内容正文:
人与社会 Human and Society
Topic 8 Harmonious Family
(和谐家庭)
《架构中考》
2026贵州英语
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考点梳理·精讲精练
话题结构·教材分布
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词汇盘点·素养积累
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情境写作·能力提升
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话题结构·教材分布
考点综述
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词汇盘点·素养积累
考点综述
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8B Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
名词
1. rubbish n.垃圾;废弃物
*take out the rubbish倒垃圾
2. mess n.杂乱;不整洁
*be in a mess 杂乱不堪
3. chore n.杂物;乏味无聊的工作
*do chores 干家务活
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8B Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
4. stress n.精神压力;心理负担
5. independence n.独立
6. fairness n.公正性;合理性
7. neighbor (=neighbour) n.邻居
8. floor n.地板
9. shirt n.衬衫
10. finger n.手指
11. snack n.点心;小吃;快餐
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8B Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
动词
12. fold v.折叠;对折
13. sweep v.扫;打扫
→swept(过去式/过去分词)
14. throw v.扔;掷
→threw(过去式)
→thrown(过去分词)
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8B Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
15. pass v.给;递;走过;通过
16. lend v.借给;借出
→lent(过去式/过去分词)
borrow(反义词)借;借用
17. hate v.厌恶;讨厌
18. provide v.提供;供应
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8B Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
19. depend v.依靠;信赖
*depend on 依靠;信赖
20. develop v.发展;壮大
21. drop v.落下;掉下
→dropped(过去式/过去分词)
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8B Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
形容词
22. independent adj.独立的;自主的
23. fair adj.合理的;公正的
unfair adj.不合理的;不公正的
24. ill adj.有病;不舒服
副词
25. anyway adv.而且;加之
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8B Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
连词
26. while conj.与……同时;当……的时候;而;然而
兼类词
27. waste n.浪费;垃圾 v.浪费;滥用
28. since conj.因为;既然 prep.,conj. & adv.从……以后;自……以来
29. neither adv.也不 pron.两者都不
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8B Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
其他词组
30. as soon as 一……就……
31. all the time 频繁;反复
32. in order to 目的是;为了
33. take care of 照顾;处理
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
名词
1. deal n.协议;交易
*big deal重要的事
2. relation n.关系;联系;交往
3. communication n.交流;沟通
4. member n.成员;分子
5. pressure n.压力
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
6. opinion n.意见;想法;看法
*in one’s opinion依……看
7. skill n.技艺;技巧
skilled adj.有技能的;熟练的
8. development n.发展;发育;成长
9. cloud n.云;云朵
10. football n.(美式)橄榄球;足球
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
动词
11. allow v.允许;准许
*allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事
12. argue v.争吵;争论
*argue with sb.与某人争吵
13. offer v.主动提出;自愿给予
14. communicate v.交流;沟通
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
15. explain v.解释;说明
16. copy v.抄袭;模仿;复制;复印
17. return v.归还;回来;返回
18. continue v.持续;继续存在
*continue to do/doing sth.继续做某事
19. compare v.比较
*compare … with 比较;对比
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
20. push v.鞭策;督促;推动
21. cause v.造成;引起
*cause sb. /sth. to do 导致某人/物做……
22. guess v.猜测;估计
23. compete v.竞争;对抗
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
形容词
24. wrong adj.有毛病;错误的
25. elder adj.年纪较长的
26. nervous adj.焦虑的;担忧的
27. proper adj.正确的;恰当的
28. clear adj.清楚易懂的;晴朗的
29. typical adj.典型的
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
30. quick adj.快的;迅速的;时间短暂的
31. crazy adj.不理智的;疯狂的
*be crazy about 对……着迷
32. usual adj.通常的;寻常的
unusual adj.不寻常的
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
副词
33. instead adv.代替;反而;却
34. secondly adv.第二;其次
35. anymore adv.(常用于否定句和疑问句末)再也(不);(不)再
36. perhaps adv.可能;大概;也许
代词
37. whatever pron.任何;每一
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8B Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
其他词组
38. look through 快速查看;浏览
39. work out 成功地发展;解决
40. get on with 和睦相处;关系良好
41. cut out 删除;删去
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句
型
1. —Could I go out for dinner with my friends?
—Sure,that should be OK.
2. —Could we get something to drink after the movie?
—No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
3. —Could you please take the dog for a walk?
—OK,but I want to watch one show first.
4. —Could you please take out the rubbish?
—Yes, sure.
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句
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5. —You look tired. What’s the matter?
—I studied until midnight last night, so I didn’t get enough sleep.
6. —What should I do?
—Why don’t you forget about it? Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.
7. —What should he do?
—He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry.
8. —Maybe you could go to his house.
—I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him.
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For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.一整个星期,她没有做家务活儿,我也没有做。(8B Unit 3 P19)
知识点 1
neither/nor/so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+另一主语句型
结构 含义 用法 例句
neither+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语 “某人也没有” 表示前者的否定情况也适用于后者,其中neither 也可以换为 nor —Tim can’t play the piano at all.
蒂姆根本不会弹钢琴。
—Neither/Nor can I.
我也不会。
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【拓展】 倒装句中的“Neither+be动词/情态动词/助动词+I”可以替换成Me neither;
“So+be动词/情态动词/助动词+I”可以替换成Me too。
结构 含义 用法 例句
so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语 “某人也是如此” 表示前面提到的肯定情况也同样适用于另外一个主体 —Tina is good at swimming.
蒂娜擅长游泳。
—So am I.我也是。
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用so或neither填空。
1. —I always hate being late for school.
—__________ do I.
2. —There is a new amusement park in the west of Jinan. I haven’t been there.
—Me __________. Let’s go there this weekend.
3. —I’d love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework to do.
—If you don’t go, __________ will I.
学以致用
So
neither
neither
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Could I borrow that book?我可以借那本书吗?
Could you lend me some money?你可以借我一些钱吗?(8B Unit 3 P20)
知识点 2
辨析borrow,lend与keep
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注:borrow和lend 都是非延续性动词,不能与一段时间连用;keep是延续性动词,常用how long 对其提问,可以与一段时间连用。
单词 含义 用法
borrow 借入;借来 borrow sth. from sb.表示主语向别人借东西
lend 借给;借出 lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth.表示主语把东西借给别人
keep 保留;借(多久) keep sth. for+一段时间 表示借某物多长时间(常用于完成时态)
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用borrow,lend和keep的适当形式填空。
1. I just __________ a book from the library and I can __________ it for two weeks.
2. Have you forgotten about the money I __________ you last month?
3. The dictionary you __________ to me last week was lost. I will buy you a new one.
学以致用
borrowed
keep
lent
lent
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It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家中给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。(8B Unit 3 P22)
知识点 3
辨析offer,provide与give
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三者都有“提供;供给”之意,具体区别如下:
单词 含义及用法 固定搭配 例句
provide “提供;供应”,强调有远见,为应对意外、紧急情况等做好充分准备 provide sth. for sb.
=provide sb. with sth. Livestreaming(直播) provides a new chance for traditional culture artists.
直播给传统文化艺术家提供了新的机会。
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单词 含义及用法 固定搭配 例句
offer “主动提出;自愿给予”,对方可接受也可拒绝 offer sb. sth.
=offer sth. to sb. The Internet is very useful and it can offer plenty of information to us.
互联网非常有用,它能给我们提供大量的信息。
give “交给;送给;赠送”,为普通意义上的“给予” give sb. sth.
=give sth. to sb. What will you give your father for his birthday?
你会在你父亲生日给他赠送什么?
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用offer,provide和give的适当形式填空。
1. The government has __________ the people in the disaster area with a lot of food and tents.
2. Our club will __________ free books for you on the weekend if you join in our reading activity.
3. When the traffic accident happened, several people passing by _________ to help.
4. Did you __________ the waiter a tip(小费)?
学以致用
provided
provide
offered
give
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Kids these days already have enough stress from school.如今的孩子已经有足够大的学业压力了。(8B Unit 3 P22)
知识点 4
辨析stress,stressful与stressed
单词 词性及含义 例句
stress n.精神压力;心理负担;紧张 Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness.心理压力常常是形成长期病的一个因素。
v.强调;着重;重读;用重音读 He stressed the importance of a good education.
他强调了良好教育的重要性。
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单词 词性及含义 例句
stressful adj.压力重的;紧张的(常用于形容事物) It was a stressful time for all of us.
对我们所有人来说,那是一个艰难的时期。
stressed adj.焦虑不安;心力交瘁(常用于形容人) Work out what situations or people make you feel stressed and avoid them.弄清是什么样的情况或什么样的人使你焦虑不安,并避开他们。
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用stress的适当形式填空。
1. China’s leaders have __________ the need for further cooperation between the Third World countries.
2. Almost everyone worries about them and feels __________, although they have prepared well.
3. In many __________ situations the body’s responses can improve our performance.
学以致用
stressed
stressed
stressful
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My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.我的父母不允许我和朋友们闲逛。(8B Unit 4 P25)
知识点 5
allow的用法
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单词 含义 用法 例句
allow 允许;
准许;
使能够 allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 He won’t allow himself to fail.
他不允许自己失败。
sb. be (not) allowed to do sth.某人(不)被允许做某事(被动语态) The children are allowed to watch TV after school. 孩子们放学后可以看电视。
allow doing sth.允许做某事 The policeman wouldn’t allow parking in the street.警察不允许在这条街上停车。
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用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
1. The doctor may not allow her __________(return) to work next week.
2. When you visit a family in America for the first time, gifts like chocolates and flowers are __________(allow).
3. Boys and girls, remember that we don’t allow __________(eat) in the classroom.
4. He wouldn’t allow emotions __________(get) in the way of him doing his job.
学以致用
to return
allowed
eating
to get
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知识点1
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He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.他总是拒绝让我看我喜欢的电视节目。而他却想看什么就看什么,一直看到夜里很晚。(8B Unit 4 P27)
知识点 6
辨析instead与instead of
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单词/短语 词性 含义及用法 例句
instead 副词 “反而;却”,常位于句首
(表转折),有时用逗号与后面内容隔开 He didn’t answer me. Instead, he asked me another question.
他没有回答我。相反,他问了我另外一个问题。
“代替”,位于句末 Jack was ill so I went instead.
杰克病了,所以我代他去了。
instead of 介词
短语 “代替;而不是”,其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语 We just had soup instead of a full meal.
我们没有吃全餐,只喝了汤。
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1. The young should do meaningful things instead of __________(play) with phones all day.
instead instead of
2. The doctor told Mrs. King to eat more vegetables __________ meat.
3. We are supposed to put away smartphones and take more exercise __________.
4. My father didn’t water flowers. __________, he washed his car.
学以致用
playing
instead of
instead
Instead
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44
And they are always comparing them with other children.并且她们(指妈妈们)总是把他们(指自己的孩子)和其他孩子作比较。(8B Unit 4 P30)
知识点 7
compare的用法
用法 例句
compare … with … 把……和……比较 (常表示同类相比,比较);比得上 Is it fair to compare private schools with state schools?
拿私立学校与公立学校相比,这样公平吗?
The flowers here do not compare with those at home.
这儿的花比不上家里的花。
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用法 例句
compare … to …/sth. be compared to…
把……比作……
(常表示异类相比,比喻)/某物被比作…… My mother always compares me to a little bird, because I’m always running around. 我的母亲总是把我比作一只小鸟,因为我总是跑来跑去。
His speech was compared to a passionate concert, because his words were filled with emotion and passion. 他的演讲被人们比作一场热情洋溢的音乐会,因为他的话语充满了感情和激情。
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用compare with/compare to的适当形式填空。
1. Don’t __________ your strong points __________ others’ disadvantages.
2. A teacher is often ____________ a candle, which burns to provide light for others.
3. My handwriting cannot be ______________ my grandfather’s.
学以致用
compare
with
compared to
compared with
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情境写作·能力提升
考点综述
04
48
家务劳动:do the dishes, take out the rubbish, fold the clothes, sweep the floor, make the bed, clean your room, take the dog for a walk, pass the salt, buy some drinks and snacks, lay out food on the table …
需请求父母同意的活动:go out for dinner, go to the movies, stay out late, get a ride, use your computer, borrow money, invite friends to a party, hang out with friends …
主题词汇拓展
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分享问题&给出建议:
(1)关系:have a fight with my friend, look through my things without asking, borrow my things without returning them, can’t get on with family, compare me with other children …
建议:write him a letter, call him so that you can say sorry, do more jobs around the house, talk about these feelings with your family, sit down and communicate with your brother, explain that you don’t mind …
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(2)学习:worry about school grades, compete with my classmates at school, always copy my homework …
建议:Don’t wait until the last minute to study for a test …
(3)健康:don’t get enough sleep/free time, feel lonely and nervous, be under too much pressure …
建议:rest/go to bed early, have time to relax and think for yourself …
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1. I finally understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.(8B-U3-P19)
2. Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.(8B-U3-P22)
3. Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.(8B-U3-P22)
4. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.(8B-U3-P22)
佳句积累
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5. My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.(8B-U4-P25)
6. My problem is that I can’t get on with my family.(8B-U4-P27)
7. Relations between my parents have become difficult.(8B-U4-P27)
8. When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.(8B-U4-P27)
9. If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication.(8B-U4-P27)
10. Although you may be unhappy with your parents, you should talk to them.(8B-U4-P29)
11. People shouldn’t push their kids so hard.(8B-U4-P30)
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1. 假期里我经常主动分担家务。(offer to do)
I usually offer to share the housework during the holiday.
2. 当我父母对我不满意的时候,他们选择和我交谈。(be unhappy with)
When my parents are unhappy with me, they choose to talk to/with me.
3. 即便他们总是很忙,他们也一直很关心我。 (even though)
Even though they are always busy, they are caring about me.
佳句翻译
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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4. 对家人来说,尽可能多地交流很重要。(It is important for sb. to do)
It’s important for family members to communicate with each other as often as possible.
5. 我父母允许我自己的事自己做决定。 (allow sb. to do)
My parents allow me to make decisions by myself/my own decisions.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
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中考即将来临,每位同学都在为了实现自己的梦想而奋力拼搏。不少同学在积极进取的道路上会遇到一些困惑。请认真阅读王芳给Robert Hunt 写的一封信,以Robert Hunt的身份用英语给王芳写封回信,帮助她解惑。
实战指导
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Dear Mr. Hunt,
My problem is that I am worried about arguments between my parents. My father always complains about my study, shouting at my mother without any reason. I often feel stressed out and I stay up late until 1 o’clock. And also I can’t focus on what the teacher says in class. I always feel nervous. What should I do?
Wang Fang
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注意:1. 回信要合情合理,能跟来信者产生共鸣,起到帮助作用;
2. 文中不得出现个人真实的姓名和校名;
3. 词数不少于80,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
【审题指导】
1. 定主题:给王芳写一封回信,给她提供一些建议,帮助她走出困境;
2. 定体裁:应用文;
3. 定时态:一般现在时;
4. 定人称:分析信中问题并表示理解时,用第一人称进行描述;给予建议时用第二人称,可使用祈使句和表达建议的句型。
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【提纲要点】
1. 开头:对王芳目前的困惑表示理解和安慰。
2. 正文:针对王芳来信中提到的问题(担心父母吵架、学习有压力),给出几条合理可行的建议。
3. 结尾:表达对王芳的祝愿。
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【衔接全文】
Dear Wang Fang,
I have heard from you. It’s not easy being your age. ________________
I completely understand your feelings; living with parents’ arguments is stressful, and it’s normal to feel nervous and lose focus.
First, try talking to your parents separately when they’re calm. Let them know how their fights affect your study and sleep. For example, you could say, “I love you both, and it hurts me when you argue.”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Second, take care of yourself. Do something relaxing before bed, like reading or listening to music, to avoid staying up late. If things don’t improve, consider asking a trusted teacher or relative for help.
Remember, it’s not your mistake, and you’re not alone. Hope these tips will help you.
Robert Hunt
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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本讲内容结束
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