八年级英语下学期开学考试（深圳专用）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元语法词汇题型知识点练习(沪教版)

绝密★启用前 2025-2026学年八年级下学期开学考试（深圳卷） 英 语 本试卷共75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 选择题（50分） 一、完型填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） “Hey! Ms Woodall!” I was in the backyard of my house when I heard a voice call out my name. I turned around and saw William, one of my 1 , who loved plants and always smiled. William was a joy in my class. When other students were having trouble understanding the lessons, he always cheered them up and brought them 2 moments. However, because of his poor grades, I couldn’t help 3 . I kept wondering if William could pass the exams because he didn’t make any progress in study. Things didn’t change until we started to study the life cycle of 4 . As a class project, each child was going to plant a sunflower. At first, it was 5 for many of the students to plant the sunflowers. However, most kids had little 6 for the growing part. They lost interest and forgot to 7 the sunflowers except William. Every afternoon, William made sure all the sunflowers were watered. He even cared for them well during the summer vacation. To help the sunflowers get sunlight, we worked with William to 8 move them to the perfect place behind the library. About a month into the summer vacation, I 9 drive by the school. There, behind the library, stood those sunflowers. To my surprise, they were at least 12 feet tall! Looking at the sunflowers, I realized we teachers should 10 what was planted in our students and try our best to nurture (培育) it. At that moment, I knew I didn’t have to worry about William. And I believed that one day he would bloom and shine like his sunflowers. 1．A．friends B．students C．teachers D．classmates 2．A．simple B．free C．quiet D．bright 3．A．worrying B．accepting C．crying D．laughing 4．A．animals B．stars C．plants D．insects 5．A．boring B．tiring C．moving D．exciting 6．A．pride B．pleasure C．interest D．courage 7．A．talk about B．pick up C．think of D．look after 8．A．carefully B．proudly C．politely D．secretly 9．A．decided to B．planned to C．happened to D．promised to 10．A．create B．trust C．change D．teach 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者作为老师，通过学生William精心照料向日葵的故事，意识到教师应信任并培育学生身上的闪光点，每个学生都能像向日葵一样绽放光彩。 1．句意：我转过身，看到了William，他是我的一名学生，喜欢植物，总是面带微笑。 friends朋友；students学生；teachers老师；classmates同学。根据“William was a joy in my class.”可知，William是作者的学生，故选B。 2．句意：当其他学生理解课程有困难时，他总是让他们振作起来，给他们带来光明的时刻。 simple简单的；free自由的；quiet安静的；bright光明的，愉快的。根据“cheered them up”可知，此处应填积极的形容词，bright符合语境，故选D。 3．句意：然而，由于他成绩不好，我忍不住担心。 worrying担心；accepting接受；crying哭泣；laughing大笑。根据“because of his poor grades”以及“I kept wondering if William could pass the exams”可知，作者为William的成绩感到担心，“can't help doing sth.”意为“忍不住做某事”，故选A。 4．句意：直到我们开始学习植物的生命周期，情况才发生改变。animals动物；stars星星；plants植物；insects昆虫。根据“each child was going to plant a sunflower”可知，学习的是植物的生命周期，故选C。 5．句意：起初，对许多学生来说，种向日葵是令人兴奋的。 boring无聊的；tiring累人的；moving感人的；exciting令人兴奋的。根据“However, most kids had little interest for the growing part.”可知，前后为转折关系，起初学生们觉得种向日葵很兴奋，后来失去了兴趣，exciting符合语境，故选D。 6．句意：然而，大多数孩子对生长的部分几乎没有兴趣。 pride骄傲；pleasure快乐；interest兴趣；courage勇气。根据“They lost interest”可知，孩子们失去了兴趣，interest符合语境，故选C。 7．句意：除了William，他们都失去了兴趣，忘记了照顾向日葵。 talk about谈论；pick up捡起；think of想起；look after照顾。根据“Every afternoon, William made sure all the sunflowers were watered.”可知，William一直在照顾向日葵，而其他孩子忘记了照顾，look after符合语境，故选D。 8．句意：为了帮助向日葵获得阳光，我们和William一起小心地把它们搬到图书馆后面的最佳位置。 carefully小心地；proudly骄傲地；politely礼貌地；secretly秘密地。根据“move them to the perfect place”可知，搬向日葵需要小心，carefully符合语境，故选A。 9．句意：暑假大约一个月后，我碰巧开车经过学校。 decided to决定；planned to计划；happened to碰巧；promised to承诺。根据“To my surprise, they have been at least 12 feet tall!”可知，作者是偶然经过学校看到了向日葵，happen to符合语境，故选C。 10．句意：看着这些向日葵，我意识到我们老师应该信任在学生身上种下的东西，并尽力培育它。 create创造；trust信任；change 改变；teach教。根据“I knew I didn't have to worry about William. And I believed that one day he would bloom and shine like his sunflowers.”可知，作者意识到要信任学生，trust符合语境，故选B。 