2026届高考英语课标重点高频短语解析及检测题12 导学案

2026高考英语重点高频短语解析及检测题12 一、高频短语精讲与精练 221. be enthusiastic ______ sb/sth 对……热情/感兴趣 ✰ 核心搭配：be enthusiastic about ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配about，后接人/事物，高考书面表达可用于“兴趣、态度描述”语境； ② 名词形式为enthusiasm，常考搭配show enthusiasm for（对……表现出热情）。 ✰ 例句 She is enthusiastic about volunteer work and takes part in it every weekend.（她对志愿工作充满热情，每周都参与。） 222. be equal ______ … 与……相等/平等 ✰ 核心搭配：be equal to ✰ 关键用法 ① 表“与……相等”接数量/事物，表“平等”接人，高考单选常考介词搭配； ② 拓展短语be equal to doing sth（能胜任做某事），to为介词，后接动名词，完形高频考点。 ✰ 例句 Women should be equal to men in all aspects of society.（女性在社会各方面应与男性平等。） 223. be faced ______ 面临 ✰ 核心搭配：be faced with ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配with，后接困难、挑战、问题等，高考书面表达常用于“问题分析”语境； ② 同义转换：be faced with a crisis = face a crisis（主动语态），语法填空常考句式变换。 ✰ 例句 Young people are faced with great pressure in finding a good job now.（现在年轻人面临着巨大的求职压力。） 224. be familiar ______ sth/______ sb 对某物熟悉/为某人所熟悉 ✰ 核心搭配：be familiar with sth / be familiar to sb ✰ 关键用法 ① 人作主语用with（主动熟悉），物作主语用to（被动被熟悉），高考完形/单选常考主被动辨析，易混高频考点； ② 无其他介词搭配，需牢记主语与介词的对应关系。 ✰ 例句 I am familiar with this English song because I have listened to it many times.（我熟悉这首英文歌，因为听了很多遍。） ✰ 例句 This English song is familiar to most middle school students.（这首英文歌为大多数中学生所熟悉。） 225. be fed up ______ (= be bored with) 对……感到厌烦 ✰ 核心搭配：be fed up with ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配with，后接人/事/物，语气比be bored with更强，表“极度厌烦”； ② 口语+书面语通用，高考完形常考情绪表达语境，介词无其他搭配。 ✰ 例句 He is fed up with the noisy environment around his home and plans to move.（他对家周围嘈杂的环境感到厌烦，打算搬家。） 226. be fit ______ 适合 ✰ 核心搭配：be fit for ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配for，后接职位、场合、用途等，表“胜任/适合”，高考单选常考介词填空； ② 拓展短语be fit to do sth（适合做某事），to为不定式符号，后接动词原形，可灵活运用。 ✰ 例句 She is fit for the position of English monitor because her English is excellent.（她适合当英语班长，因为她的英语很棒。） 227. be fluent ______ … ……是流利的 ✰ 核心搭配：be fluent in ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配in，后接语言类名词，高考书面表达常用于“个人能力描述”语境； ② 名词形式为fluency，常考搭配speak English with fluency（流利地说英语）。 ✰ 例句 He has lived in America for five years, so he is fluent in English.（他在美国住了五年，英语说得很流利。） 228. be foreign ______ sb/sth 对……是陌生的 ✰ 核心搭配：be foreign to ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配to，后接人/事物，表“对……来说陌生/与……格格不入”； ② 可接具体事物（知识、地方）或抽象概念（想法、习惯），完形常考语境延伸，介词无其他搭配。 ✰ 例句 This traditional custom is foreign to most young people now.（这个传统习俗对现在的大多数年轻人来说很陌生。） 229. be free ______ sth 不含……(有害物质)的 ✰ 核心搭配：be free of/from ✰ 关键用法 ① 介词of/from可互换，答案均正确，后接有害物质、费用、麻烦等，高考完形常考生活场景； ② 拓展义项：be free from sth（摆脱……）、be free of charge（免费），为高考高频拓展考点。 ✰ 例句 This kind of milk is free of sugar, so it is suitable for diabetics.（这种牛奶不含糖，适合糖尿病人饮用。） 230. be gifted ______ sth 在……方面有天赋 ✰ 核心搭配：be gifted in/at ✰ 关键用法 ① 介词in/at可互换，答案均正确，后接学科、技能等，高考书面表达可用于“人物介绍”； ② 同义短语be talented in/at，gifted语气更正式，写作中可替换使用。 ✰ 例句 The little boy is gifted in painting and his works are very popular.（这个小男孩在绘画方面有天赋，他的作品很受欢迎。） 231. be ______ to sb for sth 因为某事感激某人 ✰ 核心搭配：be grateful/thankful to sb for sth ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定搭配：对人用to，对事用for，高考单选/语法填空常考介词搭配； ② grateful比thankful更侧重“因得到帮助而感激”，语气更强，二者均可用于高考答题。 ✰ 例句 We are grateful to our teachers for their selfless help and teaching.（我们感谢老师们无私的帮助和教诲。） 232. be guilty ______ sth 为……感到内疚/惭愧 ✰ 核心搭配：be guilty of ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配of，后接过错、罪行、行为等，高考完形常考情绪表达语境； ② 拓展短语feel guilty about sth（为某事感到内疚），为同义替换，可用于写作。 ✰ 例句 He is guilty of telling a lie to his parents and feels very sorry.（他为对父母撒谎感到内疚，心里很愧疚。） 233. be ______ to sb/sth 对……有害 ✰ 核心搭配：be harmful to ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配to，后接人/事物，高考书面表达常用于“健康、环保”建议语境； ② 同义转换：be harmful to sth = do harm to sth（动词短语），语法填空常考句式变换。 ✰ 例句 Smoking is harmful to your health and you’d better give it up.（吸烟有害健康，你最好戒掉。） 234. be honest ______ sth/with sb 在某事上是坦率的/对某人是坦诚的 ✰ 核心搭配：be honest about sth / be honest with sb ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定搭配：对事用about，对人用with，无其他介词搭配，高考单选常考； ② 拓展短语to be honest（老实说），作插入语，书面表达开头引出观点，高频实用。 ✰ 例句 You should be honest with your friends and never cheat them.（你应该对朋友坦诚，永远不要欺骗他们。） ✰ 例句 He is honest about his mistakes and is willing to correct them.（他对自己的错误很坦率，并且愿意改正。） 235. be independent ______ sth 独立于……；be independent of sb/sth 自主；有主见 ✰ 核心搭配：be independent of ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配of，后接人/事物，表“不依赖……/独立于……”，高考书面表达常用于“个人成长”语境； ② 名词形式为independence，常考搭配gain independence from（从……获得独立），介词无其他搭配。 ✰ 例句 College students should be independent of their parents and learn to take care of themselves.（大学生应该不依赖父母，学会照顾自己。） 236. be intended ______ sb/sth 是为……而打算(或设计)的 ✰ 核心搭配：be intended for ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配for，后接人/用途，表“专为……设计/打算”，高考完形常考物品用途语境； ② 拓展短语intend to do sth（打算做某事），动词原形搭配，可转换句式，语法填空常考。 ✰ 例句 This book is intended for middle school students who want to improve their English.（这本书是为想要提高英语的中学生设计的。） 237. be ______ in (doing) sth 对(做)……感兴趣 ✰ 核心搭配：be interested in (doing) sth ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配in，后接名词/动名词，高考改错常考“to do”错误； ② 区分：interested（人感到感兴趣）、interesting（事物令人感兴趣），高考改错常考形容词混用。 ✰ 例句 Most teenagers are interested in playing online games.（大多数青少年对玩网络游戏感兴趣。） 238. be junior ______ sb 比……地位、级别、职位低 ✰ 核心搭配：be junior to ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配to，后接比较对象，绝对不能用than，高考单选常考介词易错点； ② 反义短语be senior to（比……地位/级别高），可配对记忆，完形常考反义辨析。 ✰ 例句 He is junior to me in the company, but he has more working experience.（他在公司里职位比我低，但工作经验更丰富。） 239. be ______ at/with sb about sth 因……对……很生气 ✰ 核心搭配：be angry at/with sb about sth ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定搭配：对人用with，对事用at，因某事用about，无其他介词搭配，高考语法填空常考； ② 同义短语be mad at/with sb about sth，语气更强，可用于高考答题。 ✰ 例句 Mother is angry with Tom about his being late for school again.（妈妈因为汤姆上学又迟到而生他的气。） 240. be mistaken ______ sb/sth 弄错…… ✰ 核心搭配：be mistaken about sb/sth ✰ 关键用法 ① 固定介词搭配about，后接人/事物，表“对……判断错误/误解”，高考完形常考语境理解； ② 拓展短语make a mistake in sth（在某事上犯错），动词搭配，可转换句式，语法填空常考。 ✰ 例句 You are mistaken about him; he is actually a very kind person.（你误解他了，他其实是个很善良的人。） 二、易错点突破练习 1. 补全句子 ① She is enthusiastic ______ painting and spends much time on it every day. ② This square is equal ______ that one in size and shape. ③ Our country is faced ______ many challenges in the process of development. ④ I am familiar ______ this place because I lived here when I was a child. ⑤ This song is familiar ______ all the people who were born in the 1990s. ⑥ He is fed up ______ his boring job and wants to find a new one. ⑦ She is fit ______ the job of a nurse because she is patient and careful. ⑧ My brother has studied abroad for years, so he is fluent ______ French. ⑨ This food is free ______ artificial colors and is very healthy. ⑩ We are grateful ______ our parents ______ their endless love and care. ⑪ Eating too much junk food is harmful ______ our body. ⑫ This new software is intended ______ students to learn English online. ⑬ He is junior ______ me in age, but he is more mature than me. ⑭ My teacher is angry ______ me ______ my carelessness in the exam. ⑮ You are mistaken ______ the time of the meeting; it’s at 3 pm not 2 pm. 2. 翻译句子 ① 他对篮球充满热情，每天都花一小时打篮球。(be enthusiastic about) ② 我们面临着一个难题，需要一起解决它。(be faced with) ③ 这本书是为初学者设计的，很容易理解。(be intended for) ④ 青少年应该学会独立，不依赖父母。(be independent of) ⑤ 老实说，我对这个无聊的讲座感到极度厌烦。(to be honest; be fed up with) ⑥ 她英语说得很流利，能胜任这份翻译工作。(be fluent in; be fit for) ⑦ 熬夜对我们的健康有害，我们应该早睡早起。(be harmful to) ⑧ 你误解了他，他并不是故意迟到的。(be mistaken about) 三、综合检测题 （一）单项选择 1. As a teacher, she is always enthusiastic ______ her work and her students. A. about B. in C. at D. for 2. The little boy is so smart that he is equal ______ solving this difficult math problem. A. for B. to C. with D. in 3. More and more young people are faced ______ great pressure in their daily life. A. with B. to C. for D. in 4. This old city is familiar ______ many tourists because of its long history. A. with B. for C. to D. at 5. I am fed up ______ the bad weather; it has rained for a whole week. A. with B. of C. at D. for 6. After years of training, she is fit ______ the position of a professional dancer. A. for B. to C. with D. in 7. He has lived in France for ten years, so he is fluent ______ French and English. A. in B. at C. with D. for 8. This custom is foreign ______ me; I have never heard of it before. A. with B. to C. for D. at 9. We are grateful ______ our teacher ______ his valuable advice on our study. A. to; for B. for; to C. with; about D. about; with 10. Smoking is harmful ______ people’s health, so it’s banned in public places. A. for B. to C. with D. in 11. You should be honest ______ your parents and tell them the truth. A. about B. with C. in D. for 12. College students should be independent ______ their parents and learn to manage their own life. A. of B. from C. with D. to 13. This children’s book is intended ______ kids aged 3 to 6. A. for B. to C. with D. in 14. Most students are interested ______ playing computer games instead of reading books. A. in B. at C. with D. for 15. He is junior ______ me in the company, but he works harder than anyone else. A. than B. for C. to D. with 16. My mother was angry ______ me ______ my carelessness in the exam. A. with; about B. about; with C. at; for D. for; at 17. You are mistaken ______ him; he is a reliable person and will keep his promise. A. about B. with C. for D. in 18. This kind of fruit is free ______ sugar and is very popular among dieters. A. with B. of C. for D. in 19. The little girl is gifted ______ drawing and her works won many prizes. A. in B. at C. both A and B D. for 20. She is familiar ______ all the rules of the game because she has played it many times. A. with B. to C. for D. at （二）语法填空 1. He is enthusiastic about ______ (play) football and dreams of becoming a professional player. 2. The problem is so difficult that few people are equal to ______ (solve) it. 3. Faced with ______ (lose) his job, he had to find a new way to make a living. 4. I am familiar with ______ (sing) this English song and can sing it very well. 5. He is fed up with ______ (wait) for the bus for a long time and decides to walk home. 6. She is fit for ______ (be) a teacher because she is patient and loves children. 7. He is fluent in ______ (speak) three languages: Chinese, English and Japanese. 8. We are grateful to our teachers for ______ (help) us make great progress. 9. Smoking is harmful to ______ (human) health and should be avoided. 10. You should be honest about ______ (make) mistakes and learn from them. 11. She became independent of her parents after ______ (graduate) from college. 12. This book is intended for ______ (learn) English grammar easily. 13. Most teenagers are interested in ______ (watch) short videos on the Internet. 14. He is guilty of ______ (tell) a lie to the teacher and felt very sorry. 15. You are mistaken about ______ (think) he is lazy; he actually works very hard. （三）短文填空 阅读下面短文，从方框内所给的短语中选择适当的形式填空，有两项多余，每个短语仅能使用一次。 be enthusiastic about, be faced with, be familiar with, be intended for, be interested in, be independent of, be harmful to, be grateful to As a high school student, we are growing up and learning to take responsibility for ourselves. First of all, we should ______① our study and try our best to get good grades. When we ______② difficult problems in our study, we shouldn’t give up easily but ask teachers or classmates for help. Second, we should read more books, especially the ones that ______③ us teenagers, which can broaden our horizons. Third, we should ______④ the school rules and obey them strictly, because they are made for our own good. Fourth, we should learn to do things by ourselves and ______⑤ our parents gradually, which is an important part of growing up. Fifth, we should stay away from junk food, because it ______⑥ our health. Finally, we should ______⑦ the people who help us, such as our parents, teachers and friends. They give us endless love and support, and we should cherish it. 参考答案 二、易错点突破练习 1. 补全句子 1 about ② to ③ with ④ with ⑤ to⑥ with ⑦ for ⑧ in ⑨ of/from ⑩ to; for ⑪ to ⑫ for ⑬ to ⑭ with; about ⑮ about 2. 翻译句子（符合高考表达规范，短语运用准确） ① He is enthusiastic about basketball and spends an hour playing it every day. ② We are faced with a difficult problem and need to solve it together. ③ This book is intended for beginners and is easy to understand. ④ Teenagers should learn to be independent and be independent of their parents. ⑤ To be honest, I am fed up with this boring lecture. ⑥ She is fluent in English and is fit for the job of a translator. ⑦ Staying up late is harmful to our health, so we should go to bed early and get up early. ⑧ You are mistaken about him; he didn’t arrive late on purpose. 三、综合检测题 （一）单项选择 1-5 ABACA 6-10 AABAB 11-15 BAAAC 16-20 AABCA 1. 固定搭配be enthusiastic about（对……热情）。 2. 拓展搭配be equal to doing sth（能胜任做某事），to为介词，后接动名词。 3. 固定搭配be faced with（面临）。 4. 物作主语用be familiar to sb（为某人所熟悉），人作主语用with，此处选to。 5. 固定搭配be fed up with（对……厌烦）。 6. 固定搭配be fit for（适合……），后接职位。 7. 固定搭配be fluent in（精通……语言）。 8. 固定搭配be foreign to sb（对某人来说陌生）。 9. 固定搭配be grateful to sb for sth（因某事感激某人），对人用to，对事用for。 10. 固定搭配be harmful to（对……有害）。 11. 固定搭配be honest with sb（对某人坦诚），对人用with，对事用about。 12. 固定搭配be independent of（不依赖……）。 13. 固定搭配be intended for（为……设计）。 14. 固定搭配be interested in（对……感兴趣）。 15. 固定搭配be junior to（比……级别低），用介词to，不能用than。 16. 固定搭配be angry with sb about sth（因某事对某人生气），对人用with，因某事用about。 17. 固定搭配be mistaken about sb/sth（误解……）。 18. 固定搭配be free of（不含……），of/from均可，此处选高考常考形式of。 19. 固定搭配be gifted in/at（在……方面有天赋），in和at均可，故选C。 20. 人作主语用be familiar with sth（熟悉某物）。 （二）语法填空 1. playing 2. solving 3. losing 4. singing 5. waiting 2. being 7. speaking 8. helping 9. human 10. making 3. graduating 12. learning 13. watching 14. telling 15. thinking 考点解析 1-8/10/13-15：介词后接动名词（高考语法填空高频考点）； 9：形容词human修饰名词health（词性转换，高考常考）； 11-12：介词后接动名词（graduate→graduating；learn→learning）。 （三）短文填空 ①be enthusiastic about ②are faced with ③are intended for ④be familiar with ⑤be independent of ⑥is harmful to ⑦be grateful to 考点解析 ① 情态动词should后接动词原形，结合“努力备考”语境选be enthusiastic about； ② 主语we为复数，结合“遇到难题”语境选are faced with； ③ 先行词the ones为复数，结合“为青少年设计”语境选are intended for； ④ 情态动词should后接动词原形，结合“遵守校规”语境选be familiar with； ⑤ and连接并列结构接动词原形，结合“独立成长”语境选be independent of； ⑥ 主语it为单数，结合“垃圾食品的危害”语境选is harmful to； ⑦ 情态动词should后接动词原形，结合“感恩他人”语境选be grateful to。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $