精品解析：江苏扬州市广陵区扬州市新华中学2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试高一年级英语试题

2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试 高一年级英语试卷 注意事项 1.本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。 2.答题前，请务必将学校、姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。 3.请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔按题号在答题纸指定区域作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. How do the speakers usually go to the library? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 2. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Writing reviews. B. Choosing teachers. C. Making a list of courses. 3: Why does the woman apologize? A. The soup is cold. B. The service is slow. C. The order is wrong. 4. What made the woman afraid? A. A wild animal. B. A dream. C. The dark. 5. What will the speakers probably look for next? A. A friend. B. A cake. C. A shirt. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How is the man feeling? A. Sad. B. Tired. C. Proud. 7. What has the woman practiced most? A. Running. B. Lifting weights. C. Walking long distances. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. In the park. C. At the beach. 9. What does the man suggest for future gatherings? A. A beach day. B. A holiday party. C. A spring picnic. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Mother and son. 11. How did the woman learn the skills? A. From her job. B. From some friends. C. From business courses. 12. What will the man do next? A. Go to an office. B. Practice speaking. C. Introduce his family members. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the man mostly shop now? A. From small shops. B. From online stores. C. From large supermarkets. 14. Why does the woman take the man to the farmers’ market? A. To meet local people. B. To sell their products. C. To eat some food. 15. What is most important for the man? A. Saving money. B. Having healthy food. C. Making new friends. 16. Who mostly shops at this farmers’ market? A. Local families. B. Business owners. C. University students. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker? A. A student advisor. B. A science teacher. C. A student volunteer. 18. How long has the speaker worked at this school? A. 15 years. B. 10 years. C. 5 years. 19. Who taught the speaker the most? A. The students. B. The teachers. C. The principal. 20. What event will be held next week? A. A career fair. B. A volunteer activity. C. A parent-teacher meeting 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A FLIGHT-FREE CANARIES The Canary Islands are a rather good travel choice, with daytime temperatures hardly below 22℃ from December to March. This winter, B-Corp rail tour company Byway has started a flight-free package, taking travellers from London to Lanzarote. The trip across the land takes 4-5 days; but an 18-day tour is recommended. The route passes through France and Spain by train, then to Lanzarote by ferry. It is measured that the trip has 78% lower carbon emissions (碳排放)compared with the same journey by plane. HIKE There are many mountains in Timanfaya, the island’s only national park, which was formed by 18th-19th century volcanic eruptions (火山喷发). Hikers can take one of two guided trails here. SEE Local artist César Manrique shaped the island’s building style. His work can be seen in Jameos del Agua — a cultural centre. Travellers can also visit his home in Haria, where his studio and belongings are on show. SHOP Teguise, Lanzarote’s past capital, is famous for its lively Sunday market. Against white buildings and a 15th-century church tower, stall owners sell food, clothing and volcanic rock jewellery. DO Find Europe’s first and only underwater museum, Museo Atlantico, in the island’s south west, with figures 39-46ft underwater. There is guided diving for all levels. Byway’s 18-day tour costs from £2,915 per person. 1. What do we know about Byway’s trip? A. It includes a direct flight to Lanzarote. B. It is friendlier to the environment. C. It is priced at £2,915 for each person. D. It is a fixed journey lasting for 18 days. 2. What may travellers do at Teguise’s market? A. Hike along two guided trails. B. Visit a famous cultural centre. C. Buy a volcanic rock necklace. D. Dive in the underwater museum. 3. Where are we most likely to read this passage? A. In a geography book. B. In a travel magazine. C. In a science textbook. D. In a story collection. B 17-year-old Zoe Chen has had a strong interest in space exploration since her early childhood. At the age of 8, she watched the launch of China’s Shenzhou spacecraft on TV with her family. The amazing scene of the rocket rising into the deep blue sky deeply touched her, and she immediately made up her mind to devote herself to the field of aerospace (航空航天) science. Unlike many teenagers of her age who lost themselves in smartphones, computers and video games in their spare time, Zoe spent most weekends visiting local science museums, reading books about astronomy and rocket technology, and even taking detailed notes to figure out key knowledge and ask her science teacher for professional advice. To realize her dream, Zoe worked very hard at school every day. She focused on improving her grades in physics and mathematics, which are indispensable for aerospace research. She also joined her school’s science club, where she worked closely with teammates to do small experiments, repeatedly adjusting (调整) experimental factors and solving unexpected problems to get valuable practical experience. In 2024, she and her team spent three months carefully designing a model rocket that could reach 500 meters, getting over difficulties such as material shortages and structural defects (结构性缺陷), finally winning first prize in a national youth science competition. Her design was highly praised by judges for its creativity and practicality, as it mixed simple and easy-to-get materials with exact structural design. When asked about her future plans in an interview, Zoe said, “I want to study aerospace engineering in a top college and contribute to China’s space program one day. No dream is too big as long as you keep working hard for it.” Her story not only inspires her classmates to follow their own interests and actively join the school’s science club but also shows that young people can make a real difference with continuous effort and honest devotion to their goals. 4. Why did Zoe decide to study aerospace science? A. She was a role model of her classmates. B. She was inspired by Shenzhou’s launch. C. She aimed to win national science contests. D. She was encouraged by her science teacher. 5. What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 probably means? A. Unnecessary. B. Difficult. C. Important. D. Interesting. 6. Why did Zoe’s model win the prize in 2024? A. It could fly as high as 500 meters. B. It brought fresh ideas to rocket design. C. It combines new and old materials. D. It solves problems in operating rockets. 7. What can we learn from Zoe’s story? A Devotion as well as luck helps to live one’s dreams. B. Building dreams requires spare time and energy. C. Continuous hard work is key to achieving dreams. D. Scientific dreams are within reach of talented youths. C Enough sleep is very important for teenagers’ physical and mental development. During the teenage years, the body grows fast and the brain becomes more mature (成熟的) day by day. Sleep gives the body and brain the rest they need to get back energy, which directly influences teenagers’ daily study efficiency and physical health. Many health experts point out that not getting enough sleep not only makes teenagers feel tired and sleepy during the day, but also affects their long-term development. According to guidelines (指南) from the Health Ministry, teenagers aged 13 to 18 should sleep 8 to 10 hours every night. However, a recent survey of 2,000 teenagers shows that more than 60% of them sleep less than 7 hours a day. The main reasons include staying up late to use electronic devices, too much homework that usually takes over two hours to finish, and irregular daily schedules. Experts remind that staying up late will affect the production of melatonin — a hormone (激素) that controls sleep and helps growth — which may lead to poor sleep quality and slow physical growth. Besides affecting the body lack of sleep also harms teenagers’ mental health. It may make them more likely to feel worried, angry or even sad when facing small problems. What’s more, poor sleep will greatly reduce their ability to focus in class and remember new things. That’s why many students who often stay up late find it hard to follow teachers’ lessons and keep new knowledge in mind. On the other hand, teenagers with good sleep habits are usually more energetic in daily life and do better in their studies. To improve teenagers’ sleep quality, schools should give homework properly to reduce students’ study stress. Parents should help their children form regular daily schedules, such as limiting time spent on electronic devices before bed. Teenagers themselves should understand the importance of sleep and try to go to bed and get up on time. Only with enough sleep can teenagers grow up healthily and study well. 8. What does the first paragraph tell us about teenagers’ sleep? A. Poor sleep mainly harms teens’ mental health. B. Enough sleep plays a key role in teens’ health. C. Lack of sleep causes brain problems among teens. D. Sleep has little influence on teens’ study efficiency. 9. What does the survey suggest? A. Less homework ensures sleep quality. B. Most teens meet the health guidelines. C. Teens’ health suffers from lack of sleep. D. Melatonin leads to better learning results. 10. What can we infer about good sleep from the text? A. It supports teenagers’ school success. B. It makes learning easier for teenagers. C. It ensures teenagers’ life achievements. D. It helps teenagers manage their feelings. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. How Lost Sleep Damages Teenagers’ Health B. Healthy Sleep Powers Teenagers’ Well-being C. Leading Causes of Teenagers’ Lack of Sleep D. Approaches to Quality Sleep for Teenagers D Imagine you’re at a wedding. You enjoy a beautiful sunset with friends, then go to the bar for drinks. Suddenly, someone pours a large glass of red wine all over your clothes. You feel bad and a little mad. Years later, perhaps you won’t remember the sunset most clearly — you’ll remember the bad experience. This is due to the “peak-end rule.” Our memories don’t record every detail of an experience. Instead, they focus on two key moments: the strongest feeling part (the “peak”) and the final part (the “end”). How long the event lasted matters less, a phenomenon (现象) known as “duration neglect.” For example, one bite of amazing chocolate is often remembered more vividly than slowly eating a whole bar of ordinary chocolate. The peak moment and the quality of the ending matter more than how long it lasts in shaping our memory. This idea was clearly shown by psychologist (心理学家) Daniel Kahneman and his team in a well-known experiment. Participants (参与者) went through two trials (试验). In one, they placed a hand in uncomfortably cold water (14℃) for 60 seconds. In the other, they placed the other hand in the same cold water for 60 seconds, but then kept it in for an extra 30 seconds during which the temperature was raised slightly to 15℃ — still cold, but noticeably less so. When later asked which trial they would prefer to repeat, a majority chose the longer one. Despite experiencing discomfort for a longer total time, the memory of the trial was less negative because it ended on a slightly less uncomfortable note. The peak-end rule has been observed in many areas of life, from getting medical treatments to judging customer service. Businesses actively use this understanding. For example, IKEA places affordable treats like hot dogs and ice cream at the exit, aiming to end the shopping journey on a positive peak. Similarly, doctors often give children a small prize like a sticker after a check-up, and vacation planners might save a special activity for the final day. Understanding this rule helps us to be more careful about designing experiences, whether planning a birthday party, a study schedule, or a community event. By thoughtfully considering where the natural or created peaks might be and how the experience ends, we can shape more positive and lasting memories for ourselves and others. 12. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. It argues that our memories are usually wrong. B. It explains the peak-end rule and how it works. C. It gives advice on how to remember things better. D. It describes how people remember food experiences. 13. Why did most participants choose the longer trial in the experiment? A. They were left with a more positive impression. B. They forgot about the unpleasant experiences. C. They preferred much higher water temperature. D. They experienced less discomfort in the process. 14. What vacation plan best shows the peak-end rule? A. Put the most exciting part at the beginning. B. Arrange low-cost activities during the trip. C. Have a surprise in store for the final day. D. Avoid unpleasant activities in the schedule. 15. What is the author’s view on the peak-end rule? A. It is a useful tool for business design. B. It reduces memories of painful events. C. It makes experiences more enjoyable. D. It helps overcome negative situations. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Getting along well with classmates is key for high school students. Good relationships make school life happier and aid study. However, some struggle to make friends. Here are practical tips to build good classmate relationships. Listening is the basis of good communication. ____16____ When a classmate shares worries or joy, put down your phone and focus. Nod occasionally and ask simple questions. This makes them feel cared for and understood. Everyone has unique ideas and hobbies. When disagreeing with classmates, don’t blindly stick with your view. ____17____ Try to understand their opinions. For example, say, “Your idea is interesting. Can you tell me more?” Respecting others avoids unnecessary arguments. ____18____ That is because they can bridge gaps between people. Lend a pen to a forgetful classmate or help clean the classroom. Share notes with an ill, absent classmate. These small things warm relationships and build trust. Honesty is key for long-term friendships. ____19____ If your mistake affects a classmate, don’t hide it. Apologize sincerely and try to make up. For example, if you break their stationery accidentally, tell the truth and offer a replacement. Honesty builds the trust needed for strong friendships. Besides, being friendly to new classmates expands your social circle. When a new student joins, say hello and introduce yourself. Invite them to group activities. ____20____ In short, building good relationships needs patience and sincerity. By listening, respecting, being kind, honest and friendly, you can make more friends and enjoy happier school life. A. Small acts of kindness bring people close. B. Active listening helps you understand others better. C. After all, it builds the basis for friendships worth trust. D. You should avoid heated quarrels with your classmates. E. Instead, you should respect others’ different viewpoints. F. Spending more time with friends can strengthen relationships. G. This active friendliness helps you form new friendships quickly. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节 完形填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My neighbor Jim worked on a construction field. He had difficulty deciding if he wanted to retire (退休)until he ran into a younger man he’d worked with ____21____. The man had a wife and three children, and was finding it ____22____ to support his family, as he hadn’t worked in some time. The situation moved Jim deeply. Here was a family ____23____ to survive while he was debating whether to continue working though he had enough savings for a ____24____ retirement. The next morning, Jim went to the union office and ____25____ his retirement paperwork. As for his replacement, he gave them the ____26____ of the struggling young man. Jim knew this job could change the family’s life. That young husband and father has been working ever since — six years now. Recently, Jim ran into him at the grocery store. The man’s face ____27____ when he saw Jim. “You saved my family,” he said, his voice ____28____ with emotion. “That job gave us ____29____ and hope when we had none.” Jim felt tears in his eyes. He hadn’t expected that his ____30____ to retire early would make such a far-reaching influence. “You would have done the same,” Jim ____31____ modestly. But the young man ____32____ his head. “Not everyone would. You gave up your income to help a stranger. That’s real ____33____.” As Jim walked away, he ____34____ this was the best retirement gift he could have given himself — the ____35____ of knowing he’d changed a family’s future. 21. A. regularly B. previously C. definitely D. frequently 22. A. amazing B. alarming C. challenging D. tiring 23. A. aiming B. struggling C. tending D. seeking 24. A. comfortable B. potential C. routine D. energetic 25 A. awarded B. provided C. updated D. presented 26. A. address B. identity C. name D. account 27. A. lit up B. shot up C. cheered up D. turned up 28. A. filled B. covered C. equipped D. concerned 29. A. convenience B. security C. flexibility D. responsibility 30. A. desire B. failure C. judgment D. decision 31. A. explained B. admitted C. described D. replied 32. A. hung B. turned C. shook D. lifted 33. A. generosity B. performance C. quality D. respect 34. A. proved B. realized C. stressed D. announced 35. A. reflection B. confidence C. satisfaction D. expectation 第二节 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Song Qiujun, a design engineer from Shanghai’s Jinshan district, is devoted to bringing back black pottery, ____36____ ancient technique with a 5,000-year history across China. Black pottery is a great ____37____(achieve) in Chinese pottery-making, and stands as one of the nation’s cultural symbols. It has major historical value and rich cultural ____38____(meaning). What’s more, black pottery ____39____(regard) as a representative of Liangzhu culture (3300-2300 BC), a Neolithic period that existed in the Yangtze River Delta region. Pottery ware (器皿)of this kind is ____40____(typical) made of gray clay (陶土), with bright, smooth outside and unique shapes. Since ancient times, researchers and poets ____41____ (praise) it as “black yet crystal clear, shining like gold”. Tinglin town in Jinshan district has discovered a large number of black pottery handmade works from the Neolithic period in Liangzhu, ____42____ serve as important clues in studying the region’s history and culture. It is also around that time that Song’s career began taking off. After ____43____(graduate) from school in 1999 he stepped into the building decoration industry. He started his own business in 2003 ____44____ made a fortune over the following year. While continuing his business success, Song always felt an attachment ____45____ his hometown and the district’s cultural roots. For him, a district’s unique cultural identity is just as important as its economic success. 第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46. She was so tired after the long run _________ she fell asleep immediately.（用适当的词填空） 47. Tom, together with his pet dog, _________ (take) a walk in the park every evening after dinner. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. We were about to set off for a picnic _________ it began to rain. （用适当的词填空） 49. This is the new library _________we can borrow all kinds of books. （用适当的词填空） 50. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, _________ they pack them into the car instead. （用适当的词填空） 51. For centuries, the Winter Solstice, known as Dong Zhi in Chinese, _________(celebrate) across China with unique customs. （所给词的适当形式填空） 52. Our school club has 50 members, many of _________ joined it in their first year of high school. （用适当的词填空） 53. This is the only pen _________ I can use to write the English composition. （用适当的词填空） 54. A new hospital _________ (build) in our city, and it is expected to be completed next year. (所给词适当形式填空) 55. He admired his middle school teacher, _________ patience and encouragement helped him through a difficult period. (用适当的词填空) 第四节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，使整个句子句意完整，语法正确；每空一词，错一空分全扣。 56. However, for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity__________each challenge. 但是,对你们当中思维积极的人来说,机会存在于每一个挑战中。 57. If you keep working hard, you will definitely _________ _________ _________ your parents’ expectations. 如果你坚持努力学习，你一定会不辜负父母的期望。 58. After you have ________ it ________, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns. 在你全面考虑之后，冷静地解释你的行为和感受，仔细倾听，并设法消除他们的顾虑。 59. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are _________ _________ _________ the meaning of friendship. 然而如今，使我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的意义。 60. Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can _________ _________ you all the time like a rain cloud. 关于你外表的负面想法可能会像雨云一样一直笼罩着你。 61. Most people assume that regular exercise _________ _________ for the body and mind — but what exactly are its health benefits? 大多数人认为定期锻炼对身心有奇效，但它对健康究竟有什么好处呢？ 62. Though he missed the training, he _________ _________ _________ it by practicing twice as long the next day. 虽然他错过了训练，但第二天他用加倍练习来弥补了这件事。 63. To show respect for Qu Yuan’s spirit, people have kept the custom _________ _________ _________ him for thousands of years. 为了彰显对屈原精神的敬意，人们几千年来一直保留着纪念他的习俗。 64. With the Spring Festival approaching, our hometown always _________ _________ a warm and busy atmosphere. 随着春节的临近，我们的家乡总会呈现出温馨又忙碌的氛围。 65. She found it at last: a simple beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which _________ _________ _________ _________ to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了：一条简洁又美丽的表链，和他的金表很配，那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假设你是李华，寒假即将来临，你制定了一份个人健身计划。请给你的英国笔友Chris写一封电子邮件，征求他的建议。内容包括： 1.制定原因； 2.计划内容； 3.征求建议。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chris, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年第一学期期末考试 高一年级英语试卷 注意事项 1.本试卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。 2.答题前，请务必将学校、姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。 3.请用0.5毫米黑色签字笔按题号在答题纸指定区域作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. How do the speakers usually go to the library? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 2. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Writing reviews. B. Choosing teachers. C. Making a list of courses. 3: Why does the woman apologize? A. The soup is cold. B. The service is slow. C. The order is wrong. 4. What made the woman afraid? A. A wild animal. B. A dream. C. The dark. 5. What will the speakers probably look for next? A. A friend. B. A cake. C. A shirt. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How is the man feeling? A. Sad. B. Tired. C. Proud. 7. What has the woman practiced most? A. Running. B. Lifting weights. C. Walking long distances. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. In the park. C. At the beach. 9. What does the man suggest for future gatherings? A. A beach day. B. A holiday party. C. A spring picnic. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and employee. C. Mother and son. 11. How did the woman learn the skills? A. From her job. B. From some friends. C. From business courses. 12. What will the man do next? A. Go to an office. B. Practice speaking. C. Introduce his family members. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the man mostly shop now? A. From small shops. B. From online stores. C. From large supermarkets. 14. Why does the woman take the man to the farmers’ market? A. To meet local people. B. To sell their products. C. To eat some food. 15. What is most important for the man? A. Saving money. B. Having healthy food. C. Making new friends. 