二、阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A On May 8, 2024, Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport opened China’s first special waiting hall (厅) for pets and their owners. This new place makes air travel much better for both people and their animal friends. The 210-square-meter hall has a modern air system. It can help check air quality. Also, with soft lighting and green materials, the space is clean and comfortable. This is a big improvement. Before, pets had to travel with other goods on planes. Now they have their own comfortable waiting space. The hall uses technology to check pets’ health. There’s even a small playground to help pets feel less nervous about traveling. A pet company takes care of all the services. They give pets special check-in, provide meals and water, and care for the animals. If a flight is late, pets can stay there for free. Workers make sure every pet stays safe and comfortable. One pet owner, Ms. Liu, expressed her happiness. “This service makes me feel good about travelling with my pet. I used to worry about my pet when we travelled by plane, but now I feel much better. Shenzhen is truly a warm and caring city.” 11．What did Shenzhen Airport open on May 8, 2024? A．A new international flight. B．A waiting hall for pets and owners. C．A shopping center for tourists. D．A training school for pet doctors. 12．What can we find in the new hall? ① Soft lighting.     ② Green materials.     ③ Free coffee.     ④ An air quality system. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 13．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．The pets. B．The planes. C．The owners. D．The workers. 14．How did Ms. Liu feel about the new service? A．Worried. B．Cheerful. C．Surprised. D．Angry. 15．What is the middle part about? A．Problems. B．Stories. C．Plans. D．Facts. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文介绍了深圳宝安国际机场在2024年5月8日启用的国内首个宠物及主人专用候机厅，以及该候机厅的设施和服务。 11．细节理解题。根据“On May 8, 2024, Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport opened China’s first special waiting hall for pets and their owners.”可知，深圳机场在2024年5月8日开放了宠物及主人专用候机厅。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“The 210-square-meter hall has a modern air system ... Also, with soft lighting and green materials ...”可知，新候机厅里有柔和的照明、环保材料、 空气质量系统，没有提到免费咖啡。故选C。 13．词句猜测题。根据“Before, pets had to travel with other goods on planes. Now they have their own comfortable waiting space.”可知，这里的they指代的是前文的pets。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据“One pet owner, Ms. Liu, expressed her happiness. ‘This service makes me feel good about travelling with my pet...’”可知，刘女士对这项新服务感到开心。故选B。 15．推理判断题。文章第2-4段介绍了宠物候机厅的设施、服务等客观信息，属于事实。故选D。 B In the digital age, the Internet of Things (IoT) is a key technology that bridges the physical and digital worlds. It connects everyday devices, people, and objects like smart watches, home appliances (家用电器), and sensors (传感器) through networks. By the end of 2024, China had 2.57 billion IoT devices and became the first major country with more IoT connections than its total population, a great achievement that shows its leading role in the digital development around the world. The IoT plays a useful and important role in daily life and social development. In cities, IoT-powered traffic systems, such as Nanjing’s, have increased rush-hour driving speeds by 15% and reduced traffic jams well. In agriculture, smart sensors and smart watering systems help farmers save water, watch over crop growth, and improve production. For students, it lets village schools share quality education, such as live classes and teaching materials, with city classrooms through 5G and IoT platforms. At home, it also allows remote control of lights, air conditioners, and other devices, making daily life more convenient. The IoT makes life smarter and reduces the digital gap between developed and poor areas. It not only improves our daily lives but also drives social progress, becoming a very important part of the digital world. For teenagers, understanding the IoT well helps us keep up with technological changes, encourage us to be creative, and helps us better get used to a more connected future. 16．What can we learn about China’s IoT development? A．It has the largest population. B．It has the most IoT devices. C．It leads global digital growth. D．It focuses on smart homes. 17．Why does the author mention Nanjing’s traffic systems? A．To praise Nanjing city. B．To introduce smart cities. C．To explain traffic problems. D．To show IoT’s city benefits. 18．How does IoT help students in village schools? A．By offering free 5G service. B．By giving them more teachers. C．By providing quality classrooms. D．By connecting them to city schools. 19．What does the author suggest for teenagers? A．Reduce the digital gap. B．Connect with others more. C．Learn about the IoT correctly. D．Understand all new technologies. 20．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To explain how the IoT works. B．To encourage using smart devices. C．To show IoT’s importance and uses. D．To introduce China’s digital development. 【答案】16．C 17．D 18．D 19．C 20．C 【导语】本文介绍了物联网（IoT）的基本概念、在中国的应用和发展，及其在交通、农业、教育和家庭生活中的作用，强调了物联网对社会进步的重要性。 16．细节理解题。根据“a great achievement that shows its leading role in the digital development around the world.”可知，中国在物联网发展方面引领全球数字增长。故选C。 17．推理判断题。根据“In cities, IoT-powered traffic systems, such as Nanjing’s, have increased rush-hour driving speeds by 15% and reduced traffic jams well.”可知，在城市中，物联网驱动的交通系统，如南京的，使高峰时段的驾驶速度提高了15%，并有效减少了交通堵塞。作者提及南京的交通系统是为了展示物联网在城市中的益处。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据“it lets village schools share quality education...with city classrooms through 5G and IoT platforms.”可知，物联网帮助乡村学校通过与城市学校连接来共享优质教育。故选D。 19．细节理解题。根据“For teenagers, understanding the IoT well helps us keep up with technological changes...”可知，作者建议青少年正确了解物联网。故选C。 20．主旨大意题。根据“The IoT plays a useful and important role in daily life and social development.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了物联网在日常生活和社会发展中的重要作用和广泛应用。故选C。 C Did you know that some of the most useful things we use every day were actually invented by accident? Accidental inventions have changed our world in surprising ways. Let’s take a look at three of these inventions! In 1928, British scientist Alexander Fleming returned from holiday, and he noticed something unusual about one of the dishes in his experiment. The dish was full of one group of small living things, except for one area. They stopped growing where there was a mold (霉菌) called penicillin (青霉素). This led to the invention of penicillin, one of the most helpful medicines to this day. In 1866, an American named John Pemberton was trying to create a painkiller. He added sodaWatet to his medicine by chance. After tasting it, he decided to make advertisements for this drink as a soft drink instead of medicine, naming it”Coca-Cola”. Since then, Coca-Cola has turned into one of the most successful companies in the world. Percy LeBaron Spencer was not even trying to invent anything when he formed the idca of a microwave oven (微波炉). Working at Raytheon Company during the 1940s, Spencer noticed his chocolate in his pocket got soft from the machine’s radiation (辐射). After testing the effects with other food, Spencer realized that this effect could be used to cook food, so the microwave was horn. Accidents happen, but sometimes they lead to amazing inventions! So, next time you make a mistake, remember it might just be the start of something great. 21．Why does the writer ask a question at the beginning of the passage? A．To list some facts about accidents. B．To call on people to make mistakes. C．To introduce the topic of the article. D．To ask about the readers’ experience. 22．What can Penicillin do? A．It can help clean the dishes. B．It can kill small living things. C．It can grow into small things. D．It can help living things grow. 23．What do we know about John Pemberton? A．He invented the soda water. B．He invented the drink“Coca-Cola”. C．He succeeded in creating a painkiller. D．He made money by tasting“Coca-Cola”. 24．How did Spencer invent the microwave oven? A．By noticing the change of chocolate. B．By doing experiments on machines. C．By cooking different kinds of food. D．By inventing some special radiation. 25．What is the structure of the passage? (P= paragraph) A．B． C． D． 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．B 24．A 25．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过提问引出主题，介绍了青霉素、可口可乐、微波炉这三项因偶然事件而诞生的发明，强调了意外有时能带来惊人发明，鼓励人们从错误中发现机遇。 21．细节理解题。文章开头提出“Did you know that some of the most useful things we use every day were actually invented by accident?”这个问题后，紧接着介绍了三个偶然发明的例子，所以作者在文章开头提问是为了引出文章主题。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段“The dish was full of one group of small living things, except for one area. They stopped growing where there was a mold (霉菌) called penicillin (青霉素).”可知，在有青霉素的地方，那些小生物停止生长，说明青霉素可以杀死小生物。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据第三段“an American named John Pemberton was trying to create a painkiller. He added soda-Watet to his medicine by chance...naming it ‘Coca-Cola’”，说明John Pemberton 发明了“可口可乐”这种饮料。故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据第四段“Spencer noticed his chocolate in his pocket got soft from the machine’s radiation. After testing the effects with other food, Spencer realized that this effect could be used to cook food, so the microwave was born.”可知，Spencer是通过注意到巧克力的变化，进而发明了微波炉。故选A。 25．篇章结构题。文章第一段通过提问引出偶然发明的主题，中间三段分别介绍了青霉素、可口可乐、微波炉这三个偶然发明的例子，最后一段总结，所以文章结构是总-分-总，故选C。 第二节（每小题1分，共 5分 ） 以下是一则短文，请阅读短文，从六个句子中选择五个还原原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Ancient poems, English words, and history lessons... you have a lot to learn at school. Imagine if you could remember everything you see just once, like taking a photo. 26 Here are some tips from their work. Having an intense (剧烈的) workout. Scientists asked people to either ride a bike slowly for 90 minutes or do it really fast for 6 minutes. The fast riders made their brains produce more of a chemical called BDNE (脑源性神经营养因子). 27 Its amount is the highest after six minutes of intense workout.     Swaying (摇晃的) sleep. 28 Scientists have found that if we sleep in a bed that gently sways back and forth, we can have a deeper sleep, which improves our memory as well. Feeling all the feels. Feelings can affect memories. 29 A part of the brain called the amygdala (杏仁核) takes care of feelings and memories. So, if you want to remember something, first, try to get yourself excited or angry. 30 These easy tips can help you remember what you learn at school. Give them a try and see if they work for you. A．Then, just take out your book to learn new things! B．This chemical helps people remember things quickly. C．Remember how good it felt to be rocked to sleep as a baby? D．Listening to light music while studying can help you remember. E．When you’re happy or sad, your brain wants to keep the memory. F．Scientists have done tests to find ways to make our memories better. 【答案】26．F 27．B 28．C 29．E 30．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了几种简单的技巧可以帮助我们记住在学校学到的东西。 26．根据“Imagine if you could remember everything you see just once, like taking a photo.”和“Here are some tips from their work.”可知，此处与记忆力和研究记忆力的人有关。选项F“科学家们做了一些测试来寻找让我们的记忆力更好的方法。”符合语境。故选F。 27．根据“The fast riders made their brains produce more of a chemical called BDNE”可知，此处与这种化学物质有关。选项B“这种化学物质帮助人们快速记忆。”符合语境。故选B。 28．根据“Swaying sleep”和“Scientists have found that if we sleep in a bed that gently sways back and forth”可知，此处与摇晃和睡觉有关。选项C“还记得婴儿时期被摇着入睡的感觉有多好吗？”符合语境。故选C。 29．根据“Feelings can affect memories.”可知，此处与感受有关。选项E“当你高兴或悲伤时，你的大脑想要保留此时的记忆。”符合语境。故选E。 30．根据“So, if you want to remember something, first, try to get yourself excited or angry.”可知，此处与学习和记忆东西有关。选项A“然后，拿出你的书来学习新的东西吧！”符合语境。故选A。 第三节 （每小题1分，共 5分 ） 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了六种有用的发明，请根据5名学生的不同需求，帮助他们选出对他们最有用的发明，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 31 Lily loves to keep a record of her daily life by making short videos. 32 Jack lives in South Africa and sometimes doesn’t have enough water to drink. 33 Jimmy doesn’t have good habits of washing his hands so he gets ill easily. 34 Millie will take part in a party next month and he wants to bring something special. 35 Sophie can’t sleep well these days because she often feels cold at night. A．A warm bear—You can put your face in this teddy bear when you feel down and then you will feel better with the feeling of being hugged. B．A special camera—this is a neck-worn camera. It frees your hands and is also useful when shooting short videos. C． Water Producer—Kara Pure can make 10 liters of fresh water out of the air each day. This means people can have water without depending on groundwater. D．Smart Bed—This bed can change its temperature so sleepers will not feel too cold or hot and it can help a person to sleep. E. Party glasses—with a full charge, the party glasses can shine for 12 hours. If you wear them, you will become the coolest child at the party. F. Hand washer—put your hands into it and the soap bubble will appear. Meanwhile, it has a timer and can tell you how long you wash your hands. 【答案】31．B 32．C 33．F 34．E 35．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了六种有用的发明。 31．根据“Lily loves to keep a record of her daily life by making short videos.”可知，Lily喜欢制作短视频分享生活，选项B“一台特殊的相机——这是一台脖子上戴着的相机。它解放了你的双手，在拍摄短视频时也很有用。”与之对应。故选B。 32．根据“Jack lives in South Africa and sometimes doesn’t have enough water to drink.”可知，Jack住在南非，有时候没有水喝，选项C“水生产商——卡拉纯每天可以从空气中生产10升淡水。这意味着人们可以在不依赖地下水的情况下获得水。”与之对应。故选C。 33．根据“Jimmy doesn’t have good habits of washing his hands so he gets ill easily.”可知，Jimmy没有洗手的好习惯，所以经常生病，选项F“洗手液——把手放进去，肥皂泡就会出现。同时，它有一个计时器，可以告诉你洗手的时间。”与之对应。故选F。 34．根据“Millie will take part in a party next month and he wants to bring something special.”可知，Millie想带一些特别的东西去参加下个月的聚会，选项E“派对眼镜——充满电后，派对眼镜可以亮12个小时。如果你戴上它们，你将成为聚会上最酷的孩子。”与之对应。故选E。 35．根据“Sophie can’t sleep well these days because she often feels cold at night.”可知，Sophie这些天没有睡好因为晚上感觉冷，选项D“智能床——这张床可以改变温度，这样睡眠者就不会感到太冷或太热，它可以帮助人们入睡。”与之对应。故选D。 第二部分 非选择题（25分） 三、语法填空（每小题1分，共 10分 ） 阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整，正确。 It is the season of osmanthus flowers (桂花). The tiny yellow flowers fill the air 36 a sweet smell. And here’s something more interesting: These flowers can also be eaten. One of 37 (famous) treats (甜食) is osmanthus cake in Hangzhou. Its light colour and wonderful smell make everyone want to have a bite. 38 you taste this sweet cake, it will always remind you of the beautiful autumn. Osmanthus cake has a long history. It first appeared over 600 years ago. There’s 39 interesting story about how it began. A famous poet Yang Shen once dreamed he flew to the moon, saw a shining palace and a tall osmanthus tree. The golden flowers gave off a sweet smell. Yang Shen picked some flowers and brought 40 (they) back to Earth. Years later, a street seller named Liu Jixiang heard this dream. He wanted 41 (make) something special. Liu collected fresh osmanthus flowers. He 42 (careful) pressed out their sweet oil, mixed the oil with sugar and rice flour and turned it into soft cakes. People said that this was the 43 (one) osmanthus cake. So far, people 44 (enjoy) its lovely taste for centuries. Families gather and eat it together. 45 (child) love its sweet taste, and visitors often buy it as gifts to take home. 【答案】 36．with 37．the most famous 38．When 39．an 40．them 41．to make 42．carefully 43．first 44．have enjoyed 45．Children 【导语】本文介绍了桂花的特点，重点讲述了杭州桂花糕的历史渊源、起源故事以及人们对它的喜爱之情。 36．句意：小小的黄花使空气中弥漫着一股甜香。根据“The tiny yellow flowers fill the air…a sweet smell.”可知，此处考查固定搭配fill...with...，表示“使……充满……”。故填with。 37．句意：最有名的甜食之一是杭州的桂花糕。根据“One of…treats is osmanthus cake in Hangzhou.”可知，这里是“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最……当中之一”，famous的最高级是most famous。故填the most famous。 38．句意：当你品尝这块甜美的糕点时，它总会让你想起美丽的秋天。根据“…you taste this sweet cake, it will always remind you of the beautiful autumn.”可知，此处需要一个连词引导时间状语从句，when表示“当……时”，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填When。 39．句意：关于它的起源有一个有趣的故事。根据“There’s…interesting story about how it began.”可知，story是可数名词单数，interesting是以元音音素开头的单词，前面用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 40．句意：杨慎摘了一些花，把它们带回了地球。根据“Yang Shen picked some flowers and brought…back to Earth.”可知，brought是动词，后面接人称代词宾格，they的宾格是them。故填them。 41．句意：他想做一些特别的东西。根据“He wanted…something special.”可知，考查固定搭配want to do sth.，表示“想要做某事”。故填to make。 42．句意：他小心翼翼地榨出它们的甜油，把油和糖、米粉混合在一起，做成柔软的糕点。根据“He…pressed out their sweet oil”可知，此处需要副词修饰动词pressed，careful的副词是carefully。故填carefully。 43．句意：人们说这是第一块桂花糕。根据“People said that this was the…osmanthus cake.”可知，此处表示顺序“第一”，要用序数词，one的序数词是first。故填first。 44．句意：到目前为止，人们几个世纪以来一直喜爱它可爱的味道。根据“So far, people…its lovely taste for centuries.”可知，so far是现在完成时的标志词，主语people是复数，谓语动词用have enjoyed。故填have enjoyed。 45．句意：孩子们喜欢它的甜味，游客们经常把它当作礼物买回家。根据“…love its sweet taste”可知，谓语动词love是原形，主语要用复数形式，child的复数是Children，句首首字母大写。故填Children。 四、书面表达（15分） 46．假如你是李华，刚结束在英国为期一个月的交流学习。请你给你的房东Mr. Wilson写一封感谢信，感谢他对你在英国期间的照顾和帮助，并邀请他来中国旅游。 注意： 1. 词数80左右（开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3. 不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4. 条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 Dear Mr. Wilson, How is everything going? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Mr. Wilson, How is everything going? I have safely returned home and would like to express my sincere thanks for your care and help during my stay in England. I really enjoyed the time we spent together. You cooked meals for me every day and patiently explained the bus routes to school. Moreover, you made my experience richer by sharing wonderful stories about British history and customs. I sincerely invite you to visit China. I would be happy to show you around. I believe you will love it here. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文； ②时态：一般过去时（回顾经历）、一般现在时（邀请） ； ③提示：需包含感谢房东的照顾、回忆具体帮助、并发出旅游邀请。 [写作步骤] 第一步：礼貌问候后直接表达感谢； 第二步：回忆具体细节，并表达对过往时光的怀念； 第三步：正式发出邀请，说明愿意陪同游览中国。 [亮点词汇] ①express表达 ②patiently耐心地 ③sincerely真诚地 [高分句型] ①I really enjoyed the time we spent together.（运用了省略关系词的定语从句） ②I believe you will love it here.（运用了宾语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★启用前 2025-2026学年八年级下学期开学考试（深圳卷） 英 语 本试卷共75分，考试时间70分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 选择题（50分） 一、完型填空（10分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分） “Hey! Ms Woodall!” I was in the backyard of my house when I heard a voice call out my name. I turned around and saw William, one of my 1 , who loved plants and always smiled. William was a joy in my class. When other students were having trouble understanding the lessons, he always cheered them up and brought them 2 moments. However, because of his poor grades, I couldn’t help 3 . I kept wondering if William could pass the exams because he didn’t make any progress in study. Things didn’t change until we started to study the life cycle of 4 . As a class project, each child was going to plant a sunflower. At first, it was 5 for many of the students to plant the sunflowers. However, most kids had little 6 for the growing part. They lost interest and forgot to 7 the sunflowers except William. Every afternoon, William made sure all the sunflowers were watered. He even cared for them well during the summer vacation. To help the sunflowers get sunlight, we worked with William to 8 move them to the perfect place behind the library. About a month into the summer vacation, I 9 drive by the school. There, behind the library, stood those sunflowers. To my surprise, they were at least 12 feet tall! Looking at the sunflowers, I realized we teachers should 10 what was planted in our students and try our best to nurture (培育) it. At that moment, I knew I didn’t have to worry about William. And I believed that one day he would bloom and shine like his sunflowers. 1．A．friends B．students C．teachers D．classmates 2．A．simple B．free C．quiet D．bright 3．A．worrying B．accepting C．crying D．laughing 4．A．animals B．stars C．plants D．insects 5．A．boring B．tiring C．moving D．exciting 6．A．pride B．pleasure C．interest D．courage 7．A．talk about B．pick up C．think of D．look after 8．A．carefully B．proudly C．politely D．secretly 9．A．decided to B．planned to C．happened to D．promised to 10．A．create B．trust C．change D．teach 二、阅读理解（40分） 第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分） A On May 8, 2024, Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport opened China’s first special waiting hall (厅) for pets and their owners. This new place makes air travel much better for both people and their animal friends. The 210-square-meter hall has a modern air system. It can help check air quality. Also, with soft lighting and green materials, the space is clean and comfortable. This is a big improvement. Before, pets had to travel with other goods on planes. Now they have their own comfortable waiting space. The hall uses technology to check pets’ health. There’s even a small playground to help pets feel less nervous about traveling. A pet company takes care of all the services. They give pets special check-in, provide meals and water, and care for the animals. If a flight is late, pets can stay there for free. Workers make sure every pet stays safe and comfortable. One pet owner, Ms. Liu, expressed her happiness. “This service makes me feel good about travelling with my pet. I used to worry about my pet when we travelled by plane, but now I feel much better. Shenzhen is truly a warm and caring city.” 11．What did Shenzhen Airport open on May 8, 2024? A．A new international flight. B．A waiting hall for pets and owners. C．A shopping center for tourists. D．A training school for pet doctors. 12．What can we find in the new hall? ① Soft lighting.     ② Green materials.     ③ Free coffee.     ④ An air quality system. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 13．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．The pets. B．The planes. C．The owners. D．The workers. 14．How did Ms. Liu feel about the new service? A．Worried. B．Cheerful. C．Surprised. D．Angry. 15．What is the middle part about? A．Problems. B．Stories. C．Plans. D．Facts. B In the digital age, the Internet of Things (IoT) is a key technology that bridges the physical and digital worlds. It connects everyday devices, people, and objects like smart watches, home appliances (家用电器), and sensors (传感器) through networks. By the end of 2024, China had 2.57 billion IoT devices and became the first major country with more IoT connections than its total population, a great achievement that shows its leading role in the digital development around the world. The IoT plays a useful and important role in daily life and social development. In cities, IoT-powered traffic systems, such as Nanjing’s, have increased rush-hour driving speeds by 15% and reduced traffic jams well. In agriculture, smart sensors and smart watering systems help farmers save water, watch over crop growth, and improve production. For students, it lets village schools share quality education, such as live classes and teaching materials, with city classrooms through 5G and IoT platforms. At home, it also allows remote control of lights, air conditioners, and other devices, making daily life more convenient. The IoT makes life smarter and reduces the digital gap between developed and poor areas. It not only improves our daily lives but also drives social progress, becoming a very important part of the digital world. For teenagers, understanding the IoT well helps us keep up with technological changes, encourage us to be creative, and helps us better get used to a more connected future. 16．What can we learn about China’s IoT development? A．It has the largest population. B．It has the most IoT devices. C．It leads global digital growth. D．It focuses on smart homes. 17．Why does the author mention Nanjing’s traffic systems? A．To praise Nanjing city. B．To introduce smart cities. C．To explain traffic problems. D．To show IoT’s city benefits. 18．How does IoT help students in village schools? A．By offering free 5G service. B．By giving them more teachers. C．By providing quality classrooms. D．By connecting them to city schools. 19．What does the author suggest for teenagers? A．Reduce the digital gap. B．Connect with others more. C．Learn about the IoT correctly. D．Understand all new technologies. 20．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To explain how the IoT works. B．To encourage using smart devices. C．To show IoT’s importance and uses. D．To introduce China’s digital development. C Did you know that some of the most useful things we use every day were actually invented by accident? Accidental inventions have changed our world in surprising ways. Let’s take a look at three of these inventions! In 1928, British scientist Alexander Fleming returned from holiday, and he noticed something unusual about one of the dishes in his experiment. The dish was full of one group of small living things, except for one area. They stopped growing where there was a mold (霉菌) called penicillin (青霉素). This led to the invention of penicillin, one of the most helpful medicines to this day. In 1866, an American named John Pemberton was trying to create a painkiller. He added sodaWatet to his medicine by chance. After tasting it, he decided to make advertisements for this drink as a soft drink instead of medicine, naming it”Coca-Cola”. Since then, Coca-Cola has turned into one of the most successful companies in the world. Percy LeBaron Spencer was not even trying to invent anything when he formed the idca of a microwave oven (微波炉). Working at Raytheon Company during the 1940s, Spencer noticed his chocolate in his pocket got soft from the machine’s radiation (辐射). After testing the effects with other food, Spencer realized that this effect could be used to cook food, so the microwave was horn. Accidents happen, but sometimes they lead to amazing inventions! So, next time you make a mistake, remember it might just be the start of something great. 21．Why does the writer ask a question at the beginning of the passage? A．To list some facts about accidents. B．To call on people to make mistakes. C．To introduce the topic of the article. D．To ask about the readers’ experience. 22．What can Penicillin do? A．It can help clean the dishes. B．It can kill small living things. C．It can grow into small things. D．It can help living things grow. 23．What do we know about John Pemberton? A．He invented the soda water. B．He invented the drink“Coca-Cola”. C．He succeeded in creating a painkiller. D．He made money by tasting“Coca-Cola”. 24．How did Spencer invent the microwave oven? A．By noticing the change of chocolate. B．By doing experiments on machines. C．By cooking different kinds of food. D．By inventing some special radiation. 25．What is the structure of the passage? (P= paragraph) A．B． C． D． 第二节（每小题1分，共 5分 ） 以下是一则短文，请阅读短文，从六个句子中选择五个还原原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Ancient poems, English words, and history lessons... you have a lot to learn at school. Imagine if you could remember everything you see just once, like taking a photo. 26 Here are some tips from their work. Having an intense (剧烈的) workout. Scientists asked people to either ride a bike slowly for 90 minutes or do it really fast for 6 minutes. The fast riders made their brains produce more of a chemical called BDNE (脑源性神经营养因子). 27 Its amount is the highest after six minutes of intense workout.     Swaying (摇晃的) sleep. 28 Scientists have found that if we sleep in a bed that gently sways back and forth, we can have a deeper sleep, which improves our memory as well. Feeling all the feels. Feelings can affect memories. 29 A part of the brain called the amygdala (杏仁核) takes care of feelings and memories. So, if you want to remember something, first, try to get yourself excited or angry. 30 These easy tips can help you remember what you learn at school. Give them a try and see if they work for you. A．Then, just take out your book to learn new things! B．This chemical helps people remember things quickly. C．Remember how good it felt to be rocked to sleep as a baby? D．Listening to light music while studying can help you remember. E．When you’re happy or sad, your brain wants to keep the memory. F．Scientists have done tests to find ways to make our memories better. 第三节 （每小题1分，共 5分 ） 下面的材料A—F分别介绍了六种有用的发明，请根据5名学生的不同需求，帮助他们选出对他们最有用的发明，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。 31 Lily loves to keep a record of her daily life by making short videos. 32 Jack lives in South Africa and sometimes doesn’t have enough water to drink. 33 Jimmy doesn’t have good habits of washing his hands so he gets ill easily. 34 Millie will take part in a party next month and he wants to bring something special. 35 Sophie can’t sleep well these days because she often feels cold at night. A．A warm bear—You can put your face in this teddy bear when you feel down and then you will feel better with the feeling of being hugged. B．A special camera—this is a neck-worn camera. It frees your hands and is also useful when shooting short videos. C． Water Producer—Kara Pure can make 10 liters of fresh water out of the air each day. This means people can have water without depending on groundwater. D．Smart Bed—This bed can change its temperature so sleepers will not feel too cold or hot and it can help a person to sleep. E. Party glasses—with a full charge, the party glasses can shine for 12 hours. If you wear them, you will become the coolest child at the party. F. Hand washer—put your hands into it and the soap bubble will appear. Meanwhile, it has a timer and can tell you how long you wash your hands. 第二部分 非选择题（25分） 三、语法填空（每小题1分，共 10分 ） 阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整，正确。 It is the season of osmanthus flowers (桂花). The tiny yellow flowers fill the air 36 a sweet smell. And here’s something more interesting: These flowers can also be eaten. One of 37 (famous) treats (甜食) is osmanthus cake in Hangzhou. Its light colour and wonderful smell make everyone want to have a bite. 38 you taste this sweet cake, it will always remind you of the beautiful autumn. Osmanthus cake has a long history. It first appeared over 600 years ago. There’s 39 interesting story about how it began. A famous poet Yang Shen once dreamed he flew to the moon, saw a shining palace and a tall osmanthus tree. The golden flowers gave off a sweet smell. Yang Shen picked some flowers and brought 40 (they) back to Earth. Years later, a street seller named Liu Jixiang heard this dream. He wanted 41 (make) something special. Liu collected fresh osmanthus flowers. He 42 (careful) pressed out their sweet oil, mixed the oil with sugar and rice flour and turned it into soft cakes. People said that this was the 43 (one) osmanthus cake. So far, people 44 (enjoy) its lovely taste for centuries. Families gather and eat it together. 45 (child) love its sweet taste, and visitors often buy it as gifts to take home. 四、书面表达（15分） 46．假如你是李华，刚结束在英国为期一个月的交流学习。请你给你的房东Mr. Wilson写一封感谢信，感谢他对你在英国期间的照顾和帮助，并邀请他来中国旅游。 注意： 1. 词数80左右（开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3. 不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4. 条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。 Dear Mr. Wilson, How is everything going? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $