第2讲 Unit 2 Stay healthy 单元核心知识（新课抢先学）-【优秀生培养计划-巩固与提升】2025-2026学年人教版八年级下册英语寒假作业 快人一步系列

优秀生培养计划 第2讲 Unit 2 Stay healthy（新教材人教版） 内容提要 高频词汇 常考短语 重点句型 核心语法 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理 模块三 核心考点精准练 模块四 综合题型助提升 1. Vocabulary Master 15 key health words and their collocations to describe illnesses correctly. 2. Sentence Patterns Learn 8 basic sentence patterns to ask about health and give proper suggestions. 3. Grammar Grasp should/could for advice and reflexive pronouns in daily communication. 1. sore /sɔː(r)/adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的  核心含义：形容身体部位因受伤、劳累产生的隐痛或酸痛。  常见搭配：sore throat（喉咙痛）、sore back（背痛）、sore knee（膝盖酸痛）  例句：I have a sore throat and can't speak loudly.  拓展：该词常与身体部位名词搭配，描述局部疼痛  练习题 1. My legs are ___ after running 5 kilometers. A. sore B. pain C. hurt D. ache 2. She has a ___ throat, so she drinks warm water with honey. (用 sore 的适当形式填空) 3. Which word can describe the pain in your muscles after exercise? A. happy B. sore C. sad D. tired  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：sore 是形容词，可作表语，描述肌肉酸痛；pain 是名词，hurt/ache 是动词，不符合语法。 2. sore 解析：固定搭配 a sore throat 表示 “喉咙痛”，无需变形。 3. B 解析：sore 专门用来形容肌肉、身体部位的酸痛，符合题意。 2. headache /ˈhedeɪk/n. 头痛  核心含义：头部的疼痛，常见身体不适症状。  常见搭配：have a headache（头痛）、a bad headache（剧烈头痛）、get a headache（头痛发作）  例句：Staying up late will make you get a headache easily.  拓展：构词法：head（头）+ ache（痛），同类词有 toothache、stomachache  练习题 1. I can't go to school today because I have a terrible ___. A. head B. headache C. stomach D. toothache 2. She ___ a headache after watching TV for 4 hours. (用 have 的适当形式填空) 3. Which of the following is a pain in the head? A. toothache B. stomachache C. headache D. backache  答案与解析： 1. B 解析：terrible 后接名词，headache 表示 “头痛”，符合句意。 2. had 解析：由时间状语可知用一般过去时，have 的过去式为 had。 3. C 解析：headache 指 “头痛”，其他选项分别是牙痛、胃痛、背痛。 3. stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/n. 胃痛；肚子疼  核心含义：胃部或腹部的疼痛感。  常见搭配：have a stomachache（胃痛）、get a stomachache from eating too much（吃太多导致胃痛）  例句：The little boy had a stomachache after eating cold ice cream.  拓展：其词根 stomach 意为 “胃；腹部”  练习题 1. Eating too much junk food may cause a ___. A. headache B. toothache C. stomachache D. sore throat 2. My sister ___ a stomachache now, so she lies down to rest. (用 have 的适当形式填空) 3. What should you do if you have a stomachache? A. Eat more food B. Lie down and rest C. Run fast D. Drink cold water  答案与解析： 1. C 解析：垃圾食品吃多了容易引发胃痛，stomachache 符合句意。 2. has 解析：主语 my sister 是第三人称单数，now 提示用一般现在时。 3. B 解析：胃痛时应该躺下休息，其他选项都会加重不适。 4. avoid /əˈvɔɪd/v. 避免；防止  核心含义：主动躲开不想遇到的人、事或情况。  常见搭配：avoid doing sth.（避免做某事）、avoid mistakes（避免错误）、avoid danger（躲避危险）  例句：We should avoid going out alone at night for safety.  拓展：avoid 后接动名词，不能接动词不定式  练习题 1. You should ___ eating too much sugar to keep healthy. A. avoid B. make C. let D. have 2. She tries ___ staying up late because it's bad for her health. (用 avoid 的适当形式填空) 3. Which sentence is correct? A. I avoid to eat junk food. B. I avoid eating junk food. C. I avoid eat junk food. D. I avoiding eat junk food.  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：avoid 意为 “避免”，符合 “少吃糖保持健康” 的句意。 2. to avoid 解析：try to do sth. 表示 “努力做某事”，后接动词不定式。 3. B 解析：avoid 后必须接动名词形式，即 avoid doing sth. 5. fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/n. 发烧  核心含义：体温超过正常范围的身体症状。  常见搭配：have a fever（发烧）、a high fever（高烧）、take one's temperature for fever（量体温看是否发烧）  例句：She had a high fever and was taken to the hospital.  拓展：固定短语 run a fever 与 have a fever 同义  练习题 1. If you have a ___, you should drink more water and rest. A. fever B. cough C. cold D. toothache 2. The nurse ___ his temperature because he had a fever. (用 take 的适当形式填空) 3. What's the sign of having a fever? A. Low temperature B. Normal temperature C. High temperature D. No temperature  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：发烧时要多喝水休息，have a fever 是固定搭配。 2. took 解析：由 had 可知用一般过去时，take 的过去式为 took。 3. C 解析：发烧的标志是体温升高，high temperature 符合定义。 6. cough /kɒf/n. & v. 咳嗽  核心含义：名词指咳嗽的动作或症状；动词指发出咳嗽的动作。  常见搭配：have a cough（咳嗽）、cough badly（咳嗽得厉害）、dry cough（干咳）  例句：He coughed a lot because he caught a cold.  拓展：形容词形式为 coughy，意为 “咳嗽的”  练习题 1. She has a bad ___ and can't sleep well at night. A. stomachache B. fever C. headache D. cough 2. The little girl ___ when she has a cold. (用 cough 的适当形式填空) 3. Which action is a cough? A. Closing eyes B. Clearing throat with a sound C. Smiling D. Running  答案与解析： 1. D 解析：have a bad cough 表示 “咳嗽得厉害”，符合句意。 2. coughs 解析：主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 3. B 解析：咳嗽是伴随声响的清嗓子动作，其他选项不符合。 7. medicine /ˈmedsn/n. 药；医学  核心含义：名词，可指治疗疾病的药物，也可指医学学科。  常见搭配：take medicine（吃药）、traditional Chinese medicine（中药）、study medicine（学医）  例句：You should take this medicine three times a day after meals.  拓展：形容词形式为 medical，意为 “医学的；医疗的”  练习题 1. You must take ___ when you are ill. A. food B. medicine C. water D. fruit 2. My uncle studies ___ and wants to be a doctor. (用 medicine 的适当形式填空) 3. Which sentence is right? A. I take medicine to get better. B. I eat medicine to get better. C. I drink medicine to get better. D. I have medicine to get better.  答案与解析： 1. B 解析：生病时要吃药，take medicine 是固定搭配。 2. medicine 解析：study medicine 表示 “学医”，无需变形。 3. A 解析：“吃药” 的正确表达是 take medicine，不用 eat/drink/have。 8. patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的  核心含义：作名词指接受治疗的人；作形容词指做事不急躁。  常见搭配：a patient with a cold（感冒病人）、be patient with sb.（对某人有耐心）  例句：The doctor is very patient with all his patients.  拓展：名词形式为 patience，意为 “耐心”  练习题 1. The ___ are waiting for the doctor in the waiting room. A. patient B. patients C. patience D. patiently 2. We should be ___ with children when they make mistakes. (用 patient 的适当形式填空) 3. What's the adjective form of "patient" (名词)? A. patient B. patience C. patiently D. patiency  答案与解析： 1. B 解析：由 are 可知主语是复数，patients 表示 “病人”。 2. patient 解析：固定搭配 be patient with sb. 表示 “对某人有耐心”。 3. A 解析：patient 本身可作形容词，意为 “有耐心的”。 9. safety /ˈseɪfti/n. 安全；安全处所  核心含义：名词，指没有危险、不受伤害的状态或地方。  常见搭配：traffic safety（交通安全）、food safety（食品安全）、safety first（安全第一）  例句：We must pay attention to our safety when we cross the road.  拓展：形容词形式为 safe，意为 “安全的”；副词形式为 safely  练习题 1. ___ is the most important thing when we do sports. A. Happy B. Safety C. Dangerous D. Safe 2. It's ___ to stay at home alone at night for a child. (用 safe 的适当形式填空) 3. Which word is a noun? A. safe B. safely C. safety D. save  答案与解析： 1. B 解析：运动时安全是第一位的，safety 作主语，符合语法。 2. unsafe 解析：孩子晚上独自在家不安全，unsafe 表示 “不安全的”。 3. C 解析：safety 是名词，safe 是形容词，safely 是副词，save 是动词。 10. harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/adj. 有害的  核心含义：形容对人或事物有损害、有坏处的。  常见搭配：be harmful to（对…… 有害）、harmful food（有害食品）、harmful habits（有害习惯）  例句：Smoking is harmful to our health.  