16. Who mostly shops at this farmers’ market? A. Local families. B. Business owners. C. University students. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker? A. A student advisor. B. A science teacher. C. A student volunteer. 18. How long has the speaker worked at this school? A. 15 years. B. 10 years. C. 5 years. 19. Who taught the speaker the most? A. The students. B. The teachers. C. The principal. 20. What event will be held next week? A. A career fair. B. A volunteer activity. C. A parent-teacher meeting 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A FLIGHT-FREE CANARIES The Canary Islands are a rather good travel choice, with daytime temperatures hardly below 22℃ from December to March. This winter, B-Corp rail tour company Byway has started a flight-free package, taking travellers from London to Lanzarote. The trip across the land takes 4-5 days; but an 18-day tour is recommended. The route passes through France and Spain by train, then to Lanzarote by ferry. It is measured that the trip has 78% lower carbon emissions (碳排放)compared with the same journey by plane. HIKE There are many mountains in Timanfaya, the island’s only national park, which was formed by 18th-19th century volcanic eruptions (火山喷发). Hikers can take one of two guided trails here. SEE Local artist César Manrique shaped the island’s building style. His work can be seen in Jameos del Agua — a cultural centre. Travellers can also visit his home in Haria, where his studio and belongings are on show. SHOP Teguise, Lanzarote’s past capital, is famous for its lively Sunday market. Against white buildings and a 15th-century church tower, stall owners sell food, clothing and volcanic rock jewellery. DO Find Europe’s first and only underwater museum, Museo Atlantico, in the island’s south west, with figures 39-46ft underwater. There is guided diving for all levels. Byway’s 18-day tour costs from £2,915 per person. 1. What do we know about Byway’s trip? A. It includes a direct flight to Lanzarote. B. It is friendlier to the environment. C. It is priced at £2,915 for each person. D. It is a fixed journey lasting for 18 days. 2. What may travellers do at Teguise’s market? A. Hike along two guided trails. B. Visit a famous cultural centre. C. Buy a volcanic rock necklace. D. Dive in the underwater museum. 3. Where are we most likely to read this passage? A. In a geography book. B. In a travel magazine. C. In a science textbook. D. In a story collection. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍Byway公司推出的伦敦至兰萨罗特岛无飞行旅行套餐，及当地徒步、观光等游玩项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This winter, B-Corp rail tour company Byway has started a flight-free package, taking travellers from London to Lanzarote.(今年冬天，共益企业铁路旅游公司Byway推出了一项无飞行套餐，带领游客从伦敦前往兰萨罗特岛)”和“It is measured that the trip has 78% lower carbon emissions compared with the same journey by plane.(据测算，这段旅程的碳排放量比乘飞机出行低78%)”可知，Byway的旅行是无飞行的，碳排放更低，对环境更友好。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据SHOP中的“Teguise, Lanzarote’s past capital, is famous for its lively Sunday market. Against white buildings and a 15th-century church tower, stall owners sell food, clothing and volcanic rock jewellery.(兰萨罗特岛的前首府特盖斯以其热闹的周日市场而闻名。在白色建筑和15世纪教堂塔楼的映衬下，摊主们售卖食物、服装和火山岩珠宝)”可知，游客在特盖斯的市场上可能会买到火山岩珠宝，火山岩项链属于此类。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了前往兰萨罗特岛的无飞行旅行套餐，以及当地的徒步、观光、购物、潜水等游玩项目和旅行价格，此类内容旨在向读者推荐旅行目的地和行程，最可能出现在旅游杂志中。故选B项。 B 17-year-old Zoe Chen has had a strong interest in space exploration since her early childhood. At the age of 8, she watched the launch of China’s Shenzhou spacecraft on TV with her family. The amazing scene of the rocket rising into the deep blue sky deeply touched her, and she immediately made up her mind to devote herself to the field of aerospace (航空航天) science. Unlike many teenagers of her age who lost themselves in smartphones, computers and video games in their spare time, Zoe spent most weekends visiting local science museums, reading books about astronomy and rocket technology, and even taking detailed notes to figure out key knowledge and ask her science teacher for professional advice. To realize her dream, Zoe worked very hard at school every day. She focused on improving her grades in physics and mathematics, which are indispensable for aerospace research. She also joined her school’s science club, where she worked closely with teammates to do small experiments, repeatedly adjusting (调整) experimental factors and solving unexpected problems to get valuable practical experience. In 2024, she and her team spent three months carefully designing a model rocket that could reach 500 meters, getting over difficulties such as material shortages and structural defects (结构性缺陷), finally winning first prize in a national youth science competition. Her design was highly praised by judges for its creativity and practicality, as it mixed simple and easy-to-get materials with exact structural design. When asked about her future plans in an interview, Zoe said, “I want to study aerospace engineering in a top college and contribute to China’s space program one day. No dream is too big as long as you keep working hard for it.” Her story not only inspires her classmates to follow their own interests and actively join the school’s science club but also shows that young people can make a real difference with continuous effort and honest devotion to their goals. 4. Why did Zoe decide to study aerospace science? A. She was a role model of her classmates. B. She was inspired by Shenzhou’s launch. C. She aimed to win national science contests. D. She was encouraged by her science teacher. 5. What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 probably means? A. Unnecessary. B. Difficult. C. Important. D. Interesting. 6. Why did Zoe’s model win the prize in 2024? A. It could fly as high as 500 meters. B. It brought fresh ideas to rocket design. C. It combines new and old materials. D. It solves problems in operating rockets. 7. What can we learn from Zoe’s story? A. Devotion as well as luck helps to live one’s dreams. B. Building dreams requires spare time and energy. C. Continuous hard work is key to achieving dreams. D. Scientific dreams are within reach of talented youths. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了17岁女孩Zoe Chen受神舟飞船发射启发，立志航天事业，并通过长期专注学习、积极参与实践和克服困难，最终在全国竞赛中获奖的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“At the age of 8, she watched the launch of China’s Shenzhou spacecraft on TV with her family. The amazing scene of the rocket rising into the deep blue sky deeply touched her, and she immediately made up her mind to devote herself to the field of aerospace (航空航天) science. (在8岁那年，她和家人一起在电视上观看了中国神舟飞船的发射过程。火箭升入湛蓝天空的那令人惊叹的景象深深触动了她，于是她当即下定决心要投身于航天科学领域)”可知，因受到神舟飞船发射的鼓舞，Zoe决定学习航天科学。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词的上文“She focused on improving her grades in physics and mathematics (她专注于提高自己在物理和数学方面的成绩)”可知，which引导的非限制性定语从句对先行词physics and mathematics作补充说明，结合科学常识可知，物理和数学对于航空航天研究是必不可少的，划线词意思应该是“必不可少的”，与Important“重要的”意思接近。A. 不必要的；B. 困难的；D. 有趣的。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Her design was highly praised by judges for its creativity and practicality, as it mixed simple and easy-to-get materials with exact structural design. (她的设计受到了评委们的高度赞扬，因其兼具创新性和实用性，它将简单易得的材料与精确的结构设计相结合)”可知，Zoe的模型获奖是因为它为火箭设计带来了新想法。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Her story not only inspires her classmates to follow their own interests and actively join the school’s science club but also shows that young people can make a real difference with continuous effort and honest devotion to their goals. (她的故事不仅激励了她的同学们去追寻自己的兴趣爱好，并积极加入学校的科学俱乐部，而且还表明年轻人只要不断努力、真诚地致力于自己的目标，就能够产生切实的影响)”可知，文章通过Zoe的具体事例，如努力学习、参加俱乐部、克服困难设计火箭，反复强调了持续努力对于实现梦想的关键作用。因此，我们可以从中得到的启示是：持续不断的努力是实现梦想的关键。故选C项。 C Enough sleep is very important for teenagers’ physical and mental development. During the teenage years, the body grows fast and the brain becomes more mature (成熟的) day by day. Sleep gives the body and brain the rest they need to get back energy, which directly influences teenagers’ daily study efficiency and physical health. Many health experts point out that not getting enough sleep not only makes teenagers feel tired and sleepy during the day, but also affects their long-term development. According to guidelines (指南) from the Health Ministry, teenagers aged 13 to 18 should sleep 8 to 10 hours every night. However, a recent survey of 2,000 teenagers shows that more than 60% of them sleep less than 7 hours a day. The main reasons include staying up late to use electronic devices, too much homework that usually takes over two hours to finish, and irregular daily schedules. Experts remind that staying up late will affect the production of melatonin — a hormone (激素) that controls sleep and helps growth — which may lead to poor sleep quality and slow physical growth. Besides affecting the body, lack of sleep also harms teenagers’ mental health. It may make them more likely to feel worried, angry or even sad when facing small problems. What’s more, poor sleep will greatly reduce their ability to focus in class and remember new things. That’s why many students who often stay up late find it hard to follow teachers’ lessons and keep new knowledge in mind. On the other hand, teenagers with good sleep habits are usually more energetic in daily life and do better in their studies. To improve teenagers’ sleep quality, schools should give homework properly to reduce students’ study stress. Parents should help their children form regular daily schedules, such as limiting time spent on electronic devices before bed. Teenagers themselves should understand the importance of sleep and try to go to bed and get up on time. Only with enough sleep can teenagers grow up healthily and study well. 8. What does the first paragraph tell us about teenagers’ sleep? A. Poor sleep mainly harms teens’ mental health. B. Enough sleep plays a key role in teens’ health. C. Lack of sleep causes brain problems among teens. D. Sleep has little influence on teens’ study efficiency. 9. What does the survey suggest? A. Less homework ensures sleep quality. B. Most teens meet the health guidelines. C. Teens’ health suffers from lack of sleep. D. Melatonin leads to better learning results. 10. What can we infer about good sleep from the text? A. It supports teenagers’ school success. B. It makes learning easier for teenagers. C. It ensures teenagers’ life achievements. D. It helps teenagers manage their feelings. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. How Lost Sleep Damages Teenagers’ Health B. Healthy Sleep Powers Teenagers’ Well-being C. Leading Causes of Teenagers’ Lack of Sleep D. Approaches to Quality Sleep for Teenagers 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了充足睡眠对青少年身心发展和学业的关键作用，揭示了青少年普遍睡眠不足的现状及其多重危害，并提出了改善睡眠质量的建议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Enough sleep is very important for teenagers’ physical and mental development. (充足的睡眠对于青少年的身心发展至关重要。)”可知，充足的睡眠在青少年的健康中起着关键作用。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, a recent survey of 2,000 teenagers shows that more than 60% of them sleep less than 7 hours a day. (然而，最近对2000名青少年的一项调查表明，超过60%的青少年每天的睡眠时间少于7小时。)”和“Experts remind that staying up late will affect the production of melatonin — a hormone (激素) that controls sleep and helps growth — which may lead to poor sleep quality and slow physical growth. (专家提醒，熬夜会影响褪黑素的分泌——这是一种控制睡眠和促进生长的激素——这可能会导致睡眠质量差和身体发育迟缓。)”可知，该调查表明青少年的健康因睡眠不足而受损。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“What’s more, poor sleep will greatly reduce their ability to focus in class and remember new things. That’s why many students who often stay up late find it hard to follow teachers’ lessons and keep new knowledge in mind. On the other hand, teenagers with good sleep habits are usually more energetic in daily life and do better in their studies. (此外，睡眠不佳会极大地降低他们在课堂上的专注力以及对新知识的记忆能力。这就是为什么许多经常熬夜的学生难以跟上老师的讲课节奏，并难以记住新知识的原因。另一方面，有良好睡眠习惯的青少年在日常生活中通常会更加精力充沛，在学业上也表现得更好。)”可知，通过对比睡眠不佳和睡眠良好对学习表现的影响，可推断出良好睡眠有助于青少年在学业上取得成功。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段总述充足睡眠的重要性；第二段通过调查数据说明睡眠不足的现状及对身体的影响；第三段阐述睡眠不足对心理健康和学习的具体危害，并对比良好睡眠的益处；第四段提出改善建议。因此，文章主要说明了健康睡眠对青少年健康的益处，B项“健康睡眠赋能青少年幸福”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 D Imagine you’re at a wedding. You enjoy a beautiful sunset with friends, then go to the bar for drinks. Suddenly, someone pours a large glass of red wine all over your clothes. You feel bad and a little mad. Years later, perhaps you won’t remember the sunset most clearly — you’ll remember the bad experience. This is due to the “peak-end rule.” Our memories don’t record every detail of an experience. Instead, they focus on two key moments: the strongest feeling part (the “peak”) and the final part (the “end”). How long the event lasted matters less, a phenomenon (现象) known as “duration neglect.” For example, one bite of amazing chocolate is often remembered more vividly than slowly eating a whole bar of ordinary chocolate. The peak moment and the quality of the ending matter more than how long it lasts in shaping our memory. This idea was clearly shown by psychologist (心理学家) Daniel Kahneman and his team in a well-known experiment. Participants (参与者) went through two trials (试验). In one, they placed a hand in uncomfortably cold water (14℃) for 60 seconds. In the other, they placed the other hand in the same cold water for 60 seconds, but then kept it in for an extra 30 seconds during which the temperature was raised slightly to 15℃ — still cold, but noticeably less so. When later asked which trial they would prefer to repeat, a majority chose the longer one. Despite experiencing discomfort for a longer total time, the memory of the trial was less negative because it ended on a slightly less uncomfortable note. The peak-end rule has been observed in many areas of life, from getting medical treatments to judging customer service. Businesses actively use this understanding. For example, IKEA places affordable treats like hot dogs and ice cream at the exit, aiming to end the shopping journey on a positive peak. Similarly, doctors often give children a small prize like a sticker after a check-up, and vacation planners might save a special activity for the final day. Understanding this rule helps us to be more careful about designing experiences, whether planning a birthday party, a study schedule, or a community event. By thoughtfully considering where the natural or created peaks might be and how the experience ends, we can shape more positive and lasting memories for ourselves and others. 12. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? A. It argues that our memories are usually wrong. B. It explains the peak-end rule and how it works. C. It gives advice on how to remember things better. D. It describes how people remember food experiences. 13. Why did most participants choose the longer trial in the experiment? A. They were left with a more positive impression. B. They forgot about the unpleasant experiences. C They preferred much higher water temperature. D. They experienced less discomfort in the process. 14. What vacation plan best shows the peak-end rule? A. Put the most exciting part at the beginning. B. Arrange low-cost activities during the trip. C. Have a surprise in store for the final day. D. Avoid unpleasant activities in the schedule. 15. What is the author’s view on the peak-end rule? A. It is a useful tool for business design. B It reduces memories of painful events. C. It makes experiences more enjoyable. D. It helps overcome negative situations. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过日常案例和心理学实验，解释了“峰终定律”如何影响人们对体验的记忆，并举例说明了该定律在商业和生活中的应用价值。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This is due to the “peak-end rule.” Our memories don’t record every detail of an experience. Instead, they focus on two key moments: the strongest feeling part (the “peak”) and the final part (the “end”). How long the event lasted matters less, a phenomenon (现象) known as “duration neglect.” For example, one bite of amazing chocolate is often remembered more vividly than slowly eating a whole bar of ordinary chocolate. The peak moment and the quality of the ending matter more than how long it lasts in shaping our memory. (这是由于“峰终定律”所致。我们的记忆并不会记录经历的每一个细节。相反，它们会聚焦于两个关键时刻：最强烈的感受部分（即“高峰”）和最后的部分（即“终点”）。事件持续的时间并不那么重要，这种现象被称为“持续时间忽视”。例如，一次美味巧克力的短暂品尝往往比慢慢享用一整块普通巧克力的记忆更为深刻。高峰时刻和终点时的品质比其持续时间在塑造我们的记忆方面更为重要。)”可知，该段详细说明了“峰终定律”的定义，并以品尝巧克力为例解释这一定律如何运作，即主要解释了“峰终定律”及其运作方式。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite experiencing discomfort for a longer total time, the memory of the trial was less negative because it ended on a slightly less uncomfortable note. (尽管总体经历了更长时间的不适，但对这次试验的记忆负面感更弱，因为它以稍轻微的不适感结束。)”可知，大多数参与者选择时间更长的试验，是因为他们留下了更积极的印象。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The peak moment and the quality of the ending matter more than how long it lasts in shaping our memory.(在塑造我们的记忆方面，巅峰时刻和结局的质量比它持续多久更重要)”以及第四段中“Similarly, doctors often give children a small prize like a sticker after a check-up, and vacation planners might save a special activity for the final day. (同样，医生经常在检查后给孩子们一个小奖品，比如贴纸，度假规划者可能会在最后一天安排一项特别的活动)”可知，“峰终定律”强调结尾体验对记忆的关键影响，将惊喜安排在假期最后一天，可创造积极的“终值”，从而提升整体记忆，最能体现该定律。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Businesses actively use this understanding. For example, IKEA places affordable treats like hot dogs and ice cream at the exit, aiming to end the shopping journey on a positive peak. Similarly, doctors often give children a small prize like a sticker after a check-up, and vacation planners might save a special activity for the final day. (企业会积极利用这种认知。例如，宜家会在出口处摆放价格实惠的美食，如热狗和冰淇淋，旨在让购物之旅在积极的高潮中结束。)”可知，作者用宜家的案例说明该定律的应用价值。由此推知，作者的观点是“峰终定律”是商业设计的有用工具。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Getting along well with classmates is key for high school students. Good relationships make school life happier and aid study. However some struggle to make friends. Here are practical tips to build good classmate relationships. Listening is the basis of good communication. ____16____ When a classmate shares worries or joy, put down your phone and focus. Nod occasionally and ask simple questions. This makes them feel cared for and understood. Everyone has unique ideas and hobbies. When disagreeing with classmates, don’t blindly stick with your view. ____17____ Try to understand their opinions. For example, say, “Your idea is interesting. Can you tell me more?” Respecting others avoids unnecessary arguments. ____18____ That is because they can bridge gaps between people. Lend a pen to a forgetful classmate or help clean the classroom. Share notes with an ill, absent classmate. These small things warm relationships and build trust. Honesty is key for long-term friendships. ____19____ If your mistake affects a classmate, don’t hide it. Apologize sincerely and try to make up. For example, if you break their stationery accidentally, tell the truth and offer a replacement. Honesty builds the trust needed for strong friendships. Besides, being friendly to new classmates expands your social circle. When a new student joins, say hello and introduce yourself. Invite them to group activities. ____20____ In short, building good relationships needs patience and sincerity. By listening, respecting, being kind, honest and friendly, you can make more friends and enjoy happier school life. A. Small acts of kindness bring people close. B. Active listening helps you understand others better. C. After all, it builds the basis for friendships worth trust. D. You should avoid heated quarrels with your classmates. E. Instead, you should respect others’ different viewpoints. F. Spending more time with friends can strengthen relationships. G. This active friendliness helps you form new friendships quickly. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍与同学友好相处对高中生的重要性，并给出倾听、尊重等五项实用相处技巧。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Listening is the basis of good communication.(倾听是良好沟通的基础)”以及下文“When a classmate shares worries or joy, put down your phone and focus. Nod occasionally and ask simple questions. This makes them feel cared for and understood.(当同学分享烦恼或喜悦时，放下手机专注倾听。偶尔点头并提出简单的问题。这会让他们感到被关心和理解)”可知，此处应承接“倾听”这一核心，说明倾听的作用，B选项“Active listening helps you understand others better.(积极倾听有助于你更好地理解他人)”中的Active listening与上文的Listening呼应，又引出下文具体的倾听做法，符合语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“When disagreeing with classmates, don’t blindly stick with your view.(当与同学意见不一致时，不要盲目坚持自己的观点)”以及下文“Try to understand their opinions. For example, say, “Your idea is interesting. Can you tell me more?” Respecting others avoids unnecessary arguments.(试着理解他们的观点。例如，说：“你的想法很有趣。能多说说吗？”尊重他人可以避免不必要的争论)”可知，此处应体现“尊重不同观点”的态度，E选项“Instead, you should respect others’ different viewpoints.(相反，你应该尊重他人的不同观点)”中的Instead承接上文的don’t blindly stick with your view，respect others’ different viewpoints与下文的Respecting others相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“That is because they can bridge gaps between people. Lend a pen to a forgetful classmate or help clean the classroom. Share notes with an ill, absent classmate. These small things warm relationships and build trust.(这是因为它们可以拉近人与人之间的距离。借给健忘的同学一支笔，或者帮忙打扫教室。给生病缺席的同学分享笔记。这些小事能温暖关系并建立信任)”可知，本段核心是“小善举”的作用，A选项“Small acts of kindness bring people close.(小小的善举能拉近人与人之间的距离)”中的bring people close与下文的bridge gaps between people同义，点明本段主旨，符合语境。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Honesty is key for long-term friendships.(诚实是长期友谊的关键)”以及下文“If your mistake affects a classmate, don’t hide it. Apologize sincerely and try to make up.(如果你的错误影响到同学，不要隐瞒。真诚道歉并努力弥补)”可知，此处应进一步说明诚实对友谊的重要性，C选项“After all, it builds the basis for friendships worth trust.(毕竟，它为值得信任的友谊奠定了基础)”中的it指代上文的Honesty，builds the basis for friendships与上文的key for long-term friendships呼应，衔接下文的具体诚信做法，符合语境。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Besides, being friendly to new classmates expands your social circle. When a new student joins, say hello and introduce yourself. Invite them to group activities.(此外，对新同学友好可以扩大你的社交圈。当有新同学加入时，打招呼并自我介绍。邀请他们参加集体活动)”可知，此处应说明对新同学友好的结果，G选项“This active friendliness helps you form new friendships quickly.(这种积极的友好态度有助于你快速建立新的友谊)”中的form new friendships quickly与上文的expands your social circle相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节 完形填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My neighbor Jim worked on a construction field. He had difficulty deciding if he wanted to retire (退休)until he ran into a younger man he’d worked with ____21____. The man had a wife and three children, and was finding it ____22____ to support his family, as he hadn’t worked in some time. The situation moved Jim deeply. Here was a family ____23____ to survive while he was debating whether to continue working though he had enough savings for a ____24____ retirement. The next morning, Jim went to the union office and ____25____ his retirement paperwork. As for his replacement, he gave them the ____26____ of the struggling young man. Jim knew this job could change the family’s life. That young husband and father has been working ever since — six years now. Recently, Jim ran into him at the grocery store. The man’s face ____27____ when he saw Jim. “You saved my family,” he said, his voice ____28____ with emotion. “That job gave us ____29____ and hope when we had none.” Jim felt tears in his eyes. He hadn’t expected that his ____30____ to retire early would make such a far-reaching influence. “You would have done the same,” Jim ____31____ modestly. But the young man ____32____ his head. “Not everyone would. You gave up your income to help a stranger. That’s real ____33____.” As Jim walked away, he ____34____ this was the best retirement gift he could have given himself — the ____35____ of knowing he’d changed a family’s future. 21. A. regularly B. previously C. definitely D. frequently 22. A. amazing B. alarming C. challenging D. tiring 23. A. aiming B. struggling C. tending D. seeking 24. A. comfortable B. potential C. routine D. energetic 25. A. awarded B. provided C. updated D. presented 26. A. address B. identity C. name D. account 27. A. lit up B. shot up C. cheered up D. turned up 28. A. filled B. covered C. equipped D. concerned 29. A. convenience B. security C. flexibility D. responsibility 30. A. desire B. failure C. judgment D. decision 31. A. explained B. admitted C. described D. replied 32. A. hung B. turned C. shook D. lifted 33. A. generosity B. performance C. quality D. respect 34 A. proved B. realized C. stressed D. announced 35. A. reflection B. confidence C. satisfaction D. expectation 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述吉姆看到困境中的年轻人后，决定提前退休，将工作机会让给他，最终收获满满成就感的故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他一直难以决定是否要退休，直到遇到了一位他以前一起工作过的年轻人。A. regularly定期地；B. previously以前；C. definitely肯定地；D. frequently频繁地。根据下文讲述吉姆提前退休，给年轻人创造工作机会猜测他们之前共事过。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个男人有妻子和三个孩子，由于已经有一段时间没有工作了，他发现养家糊口很有挑战性。A. amazing令人惊奇的；B. alarming令人担忧的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. tiring令人疲惫的。根据下文“he hadn’t worked in some time”可知，没有工作就没有收入，养家会变得困难、有挑战性，“challenging”贴合语境，其余选项不符合“无工作导致养家难”的逻辑。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个家庭正在努力求生，而他却在纠结是否要继续工作，尽管他有足够的积蓄过上舒适的退休生活。A. aiming旨在；B. struggling努力、挣扎；C. tending倾向于；D. seeking寻找。结合前文“as he hadn’t worked in some time.”年轻人养家困难的语境，此处指家庭为了生存而努力挣扎。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个家庭正在努力求生，而他却在纠结是否要继续工作，尽管他有足够的积蓄过上舒适的退休生活。A. comfortable舒适的；B. potential潜在的；C. routine常规的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上文“he had enough savings”可知，足够的积蓄能让他的退休生活过得舒适。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，吉姆去了工会办公室，提交了他的退休文件。A. awarded 授予；B. provided 提供；C. updated 更新；D. presented 提交、递交。结合下文“his retirement paperwork”可知，决定退休的吉姆应是向工会办公室提交退休文件。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于他的继任者，他把那个陷入困境的年轻人的名字告诉了他们。A. address地址；B. identity身份；C. name名字；D. account账户。结合常识可知，吉姆想让年轻人接替自己的工作，需要向工会提供年轻人的名字。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个男人看到吉姆时，脸上露出了喜色。A. lit up（脸上）露出喜色、发亮；B. shot up迅速上升；C. cheered up使高兴、振作起来；D. turned up出现、调高。根据上文“That young husband and father has been working ever since — six years now.”可知，年轻人因为吉姆获得了工作，看到吉姆时应是开心的。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你救了我的家人，”他说，声音里充满了情感。A. filled充满；B. covered覆盖；C. equipped配备；D. concerned关心。根据上文“You saved my family,”可知，年轻人说这句话时声音里应是充满了感激。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“那份工作在我们一无所有的时候给了我们安全感和希望。”A. convenience便利；B. security安全感；C. flexibility灵活性；D. responsibility责任。根据下文“when we had none”可知，在一无所有时工作给了他安全感。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没想到自己提前退休的决定会产生如此深远的影响。A. desire渴望；B. failure失败；C. judgment判断；D. decision决定。根据上文“He had difficulty deciding if he wanted to retire (退休)until he ran into a younger man he’d worked with ____ ”吉姆决定提前退休并把工作让给年轻人可知，此处指这个决定带来的影响。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你也会这么做的，”吉姆谦虚地回答。A. explained解释；B. admitted承认；C. described描述；D. replied回答。根据上文““You saved my family,” he said, his voice ____ with emotion. “That job gave us ____ and hope when we had none.””可知，此处是吉姆对年轻人的回应。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但那个年轻人摇了摇头。A. hung悬挂；B. turned转动；C. shook摇晃；D. lifted举起。根据后文“Not everyone would.”可知，年轻人不认同吉姆的话。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“不是每个人都会这么做的。你放弃了自己的收入去帮助一个陌生人。这才是真正的慷慨。”A. generosity慷慨；B. performance表现；C. quality品质；D. respect尊重。吉姆放弃自己的工作收入，帮助陌生的年轻人，这种行为是慷慨的。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉姆走开时，他意识到这是他能给自己的最好的退休礼物——知道自己改变了一个家庭的未来所带来的满足感。A. proved证明；B. realized意识到；C. stressed强调；D. announced宣布。根据下文“this was the best retirement gift he could have given himself ”可知，吉姆此时才明白自己的善举带来的意义。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆走开时，他意识到这是他能给自己的最好的退休礼物——知道自己改变了一个家庭的未来所带来的满足感。A. reflection反思；B. confidence自信；C. satisfaction满足感；D. expectation期待。根据下文“knowing he’d changed a family’s future”可知，吉姆帮助了年轻人，改变了他的家庭，内心会充满满足感。故选C。 第二节 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Song Qiujun, a design engineer from Shanghai’s Jinshan district, is devoted to bringing back black pottery, ____36____ ancient technique with a 5,000-year history across China. Black pottery is a great ____37____(achieve) in Chinese pottery-making, and stands as one of the nation’s cultural symbols. It has major historical value and rich cultural ____38____(meaning). What’s more, black pottery ____39____(regard) as a representative of Liangzhu culture (3300-2300 BC), a Neolithic period that existed in the Yangtze River Delta region. Pottery ware (器皿)of this kind is ____40____(typical) made of gray clay (陶土), with bright, smooth outside and unique shapes. Since ancient times, researchers and poets ____41____ (praise) it as “black yet crystal clear, shining like gold”. Tinglin town in Jinshan district has discovered a large number of black pottery handmade works from the Neolithic period in Liangzhu, ____42____ serve as important clues in studying the region’s history and culture. It is also around that time that Song’s career began taking off. After ____43____(graduate) from school in 1999, he stepped into the building decoration industry. He started his own business in 2003 ____44____ made a fortune over the following year. While continuing his business success, Song always felt an attachment ____45____ his hometown and the district’s cultural roots. For him, a district’s unique cultural identity is just as important as its economic success. 【答案】36. an 37. achievement 38. meanings 39. is regarded 40. typically 41. have praised 42. which 43. graduating 44. and 45. to 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了上海金山区设计工程师宋秋军对黑陶文化的坚守，以及黑陶的历史价值、文化意义和相关历史发现。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：宋秋军是上海金山区的一名设计工程师，他致力于复兴黑陶——一项在中国拥有5000年历史的古老技艺。ancient technique为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一项古老的技艺”，为泛指，且ancient是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：黑陶是中国制陶业的一项伟大成就，也是国家的文化符号之一。空处前有不定冠词a和形容词great修饰，需用名词形式，achieve的名词为achievement，意为“成就”，为可数名词单数，符合语境。故填achievement。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：它具有重要的历史价值和丰富的文化内涵。meaning为可数名词，结合空前的rich（丰富的）可知，此处表示“丰富的文化意义”，需用复数形式meanings。故填meanings。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：此外，黑陶被视为良渚文化（公元前3300-2300年）的代表，良渚文化是长江三角洲地区存在的一个新石器时代文化。此处为句子谓语动词，主语black pottery与regard之间为被动关系，且全文整体时态为一般现在时，主语为单数，所以用is regarded。故填is regarded。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：这类陶器通常由灰色陶土制成，外表光亮光滑，造型独特。此处修饰动词made，需用副词形式，typical的副词为typically，意为“通常；典型地”，符合语境。故填typically。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：自古以来，研究者和诗人都称赞它“黑如漆、明如镜、亮如金”。根据时间状语Since ancient times（自古以来）可知，此处需用现在完成时，主语researchers and poets为复数，所以用have praised。故填have praised。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：金山区亭林镇发现了大量新石器时代良渚文化时期的黑陶手工作品，这些作品为研究该地区的历史和文化提供了重要线索。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a large number of black pottery handmade works，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1999年毕业后，他进入了建筑装饰行业。空处前有介词After，需用动名词形式，graduate的动名词为graduating。故填graduating。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：他于2003年创业，并在接下来的一年里发了财。此处连接两个并列的谓语动词started his own business和made a fortune，二者为顺承关系，所以用连词and。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：在事业持续成功的同时，宋秋军始终对家乡和该地区的文化根源怀有深厚的感情。attachment to为固定搭配，意为“对……的依恋；对……的感情”，所以此处用介词to。故填to。 第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 46. She was so tired after the long run _________ she fell asleep immediately.（用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查结果状语从句。句意：长跑之后她太累了，以至于立刻就睡着了。分析句子结构可知，此处考查so...that...，意为“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句，符合语境。故填that。 47. Tom, together with his pet dog, _________ (take) a walk in the park every evening after dinner. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】takes 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：汤姆每天晚饭后都会和他的宠物狗一起在公园里散步。空处为谓语动词，本句的主语为Tom，与take为主动关系，根据时间状语every evening可知，这里应用一般现在时，Tom为第三人称单数。故填takes。 48. We were about to set off for a picnic _________ it began to rain. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们正要出发去野餐，突然下起了雨。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处为固定句型were about to do...when...“过去正要做某事，这时突然……”。故填when。 49. This is the new library _________we can borrow all kinds of books. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我们能借阅各类书籍的新图书馆。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the new library，表示地点，在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 50. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, _________ they pack them into the car instead. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】so 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：许多家长说路上车辆太多，孩子们无法安全步行上学，所以他们反而开车送孩子上学。前半句“家长认为路上车多，孩子步行上学不安全”是原因，后半句“开车送孩子上学”是结果，二者为因果顺承关系，so作连词，表 “因此、所以”，符合语境。故填so。 51. For centuries, the Winter Solstice, known as Dong Zhi in Chinese, _________(celebrate) across China with unique customs. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】has been celebrated 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：几个世纪以来，中国各地都以独特的习俗庆祝冬至。分析句子结构可知，此空考查谓语动词，由时间状语For centuries可知，这里应用现在完成时；且主语the Winter Solstice与celebrate之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态；主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been celebrated。 52. Our school club has 50 members, many of _________ joined it in their first year of high school. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whom 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们学校的社团有 50 名成员，其中很多人都是在高一加入的。此处是“介词短语+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是members，指人，其在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom，many of whom整体作从句的主语。故填whom。 53. This is the only pen _________ I can use to write the English composition. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我唯一一支能用来写英语作文的笔。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词pen被only修饰，其在从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 54. A new hospital _________ (build) in our city, and it is expected to be completed next year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being built 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：我们城市正在建一所新医院，预计明年完工。根据后句“it is expected to be completed next year”可知，医院目前正在建设中，应用现在进行时；主语a new hospital与build之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填is being built。 55. He admired his middle school teacher, _________ patience and encouragement helped him through a difficult period. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他敬佩他的中学老师，老师的耐心和鼓励帮他度过了一段艰难的时期。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是his middle school teacher，指人，且关系代词在定语从句中作patience and encouragement的定语，表所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 第四节 完成句子（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，使整个句子句意完整，语法正确；每空一词，错一空分全扣。 56. However, for those of you with a positive mind, opportunity__________each challenge. 但是,对你们当中思维积极的人来说,机会存在于每一个挑战中。 【答案】lies in 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：但是,对你们当中思维积极的人来说,机会存在于每一个挑战中。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的谓语，结合汉语提示可知，动词短语lie in符合句意，句子是讲述一般事实，所以应用一般现在时，主语opportunity是名词单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填lies in。 57. If you keep working hard, you will definitely _________ _________ _________ your parents’ expectations. 如果你坚持努力学习，你一定会不辜负父母期望。 【答案】 ①. live ②. up ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。表达“不辜负”用动词短语live up to，助动词will后接live的原形。故填live；up；to。 58. After you have ________ it ________, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns. 在你全面考虑之后，冷静地解释你的行为和感受，仔细倾听，并设法消除他们的顾虑。 【答案】 ①. thought ②. through 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“全面考虑”，可用动词短语think through表示“充分考虑，仔细考虑”，且结合空前的“have”可知，时态为现在完成时，think需用过去分词的形式。故填①thought；②through。 59. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us connected are _________ _________ _________ the meaning of friendship. 然而如今，使我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的意义。 【答案】 ①. eating ②. away ③. at 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“侵蚀”，可用动词短语eat away at表达该意，结合空前的“are”可知，时态为现在进行时，eat需用现在分词形式。故填①eating；②away；③at。 60. Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can _________ _________ you all the time like a rain cloud. 关于你外表的负面想法可能会像雨云一样一直笼罩着你。 【答案】 ①. hang ②. over 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，此处表示“笼罩、萦绕”，为固定短语hang over，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填①hang；②over。 61. Most people assume that regular exercise _________ _________ for the body and mind — but what exactly are its health benefits? 大多数人认为定期锻炼对身心有奇效，但它对健康究竟有什么好处呢？ 【答案】 ①. does ②. wonders 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“有奇效”，可用动词短语do wonders表达该意，且从句描述的是通常性的事实，时态用一般现在时，主语exercise是不可数名词，do需用第三人称单数形式。故填①does；②wonders。 62. Though he missed the training, he _________ _________ _________ it by practicing twice as long the next day. 虽然他错过了训练，但第二天他用加倍练习来弥补了这件事。 【答案】 ①. made ②. up ③. for 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。根据句意，此处表示“弥补”，为固定短语make up for，结合前半句的一般过去时，此处谓语动词也用一般过去时made。故填①made；②up；③for。 63. To show respect for Qu Yuan’s spirit, people have kept the custom _________ _________ _________ him for thousands of years. 为了彰显对屈原精神的敬意，人们几千年来一直保留着纪念他的习俗。 【答案】 ①. in ②. memory ③. of 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：为了彰显对屈原精神的敬意，人们几千年来一直保留着纪念他的习俗。根据句意中文提示可知，表示“为了纪念……”应用in memory of，为固定介词短语，在句中作后置定语修饰custom，符合语境。故填in memory of。 64. With the Spring Festival approaching, our hometown always _________ _________ a warm and busy atmosphere. 随着春节的临近，我们的家乡总会呈现出温馨又忙碌的氛围。 【答案】 ①. takes ②. on 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和主谓一致。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“呈现”应用固定短语take on，在本句中作谓语，主语our hometown为单数，时间状语always提示应用一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式takes on，符合语境。故填takes on。 65. She found it at last: a simple beautiful watch chain for his gold watch, which _________ _________ _________ _________ to him from his grandfather. 她终于找到了：一条简洁又美丽的表链，和他的金表很配，那只金表是他的祖父传给他的。 【答案】 ①. had ②. been ③. passed ④. down 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态语态。表示“把……一代代传下去”用动词短语pass down，在从句中作谓语，主语which指代先行词watch，和pass down之间为被动关系，且动作发生在“找到”之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had；been；passed；down。 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假设你是李华，寒假即将来临，你制定了一份个人健身计划。请给你的英国笔友Chris写一封电子邮件，征求他的建议。内容包括： 1.制定原因； 2.计划内容； 3.征求建议。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Chris, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, How is everything going? The winter vacation is approaching, so I’ve made a personal fitness plan and I’m writing to ask for your advice. I made this plan because I want to improve my physical fitness, as I often feel tired recently and lack energy for study. Every morning, I plan to run for 30 minutes in the neighborhood, and every afternoon, I will do 20 minutes of bodyweight exercises like push-ups and squats. On weekends, I intend to go cycling with my friends. Do you think this plan is reasonable? Could you give me some suggestions to make it more effective? I would appreciate your help. Best wishes, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。寒假即将来临，考生制定了一份个人健身计划，要求考生给英国笔友Chris写一封电子邮件，征求他的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 来临：approach→draw near/be around the corner 疲惫的：tired→exhausted/worn out 切实可行的：reasonable→practical/sensible 缺少：lack→be short of 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：The winter vacation is approaching, so I’ve made a personal fitness plan and I’m writing to ask for your advice. 拓展句：With the winter vacation approaching, I’ve made a personal fitness plan and I’m writing to ask for your advice. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 I made this plan because I want to improve my physical fitness, as I often feel tired recently and lack energy for study. （运用了because和as引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】 The winter vacation is approaching, so I’ve made a personal fitness plan and I’m writing to ask for your advice.（运用了不定式作目的状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $