Unit 1 Science and Scientists 寒假词汇复习单词短语默写-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 单词、短语默写 （Part 1） 一、写出下列单词的词性和汉语意思 1. 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. cholera n.霍乱 3. severe adj.极为恶劣的 4. diarrhoea n.腹泻 5. dehydration n.脱水 6. frustrated adj. 沮丧的；懊恼的 7. once and for all劳永逸地；彻底地 8. contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的 9. infection n. 感染；传染 10. infect v. 使感染；传染 11. germ n. 微生物；细菌 12. subscribe v. 订阅；订购 13. subscribe to 同意；赞成；订阅 14. proof n. 证据；adj. 防……的 15. multiple adj. 数量多的 16. pump n. 泵 17. water pump 水泵 18. household n. 家庭；一家人 19. suspect v. 怀疑；猜想 20. blame v. 责怪；归咎于 21. handle v. 处理；应对 22. intervention n. 干预；介入 23. link n. 干预；介入 24. raw adj. 生的；未加工的 25. pure adj. 纯净的；纯粹的 26. substantial adj. 纯净的；纯粹的 27. decrease v./n. 减少；降低 28. thanks to v./n. 减少；降低 29. statistic n. 统计数据；统计数字 二、写出下列单词、短语的意思 1. subscribe vi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费) (1) subscribe for 认购(股份) (2) subscribe to 同意;赞同;定期交纳(会员费);定期捐款;申请;定期订阅 2. suspect vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任;猜想,认为(某事有可能) n.犯罪嫌疑人; (1) suspect sb of (doing) sth怀疑某人(做过)某事 (2) suspect sb/sth to be/have...怀疑某人/ 某物是…… (3) suspect that+从句 怀疑……;觉得…… (4) under suspicion 有嫌疑;涉嫌 (5) be suspicious of/about sth 对某人/某事感觉可疑/怀疑 3. blame vt.把……归咎于; 责怪; 指责 n.责备; 指责 (1) be to blame (for sth) (对某事)负有责任;应受责备 (2) blame sb for sth因某事责备某人;把某事归咎于某人 (3) blame sth on sb/sth把某事归咎于某人/某事 (4) put/lay the blame for sth on sb将某事归咎于某人 (5) take the blame for sth承担某事的责任 4. link n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联 (1) link...to/with将……和……连接起来/联系起来 (2) be linked to/with... 被连接到……;与……相关联 (3) link up (with...) (与……)连接,结合 (4) a link between...and... ……与……之间的联系 三、根据要求完成重点句式的练习 1.“疑问词+不定式”结构 (1) He’s not sure how to explain his problem to the teacher. 翻译：他不确定如何向他老师解释他的问题。 (2) Where to spend the summer vacation is something many families need to consider. 翻译：去哪里度过暑假是许多家庭要考虑的事情。 Unit 1 单词、短语默写 （Part 2） 一、写出下列单词的词性和汉语意思 1. 2. transform v. 使改变形态 3. epidemiology n. 流行病学 4. microscope n. 显微镜 5. thinking n. 思维；想法 6. protein n. 蛋白质 7. cell n. 细胞；小房间；电池 8. virus n. 病毒 9. finding n. 调查发现；研究结果 10. initial adj. 最初的；初始的 11. vaccine n. 疫苗 12. framework n. 框架；结构 13. theoretical framework 理论框架 14. solid adj. 固体的；结实的 15. cast v. 投射（光、影）；投掷 16. shadow n. 阴影；影子 17. rainbow n. 彩虹 18. pour v. 倒；倾泻；涌流 19. concrete adj. 具体的；实在的 20. plasma n. 血浆；等离子体 21. aerospace n. 航空航天 22. patriotic adj. 爱国的 23. mechanical adj. 机械的；力学的 24. mechanic n. 机械师；技工 25. break out （战争、火灾等）爆发 26. aviation n. 航空；航空业 27. defend v. 防御；保卫；辩解 28. jet n. 喷气式飞机 29. assistant n. 助手；助理；adj. 辅助的 二、写出下列短语的汉语意思 5. decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低 (1) on the decrease在减少 (2) decrease (from...) to...(从……)减少到……(表示减少后的量) (3) decrease by... 减少了……(表示减少的量) (4) decrease in...在……方面减少 1.break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始;爆发 (1) (2) break in 插话;破门而入 (3) break into 强行闯入;突然开始 (4) break through 突破;冲破;克服;战胜 (5) break up 破碎;结束;(关系等)破裂 (6) break away from 突然挣脱/脱离 2.defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解 (1) (2) defend...from/against (doing...)保护……免受…… (3) defend oneself 自卫 (4) in defence (of) 保护;为了保卫;(为……)辩护 (5) in one’s defence为某人辩护;站在某人一边 3.assistant n.助理;助手 (1) (2) an assistant to... ……的助手 (3) assist sb in doing sth/to do sth 帮助某人做某事 (4) assist sb in/with sth 在某方面帮助某人 (5) with the assistance of...在……的帮助下 (6) come to one’s assistance 来帮助某人 三、根据要求完成重点句式的练习 1. “so...that...”引导结果状语从句 “如此......以至于” ·so...that...句型的常见形式: so+adj./adv.+that... so+adj.+a(n)+n.(单数可数)+that... so+many/few/much/little (少)+n.+that... ·such...that...句型的常见形式: such+a(n)+adj.+n.(单数可数)+that... such+adj.+n.(复数可数/不可数)+that... ·当so/such放在句首时,主句要用 倒装 语序。 He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. 翻译： Unit 1 单词、短语默写 （Part 3） 一、写出下列单词的词性和汉语意思 1. 2. in charge of 负责；主管 3. missile n. 导弹；投射物 4. leadership n. 领导；领导能力 5. trace v. 追踪；追溯；n. 痕迹 6. outstanding adj. 杰出的；优秀的 7. gifted adj. 有天赋的；有才华的 8. come down 下降；落下 9. abstract adj. 抽象的；n. 摘要 10. steady adj. 稳定的；平稳的 11. concept n. 概念；观念 12. astronomer n. 天文学家 13. astronomy n. 天文学 14. telescope n. 望远镜 15. besides prep. 除……之外； 16. brilliant adj. 杰出的 17. furthermore adv. 此外； 18. above all 首先；最重要的是 19. fault n. 错误；故障；缺点 20. shift v. 转移；转变 21. vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的 22. Queen Victoria 维多利亚女王 23. Cambridge 剑桥 24. non-Newtonian fluid 非牛顿流体 25. the Jet Propulsion Laboratory喷气推进实验室 26. the big bang theory 大爆炸理论 二、写出下列短语的汉语意思 4.in charge of主管;掌管 (1) in the charge of 由……负责;被……掌管/负责…… (2) take charge of 掌管/负责(表动作) (3) free of charge 免费 (4) charge (sb) for sth 为……(向某人)收费/要价 (5) charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人做某事 5.come down with 患(病);染上(小病) (1) (2) come across 偶然遇见;偶然发现;被理解 (3) come about 发生(无被动形式) (4) come on 加油;上场;得了吧 (5) come out 出版;开花;显示 (6) when it comes to... 当涉及某事(或做某事)时 (7) come up with 找到/提出某事(物) (8) come into effect 开始生效 6.above all最重要的是;尤其是 (1) (2) not at all 一点也不;完全(不) (3) after all 毕竟;终究 (4) first of all 首先(强调顺序) (5) in all 总共;共计 (6) all in all 从各方面考虑;总的说来 三、根据要求完成重点句式的练习 3. not only...but (also)...不但……而且…… 当连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词要根据but also后的名词决定单复数(就近原则) (1) From this voluntary activity, not only did I broaden my horizons but also I gained valuable experience. (2) Not only I but also Tom 　is　　　 (be) responsible for the task.  4. what引导的主语从句 (1) What I’m most interested in is how to learn English well. (2) What I’m trying to figure out is how to balance study and entertainment. $选择性必修二Unit 1 单词、短语默写 （Part 1） 一、写出下列单词的词性和汉语意思 1. 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. cholera 3. severe 4. diarrhoea 5. dehydration 6. frustrated 7. once and for all 8. contradictory 9. infection 10. infect 11. germ 12. subscribe 13. subscribe to 14. proof 15. multiple 16. pump 17. water pump 18. household 19. suspect 20. blame 21. handle 22. intervention 23. link 24. raw 25. pure 26. substantial 27. decrease 28. thanks to 29. statistic 二、写出下列短语的汉语意思 1. subscribe vi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费) (1) subscribe for (2) subscribe to 2. suspect vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任;猜想,认为(某事有可能) n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象 (1) suspect sb of (doing) sth (2) suspect sb/sth to be/have... (3) suspect that+从句 (4) under suspicion (5) be suspicious of/about sth 3. blame vt.把……归咎于; 责怪; 指责 n.责备; 指责 (1) be to blame (for sth) (2) blame sb for sth (3) blame sth on sb/sth (4) put/lay the blame for sth on sb (5) take the blame for sth 4. link n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联 (1) link...to/with (2) be linked to/with... (3) link up (with...) (4) a link between...and... …… 三、根据要求完成重点句式的练习 1.“疑问词+不定式”结构 (1) He’s not sure how to explain his problem to the teacher. 翻译： (2) Where to spend the summer vacation is something many families need to consider. 翻译： 选择性必修二Unit 1 单词、短语默写 （Part 2） 一、写出下列单词的词性和汉语意思 1. 2. transform 3. epidemiology 4. microscope 5. thinking 6. protein 7. cell 8. virus 9. finding 10. initial 11. vaccine 12. framework 13. theoretical framework 14. solid 15. cast 16. shadow 17. rainbow 18. pour 19. concrete 20. plasma 21. aerospace 22. patriotic 23. mechanical 24. mechanic 25. break out 26. aviation 27. defend 28. jet 29. assistant 二、写出下列短语的汉语意思 1. decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低 (1) on the decrease (2) decrease (from...) to... (3) decrease by... (4) decrease in... 2. break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情) (1) (2) break in (3) break into (4) break through (5) break up (6) break away from 3. defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解 (1) defend...from/against (doing...) (2) defend oneself (3) in defence (of) (4) in one’s defence 4. assistant n.助理;助手 (1) (2) an assistant to... (3) come to one’s assistance (4) assist sb in/with sth (5) with the assistance of... (6) (7) assist sb in doing sth/to do sth 三、根据要求完成重点句式的练习 1. “so...that...”引导结果状语从句 “如此......以至于” ·so...that...句型的常见形式: so+adj./adv.+that... so+adj.+a(n)+n.(单数可数)+that... so+many/few/much/little (少)+n.+that... ·such...that...句型的常见形式: such+a(n)+adj.+n.(单数可数)+that... such+adj.+n.(复数可数/不可数)+that... ·当so/such放在句首时,主句要用 语序。 He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. 翻译： 选择性必修二Unit 1 单词、短语默写 （Part 3） 一、写出下列单词的词性和汉语意思 1. 2. in charge of 3. missile 4. leadership 5. trace 6. outstanding 7. gifted 8. come down 9. abstract 10. steady 11. concept 12. astronomer 13. astronomy 14. telescope 15. besides 16. brilliant 17. furthermore 18. above all 19. fault 20. shift 21. vivid 22. Queen Victoria 23. Cambridge 24. non-Newtonian fluid 25. the Jet Propulsion Laboratory 26. Stephen Hawking 27. the big bang theory 28. Fred Hoyle 二、写出下列短语的汉语意思 1.in charge of主管;掌管 (1) (2) in the charge of (3) take charge of (4) free of charge (5) charge (sb) for sth (6) (7) charge sb with (doing) sth 2.come down with (1) (2) come across (3) come about (4) come on (5) come out (6) when it comes to... (7) come up with (8) come into effect 3.above all (1) (2) not at all (3) after all (4) first of all (5) in all (6) all in all 三、根据要求完成重点句式的练习 1. not only...but (also)...不但……而且…… 当连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词要根据 后的名词决定单复数( 原则) (1) From this voluntary activity, not only did I broaden my horizons but also I gained valuable experience. 翻译： (2) Not only I but also Tom 　　　　 (be) responsible for the task.  2. what引导的主语从句 (1) What I’m most interested in is how to learn English well. 翻译： 此句中主语从句为： (2) What I’m trying to figure out is how to balance study and entertainment. 翻译： 此句中主语从句为： $