拓展：名词形式为 harm，意为 “伤害；损害”  练习题 1. Eating too much junk food is ___ to your body. A. useful B. good C. helpful D. harmful 2. Noise pollution is ___ to people's hearing. (用 harm 的适当形式填空) 3. Which of the following is harmful to eyes? A. Reading in bright light B. Doing eye exercises C. Reading in bed D. Eating vegetables  答案与解析： 1.D 解析：垃圾食品对身体有害，be harmful to 是固定搭配。 2. harmful 解析：be harmful to 表示 “对…… 有害”，填形容词 harmful。 3. C 解析：躺在床上看书对眼睛有害，其他选项是护眼行为或有益饮食。 11. check /tʃek/v. 检查；查明 n. 检查；调查  核心含义：动词指查看、核对是否正确或安全；名词指检查的行为。  常见搭配：check one's temperature（量体温）、check the answers（核对答案）、a health check（健康检查）  例句：The doctor checked my heart and said I was healthy.  拓展：常见短语 check in 表示 “登记入住；报到”  练习题 1. You should ___ your homework before handing it in. A. check B. do C. make D. have 2. The nurse ___ his blood pressure yesterday. (用 check 的适当形式填空) 3. What does "check your temperature" mean? A. 量体温 B. 做作业 C. 看电视 D. 听音乐  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：交作业前要检查，check 意为 “核对；检查”。 2. checked 解析：由 yesterday 可知用一般过去时，check 的过去式为 checked。 3. A 解析：check your temperature 的中文意思是 “量体温”。 12. allergic /əˈlɜːdʒɪk/adj. 过敏的  核心含义：形容对某种物质产生过敏反应的。  常见搭配：be allergic to（对…… 过敏）、allergic to peanuts（对花生过敏）、allergic reaction（过敏反应）  例句：She is allergic to cats, so she can't keep a cat as a pet.  拓展：名词形式为 allergy，意为 “过敏症”  练习题 1. My brother is ___ to pollen, so he often sneezes in spring. A. allergic B. happy C. sad D. afraid 2. If you are ___ to seafood, you shouldn't eat it. (用 allergy 的适当形式填空) 3. What will happen if you are allergic to something? A. Feel happy B. Have a reaction like sneezing C. Sleep well D. Eat a lot  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：对花粉过敏会打喷嚏，be allergic to 是固定搭配。 2. allergic 解析：be allergic to 表示 “对…… 过敏”，填形容词 allergic。 3. B 解析：过敏会引发打喷嚏等反应，其他选项与过敏无关。 13. pain /peɪn/n. 疼痛；痛苦  核心含义：名词，指身体上的疼痛感或心理上的痛苦。  常见搭配：in pain（处于痛苦中）、feel pain（感到疼痛）、physical pain（身体疼痛）  例句：She cried in pain when she hurt her leg.  拓展：形容词形式为 painful，意为 “疼痛的；痛苦的”  练习题 1. He felt a sharp ___ in his arm after falling down. A. tired B. happy C. sad D. pain 2. The ___ in her stomach lasted for two hours. (用 pain 的适当形式填空) 3. What's the adjective form of "pain"? A. pain B. painful C. painfully D. paining  答案与解析： 1. D 解析：摔倒后手臂剧痛，sharp pain 表示 “剧痛”。 2. pain 解析：定冠词 the 后接名词，pain 表示 “疼痛”，无需变形。 3. B 解析：pain 的形容词形式是 painful，意为 “疼痛的”。 14. nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/adj. 紧张不安的  核心含义：形容因担心、焦虑而感到不安的状态。  常见搭配：feel nervous（感到紧张）、be nervous about（对…… 感到紧张）、nervous before exams（考前紧张）  例句：She felt nervous before her first speech.  拓展：副词形式为 nervously，意为 “紧张不安地”  练习题 1. I always feel ___ when I have an English test. A. nervous B. happy C. sad D. excited 2. He walked ___ into the teacher's office. (用 nervous 的适当形式填空) 3. Which situation may make you nervous? A. Playing with friends B. Giving a speech C. Eating ice cream D. Sleeping  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：英语考试前会感到紧张，feel nervous 符合句意。 2. nervously 解析：修饰动词 walked 用副词 nervously。 3. B 解析：演讲会让人紧张，其他选项都是放松的场景。 15. burn /bɜːn/v. (burnt, burnt) 燃烧；着火  核心含义：动词，指物质燃烧，或皮肤被烫伤、烧伤。  常见搭配：burn one's hand（烫伤手）、burn down（烧毁）、catch fire and burn（着火燃烧）  例句：She burnt her finger when she was cooking.  拓展：形容词形式为 burnt，意为 “烧焦的；烧伤的”  练习题 1. Don't touch the hot pan, or you will ___ your hand. A. burn B. cut C. hurt D. hit 2. The fire ___ the house last night. (用 burn 的适当形式填空) 3. What's the past tense of "burn"? A. burn B. burnt C. burning D. burns  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：碰热锅会烫伤手，burn 意为 “烫伤”。 2. burnt 解析：由 last night 可知用一般过去时，burn 的过去式为 burnt。 3. B 解析：burn 的过去式和过去分词可以是 burnt 或 burned，选项中 burnt 正确。 1. suffer from 受苦；受折磨  核心用法：后接疾病或痛苦的名词，指长期遭受某种病痛或困扰。  例句：Many people suffer from back pain because of sitting too long.  拓展：多用于描述慢性疾病或持续的不适  练习题 1. He ___ a fever for three days. A. suffered from B. took care of C. looked after D. got over 2. My grandfather ___ high blood pressure for many years. (用 suffer from 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：suffer from a fever 表示 “发烧（持续一段时间）”，符合句意。 2. has suffered from 解析：for many years 提示用现在完成时，表示动作持续多年。 2. take one's temperature 给某人量体温  核心用法：固定短语，one's 随主语变化，如 take my/your/his temperature。  例句：The nurse took my temperature and said I didn't have a fever.  拓展：同义短语为 take the temperature of sb.  练习题 1. The doctor ___ before he gave me some medicine. A. took my temperature B. took my medicine C. took my food D. took my book 2. You should ___ your temperature when you feel hot. (用 take 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：医生开药前会先量体温，took my temperature 符合语境。 2. take 解析：情态动词 should 后接动词原形。 3. stop ... from doing 防止……；阻止……  核心用法：阻止某人或某物做某事，from 后接动名词，可省略。  例句：We should stop people from cutting down trees.  拓展：同义短语为 prevent ... from doing  练习题 1. We must stop him ___ in the river. It's dangerous. A. from swimming B. to swim C. swim D. swam 2. The rain stopped us from ___ a picnic. (用 have 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：stop sb. from doing sth. 表示 “阻止某人做某事”，符合 “阻止他在河里游泳” 的句意。 2. having 解析：from 是介词，后接动名词形式 having。 4. catch fire 着火  核心用法：不及物动词短语，主语是着火的物体，无被动语态。  例句：The old house caught fire because of a cigarette end.  拓展：近义词组为 be on fire（着火，强调状态）  练习题 1. The dry wood ___ easily in summer. A. catches up B. catches a cold C. catches fire D. catches the bus 2. The building ___ last night and many people were hurt. (用 catch fire 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. C 解析：干木头夏天容易着火，catch fire 符合句意。 2. caught fire 解析：由 last night 可知用一般过去时，catch 的过去式为 caught。 5. first aid 急救  核心用法：名词短语，指对伤者或病人进行的紧急救治。  例句：Everyone should learn some first aid knowledge.  拓展：常见搭配有 first aid kit（急救箱）、first aid training（急救培训）  练习题 1. We need to give him ___ before the ambulance arrives. A. first class B. first food C. first book D. first aid 2. She took a ___ course to help people in need. (用 first aid 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. D 解析：救护车来之前要进行急救，first aid 符合语境。 2. first aid 解析：first aid course 表示 “急救课程”，短语作定语无需变形。 6. lie down 平躺；平卧  核心用法：动词短语，lie 此处是不及物动词，过去式为 lay。  例句：If you have a headache, you should lie down and rest.  拓展：注意区分 lie（躺）的过去式 lay 和动词 lay（放置）的过去式 laid  练习题 1. She ___ on the sofa and fell asleep quickly. A. lay down B. lied down C. laid down D. layed down 2. You'd better ___ for a while after lunch. (用 lie 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：lie down 的过去式是 lay down，符合 “躺在沙发上睡着” 的句意。 2. lie down 解析：had better 后接动词原形。 7. take care of 照顾；照料  核心用法：后接人或物，意为照顾、看管，同义短语为 look after。  例句：She stayed at home to take care of her sick mother.  拓展：take good care of 表示 “好好照顾”  练习题 1. Could you ___ my cat when I am on holiday? A. take care B. take care of C. take a look D. take place 2. We should ___ ourselves when we live alone. (用 take care of 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. B 解析：take care of my cat 表示 “照顾我的猫”，符合句意。 2. take care of 解析：情态动词 should 后接动词原形。 8. from now on 从现在起  核心用法：时间状语短语，多用于一般将来时，强调从当下开始的动作。  例句：From now on, I will get up early to exercise every day.  拓展：同义短语为 from this moment on  练习题 1. ___ , we must keep our classroom clean. A. From now on B. In the past C. Last week D. Yesterday 2. I ___ study hard from now on. (用 will 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：from now on 表示 “从现在起”，符合 “保持教室干净” 的语境。 2. will 解析：from now on 提示用一般将来时，直接填 will。 9. turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开  核心用法：后接电器、水龙头等名词，反义词组为 turn off（关闭）。  例句：Please turn on the light. It's too dark here.  拓展：注意区分 turn on（打开电器）和 open（打开门窗、盒子等）  练习题 1. Can you ___ the TV? I want to watch the news. A. turn down B. turn off C. turn up D. turn on 2. He ___ the radio to listen to music. (用 turn on 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. D 解析：turn on the TV 表示 “打开电视”，符合 “看新闻” 的句意。 2. turned on 解析：描述过去的动作，用一般过去时。 10. be about to 即将；正要（做某事）  核心用法：后接动词原形，强调动作马上就要发生，不与具体时间状语连用。  例句：I was about to leave when the phone rang.  拓展：常见结构 be about to do ... when ... 表示 “正要做某事，这时……”  练习题 1. We ___ have dinner when the doorbell rang. A. are about to B. were about to C. will be about to D. is about to 2. She ___ go to school when it began to rain. (用 be about to 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. B 解析：由 rang 可知用一般过去时，主语 we 对应的 be 动词是 were。 2. was about to 解析：主语 she 是第三人称单数，由 began 可知用一般过去时。 11. eat out 上馆子吃饭；在外用餐  核心用法：不及物动词短语，无需接宾语，反义词组为 eat at home。  例句：We often eat out on weekends because we don't want to cook.  拓展：同义表达为 have dinner outside  练习题 1. Let's ___ tonight. I know a good restaurant nearby. A. eat out B. eat in C. eat up D. eat off 2. They ___ with their friends last night. (用 eat out 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. A 解析：eat out 表示 “出去吃”，符合 “去附近好餐厅” 的语境。 2. ate out 解析：由 last night 可知用一般过去时，eat 的过去式为 ate。 12. in a panic 惊慌失措  核心用法：介词短语，在句中作状语，形容人慌张的状态。  例句：She ran out of the burning house in a panic.  拓展：同义短语为 in panic，含义相同  练习题 1. When the fire broke out, people ran away ___. A. in a slow way B. in a happy way C. in a panic D. in a quiet way 2. He left the classroom ___ when he saw the teacher. (用 in a panic 的适当形式填空)  答案与解析： 1. C 解析：着火时人们会惊慌失措地逃跑，in a panic 符合语境。 2. in a panic 解析：短语作状语，无需变形，直接填入即可。 1. What’s wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches.  句意翻译：怎么了？我昨晚吃得太多了，现在肚子疼。  句型结构： o 问句：What’s wrong?（怎么了？）—— 用于询问对方身体不适或遇到的麻烦。 o 答句：主语 + 过去式 + 其他（过去的动作）+ 主语 + 现在式 + 其他（现在的结果）  关键知识点：What’s wrong? 是口语常用句型，无需加介词 with sb.  练习题 1. 翻译句子：怎么了？我感冒了，现在头痛。  What’s wrong? I caught a cold, and now my head ___.  答案与解析：aches 解析：主语 my head 是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 2. You shouldn’t eat so much next time.  句意翻译：下次你可别吃这么多啦。  句型结构：主语 + shouldn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 —— 表示 “不应该做某事” 的建议。  关键知识点：shouldn’t 是 should not 的缩写，表否定建议，语气委婉。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：你不应该熬夜。  You ___ stay up late.  答案与解析：shouldn’t 解析：表示否定建议，用 shouldn’t 后接动词原形。 3. What’s the matter? I have a really bad toothache.  句意翻译：怎么了？我牙齿疼得厉害。  句型结构： o 问句：What’s the matter?（怎么了？）—— 与 What’s wrong? 同义，可加 with sb. o 答句：主语 + have/has + a + 形容词 + 病痛名词 —— 描述身体疼痛的程度。  关键知识点：have a bad toothache 中 bad 修饰病痛的程度。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：怎么了？我喉咙痛得厉害。  What’s the matter? I have a ___ sore throat.  答案与解析：really bad 解析：用 really bad 修饰 sore throat，强调疼痛程度。 4. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now.  句意翻译：你应该去看牙医并拍 X 光片，目前可以吃些软食。  句型结构： o 主语 + should + 动词原形 + and + 动词原形 —— 表强烈建议。 o 主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其他 —— 表委婉的可选建议。  关键知识点：should 建议更强烈，could 语气更委婉，两者后都接动词原形。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：你应该多喝水，还可以喝点蜂蜜水。  You ___ drink more water, and you ___ drink some water with honey.  答案与解析：should; could 解析：前半句表强烈建议用 should，后半句表委婉建议用 could。 5. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike.  句意翻译：你是怎么伤到自己的？我从自行车上摔下来的时候伤到了自己。  句型结构： o 问句：How + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 反身代词？ —— 询问受伤的方式。 o 答句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 反身代词 + when 引导的时间状语从句  关键知识点：反身代词要与主语人称一致，如 you 对应 yourself。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：他是怎么伤到自己的？他切菜的时候伤到了自己。  How did he hurt ___? He hurt himself when he cut vegetables.  答案与解析：himself 解析：主语 he 对应的反身代词是 himself。 6. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.  句意翻译：如果我们不够小心，就很容易伤到自己。  句型结构：If 引导的条件状语从句 + 主句 —— 遵循 “主将从现”，主句有情态动词时从句用一般现在时。  关键知识点：从句用一般现在时，主句用 “情态动词 + 动词原形”。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：如果你不注意，就会感冒。  If you are not careful, you ___ catch a cold easily.  答案与解析：can 解析：主句用情态动词 can 表 “可能”，后接动词原形。 7. I’m suffering from bad headache.  句意翻译：我正遭受着严重的头痛。  句型结构：主语 + be + suffering from + 病痛名词 —— 强调正在遭受的病痛。  关键知识点：suffer from 后接疾病名词，现在进行时表动作正在进行。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：他正遭受着严重的胃痛。  He ___ suffering from a bad stomachache.  答案与解析：is 解析：主语 he 是第三人称单数，现在进行时的 be 动词用 is。 8. He was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt.  句意翻译：他离锅子太近了，以至于一缕火焰瞬间就烧到了他的衬衫上。  句型结构：主语 + be + so + 形容词 / 副词 + that 从句 —— 表示 “如此…… 以至于……”。  关键知识点：so 后接形容词或副词，that 从句表结果。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：他跑得太快了，以至于摔倒了。  He ran ___ fast that he fell down.  答案与解析：so 解析：so ... that ... 引导结果状语从句，符合句意。 本单元核心语法为情态动词 should/could 表建议和反身代词 （一）情态动词 should/could 表示建议 1. 核心用法 情态动词 含义 语气 肯定式 否定式 should 应该，应当 强烈，表必要建议 主语 + should + 动词原形 主语 + shouldn’t + 动词原形 could 可以；能够 委婉，表可选建议 主语 + could + 动词原形 主语 + couldn’t + 动词原形（较少用） 2. 例句 o You should take medicine for your fever.（你应该吃退烧药。） o You could drink honey water for a sore throat.（喉咙痛可以喝蜂蜜水。）  练习题 1. You ___ brush your teeth twice a day. It's good for your teeth. A. should B. could C. would D. might 2. She has a cold. She ___ stay at home and rest. A. should B. shouldn’t C. can D. can’t 3. — I feel tired. What should I do? — You ___ have a good sleep. A. should B. could C. will D. shall 4. You ___ eat too much candy. It's bad for your teeth. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. couldn’t 5. — I want to improve my English. — You ___ join an English club. A. should B. could C. must D. need 答案与解析 1. A 解析：每天刷牙两次是必要建议，用 should。 2. A 解析：感冒应该在家休息，用 should 表建议。 3. A 解析：回应别人的问题，给出必要建议用 should。 4. B 解析：吃太多糖有害，用 shouldn’t 表否定建议。 5. B 解析：加入英语俱乐部是可选建议，语气委婉用 could。 （二）反身代词 1. 核心用法 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves o 功能： ① 作动词 / 介词宾语：强调动作作用于主语本身，如 hurt oneself（伤到自己）。 ② 作同位语：强调 “亲自”，如 I myself cooked dinner.（我亲自做了晚饭。） o 固定搭配：enjoy oneself、take care of oneself、by oneself 2. 例句 o Be careful with the knife—don’t cut yourself.（用刀小心，别割到自己。） o We cleaned the classroom ourselves.（我们自己打扫了教室。） 3. 易错点：反身代词不能单独作主语 练习题 1. She taught ___ English last year. A. her B. hers C. herself D. she 2. We enjoyed ___ at the party last night. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves 3. Tom, you should take care of ___ when your parents are away. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself 4. They finished the work ___. No one helped them. A. themselves B. them C. their D. theirs 5. My brother hurt ___ when he played basketball. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 答案与解析 1. C 解析：teach oneself 表示 “自学”，主语 she 对应 herself。 2. D 解析：enjoy oneself 表示 “玩得开心”，主语 we 对应 ourselves。 3. D 解析：take care of oneself 表示 “照顾自己”，主语 you 对应 yourself。 4. A 解析：作同位语强调 “亲自”，主语 they 对应 themselves。 5. D 解析：hurt oneself 表示 “伤到自己”，主语 my brother 对应 himself。 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Eating well and exercising often are key to staying healthy. I have a 1 habit of getting up early every morning. After washing my face, I drink 2 warm water first. My mom says it’s 3 for my digestion. I usually eat eggs and bread for breakfast, 4 they give me enough energy for the morning. I don’t eat too much junk food, 5 it can make me feel tired easily. After school, I always 6 for 30 minutes in the playground. Playing basketball is 7 and it helps me stay strong. I also make sure to sleep for at least 8 hours every night, because enough sleep is 8 for my body to rest. I think a healthy lifestyle can make us 9 and active. Do you have a healthy habit? 10 you exercise every day? 1．A．good B．well C．better 2．A．a B．some C．my 3．A．bad B．good C．better 4．A．but B．so C．because 5．A．but B．because C．and 6．A．exercise B．exercising C．to exercise 7．A．excited B．exciting C．more exciting 8．A．needs B．need C．necessary 9．A．health B．healthy C．healthily 10．A．Do B．Are C．Can 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者保持健康的生活方式。 1．句意：每天早上早起是我的一个好习惯。 good好的；well好地；better更好的。根据“habit of getting up early every morning”可知，此处指早起的好习惯，用形容词good修饰名词habit。故选A。 2．句意：洗完脸后，我先喝一些温水。 a一个；some一些；my我的。根据“warm water”可知，此处指喝一些温水。故选B。 3．句意：我妈妈说这对我的消化有好处。 bad坏的；good好的；better更好的。根据“My mom says it’s ... for my digestion.”可知，此处指喝温水对消化有好处，be good for“对……有好处”。故选B。 4．句意：我早餐通常吃鸡蛋和面包，因为它们能给我上午提供足够的能量。 but但是；so所以；because因为。根据“I usually eat eggs and bread for breakfast, ... they give me enough energy for the morning.”可知，前后两句是因果关系，后句表原因，用because连接。故选C。 5．句意：我不吃太多垃圾食品，因为它会让我很容易感到疲劳。 but但是；because因为；and和。根据“I don’t eat too much junk food, ... it can make me feel tired easily.”可知，前后两句是因果关系。故选B。 6．句意：放学后，我总是在操场上锻炼30分钟。 exercise锻炼，动词原形；exercising锻炼，动名词；to exercise锻炼，动词不定式。时态为一般现在时，主语是I，此处应用动词原形exercise作谓语。故选A。 7．句意：打篮球很刺激，它帮助我保持强壮。 excited兴奋的，修饰人；exciting令人兴奋的，修饰物；more exciting更令人兴奋的，比较级。根据“Playing basketball is ...”可知，此处指打篮球这件事令人兴奋，应用exciting。故选B。 8．句意：我也确保每晚至少睡8个小时，因为充足的睡眠对我的身体休息是必要的。 needs需要，动词第三人称单数；need需要，动词原形；necessary必要的，形容词。根据“enough sleep is ... for my body to rest”可知，此处充足的睡眠对我的身体休息是必要的，应用形容词necessary作表语。故选C。 9．句意：我认为健康的生活方式能让我们健康和活跃。 health健康，名词；healthy健康的，形容词；healthily健康地，副词。根据“make us ... and active”可知，此处应用形容词healthy作宾语补足语。故选B。 10．句意：你每天锻炼吗？ Do助动词，用于一般现在时，主语是复数或第一、二人称；Are是，be动词复数形式；Can能，情态动词。根据“... you exercise every day?”可知，此处是一般疑问句，且谓语动词exercise是实义动词，主语you是第二人称，应用助动词Do。故选A。 二、完形填空 In China, safety education (安全教育) is becoming more and more 11 now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about 12 they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the 13 at school? Take a look. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. A stampede always happens in 14 places. When students around you begin to push (推), just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you 15 in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands around. When earthquakes happen, you can hide 16 a desk quickly and hold on. It’ll protect you from falling things. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees and power lines. When there’s a 17 , leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put 18 over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them 19 and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! And when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can 20 some fresh air. 11．A．important B．difficult C．different D．easy 12．A．how B．why C．what D．that 13．A．things B．accidents C．students D．situations 14．A．busy B．crowded C．dirty D．safe 15．A．get lost B．become mad C．fall behind D．fall down 16．A．on B．behind C．under D．near 17．A．smoke B．fire C．flood D．drought 18．A．nothing wet B．anything dry C．something wet D．something dry 19．A．cry B．cough C．shout D．run 20．A．clean B．hit C．lose D．breathe 【答案】 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在中国日益受到重视的校园安全教育，讲解了踩踏、地震、火灾等主要校园意外的应对方法，帮助学生掌握保护自身安全的技能。 11．句意：在中国，安全教育现在正变得越来越重要。 important重要的；difficult困难的；different不同的；easy容易的。 根据“In China, safety education is becoming more and more ... now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school”可知，学校专门安排时间让学生学习安全教育，说明它非常重要。故选A。 12．句意：它帮助学生了解更多他们应该做什么来保护自己的安全。 how如何；why为什么；what什么；that无实义。 根据“It helps students learn more about ... they should do to keep themselves safe”可知，此处是“learn about + 宾语从句”，从句中缺少“do”的宾语，用what来引导。故选C。 13．句意：学校里的意外有哪些？ things事物；accidents意外；students学生；situations情况。 根据“What are the ... at school? Take a look. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school”可知，后文列举了踩踏、地震、火灾等校园意外，所以这里问的是“意外”。故选B。 14．句意：踩踏事故总是发生在拥挤的地方。 busy忙碌的；crowded拥挤的；dirty脏的；safe安全的。 根据“A stampede always happens in ... places. When students around you begin to push, just stand there and try to hold onto something”可知，踩踏事故的发生条件是人员拥挤，crowded符合这一特点。故选B。 15．句意：如果你在人群中摔倒，就移到一边，用双手保护头部。 get lost迷路；become mad发疯；fall behind落后；fall down摔倒。 根据“If you ... in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands around”可知，在拥挤人群中摔倒时需要采取防护动作，fall down符合语境。故选D。 16．句意：当地震发生时，你可以迅速躲到桌子下面并抓住它。 on在……上面；behind在……后面；under在……下面；near在……附近。 根据“When earthquakes happen, you can hide ... a desk quickly and hold on. It’ll protect you from falling things”可知，地震时躲在桌子下面可以防止被掉落物砸伤，under符合逃生常识。故选C。 17．句意：当发生火灾时，迅速离开教室。 smoke烟雾；fire火灾；flood洪水；drought干旱。 根据“When there’s a ... , leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke”可知，后文提到了烟雾、湿毛巾等应对措施，所以这里指“火灾”。故选B。 18．句意：最好用湿的东西捂住口鼻。 nothing wet没有湿的东西；anything dry任何干的东西；something wet湿的东西；something dry干的东西。 根据“It’s better to put ... over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke”可知，火灾逃生时用湿毛巾等物品捂住口鼻可以阻挡烟雾，something wet符合安全常识。故选C。 19．句意：烟雾会让他们咳嗽，无法呼吸。 cry哭；cough咳嗽；shout喊；run跑。 根据“Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them ... and they can’t breathe”可知，烟雾会刺激呼吸道，导致咳嗽，cough符合这一症状。故选B。 20．句意：然后你可以呼吸一些新鲜空气。 clean清洁；hit击打；lose失去；breathe呼吸。 根据“And when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can ... some fresh air”可知，贴近地面是为了呼吸到下方的新鲜空气，breathe符合语境。故选D。 三、阅读理解 A Healthy Eating Club Want to learn how to make healthy meals? Join us! We offer: - Weekly lessons on balanced diets. - Hands-on cooking classes for simple healthy dishes. - A “Healthy Food Show” to share your homemade healthy food. Time: 4:00—6:00 pm, Tuesday Call Anna at 5566778 for details. Sports Guidance Group Need help to keep fit? Join us: - Learn basic exercise moves for different ages. - Practice running and yoga with professional coaches. - Hold “Fun Sports Day” every month. Time: 3:00—5:00 pm, Thursday Email: sportsgroup@example.com Mental Health Society Care about your mental health? Our society: - Teaches how to manage stress and anxiety. - Organizes group talks to share feelings. - Offers tips for keeping a positive mood. Time: 7:00—8:00 pm, Saturday Tel: 8877665 Eye Care Club Want to protect your eyes? Our club: - Invites doctors to talk about eye health. - Teaches eye exercises to relax eyes. - Shares tips for using electronic devices properly. Time: 2:00—4:00 pm, Sunday Website: eyecareclub.com 21．If you want to learn how to make healthy dishes, you can ________. A．call Anna at 5566778 B．email sportsgroup@example.com C．join the Mental Health Society D．join the Eye Care Club 22．What activity does the Sports Guidance Group hold every month? A．Balanced diet lessons. B．Fun Sports Day. C．Group talks for mental health. D．Eye exercise training. 23．When is the Mental Health Society active? A．4:00—6:00 pm, Tuesday. B．3:00—5:00 pm, Thursday. C．7:00—8:00 pm, Saturday. D．2:00—4:00 pm, Sunday. 24．Which club would help you learn about protecting your eyes? A．Healthy Eating Club. B．Sports Guidance Group. C．Mental Health Society. D．Eye Care Club. 25．Where would you most likely find this information? A．In a story book. B．In a health magazine. C．In a travel guide. D．In a fashion newspaper. 【答案】21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了四个与健康相关的俱乐部或团体。 21．细节理解题。根据“Want to learn how to make healthy meals? Join us!...Call Anna at 5566778 for details.”可知，如果想学习如何制作健康菜肴，可以拨打5566778找安娜。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“Sports Guidance Group...Hold ‘Fun Sports Day’ every month.”可知，体育指导小组每月举办“趣味运动日”活动。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据“Mental Health Society...Time: 7:00—8:00 pm, Saturday”可知，心理健康协会的活动时间是周六晚上7点到8点。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据“Eye Care Club...Want to protect your eyes? Our club: - Invites doctors to talk about eye health.  - Teaches eye exercises to relax eyes. - Shares tips for using electronic devices properly.”可知，护眼俱乐部会帮助你学习如何保护眼睛。故选D。 25．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了四个与健康相关的俱乐部或团体，包括健康饮食俱乐部、体育指导小组、心理健康协会和护眼俱乐部，以及它们各自的活动内容和联系方式。由此可推知，这些信息最有可能出现在健康杂志上。故选B。 B Many students have unhealthy lifestyles. They often stay up late to study or play games. They also eat too much fast food and drink too much soda. This can lead to health problems like obesity, tiredness, and poor concentration. Li Ming is a high school student. He used to eat a lot of burgers and drink cola every day. He felt sleepy in class and often got sick. Later, he decided to change. He started to eat breakfast every morning, drink more water, and join a basketball team. Now he feels more energetic and does better in school. 26．What is a common unhealthy habit among students? A．Going to bed early. B．Eating fast food. C．Drinking water. D．Playing sports. 27．What problem may unhealthy lifestyles cause? A．Happiness. B．Obesity. C．Strong body. D．Good memory. 28．What did Li Ming do to change? A．Drank more cola. B．Stopped eating breakfast. C．Joined a basketball team. D．Studied all night. 29．How does Li Ming feel now? A．Sleepy. B．Sick. C．Energetic. D．Tired. 30．What can we learn from the passage? A．Fast food is good for health. B．Staying up late is healthy. C．Healthy habits help us study better. D．Exercise is not important. 【答案】26．B 27．B 28．C 29．C 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要指出了学生中存在的不健康生活方式及其危害，并以李明为例说明了养成健康习惯带来的积极变化。 26．细节理解题。根据第1段“They also eat too much fast food and drink too much soda.”可知，学生中常见的不健康习惯之一是吃太多快餐。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据第1段“This can lead to health problems like obesity, tiredness, and poor concentration.”可知，不健康的生活方式可能导致肥胖等问题。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据第2段“He started to eat breakfast every morning, drink more water, and join a basketball team.”可知，李明为了改变，参加了篮球队。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据第2段“Now he feels more energetic and does better in school.”可知，李明现在感觉更有活力。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据文章主旨，通过描述不健康习惯的危害和李明养成健康习惯后的积极变化（感觉更有活力、在学校表现更好），我们可以了解到健康习惯能帮助我们学得更好。故选C。 19 / 21乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $优秀生培养计划 第2讲 Unit 2 Stay healthy（新教材人教版） 内容提要 高频词汇 常考短语 重点句型 核心语法 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理 模块三 核心考点精准练 模块四 综合题型助提升 1. Vocabulary Master 15 key health words and their collocations to describe illnesses correctly. 2. Sentence Patterns Learn 8 basic sentence patterns to ask about health and give proper suggestions. 3. Grammar Grasp should/could for advice and reflexive pronouns in daily communication. 1. sore /sɔː(r)/adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的  核心含义：形容身体部位因受伤、劳累产生的隐痛或酸痛。  常见搭配：sore throat（喉咙痛）、sore back（背痛）、sore knee（膝盖酸痛）  例句：I have a sore throat and can't speak loudly.  拓展：该词常与身体部位名词搭配，描述局部疼痛  练习题 1. My legs are ___ after running 5 kilometers. A. sore B. pain C. hurt D. ache 2. She has a ___ throat, so she drinks warm water with honey. (用 sore 的适当形式填空) 3. Which word can describe the pain in your muscles after exercise? A. happy B. sore C. sad D. tired 2. headache /ˈhedeɪk/n. 头痛  核心含义：头部的疼痛，常见身体不适症状。  常见搭配：have a headache（头痛）、a bad headache（剧烈头痛）、get a headache（头痛发作）  例句：Staying up late will make you get a headache easily.  拓展：构词法：head（头）+ ache（痛），同类词有 toothache、stomachache  练习题 1. I can't go to school today because I have a terrible ___. A. head B. headache C. stomach D. toothache 2. She ___ a headache after watching TV for 4 hours. (用 have 的适当形式填空) 3. Which of the following is a pain in the head? A. toothache B. stomachache C. headache D. backache 3. stomachache /ˈstʌməkeɪk/n. 胃痛；肚子疼  核心含义：胃部或腹部的疼痛感。  常见搭配：have a stomachache（胃痛）、get a stomachache from eating too much（吃太多导致胃痛）  例句：The little boy had a stomachache after eating cold ice cream.  拓展：其词根 stomach 意为 “胃；腹部”  练习题 1. Eating too much junk food may cause a ___. A. headache B. toothache C. stomachache D. sore throat 2. My sister ___ a stomachache now, so she lies down to rest. (用 have 的适当形式填空) 3. What should you do if you have a stomachache? A. Eat more food B. Lie down and rest C. Run fast D. Drink cold water 4. avoid /əˈvɔɪd/v. 避免；防止  核心含义：主动躲开不想遇到的人、事或情况。  常见搭配：avoid doing sth.（避免做某事）、avoid mistakes（避免错误）、avoid danger（躲避危险）  例句：We should avoid going out alone at night for safety.  拓展：avoid 后接动名词，不能接动词不定式  练习题 1. You should ___ eating too much sugar to keep healthy. A. avoid B. make C. let D. have 2. She tries ___ staying up late because it's bad for her health. (用 avoid 的适当形式填空) 3. Which sentence is correct? A. I avoid to eat junk food. B. I avoid eating junk food. C. I avoid eat junk food. D. I avoiding eat junk food. 5. fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/n. 发烧  核心含义：体温超过正常范围的身体症状。  常见搭配：have a fever（发烧）、a high fever（高烧）、take one's temperature for fever（量体温看是否发烧）  例句：She had a high fever and was taken to the hospital.  拓展：固定短语 run a fever 与 have a fever 同义  练习题 1. If you have a ___, you should drink more water and rest. A. fever B. cough C. cold D. toothache 2. The nurse ___ his temperature because he had a fever. (用 take 的适当形式填空) 3. What's the sign of having a fever? A. Low temperature B. Normal temperature C. High temperature D. No temperature 6. cough /kɒf/n. & v. 咳嗽  核心含义：名词指咳嗽的动作或症状；动词指发出咳嗽的动作。  常见搭配：have a cough（咳嗽）、cough badly（咳嗽得厉害）、dry cough（干咳）  例句：He coughed a lot because he caught a cold.  拓展：形容词形式为 coughy，意为 “咳嗽的”  练习题 1. She has a bad ___ and can't sleep well at night. A. stomachache B. fever C. headache D. cough 2. The little girl ___ when she has a cold. (用 cough 的适当形式填空) 3. Which action is a cough? A. Closing eyes B. Clearing throat with a sound C. Smiling D. Running 7. medicine /ˈmedsn/n. 药；医学  核心含义：名词，可指治疗疾病的药物，也可指医学学科。  常见搭配：take medicine（吃药）、traditional Chinese medicine（中药）、study medicine（学医）  例句：You should take this medicine three times a day after meals.  拓展：形容词形式为 medical，意为 “医学的；医疗的”  练习题 1. You must take ___ when you are ill. A. food B. medicine C. water D. fruit 2. My uncle studies ___ and wants to be a doctor. (用 medicine 的适当形式填空) 3. Which sentence is right? A. I take medicine to get better. B. I eat medicine to get better. C. I drink medicine to get better. D. I have medicine to get better. 8. patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的  核心含义：作名词指接受治疗的人；作形容词指做事不急躁。  常见搭配：a patient with a cold（感冒病人）、be patient with sb.（对某人有耐心）  例句：The doctor is very patient with all his patients.  拓展：名词形式为 patience，意为 “耐心”  练习题 1. The ___ are waiting for the doctor in the waiting room. A. patient B. patients C. patience D. patiently 2. We should be ___ with children when they make mistakes. (用 patient 的适当形式填空) 3. What's the adjective form of "patient" (名词)? A. patient B. patience C. patiently D. patiency 9. safety /ˈseɪfti/n. 安全；安全处所  核心含义：名词，指没有危险、不受伤害的状态或地方。  常见搭配：traffic safety（交通安全）、food safety（食品安全）、safety first（安全第一）  例句：We must pay attention to our safety when we cross the road.  拓展：形容词形式为 safe，意为 “安全的”；副词形式为 safely  练习题 1. ___ is the most important thing when we do sports. A. Happy B. Safety C. Dangerous D. Safe 2. It's ___ to stay at home alone at night for a child. (用 safe 的适当形式填空) 3. Which word is a noun? A. safe B. safely C. safety D. save 10. harmful /ˈhɑːmfl/adj. 有害的  核心含义：形容对人或事物有损害、有坏处的。  常见搭配：be harmful to（对…… 有害）、harmful food（有害食品）、harmful habits（有害习惯）  例句：Smoking is harmful to our health.  拓展：名词形式为 harm，意为 “伤害；损害”  练习题 1. Eating too much junk food is ___ to your body. A. useful B. good C. helpful D. harmful 2. Noise pollution is ___ to people's hearing. (用 harm 的适当形式填空) 3. Which of the following is harmful to eyes? A. Reading in bright light B. Doing eye exercises C. Reading in bed D. Eating vegetables 11. check /tʃek/v. 检查；查明 n. 检查；调查  核心含义：动词指查看、核对是否正确或安全；名词指检查的行为。  常见搭配：check one's temperature（量体温）、check the answers（核对答案）、a health check（健康检查）  例句：The doctor checked my heart and said I was healthy.  拓展：常见短语 check in 表示 “登记入住；报到”  练习题 1. You should ___ your homework before handing it in. A. check B. do C. make D. have 2. The nurse ___ his blood pressure yesterday. (用 check 的适当形式填空) 3. What does "check your temperature" mean? A. 量体温 B. 做作业 C. 看电视 D. 听音乐 12. allergic /əˈlɜːdʒɪk/adj. 过敏的  核心含义：形容对某种物质产生过敏反应的。  常见搭配：be allergic to（对…… 过敏）、allergic to peanuts（对花生过敏）、allergic reaction（过敏反应）  例句：She is allergic to cats, so she can't keep a cat as a pet.  拓展：名词形式为 allergy，意为 “过敏症”  练习题 1. My brother is ___ to pollen, so he often sneezes in spring. A. allergic B. happy C. sad D. afraid 2. If you are ___ to seafood, you shouldn't eat it. (用 allergy 的适当形式填空) 3. What will happen if you are allergic to something? A. Feel happy B. Have a reaction like sneezing C. Sleep well D. Eat a lot 13. pain /peɪn/n. 疼痛；痛苦  核心含义：名词，指身体上的疼痛感或心理上的痛苦。  常见搭配：in pain（处于痛苦中）、feel pain（感到疼痛）、physical pain（身体疼痛）  例句：She cried in pain when she hurt her leg.  拓展：形容词形式为 painful，意为 “疼痛的；痛苦的”  练习题 1. He felt a sharp ___ in his arm after falling down. A. tired B. happy C. sad D. pain 2. The ___ in her stomach lasted for two hours. (用 pain 的适当形式填空) 3. What's the adjective form of "pain"? A. pain B. painful C. painfully D. paining 14. nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/adj. 紧张不安的  核心含义：形容因担心、焦虑而感到不安的状态。  常见搭配：feel nervous（感到紧张）、be nervous about（对…… 感到紧张）、nervous before exams（考前紧张）  例句：She felt nervous before her first speech.  拓展：副词形式为 nervously，意为 “紧张不安地”  练习题 1. I always feel ___ when I have an English test. A. nervous B. happy C. sad D. excited 2. He walked ___ into the teacher's office. (用 nervous 的适当形式填空) 3. Which situation may make you nervous? A. Playing with friends B. Giving a speech C. Eating ice cream D. Sleeping 15. burn /bɜːn/v. (burnt, burnt) 燃烧；着火  核心含义：动词，指物质燃烧，或皮肤被烫伤、烧伤。  常见搭配：burn one's hand（烫伤手）、burn down（烧毁）、catch fire and burn（着火燃烧）  例句：She burnt her finger when she was cooking.  拓展：形容词形式为 burnt，意为 “烧焦的；烧伤的”  练习题 1. Don't touch the hot pan, or you will ___ your hand. A. burn B. cut C. hurt D. hit 2. The fire ___ the house last night. (用 burn 的适当形式填空) 3. What's the past tense of "burn"? A. burn B. burnt C. burning D. burns 1. suffer from 受苦；受折磨  核心用法：后接疾病或痛苦的名词，指长期遭受某种病痛或困扰。  例句：Many people suffer from back pain because of sitting too long.  拓展：多用于描述慢性疾病或持续的不适  练习题 1. He ___ a fever for three days. A. suffered from B. took care of C. looked after D. got over 2. My grandfather ___ high blood pressure for many years. (用 suffer from 的适当形式填空) 2. take one's temperature 给某人量体温  核心用法：固定短语，one's 随主语变化，如 take my/your/his temperature。  例句：The nurse took my temperature and said I didn't have a fever.  拓展：同义短语为 take the temperature of sb.  练习题 1. The doctor ___ before he gave me some medicine. A. took my temperature B. took my medicine C. took my food D. took my book 2. You should ___ your temperature when you feel hot. (用 take 的适当形式填空) 3. stop ... from doing 防止……；阻止……  核心用法：阻止某人或某物做某事，from 后接动名词，可省略。  例句：We should stop people from cutting down trees.  拓展：同义短语为 prevent ... from doing  练习题 1. We must stop him ___ in the river. It's dangerous. A. from swimming B. to swim C. swim D. swam 2. The rain stopped us from ___ a picnic. (用 have 的适当形式填空) 4. catch fire 着火  核心用法：不及物动词短语，主语是着火的物体，无被动语态。  例句：The old house caught fire because of a cigarette end.  拓展：近义词组为 be on fire（着火，强调状态）  练习题 1. The dry wood ___ easily in summer. A. catches up B. catches a cold C. catches fire D. catches the bus 2. The building ___ last night and many people were hurt. (用 catch fire 的适当形式填空) 5. first aid 急救  核心用法：名词短语，指对伤者或病人进行的紧急救治。  例句：Everyone should learn some first aid knowledge.  拓展：常见搭配有 first aid kit（急救箱）、first aid training（急救培训）  练习题 1. We need to give him ___ before the ambulance arrives. A. first class B. first food C. first book D. first aid 2. She took a ___ course to help people in need. (用 first aid 的适当形式填空) 6. lie down 平躺；平卧  核心用法：动词短语，lie 此处是不及物动词，过去式为 lay。  例句：If you have a headache, you should lie down and rest.  拓展：注意区分 lie（躺）的过去式 lay 和动词 lay（放置）的过去式 laid  练习题 1. She ___ on the sofa and fell asleep quickly. A. lay down B. lied down C. laid down D. layed down 2. You'd better ___ for a while after lunch. (用 lie 的适当形式填空) 7. take care of 照顾；照料  核心用法：后接人或物，意为照顾、看管，同义短语为 look after。  例句：She stayed at home to take care of her sick mother.  拓展：take good care of 表示 “好好照顾”  练习题 1. Could you ___ my cat when I am on holiday? A. take care B. take care of C. take a look D. take place 2. We should ___ ourselves when we live alone. (用 take care of 的适当形式填空) 8. from now on 从现在起  核心用法：时间状语短语，多用于一般将来时，强调从当下开始的动作。  例句：From now on, I will get up early to exercise every day.  拓展：同义短语为 from this moment on  练习题 1. ___ , we must keep our classroom clean. A. From now on B. In the past C. Last week D. Yesterday 2. I ___ study hard from now on. (用 will 的适当形式填空) 9. turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开  核心用法：后接电器、水龙头等名词，反义词组为 turn off（关闭）。  例句：Please turn on the light. It's too dark here.  拓展：注意区分 turn on（打开电器）和 open（打开门窗、盒子等）  练习题 1. Can you ___ the TV? I want to watch the news. A. turn down B. turn off C. turn up D. turn on 2. He ___ the radio to listen to music. (用 turn on 的适当形式填空) 10. be about to 即将；正要（做某事）  核心用法：后接动词原形，强调动作马上就要发生，不与具体时间状语连用。  例句：I was about to leave when the phone rang.  拓展：常见结构 be about to do ... when ... 表示 “正要做某事，这时……”  练习题 1. We ___ have dinner when the doorbell rang. A. are about to B. were about to C. will be about to D. is about to 2. She ___ go to school when it began to rain. (用 be about to 的适当形式填空) 11. eat out 上馆子吃饭；在外用餐  核心用法：不及物动词短语，无需接宾语，反义词组为 eat at home。  例句：We often eat out on weekends because we don't want to cook.  拓展：同义表达为 have dinner outside  练习题 1. Let's ___ tonight. I know a good restaurant nearby. A. eat out B. eat in C. eat up D. eat off 2. They ___ with their friends last night. (用 eat out 的适当形式填空) 12. in a panic 惊慌失措  核心用法：介词短语，在句中作状语，形容人慌张的状态。  例句：She ran out of the burning house in a panic.  拓展：同义短语为 in panic，含义相同  练习题 1. When the fire broke out, people ran away ___. A. in a slow way B. in a happy way C. in a panic D. in a quiet way 2. He left the classroom ___ when he saw the teacher. (用 in a panic 的适当形式填空) 1. What’s wrong? I ate too much last night. Now my stomach aches.  句意翻译：怎么了？我昨晚吃得太多了，现在肚子疼。  句型结构： o 问句：What’s wrong?（怎么了？）—— 用于询问对方身体不适或遇到的麻烦。 o 答句：主语 + 过去式 + 其他（过去的动作）+ 主语 + 现在式 + 其他（现在的结果）  关键知识点：What’s wrong? 是口语常用句型，无需加介词 with sb.  练习题 1. 翻译句子：怎么了？我感冒了，现在头痛。  What’s wrong? I caught a cold, and now my head ___. 2. You shouldn’t eat so much next time.  句意翻译：下次你可别吃这么多啦。  句型结构：主语 + shouldn’t + 动词原形 + 其他 —— 表示 “不应该做某事” 的建议。  关键知识点：shouldn’t 是 should not 的缩写，表否定建议，语气委婉。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：你不应该熬夜。  You ___ stay up late. 3. What’s the matter? I have a really bad toothache.  句意翻译：怎么了？我牙齿疼得厉害。  句型结构： o 问句：What’s the matter?（怎么了？）—— 与 What’s wrong? 同义，可加 with sb. o 答句：主语 + have/has + a + 形容词 + 病痛名词 —— 描述身体疼痛的程度。  关键知识点：have a bad toothache 中 bad 修饰病痛的程度。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：怎么了？我喉咙痛得厉害。  What’s the matter? I have a ___ sore throat. 4. You should see the dentist and get an X-ray. You could eat some soft food for now.  句意翻译：你应该去看牙医并拍 X 光片，目前可以吃些软食。  句型结构： o 主语 + should + 动词原形 + and + 动词原形 —— 表强烈建议。 o 主语 + could + 动词原形 + 其他 —— 表委婉的可选建议。  关键知识点：should 建议更强烈，could 语气更委婉，两者后都接动词原形。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：你应该多喝水，还可以喝点蜂蜜水。  You ___ drink more water, and you ___ drink some water with honey. 5. How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike.  句意翻译：你是怎么伤到自己的？我从自行车上摔下来的时候伤到了自己。  句型结构： o 问句：How + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 反身代词？ —— 询问受伤的方式。 o 答句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 反身代词 + when 引导的时间状语从句  关键知识点：反身代词要与主语人称一致，如 you 对应 yourself。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：他是怎么伤到自己的？他切菜的时候伤到了自己。  How did he hurt ___? He hurt himself when he cut vegetables. 6. If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves.  句意翻译：如果我们不够小心，就很容易伤到自己。  句型结构：If 引导的条件状语从句 + 主句 —— 遵循 “主将从现”，主句有情态动词时从句用一般现在时。  关键知识点：从句用一般现在时，主句用 “情态动词 + 动词原形”。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：如果你不注意，就会感冒。  If you are not careful, you ___ catch a cold easily. 7. I’m suffering from bad headache.  句意翻译：我正遭受着严重的头痛。  句型结构：主语 + be + suffering from + 病痛名词 —— 强调正在遭受的病痛。  关键知识点：suffer from 后接疾病名词，现在进行时表动作正在进行。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：他正遭受着严重的胃痛。  He ___ suffering from a bad stomachache. 8. He was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt.  句意翻译：他离锅子太近了，以至于一缕火焰瞬间就烧到了他的衬衫上。  句型结构：主语 + be + so + 形容词 / 副词 + that 从句 —— 表示 “如此…… 以至于……”。  关键知识点：so 后接形容词或副词，that 从句表结果。  练习题 1. 翻译句子：他跑得太快了，以至于摔倒了。  He ran ___ fast that he fell down. 本单元核心语法为情态动词 should/could 表建议和反身代词 （一）情态动词 should/could 表示建议 1. 核心用法 情态动词 含义 语气 肯定式 否定式 should 应该，应当 强烈，表必要建议 主语 + should + 动词原形 主语 + shouldn’t + 动词原形 could 可以；能够 委婉，表可选建议 主语 + could + 动词原形 主语 + couldn’t + 动词原形（较少用） 2. 例句 o You should take medicine for your fever.（你应该吃退烧药。） o You could drink honey water for a sore throat.（喉咙痛可以喝蜂蜜水。）  练习题 1. You ___ brush your teeth twice a day. It's good for your teeth. A. should B. could C. would D. might 2. She has a cold. She ___ stay at home and rest. A. should B. shouldn’t C. can D. can’t 3. — I feel tired. What should I do? — You ___ have a good sleep. A. should B. could C. will D. shall 4. You ___ eat too much candy. It's bad for your teeth. A. should B. shouldn’t C. could D. couldn’t 5. — I want to improve my English. — You ___ join an English club. A. should B. could C. must D. need （二）反身代词 1. 核心用法 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves o 功能： ① 作动词 / 介词宾语：强调动作作用于主语本身，如 hurt oneself（伤到自己）。 ② 作同位语：强调 “亲自”，如 I myself cooked dinner.（我亲自做了晚饭。） o 固定搭配：enjoy oneself、take care of oneself、by oneself 2. 例句 o Be careful with the knife—don’t cut yourself.（用刀小心，别割到自己。） o We cleaned the classroom ourselves.（我们自己打扫了教室。） 3. 易错点：反身代词不能单独作主语 练习题 1. She taught ___ English last year. A. her B. hers C. herself D. she 2. We enjoyed ___ at the party last night. A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves 3. Tom, you should take care of ___ when your parents are away. A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself 4. They finished the work ___. No one helped them. A. themselves B. them C. their D. theirs 5. My brother hurt ___ when he played basketball. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Eating well and exercising often are key to staying healthy. I have a 1 habit of getting up early every morning. After washing my face, I drink 2 warm water first. My mom says it’s 3 for my digestion. I usually eat eggs and bread for breakfast, 4 they give me enough energy for the morning. I don’t eat too much junk food, 5 it can make me feel tired easily. After school, I always 6 for 30 minutes in the playground. Playing basketball is 7 and it helps me stay strong. I also make sure to sleep for at least 8 hours every night, because enough sleep is 8 for my body to rest. I think a healthy lifestyle can make us 9 and active. Do you have a healthy habit? 10 you exercise every day? 1．A．good B．well C．better 2．A．a B．some C．my 3．A．bad B．good C．better 4．A．but B．so C．because 5．A．but B．because C．and 6．A．exercise B．exercising C．to exercise 7．A．excited B．exciting C．more exciting 8．A．needs B．need C．necessary 9．A．health B．healthy C．healthily 10．A．Do B．Are C．Can 二、完形填空 In China, safety education (安全教育) is becoming more and more 11 now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about 12 they should do to keep themselves safe. What are the 13 at school? Take a look. Stampedes, earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. A stampede always happens in 14 places. When students around you begin to push (推), just stand there and try to hold onto something. If you 15 in the crowd, move to one side and protect your head with your hands around. When earthquakes happen, you can hide 16 a desk quickly and hold on. It’ll protect you from falling things. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees and power lines. When there’s a 17 , leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put 18 over your mouth and nose. In this way, you won’t breathe in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them 19 and they can’t breathe. That’s very dangerous! And when you want to get out, you should make yourself close to the floor. Then you can 20 some fresh air. 11．A．important B．difficult C．different D．easy 12．A．how B．why C．what D．that 13．A．things B．accidents C．students D．situations 14．A．busy B．crowded C．dirty D．safe 15．A．get lost B．become mad C．fall behind D．fall down 16．A．on B．behind C．under D．near 17．A．smoke B．fire C．flood D．drought 18．A．nothing wet B．anything dry C．something wet D．something dry 19．A．cry B．cough C．shout D．run 20．A．clean B．hit C．lose D．breathe 三、阅读理解 A Healthy Eating Club Want to learn how to make healthy meals? Join us! We offer: - Weekly lessons on balanced diets. - Hands-on cooking classes for simple healthy dishes. - A “Healthy Food Show” to share your homemade healthy food. Time: 4:00—6:00 pm, Tuesday Call Anna at 5566778 for details. Sports Guidance Group Need help to keep fit? Join us: - Learn basic exercise moves for different ages. - Practice running and yoga with professional coaches. - Hold “Fun Sports Day” every month. Time: 3:00—5:00 pm, Thursday Email: sportsgroup@example.com Mental Health Society Care about your mental health? Our society: - Teaches how to manage stress and anxiety. - Organizes group talks to share feelings. - Offers tips for keeping a positive mood. Time: 7:00—8:00 pm, Saturday Tel: 8877665 Eye Care Club Want to protect your eyes? Our club: - Invites doctors to talk about eye health. - Teaches eye exercises to relax eyes. - Shares tips for using electronic devices properly. Time: 2:00—4:00 pm, Sunday Website: eyecareclub.com 21．If you want to learn how to make healthy dishes, you can ________. A．call Anna at 5566778 B．email sportsgroup@example.com C．join the Mental Health Society D．join the Eye Care Club 22．What activity does the Sports Guidance Group hold every month? A．Balanced diet lessons. B．Fun Sports Day. C．Group talks for mental health. D．Eye exercise training. 23．When is the Mental Health Society active? A．4:00—6:00 pm, Tuesday. B．3:00—5:00 pm, Thursday. C．7:00—8:00 pm, Saturday. D．2:00—4:00 pm, Sunday. 24．Which club would help you learn about protecting your eyes? A．Healthy Eating Club. B．Sports Guidance Group. C．Mental Health Society. D．Eye Care Club. 25．Where would you most likely find this information? A．In a story book. B．In a health magazine. C．In a travel guide. D．In a fashion newspaper. B Many students have unhealthy lifestyles. They often stay up late to study or play games. They also eat too much fast food and drink too much soda. This can lead to health problems like obesity, tiredness, and poor concentration. Li Ming is a high school student. He used to eat a lot of burgers and drink cola every day. He felt sleepy in class and often got sick. Later, he decided to change. He started to eat breakfast every morning, drink more water, and join a basketball team. Now he feels more energetic and does better in school. 26．What is a common unhealthy habit among students? A．Going to bed early. B．Eating fast food. C．Drinking water. D．Playing sports. 27．What problem may unhealthy lifestyles cause? A．Happiness. B．Obesity. C．Strong body. D．Good memory. 28．What did Li Ming do to change? A．Drank more cola. B．Stopped eating breakfast. C．Joined a basketball team. D．Studied all night. 29．How does Li Ming feel now? A．Sleepy. B．Sick. C．Energetic. D．Tired. 30．What can we learn from the passage? A．Fast food is good for health. B．Staying up late is healthy. C．Healthy habits help us study better. D．Exercise is not important. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $