaking. (答案：setting；解析：定冠词“The”和形容词“beautiful”后需用名词，意为“背景；日落景象”。) 2. Please ________ (set) the table for dinner. (答案：set；解析：祈使句需用动词原形，意为“摆放”。) 31. human 词性：形容词/名词 词义：adj. 人的；人类的；有人情味的 n. 人（= human being） 近义词：people, mankind (n.) 反义词：animal, inhuman (adj.) 词性转换：humane (adj. 人道的), humanity (n.) 常见搭配：human rights (人权), human nature (人性) 例句： It's only human to make mistakes. (犯错误是人之常情。) Dogs can form strong bonds with humans. (狗能与人类建立起牢固的情感纽带。) 1. We should treat animals with ________ (human). (答案：humanity；解析：介词“with”后需用名词，意为“人道；仁慈”。) 2. The organization works for the ________ (human) treatment of prisoners. (答案：humane；解析：此处修饰名词“treatment”，需用形容词，意为“人道的”。) 32. trumpet 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 小号；喇叭 v. 吹嘘；宣扬 近义词：horn (n.); proclaim, boast (v.) 反义词：whisper, conceal (v.) 词性转换：trumpeter (n.) 常见搭配：blow one's own trumpet (自吹自擂) 例句： He plays the trumpet in the school band. (他在学校乐队吹小号。) The company trumpeted its success in the annual report. (公司在年度报告中大肆宣扬其成功。) 1. Louis Armstrong was a famous jazz ________ (trumpet). (答案：trumpeter；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，指“小号手”。) 2. The elephant let out a loud ________ (trumpet). (答案：trumpet；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“loud”后需用名词，此处指“象的吼叫声”。) 33. smell 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 气味；嗅觉 v. 闻；发出……气味；有……嗅觉 近义词：scent, odor (n.) 反义词：odorless (adj.) 词性转换：smelly (adj.) 常见搭配：sense of smell (嗅觉), smell like (闻起来像) 例句： There's a lovely smell of fresh bread coming from the bakery. (面包店飘来一股新鲜面包的香味。) Can you smell something burning? (你闻到有什么东西烧焦了吗？) 1. Take out the garbage; it's getting ________ (smell). (答案：smelly；解析：系动词“is getting”后需用形容词作表语，意为“发臭的”。) 2. Dogs have an excellent ________ (smell). (答案：sense of smell；解析：不定冠词“an”和形容词“excellent”后需用名词短语，意为“嗅觉”。) 34. delicious 词性：形容词 词义：美味的；可口的 近义词：tasty, yummy 反义词：disgusting, tasteless 词性转换：deliciously (adv.) 常见搭配：delicious food (美食) 例句： The cake was absolutely delicious. (这蛋糕真是美味极了。) Thank you for the delicious meal. (谢谢你款待的这顿美餐。) 1. The chocolate mousse was ________ (delicious) rich and creamy. (答案：deliciously；解析：此处修饰形容词“rich”，需用副词，意为“极其，非常”。) 2. The ________ (delicious) of the homemade soup was unforgettable. (答案：deliciousness；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“美味”。) 35. pool 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 水池；池塘；共用资金 v. 汇集；共用 近义词：pond, puddle (n.); combine (v.) 反义词：separate, divide (v.) 词性转换：pool table (台球桌), carpool (拼车) 常见搭配：swimming pool (游泳池), pool resources (集中资源) 例句： The children were swimming in the pool. (孩子们在游泳池里游泳。) Let's pool our money to buy a gift for her. (我们凑钱给她买份礼物吧。) 1. We formed a ________ (pool) to share the cost of gas. (答案：carpool；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，意为“拼车小组”。) 2. The heavy rain left a large ________ (pool) of water in the street. (答案：pool；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“large”后需用名词，意为“一滩水”。) 36. appear 词性：动词 词义：出现；显得；似乎 近义词：emerge, show up 反义词：disappear, vanish 词性转换：appearance (n.), apparent (adj.) 常见搭配：appear in court (出庭), appear to be (看起来) 例句： The sun appeared from behind the clouds. (太阳从云层后面露出来了。) He appears to be very confident. (他显得非常自信。) 1. She cares a lot about her physical ________ (appear). (答案：appearance；解析：形容词性物主代词“her”和形容词“physical”后需用名词，意为“外貌”。) 2. For no ________ (appear) reason, he suddenly left the room. (答案：apparent；解析：此处修饰名词“reason”，需用形容词，意为“明显的”。) 37. nearby 词性：形容词/副词 词义：adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近 近义词：close, neighboring (adj.); close by (adv.) 反义词：faraway, distant (adj.); far away (adv.) 词性转换： 常见搭配：a nearby town (附近的小镇) 例句： We had lunch at a nearby restaurant. (我们在附近的一家餐厅吃了午饭。) Is there a bank nearby? (附近有银行吗？) （此词无典型词性转换，练习考察其与“near”的辨析。） 1. My grandparents live quite ________ (nearby). (答案：near；解析：此处作副词，意为“近”，可替换“nearby”。) 2. The ________ (nearby) future holds many possibilities. (答案：near；解析：此处修饰名词“future”，常用“near”构成固定搭配，意为“不远的”。) 38. company 词性：名词 词义：公司；陪伴；客人（们） 近义词：firm, corporation (公司); companionship (陪伴) 反义词：solitude (孤独) 词性转换：companion (n.), accompany (v.) 常见搭配：keep sb. company (陪伴某人), limited company (有限公司) 例句： He works for a software company. (他在一家软件公司工作。) I enjoy your company. (我喜欢有你作伴。) 1. A dog can be a good ________ (company) for an elderly person. (答案：companion；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“good”后需用名词，指“伙伴”。) 2. Could you ________ (company) me to the store? I don't want to go alone. (答案：accompany；解析：情态动词“Could”后需用动词原形，意为“陪伴”。) 39. wilderness 词性：名词 词义：荒野；荒漠；大量 近义词：wild, wasteland 反义词：civilization, metropolis 词性转换： 常见搭配：in the wilderness (在荒野中；失势), wilderness area (自然保护区) 例句： They went hiking in the wilderness for a week. (他们去荒野徒步旅行了一周。) The garden had become a wilderness of weeds. (花园变成了一片杂草丛生的荒地。) （此词无典型词性转换，练习考察其核心词“wild”的转换。） 1. The ________ (wilderness) flowers grew along the path. (答案：wild；解析：此处修饰名词“flowers”，需用形容词，意为“野生的”。) 2. He felt a sense of freedom in the vast ________ (wilderness). (答案：wilderness；解析：介词“in”和形容词“vast”后需用名词，意为“荒野”。) 40. satisfy 词性：动词 词义：使满意；满足（需要）；符合（条件） 近义词：please, fulfill, meet 反义词：dissatisfy, disappoint 词性转换：satisfaction (n.), satisfactory (adj.) 常见搭配：satisfy one's needs (满足某人的需求), be satisfied with (对……满意) 例句： Nothing satisfies him; he's always complaining. (没有什么能让他满意，他总是抱怨。) To satisfy your curiosity, yes, I did get the job. (为了满足你的好奇心，是的，我得到了那份工作。) 1. She looked at her finished painting with great ________ (satisfy). (答案：satisfaction；解析：介词“with”后需用名词，意为“满足感”。) 2. His work was just ________ (satisfy), not excellent. (答案：satisfactory；解析：系动词“was”后需用形容词作表语，意为“令人满意的，尚可的”。) 41. sky 词性：名词 词义：天空 近义词：heavens, firmament 反义词：ground, earth 词性转换：skyhigh (adj. 极高的), skylight (n. 天窗) 常见搭配：blue sky (蓝天), under the open sky (在露天) 例句： The sky was clear and full of stars. (天空晴朗，繁星点点。) The rocket shot up into the sky. (火箭直冲云霄。) 1. Prices have gone ________ (sky) since the war began. (答案：skyhigh；解析：此处构成系表结构“have gone skyhigh”，意为“变得极高”。) 2. The room was brightened by a large ________ (sky) in the roof. (答案：skylight；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“large”后需用名词，意为“天窗”。) 42. nest 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 巢；窝；舒适的地方 v. 筑巢；嵌套 近义词：den, lair (n.) 词性转换：nest egg (储蓄金) 常见搭配：bird's nest (鸟巢), nest of tables (套几) 例句： The birds built a nest in the tree outside my window. (鸟儿在我窗外的树上筑了一个巢。) The boxes nest inside each other for easy storage. (这些盒子可以套在一起，便于存放。) 1. They are saving money as a ________ (nest) for their retirement. (答案：nest egg；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词短语，意为“储备金”。) 2. We found a ________ (nest) of mice in the shed. (答案：nest；解析：不定冠词“a”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“一窝”。) 43. push 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 推；推动；逼迫 n. 推；推动力 近义词：shove, thrust (v.) 反义词：pull, drag (v.) 词性转换：pushy (adj.), pushup (n. 俯卧撑) 常见搭配：push the button (按按钮), give sb. a push (推某人一把) 例句： Can you help me push the car? It won't start. (你能帮我推一下车吗？它发动不起来了。) She needed a push to apply for the job. (她需要有人推一把才去申请那份工作。) 1. The salesman was too ________ (push) and made me uncomfortable. (答案：pushy；解析：系动词“was”后需用形容词作表语，意为“咄咄逼人的，执意强求的”。) 2. He does fifty ________ (push) every morning as part of his workout. (答案：pushups；解析：动词“does”后需用名词作宾语，意为“俯卧撑”，常用复数。) 44. grey (美式：gray) 词性：形容词/名词/动词 词义：adj. 灰色的；阴沉的 n. 灰色 v. （使）变灰白 近义词：dull, gloomy (adj.) 反义词：bright, colorful (adj.) 词性转换：greyness (n.) 常见搭配：grey hair (灰白的头发), grey area (灰色地带) 例句： The sky was a dull grey color. (天空是暗灰色的。) His hair is starting to grey. (他的头发开始变白了。) 1. The ________ (grey) of the winter morning was depressing. (答案：greyness；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“灰暗，阴沉”。) 2. He wore a smart ________ (grey) suit to the interview. (答案：grey；解析：此处修饰名词“suit”，需用形容词，意为“灰色的”。) 45. cover 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 覆盖；涵盖；涉及；走完（一段路程） n. 封面；盖子；掩蔽处 近义词：hide, conceal (v.); lid (n.) 反义词：uncover, expose (v.) 词性转换：coverage (n.), covered (adj.) 常见搭配：cover up (掩盖), under cover (秘密地) 例句： Snow covered the ground. (雪覆盖了地面。) The book has a red cover. (这本书的封面是红色的。) 1. The news ________ (cover) of the event was extensive. (答案：coverage；解析：此处作主语，需用名词，意为“报道”。) 2. We ate outside on the ________ (cover) patio. (答案：covered；解析：此处修饰名词“patio”，需用形容词，意为“有遮盖的”。) 46. soft 词性：形容词 词义：柔软的；柔和的；温和的 近义词：gentle, tender 反义词：hard, rough, harsh 词性转换：soften (v.), softly (adv.) 常见搭配：soft drink (软饮料), soft voice (柔和的声音) 例句： The kitten has very soft fur. (小猫的毛非常柔软。) Please speak in a soft voice in the library. (请在图书馆里用轻柔的声音说话。) 1. Add some butter to ________ (soft) the mixture. (答案：soften；解析：“to”后需用动词原形构成不定式，意为“使变软”。) 2. She sang the lullaby ________ (soft) to the baby. (答案：softly；解析：此处修饰动词“sang”，需用副词，意为“轻柔地”。) 47. warmth 词性：名词 词义：温暖；热情；热心 近义词：heat, kindness 反义词：coldness, chill 词性转换：warm (adj./v.), warmly (adv.) 常见搭配：body warmth (体温), warmth of feeling (感情的热烈) 例句： We sat by the fire for warmth. (我们坐在火边取暖。) She greeted us with great warmth. (她非常热情地欢迎了我们。) 1. It's going to be ________ (warmth) and sunny tomorrow. (答案：warm；解析：系动词“be”后需用形容词作表语，意为“温暖的”。) 2. They were ________ (warmth) welcomed by their hosts. (答案：warmly；解析：此处修饰动词“welcomed”，需用副词，意为“热情地”。) 48. protection 词性：名词 词义：保护；防护 近义词：defense, shelter 反义词：exposure, danger 词性转换：protect (v.), protective (adj.) 常见搭配：environmental protection (环境保护), under the protection of (在……的保护下) 例句： Sunscreen provides protection against harmful UV rays. (防晒霜能提供防护，抵挡有害的紫外线。) The law offers protection to consumers. (法律为消费者提供保护。) 1. Parents have a natural instinct to ________ (protection) their children. (答案：protect；解析：动词不定式“to”后需用动词原形，意为“保护”。) 2. He has a very ________ (protection) attitude towards his younger sister. (答案：protective；解析：此处修饰名词“attitude”，需用形容词，意为“保护的，呵护的”。) 49. danger 词性：名词 词义：危险；威胁 近义词：risk, peril, hazard 反义词：safety, security 词性转换：dangerous (adj.), endanger (v.) 常见搭配：in danger (处于危险中), out of danger (脱离危险) 例句： The building is in danger of collapsing. (这栋建筑有倒塌的危险。) He put his own life in danger to save the child. (他冒着生命危险去救那个孩子。) 1. It is ________ (danger) to swim in this river. (答案：dangerous；解析：句型“It is + adj. + to do”中需用形容词，意为“危险的”。) 2. Pollution can ________ (danger) wildlife. (答案：endanger；解析：情态动词“can”后需用动词原形，意为“使遭受危险，危及”。) 50. net 词性：名词/形容词/动词 词义：n. 网；网络；净利 adj. 净的；最终的 v. 净赚；用网捕 近义词：web, mesh (n.); final (adj.) 反义词：gross (adj. 毛的) 词性转换：network (n.), netting (n. 网眼织物) 常见搭配：safety net (安全网), net weight (净重), internet (互联网) 例句： The fishermen threw their nets into the sea. (渔民们把渔网撒向大海。) The net profit after taxes was $1 million. (税后净利润为一百万美元。) 1. He has a good ________ (net) of professional contacts. (答案：network；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“good”后需用名词，意为“网络，关系网”。) 2. The windows had ________ (net) to keep out insects. (答案：netting；解析：动词“had”后需用名词作宾语，意为“网纱”。) 51. surface 词性：名词/形容词/动词 词义：n. 表面；水面；外表 adj. 表面的；水路的 v. 浮出水面；重新出现 近义词：exterior, top (n.) 反义词：depths, interior (n.) 词性转换：surfacing (n.) 常见搭配：on the surface (表面上), surface mail (平邮) 例句： The surface of the moon is covered in dust. (月球的表面覆盖着尘埃。) After years of hiding, the criminal finally surfaced. (躲藏多年后，罪犯终于露面了。) 1. The road needs new ________ (surface). (答案：surfacing；解析：形容词“new”后需用名词，意为“路面材料，铺面”。) 2. His anger was only ________ (surface); deep down he was worried. (答案：surface；解析：系动词“was”后需用形容词作表语，意为“表面的”。) 52. likely 词性：形容词/副词 词义：adj. 可能的；有希望的 adv. 很可能 近义词：probable, promising (adj.); probably (adv.) 反义词：unlikely, improbable (adj.) 词性转换：likelihood (n.) 常见搭配：be likely to do (很可能做), most likely (极有可能) 例句： It is likely to rain this afternoon. (今天下午很可能会下雨。) He is the most likely candidate to win the election. (他是最有可能赢得选举的候选人。) 1. There is a strong ________ (likely) that they will agree. (答案：likelihood；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“strong”后需用名词，意为“可能性”。) 2. She will ________ (likely) arrive around six o'clock. (答案：likely；解析：此处修饰动词“arrive”，作副词，意为“很可能”。) 53. purpose 词性：名词 词义：目的；意图；用途 近义词：aim, intention, goal 反义词：aimlessness 词性转换：purposeful (adj.), purposely (adv.) 常见搭配：on purpose (故意地), for the purpose of (为了……的目的) 例句： What is the purpose of your visit? (您此行的目的是什么？) He did it on purpose to annoy me. (他故意这么做来惹我生气。) 1. She walked with a ________ (purpose) stride, knowing exactly where she was going. (答案：purposeful；解析：此处修饰名词“stride”，需用形容词，意为“有目的的，坚定的”。) 2. He ________ (purpose) ignored my question. (答案：purposely；解析：此处修饰动词“ignored”，需用副词，意为“故意地”。) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $