Unit2语法讲解及习题：Present Perfect with have_has been, have_has gone & for_since 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了译林英语八下Unit2现在完成时语法内容，涵盖have/has been与have/has gone的用法区别、for与since的运用规则及配套练习题，构建“核心区别解析—解题技巧提炼—分层练习巩固”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过表格对比呈现语法点核心区别，如“have/has been与have/has gone的含义及例句对照表”，提炼解题技巧如“地点为副词时省略to”，并设计填空、选择、句型转换等分层练习，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。配套答案解析标注重难点，如瞬间动词转换规则，助力学生自主学习，教师可据此精准教学，提升课堂实效。

译林英语八下Unit2语法讲解及习题 Present Perfect with have/has been, have/has gone & for/since 一、语法点1：have/has been 与 have/has gone 的用法 1. 核心区别 用法 含义 例句 have/has been (to) 表示“曾经去过某地，现在已经回来”，强调经历。 I have been to the Great Wall twice. (我去过长城两次，现在不在那里) have/has gone (to) 表示“去了某地，现在还没回来”，强调人不在说话现场。 My parents have gone to Guilin. They’ll be back next week. (我父母去了桂林，还没回来) 2. 解题技巧 看到“去过某地且已返回”或询问“是否有过某种经历”时，用 have/has been (to)。 看到“去了某地还没回”或人不在现场时，用 have/has gone (to)。 当地点是 here, there, home 等副词时，要省略 to。 二、语法点2：for 与 since 在现在完成时中的用法 1. 核心区别 用法 含义 例句 for 后接“一段时间”，表示动作持续了多久。 We have lived in this city for 10 years. (我们在这座城市住了10年) since 后接“时间点/过去时句子”，表示动作从何时开始。 We have lived in this city since 2015. (我们从2015年起就住在这里) 2. 瞬间动词与延续性动词 瞬间动词（如 leave, come, go, buy, marry 等）不能与 for/since 引导的时间段连用。 需将瞬间动词转换为对应的延续性表达： leave → have/has been away from come/go/arrive → have/has been in/at buy → have/has had marry → have/has been married 三、练习题 Ⅰ. 用 have/has been 或 have/has gone 填空 1. My brother ___________ to London. He will come back next month. 2. I ___________ to the West Lake. It’s very beautiful. 3. —Where is Tom? —He ___________ to the teachers’ office. 4. They ___________ to the USA twice. 5. Millie ___________ to the bookshop. She wants to buy some books. 6. My parents ___________ to Beijing. They took many photos there. 7. The Smiths ___________ to Shanghai for a holiday. They aren’t at home now. 8. I ___________ never ___________ to the Great Wall. 9. —___________ you ever ___________ to Nanjing? —Yes, I ___________ there once. 10. My aunt ___________ to Hong Kong. She will stay there for a week. Ⅱ. 用 for 或 since 填空 1. We have lived in this town ___________ 2018. 2. They have known each other ___________ five years. 3. I have studied English ___________ I was 10 years old. 4. He has been away from home ___________ last Friday. 5. We have waited for the bus ___________ half an hour. 6. She has been in this school ___________ three years. 7. They have worked in the factory ___________ they left college. 8. I haven’t seen him ___________ a long time. 9. The film has been on ___________ 7:00 p.m. 10. We have been friends ___________ we were children. Ⅲ. 单项选择 1. —Where is your father? —He ___________ to Beijing. He will be back in a week. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes 2. I ___________ to the Palace Museum twice. It’s worth visiting. A. have gone B. have been C. went D. go 3. My grandparents have been married ___________ 50 years. A. for B. since C. in D. on 4. We have lived in Nanjing ___________ 2010. A. for B. since C. in D. at 5. The old man ___________ away from his hometown ___________ 1999. A. is; since B. has been; since C. was; for D. has been; for 6. —___________ have you learned English? —___________ six years ago. A. How long; For B. How often; For C. How long; Since D. How soon; Since 7. My uncle ___________ to Shanghai. He will attend a meeting there. A. has been B. has gone C. goes D. went 8. I ___________ never ___________ to the USA. A. have; gone B. have; been C. has; gone D. has; been 9. They have kept the book ___________ two weeks. A. for B. since C. in D. on 10. The film ___________ for 15 minutes. A. has begun B. has been on C. began D. begins Ⅳ. 句型转换（5题） 1. He left Beijing a week ago.（改为同义句） He ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ Beijing for a week. 2. They bought the car in 2020.（改为同义句） They ___________ ___________ the car ___________ 2020. 3. My father went to London last month.（用 have/has gone 改写） My father ___________ ___________ ___________ London. 4. I have been to the Great Wall.（改为一般疑问句并作否定回答） —___________ you ___________ to the Great Wall? —No, I ___________. 5. We have known each other for 10 years.（对划线部分提问） ___________ ___________ have you known each other? 四、参考答案与解析 Ⅰ. 用 have/has been 或 have/has gone 填空 1. has gone（去了伦敦还没回来） 2. have been（去过西湖，现在已回） 3. has gone（去了办公室，不在现场） 4. have been（去过美国两次，已回） 5. has gone（去了书店，不在现场） 6. have been（去过北京，已回） 7. have gone（去了上海度假，不在家） 8. have; been（从未去过长城，强调经历） 9. Have; been; have been（询问是否去过南京，回答去过一次） 10. has gone（去了香港，还没回） Ⅱ. 用 for 或 since 填空 1. since（2018是时间点） 2. for（five years是时间段） 3. since（I was 10 years old是过去时句子） 4. since（last Friday是时间点） 5. for（half an hour是时间段） 6. for（three years是时间段） 7. since（they left college是过去时句子） 8. for（a long time是时间段） 9. since（7:00 p.m.是时间点） 10. since（we were children是过去时句子） Ⅲ. 单项选择 1. B（去了北京还没回，用 has gone） 2. B（去过故宫两次，已回，用 have been） 3. A（50 years是时间段，用 for） 4. B（2010是时间点，用 since） 5. B（since 1999表示从1999年起，用现在完成时） 6. C（how long 问时长，since six years ago 表示从六年前开始） 7. B（去了上海开会，不在现场，用 has gone） 8. B（我从未去过美国，用 have been） 9. A（two weeks是时间段，用 for） 10. B（begin 是瞬间动词，需转换为 be on） Ⅳ. 句型转换 1. has been away from（leave 转换为延续性表达 be away from） 2. have had; since（buy 转换为延续性表达 have） 3. has gone to（表示去了伦敦还没回） 4. Have; been; haven’t（现在完成时一般疑问句结构） 5. How long（对时间段提问用 how long） ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $